Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cirp.2025.04.086
O. Ozkirimli , E. Ozturk (2)
Manufacturers seek to enhance productivity by investing in high-speed machine tools. However, at elevated spindle speeds, dynamic characteristics of spindles may change due to thermal loads on bearings, complicating the task of finding optimal spindle speeds. To address this issue, an automated measurement system was developed to evaluate dynamic characteristics of tooling assemblies under rotating conditions. The system employs a solenoid actuator for excitation and capacitance probes for response measurement. Dynamic measurements and milling tests were conducted on a 5-axis milling machine tool and benefits of the system in improving accuracy of stability prediction are presented.
{"title":"Increasing milling stability predictions accuracy considering speed dependent spindle behavior with an automated measurement device","authors":"O. Ozkirimli , E. Ozturk (2)","doi":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.04.086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.04.086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Manufacturers seek to enhance productivity by investing in high-speed machine tools. However, at elevated spindle speeds, dynamic characteristics of spindles may change due to thermal loads on bearings, complicating the task of finding optimal spindle speeds. To address this issue, an automated measurement system was developed to evaluate dynamic characteristics of tooling assemblies under rotating conditions. The system employs a solenoid actuator for excitation and capacitance probes for response measurement. Dynamic measurements and milling tests were conducted on a 5-axis milling machine tool and benefits of the system in improving accuracy of stability prediction are presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55256,"journal":{"name":"Cirp Annals-Manufacturing Technology","volume":"74 1","pages":"Pages 547-551"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cirp.2025.04.016
Sichao Liu, Lihui Wang (1)
Robots that embrace human-level performance on precise, dexterous and dynamic assembly tasks can significantly enhance the efficiency in precision assembly but remain big challenges. This paper introduces a vision intelligence-conditioned method for precision assembly, enabled by human-in-the-loop reinforcement learning. Upon visual demonstrations collected and trained by a reward classifier, a data-efficient reinforcement learning algorithm trains and learns vision-based robotic manipulation policies under human-in-the-loop corrections. An impedance-based control strategy derived from policies and visual guidance achieves high-precision contact-rich assembly manipulations with near-perfect success rates (above 98%) and compliance behaviours. The effectiveness of the presented method is experimentally demonstrated with semiconductor assembly.
{"title":"Vision intelligence-conditioned reinforcement learning for precision assembly","authors":"Sichao Liu, Lihui Wang (1)","doi":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.04.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.04.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Robots that embrace human-level performance on precise, dexterous and dynamic assembly tasks can significantly enhance the efficiency in precision assembly but remain big challenges. This paper introduces a vision intelligence-conditioned method for precision assembly, enabled by human-in-the-loop reinforcement learning. Upon visual demonstrations collected and trained by a reward classifier, a data-efficient reinforcement learning algorithm trains and learns vision-based robotic manipulation policies under human-in-the-loop corrections. An impedance-based control strategy derived from policies and visual guidance achieves high-precision contact-rich assembly manipulations with near-perfect success rates (above 98%) and compliance behaviours. The effectiveness of the presented method is experimentally demonstrated with semiconductor assembly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55256,"journal":{"name":"Cirp Annals-Manufacturing Technology","volume":"74 1","pages":"Pages 13-17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The demand for higher precision and efficiency in the ultrashort pulse laser processing of diamonds is growing as the industrial applications of diamonds expand. However, surface modification layers generated during laser irradiation negatively impact processing efficiency and remain difficult to actively control. This study improves processing efficiency by proposing and validating a two-step method that removes the surface modification layer after each pulse. Removing the modified layer increases the material removal volume and provides new insights into the impact of the modified layer on processing outcomes, laying the groundwork for future advancements in the ultrashort pulse laser processing of diamonds.
