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A Grid Frequency and Voltage Agnostic Startup Technique for Cascaded H-bridge Converters 级联h桥变换器的电网频率电压不可知启动技术
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-06-25 DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10220440
R. Mallik, B. Johnson
This paper presents a decentralized startup technique for bidirectional series-connected inverters with grid-forming capability. We control each converter module as a virtual resistor that absorbs power from the grid and transfers energy to the dc side. Owing to the passive nature of the virtual resistors, the series ac-side current automatically synchronizes the cascaded ac-side module voltages to the grid voltage. The virtual resistors not only prevent over-currents, but they are also agnostic to changes in grid frequency and voltage. This is extremely useful for startup during off-nominal grid conditions. Furthermore, unlike existing grid-connected startup methods, this technique does not require external charging resistors or a centralized phase-locked loop (PLL) to synchronize the series-connected modules. We demonstrate that stable rectifier operation is achieved if the emulated resistances are lower than a critical value. Once steady-state operation is reached, a local decentralized PLL within each module is able to decipher the frequency, phase angle, and magnitude of the grid voltage. This information is then passed to the primary control (droop, virtual oscillator, or virtual synchronous machine) and we flip the direction of power flow as the system begins normal operation. We verify the proposed startup technique for a 1.5 kVA system with three cascaded converters connected across a grid.
提出了一种具有并网能力的双向串联逆变器分散启动技术。我们将每个转换器模块控制为一个虚拟电阻,从电网吸收功率并将能量传输到直流侧。由于虚电阻的无源特性,串联交流侧电流自动将级联的交流侧模块电压同步到电网电压。虚拟电阻不仅可以防止过流,而且对电网频率和电压的变化也不可知。这对于在非标称电网条件下启动非常有用。此外,与现有的并网启动方法不同,该技术不需要外部充电电阻或集中锁相环(PLL)来同步串联模块。我们证明,如果模拟电阻低于临界值,则可以实现稳定的整流器操作。一旦达到稳态运行,每个模块内的本地分散锁相环就能够破译电网电压的频率、相位角和幅度。然后将此信息传递给主控制器(下垂,虚拟振荡器或虚拟同步机),并在系统开始正常运行时翻转功率流方向。我们在一个1.5 kVA的系统中验证了所提出的启动技术,该系统具有三个级联变流器通过电网连接。
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引用次数: 0
A Solid State Transformer for Electric Power Grid HEMP/GMD Mitigation 用于电网HEMP/GMD缓解的固态变压器
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-06-25 DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10220979
T. Donnelly, L. Rashkin
A high altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) or other similar geomagnetic disturbance (GMD) has the potential to severely impact the operation of large-scale electric power grids. By introducing low-frequency common-mode (CM) currents, these events can impact the performance of key system components such as large power transformers. In this work, a solid-state transformer (SST) that can replace susceptible equipment and improve grid resiliency by safely absorbing these CM insults is described. An overview of the proposed SST power electronics and controls architecture is provided, a system model is developed, and the performance of the SST in response to a simulated CM insult is evaluated. Compared to a conventional magnetic transformer, the SST is found to recover quickly from the insult while maintaining nominal ac input/output behavior.
高空电磁脉冲(HEMP)或其他类似的地磁干扰(GMD)有可能严重影响大型电网的运行。通过引入低频共模(CM)电流,这些事件会影响大型电力变压器等关键系统组件的性能。在这项工作中,描述了一种固态变压器(SST),它可以通过安全吸收这些CM侮辱来取代易感设备并提高电网的弹性。概述了拟议的SST电力电子和控制体系结构,开发了系统模型,并评估了SST响应模拟CM侮辱的性能。与传统的磁性变压器相比,发现SST可以快速从侮辱中恢复,同时保持标称交流输入/输出行为。
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引用次数: 0
Modulation Improvements for High Phase-Count Series-Capacitor Buck Converters 高相数串联电容降压变换器的调制改进
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-06-25 DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10220443
Gianluca Roberts, A. Prodic
This paper presents various phase activation sequences which raise the maximum input-to-output voltage conversion ratio of an N-inductor, N-phase Series-Capacitor (SerC) Buck Converter beyond the traditional limit of $1/N^{2}$. Phase counts up to 16 are analysed with conversion ratios increasing by a factor of up to 7. This paper additionally introduces a modulation technique that effectively increases the DPWM output voltage resolution by a factor of N by employing a novel method of minor duty increments (MDI). An experimental discrete prototype of an 11-phase, 48V–1.0VSerC Buck was fabricated to validate both the increase in the output voltage ceiling and DPWM resolution, as well as to evaluate the MDI-DPWM output voltage linearity.