{"title":"Efficient processing with removal of modification in ultrashort pulse laser processing of diamond","authors":"Reina Yoshizaki , Shogo Kitamura , Yuta Teshima , Masayuki Nakao (1)","doi":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.03.039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.03.039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The demand for higher precision and efficiency in the ultrashort pulse laser processing of diamonds is growing as the industrial applications of diamonds expand. However, surface modification layers generated during laser irradiation negatively impact processing efficiency and remain difficult to actively control. This study improves processing efficiency by proposing and validating a two-step method that removes the surface modification layer after each pulse. Removing the modified layer increases the material removal volume and provides new insights into the impact of the modified layer on processing outcomes, laying the groundwork for future advancements in the ultrashort pulse laser processing of diamonds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55256,"journal":{"name":"Cirp Annals-Manufacturing Technology","volume":"74 1","pages":"Pages 251-255"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The term “machinability”, introduced over hundred years ago, is vague and cannot fully describe the performance of machining systems. Machinability databases established over many decades are outdated: missing recent advances, e.g., cutting tool grades, geometry, coatings, and cutting fluids effects. This keynote paper summarizes findings of a CIRP-sponsored three-year collaborative study in five interrelated topics. The paper presents a critical review of the state-of-the-art on these topics, the results of two major round robin tests, three industry-based case studies, and a novel predictive system of machining performance, utilizing advanced deep learning methods. Outlook and future directions are also presented.
{"title":"Revisiting machinability assessment: Towards total machining performance","authors":"I.S. Jawahir (1) , Helmi Attia (1) , Martin Dix (3) , Hassan Ghadbeigi , Zhirong Liao (2) , Julius Schoop , Alborz Shokrani (2)","doi":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The term “machinability”, introduced over hundred years ago, is vague and cannot fully describe the performance of machining systems. Machinability databases established over many decades are outdated: missing recent advances, e.g., cutting tool grades, geometry, coatings, and cutting fluids effects. This keynote paper summarizes findings of a CIRP-sponsored three-year collaborative study in five interrelated topics. The paper presents a critical review of the state-of-the-art on these topics, the results of two major round robin tests, three industry-based case studies, and a novel predictive system of machining performance, utilizing advanced deep learning methods. Outlook and future directions are also presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55256,"journal":{"name":"Cirp Annals-Manufacturing Technology","volume":"74 2","pages":"Pages 817-842"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cirp.2025.03.033
Kaveh Rahimzadeh Berenji, Shreyes N. Melkote (1)
This paper investigates the possible modification of the cutting behavior of pure tungsten, a difficult-to-cut refractory metal, by a halogenated cutting fluid. The results reveal that halogen adsorption on the workpiece surface during cutting induces embrittlement, leading to discontinuous thinner chips with cracks on the surface, and reduced cutting forces. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms halogen adsorption on the chip surface. An explanation based on the known effect of halogen adsorption on the electron work function of tungsten and its corresponding mechanical properties is given. The work shows the potential of the approach to improve the cutting behavior of difficult-to-cut metals.
{"title":"Improving the cutting characteristics of pure tungsten using a halogenated cutting fluid","authors":"Kaveh Rahimzadeh Berenji, Shreyes N. Melkote (1)","doi":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.03.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.03.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the possible modification of the cutting behavior of pure tungsten, a difficult-to-cut refractory metal, by a halogenated cutting fluid. The results reveal that halogen adsorption on the workpiece surface during cutting induces embrittlement, leading to discontinuous thinner chips with cracks on the surface, and reduced cutting forces. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms halogen adsorption on the chip surface. An explanation based on the known effect of halogen adsorption on the electron work function of tungsten and its corresponding mechanical properties is given. The work shows the potential of the approach to improve the cutting behavior of difficult-to-cut metals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55256,"journal":{"name":"Cirp Annals-Manufacturing Technology","volume":"74 1","pages":"Pages 139-143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cirp.2025.03.035
Murali Sundaram , Yu-Jen Chen , K. Rajurkar (1)
This study investigates the influence of three distinct configurations of the electrochemical discharge machining (ECDM) process on the thermal damages in the machining of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composite material. High-energy direct sparks and lower-energy ambient sparks generated by these configurations were found to be more effective in improving the machining quality during the material removal of carbon fibers and polymers respectively. The experimental results show that higher feed rates near the workpiece edge significantly reduced the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and anisotropic thermal damage due to better heat dissipation into the electrolyte and optimal utilization of the direct sparks.