本文提出了不同的相位激活顺序,使N电感N相串联电容(SerC)降压变换器的最大输入输出电压转换比超过传统的1/N^{2}$的限制。相位计数最多可达16,转换率最多可增加7倍。此外,本文还介绍了一种调制技术,该技术通过采用一种新颖的小占空增量(MDI)方法,有效地将DPWM输出电压分辨率提高了N倍。制作了11相48V-1.0VSerC Buck的实验离散原型,验证了输出电压上限和DPWM分辨率的提高,并评估了MDI-DPWM输出电压的线性度。
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引用次数: 0
Piezoelectric Transformer Component Design for DC-DC Power Conversion DC-DC电源转换用压电变压器元件设计
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-06-25 DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221050
E. Ng, J. D. Boles, J. Lang, D. Perreault
Piezoelectric transformers (PTs) are a promising energy storage alternative to magnetics for power converter miniaturization. PTs offer galvanic isolation and voltage transformation like traditional magnetic transformers, but with superior power scaling properties at small size scales. Despite these advantages, most magnetic-less PT-based dc-dc converter designs have limited efficiencies and power densities. In this paper, we present a design framework for PTs that enables high efficiency and energy handling density at a nominal operating point, while maintaining high-efficiency converter behaviors such as zero voltage switching (ZVS). We illustrate this design process in the context of dc-dc power conversion, and the result suggests that significant gains in PT performance are possible with existing materials using these design strategies.
压电变压器(PTs)是一种很有前途的能量存储方法,可以替代磁性的电源变换器小型化。PTs像传统的磁变压器一样提供电流隔离和电压转换,但在小尺寸尺寸下具有优越的功率缩放特性。尽管有这些优点,大多数基于无磁pt的dc-dc变换器设计具有有限的效率和功率密度。在本文中,我们提出了一种PTs设计框架,该框架能够在标称工作点实现高效率和能量处理密度,同时保持高效率的转换器行为,如零电压开关(ZVS)。我们在dc-dc功率转换的背景下说明了这一设计过程,结果表明,使用这些设计策略的现有材料可以显著提高PT性能。
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引用次数: 0
Voltage-power Relationship for DRU-HVDC Connected OWF System 药-高压直流连接OWF系统的电压-功率关系
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-06-25 DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221145
Chengqi Zhang, Dongsheng Yang, Han Mu
In order to pair control variables following the system properties for designing grid-forming wind turbines in the diode rectifier unit(DRU)- high-voltage direct current(HVDC) connected offshore wind farm (OWF) with controlled hydrogen electrolysis and small grid connection onshore, both steady-state and small-signal relationship between voltage at the OWF and power transmitted to DRU-HVDC have to be clearly understood. However, apart from uncontrolled nature of DRU, interface constituting by passive devices between OWF and the offshore platform impact the voltage-power relationships as well. To including physical properties of DRU to the AC circuit analysis, chain rule is implemented to bridge the voltage at point of common connection (PCC) and the OWF, reflecting the voltage divider role of MVAC cables, DRU filters and reactive power compensation devices.The research work reveals large gain between the voltage magnitude of OWF and power transmitted to HVDC link, while adjusting frequency hardly affect the power, which are different from voltage-power relationship in conventional power systems. The rigorous analytical results are verified by PSCAD/EMT simulation.