{"title":"Mitigating thermal damages in the electrochemical discharge machining of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer","authors":"Murali Sundaram , Yu-Jen Chen , K. Rajurkar (1)","doi":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.03.035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.03.035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the influence of three distinct configurations of the electrochemical discharge machining (ECDM) process on the thermal damages in the machining of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composite material. High-energy direct sparks and lower-energy ambient sparks generated by these configurations were found to be more effective in improving the machining quality during the material removal of carbon fibers and polymers respectively. The experimental results show that higher feed rates near the workpiece edge significantly reduced the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and anisotropic thermal damage due to better heat dissipation into the electrolyte and optimal utilization of the direct sparks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55256,"journal":{"name":"Cirp Annals-Manufacturing Technology","volume":"74 1","pages":"Pages 233-237"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laser Induced Plasma Micro Machining (LIPMM) focusses a laser inside a liquid to create plasma that is used for micromachining with superior multi-material capability. This work subjects the plasma to a novel magnetic field to realize atypically simultaneous enhancement of feature resolution, feature depth and Material Removal Rate beyond the limitations of LIPMM and Direct Laser Ablation. A new physics-based model is established to uncover the mechanism behind this enhancement. Further, an acoustics-based approach is created for quantitative in-situ prediction of feature dimensions while considering unknown phenomenological disturbances in the material removal zone, a capability that lies beyond the state-of-the-art.
{"title":"Enhanced Magnet-aided Laser Induced Plasma Micromachining (E-MLIP) for Expanded Geometric Capabilities","authors":"Rajiv Malhotra , AnandKumar Patel , Kiarash Naghavi Khanghah , Hongyi Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.04.065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.04.065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser Induced Plasma Micro Machining (LIPMM) focusses a laser inside a liquid to create plasma that is used for micromachining with superior multi-material capability. This work subjects the plasma to a novel magnetic field to realize atypically simultaneous enhancement of feature resolution, feature depth and Material Removal Rate beyond the limitations of LIPMM and Direct Laser Ablation. A new physics-based model is established to uncover the mechanism behind this enhancement. Further, an acoustics-based approach is created for quantitative in-situ prediction of feature dimensions while considering unknown phenomenological disturbances in the material removal zone, a capability that lies beyond the state-of-the-art.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55256,"journal":{"name":"Cirp Annals-Manufacturing Technology","volume":"74 1","pages":"Pages 257-261"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cirp.2025.03.020
Junying Min, Xianglu Zhang, Bo Chen, Xiaolong Ma
Formability recovery resulting from static recovery and recrystallization of 0.1 mm CP-Ti sheets can be achieved in remarkably reduced time (≤2 s) under electropulsing treatment (EPT), yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study experimentally confirms that the formability recovery of pre-deformed CP-Ti is predominated by EPT temperature with existence of a threshold for its onset at approximately 623 K. Characterization using electron backscatter diffraction suggests that the accelerated recovery by EPT is primarily attributed to the activation of dislocation climb, increased recrystallization nucleation sites, and enhanced grain boundary migration, which is attributed to the “target effect” of EPT.