为了在二极管整流机组(DRU)-高压直流(HVDC)连接的海上风电场(OWF)中设计并网风力发电机时根据系统特性配对控制变量,控制氢气电解和陆上小电网连接,必须清楚地了解OWF电压与传输到DRU-HVDC的功率之间的稳态和小信号关系。然而,除了DRU的不可控特性外,OWF与海上平台之间由无源器件构成的接口也会影响电压-功率关系。为了将DRU的物理特性纳入交流电路分析,采用链式法则桥接PCC和OWF电压,体现了MVAC电缆、DRU滤波器和无功补偿装置的分压器作用。研究表明,与传统电力系统的电压-功率关系不同,OWF的电压幅值与输往HVDC的功率之间存在较大的增益,而调整频率对功率几乎没有影响。通过PSCAD/EMT仿真验证了分析结果的正确性。
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引用次数: 0
48V to 1V Active-Clamp Stacked Direct Forward Converter 48V到1V有源箝位堆叠直接正激变换器
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-06-25 DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221063
Shivangi Sinha, Branko Majmunović, D. Maksimović
This paper presents a 4S V-to-1 V stacked direct forward (SDF) dc-dc converter consisting of four 12 V-to-1 V direct forward (DF) modules connected in input-series output-parallel (ISOP) configuration. In each DF module, there is no secondary-side filter inductor, and a single-ended forward transformer is driven at a high duty cycle to reduce the switch root-mean-square currents. An active clamp is employed on the primary side to reset the transformer, limit the switch voltage stress, and facilitate zero voltage switching. The approach is verified by simulation results on a 12 V-to-1V, 50A, 200kHz prototype module using GaN devices and a planar transformer, and having a peak predicted efficiency of 93.4% and the full-load predicted efficiency of 89.3%. Experimental results are presented for a 12 V-to-1 V DF prototype.
本文提出了一种4S V-to- 1v堆叠直馈(SDF) dc-dc变换器,由四个12 V-to- 1v直馈(DF)模块组成,以输入-串联-输出-并联(ISOP)配置连接。在每个DF模块中,没有二次侧滤波电感,并且在高占空比下驱动单端正向变压器,以减少开关均方根电流。主侧采用有源钳位复位变压器,限制开关电压应力,便于零电压切换。采用GaN器件和平面变压器的12 v ~ 1v、50A、200kHz原型模块的仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性,峰值预测效率为93.4%,满载预测效率为89.3%。给出了一个12 V ~ 1 V的DF样机的实验结果。
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引用次数: 0
Improved Burst Mode Operation for DAB Converters to Achieve ZVS in Full-Load-Range by Considering Device Voltage Oscillation 考虑器件电压振荡的DAB变换器实现全负载范围ZVS的改进突发模式操作
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-06-25 DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221120
Cheng Huang, Tomoyuki Mannen, T. Isobe
This paper proposes an improved burst mode for dual active bridge (DAB) converters to obtain zero-voltage switching (ZVS) operation over the entire load range. Despite the burst mode can reduce the number of switching and improve the efficiency by introducing non-switching intervals, the conventional burst mode operations fail in the realization of ZVS over the entire load range. The proposed method introduces an oscillation of device voltages which can be resonant to zero during the non-switching interval of the burst mode. The oscillation period is discretely adjusted so that the switching devices can always be turned on at zero voltage even at light-load conditions. As a result, further efficiency improvement can be obtained in the entire load condition with an extended ZVS range. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by experiments with a fabricated DAB converter, which consisted of SiC-MOSFETs and was operated at 100-kHz.
提出了一种改进的双有源桥式(DAB)变换器突发模式,使其在整个负载范围内实现零电压开关(ZVS)工作。尽管突发模式通过引入非切换间隔可以减少切换次数,提高效率,但传统突发模式无法实现全负荷范围内的零电压切换。该方法引入了器件电压的振荡,该振荡可以在突发模式的非开关间隔期间谐振到零。振荡周期是离散调节的,因此即使在轻负载条件下,开关器件也能始终在零电压下接通。因此,在整个负载条件下,通过扩大ZVS范围,可以进一步提高效率。实验结果表明,该方法的有效性得到了验证,该转换器由sic - mosfet组成,工作频率为100 khz。
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引用次数: 1
A Flexible Lightweight 7.4 V Input 300 V to 1500 V Output Power Converter for an Untethered Modular Piezoelectric Soft Robot 柔性轻量级7.4 V输入300v至1500v输出功率转换器用于无系绳模块化压电软机器人
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-06-25 DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221022
Hsin Cheng, Zhiwu Zheng, Prakhar Kumar, Yenan Chen, J. Baek, Ben Kim, Sigurd Wagner, N. Verma, J. Sturm, Minjie Chen
Soft robot is an enabling technology for many emerging applications. The operation voltages of many electric soft actuators, i.e., Macro Fiber Composites (MFC) and Dielectric Elastomer Actuators (DEA), are usually in the range of hundreds to thousands of volts. Actuators in a soft robot often need to be coordinated efficiently, precisely or rapidly, to perform useful functions such as crawling, jumping, or swimming. This paper presents the design and implementation of a flexible, lightweight, and modular power converter for multi-actuator piezoelectric soft robots. Output pulses of 300 V to 1500 V, 1 W, can be generated from 7.4 V input voltage with less than 5g of power electronics weight. A fully untethered, modular, scalable soft robot platform enables new opportunities for hardware, software, power, and control co-design.
软机器人是许多新兴应用的使能技术。许多电动软致动器,即宏纤维复合材料(MFC)和介电弹性体致动器(DEA)的工作电压通常在数百至数千伏的范围内。软体机器人中的执行器通常需要高效、精确或快速地协调,以执行有用的功能,如爬行、跳跃或游泳。本文介绍了一种柔性、轻量化、模块化的多致动器压电软机器人电源转换器的设计与实现。在电力电子重量小于5g的情况下,7.4 V的输入电压可以产生300v ~ 1500v、1w的输出脉冲。一个完全不受束缚的、模块化的、可扩展的软机器人平台为硬件、软件、电源和控制协同设计提供了新的机会。
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引用次数: 0
A Framework for Optimizing Multilevel AC Battery Energy Storage Systems 多级交流电池储能系统的优化框架
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-06-25 DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10220997
Alireza Ramyar, Jason B. Siegel, A. Avestruz
Battery energy storage systems (BESS) play an essential role in modern grids by supporting renewable power systems, improving grid power quality through voltage and frequency regulation, and supporting electric vehicle (EV) charging stations. At the same time, and with the rapid growth of EVs, an enormous number of EV batteries will be retired soon. These second-use EV batteries still have approximately 80% capacity and can be utilized in stationary applications like grid-connected BESSs to reduce the emissions from producing new batteries for energy storage systems. Directly producing multilevel AC from batteries reduces cost by eliminating the need for an explicit conventional inverter. In this paper, a framework is presented for optimizing the multilevel integration of power processing in BESSs, which is particularly applicable to BESSs with heterogeneous second-use batteries.
电池储能系统(BESS)支持可再生能源系统,通过电压和频率调节改善电网电能质量,并支持电动汽车(EV)充电站,在现代电网中发挥着至关重要的作用。与此同时,随着电动汽车的快速发展,大量的电动汽车电池将很快退役。这些二次使用的电动汽车电池仍然有大约80%的容量,可以用于固定应用,如并网bess,以减少生产用于储能系统的新电池的排放。直接从电池中产生多电平交流电,通过消除对明确的传统逆变器的需要来降低成本。本文提出了一种优化bess多级集成电源处理的框架,该框架特别适用于异构二次电池的bess。
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引用次数: 0
Fault-tolerant magnetic coupling topology for network parallel multilevel inverters 网络并联多电平逆变器的容错磁耦合拓扑
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-06-25 DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221155
Mattar Rita, A. Marwan
This paper presents a study of a fault-tolerant magnetic coupling topology for a network parallel multilevel inverter in aircraft applications. The modeling, the sizing, and the design of the Secondary Loop topology are developed for 15 kW/phase. Then, the experimental results are compared to the simulations in an open-loop study. For the closed-loop study, a linear dynamic model of the inverter is discussed to ensure the balancing of the leg currents. Finally, this topology is tested in terms of fault tolerance due to the loss of a leg, in open loop and in closed-loop control, showing promising results.
本文研究了一种适用于飞机上的网络并联多电平逆变器的容错磁耦合拓扑结构。二次回路拓扑的建模,尺寸和设计是为15kw /相位开发的。然后,将实验结果与开环研究中的仿真结果进行了比较。在闭环研究中,讨论了逆变器的线性动态模型,以保证支路电流的平衡。最后,在开环和闭环控制中对该拓扑进行了断腿容错性测试,显示出良好的结果。
{"title":"Fault-tolerant magnetic coupling topology for network parallel multilevel inverters","authors":"Mattar Rita, A. Marwan","doi":"10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMPEL52896.2023.10221155","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a study of a fault-tolerant magnetic coupling topology for a network parallel multilevel inverter in aircraft applications. The modeling, the sizing, and the design of the Secondary Loop topology are developed for 15 kW/phase. Then, the experimental results are compared to the simulations in an open-loop study. For the closed-loop study, a linear dynamic model of the inverter is discussed to ensure the balancing of the leg currents. Finally, this topology is tested in terms of fault tolerance due to the loss of a leg, in open loop and in closed-loop control, showing promising results.","PeriodicalId":55233,"journal":{"name":"Compel-The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80735191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Compel-The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering
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