在电脉冲处理（EPT）下，0.1 mm CP-Ti片材的静态恢复和再结晶可在显著缩短的时间（≤2 s）内实现成形性恢复，但其潜在机制尚不清楚。实验证实，预变形CP-Ti的成形性恢复主要受EPT温度的影响，且在623 K左右存在阈值。电子背散射衍射表征表明，EPT的加速恢复主要是由于激活了位错爬升，增加了再结晶成核位点，增强了晶界迁移，这归因于EPT的“靶效应”。
{"title":"Mechanisms driving accelerated formability recovery in forming of ultra-thin titanium sheets with intermediate electropulsing treatment","authors":"Junying Min, Xianglu Zhang, Bo Chen, Xiaolong Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.03.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.03.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Formability recovery resulting from static recovery and recrystallization of 0.1 mm CP-Ti sheets can be achieved in remarkably reduced time (≤2 s) under electropulsing treatment (EPT), yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study experimentally confirms that the formability recovery of pre-deformed CP-Ti is predominated by EPT temperature with existence of a threshold for its onset at approximately 623 K. Characterization using electron backscatter diffraction suggests that the accelerated recovery by EPT is primarily attributed to the activation of dislocation climb, increased recrystallization nucleation sites, and enhanced grain boundary migration, which is attributed to the “target effect” of EPT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55256,"journal":{"name":"Cirp Annals-Manufacturing Technology","volume":"74 1","pages":"Pages 357-361"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cirp.2025.04.094
W. Gao (1) , S.W. Kim (1) , H. Bosse (3) , K. Minoshima
An insight is given into the fundamental mathematics and physics behind the generation of ultrashort optical pulses by mode-locked lasers, followed by an analysis and comparison of the characteristics between different types of such lasers, from the point of view of applications in dimensional metrology. Measurement technologies utilizing ultrashort pulses as time ruler and nonlinear optics generator in time domain, frequency ruler and white light laser in frequency domain, as well as applications in standards and traceability, are then categorized and presented. Future challenges and developing trends are also discussed.
{"title":"Dimensional metrology based on ultrashort pulse laser and optical frequency comb","authors":"W. Gao (1) , S.W. Kim (1) , H. Bosse (3) , K. Minoshima","doi":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.04.094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.04.094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An insight is given into the fundamental mathematics and physics behind the generation of ultrashort optical pulses by mode-locked lasers, followed by an analysis and comparison of the characteristics between different types of such lasers, from the point of view of applications in dimensional metrology. Measurement technologies utilizing ultrashort pulses as time ruler and nonlinear optics generator in time domain, frequency ruler and white light laser in frequency domain, as well as applications in standards and traceability, are then categorized and presented. Future challenges and developing trends are also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55256,"journal":{"name":"Cirp Annals-Manufacturing Technology","volume":"74 2","pages":"Pages 993-1018"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cirp.2025.04.084
Jiwang Yan (1) , Brigid Mullany (1) , Anthony Beaucamp (2) , Daniel Meyer (2) , Naohiko Sugita (1)
Complex surfaces are increasingly used in optics, biomedical devices, and aerospace industries. Additive manufacturing and five-axis milling can produce complex shapes, but additional finishing processes are needed to meet the surface quality demands. This keynote paper reviews shape-adaptive finishing processes that enable uniform surface quality improvement without altering the shape. Key factors affecting shape adaptability, processing efficiency, and material applicability are analyzed and optimal process selection strategies for finishing complex surfaces are discussed. Future possibilities and research topics in this area, including process modeling/simulation, digital twin, surface/subsurface metrology, functionality evaluation, and applications of advanced robotics and artificial intelligence, are outlined.
{"title":"Surface finishing by shape-adaptive processes","authors":"Jiwang Yan (1) , Brigid Mullany (1) , Anthony Beaucamp (2) , Daniel Meyer (2) , Naohiko Sugita (1)","doi":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.04.084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirp.2025.04.084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Complex surfaces are increasingly used in optics, biomedical devices, and aerospace industries. Additive manufacturing and five-axis milling can produce complex shapes, but additional finishing processes are needed to meet the surface quality demands. This keynote paper reviews shape-adaptive finishing processes that enable uniform surface quality improvement without altering the shape. Key factors affecting shape adaptability, processing efficiency, and material applicability are analyzed and optimal process selection strategies for finishing complex surfaces are discussed. Future possibilities and research topics in this area, including process modeling/simulation, digital twin, surface/subsurface metrology, functionality evaluation, and applications of advanced robotics and artificial intelligence, are outlined.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55256,"journal":{"name":"Cirp Annals-Manufacturing Technology","volume":"74 2","pages":"Pages 1019-1045"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号