The present study aimed to determine the developmental characteristics of high-risk infants with birth and perinatal risk factors according to gestational age using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development–Third Edition (Bayley-III) and to assess the clinical utility of the scale.
Methods
This study included 100 high-risk infants < 12 months' corrected age who presented to a hospital in Korea. Developmental levels of cognitive, language and motor scales were confirmed using Bayley-III and analysed by dividing the infants according to gestational age as follows: high-risk full-term, moderate-to-late preterm and very preterm. Collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, analysis of variance and chi-squared tests using SPSS version 24.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).
Results
In terms of developmental characteristics according to gestational age, moderate-to-late preterm infants exhibited average levels in all cognitive, language and motor domains, while high-risk full-term infants and very preterm infants exhibited low average levels in all cognitive, language and motor domains. The three groups exhibited statistically significant differences in the language domain, and analysis of the relationship between gestational age and degree of developmental delay revealed significant differences, especially in expressive language.
Conclusions
This study is meaningful in that it analysed the developmental characteristics of high-risk infants according to gestational age using Bayley-III. The Bayley-III test in high-risk infants < 12 months of age was useful for screening developmental delay; however, there is a need for careful follow-up and evaluation of the subsequent development process.
{"title":"Developmental Characteristics of High-Risk Infants According to the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development–Third Edition","authors":"Ju-Young Park, Nam-Hae Jung","doi":"10.1111/cch.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study aimed to determine the developmental characteristics of high-risk infants with birth and perinatal risk factors according to gestational age using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development–Third Edition (Bayley-III) and to assess the clinical utility of the scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study included 100 high-risk infants < 12 months' corrected age who presented to a hospital in Korea. Developmental levels of cognitive, language and motor scales were confirmed using Bayley-III and analysed by dividing the infants according to gestational age as follows: high-risk full-term, moderate-to-late preterm and very preterm. Collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, analysis of variance and chi-squared tests using SPSS version 24.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In terms of developmental characteristics according to gestational age, moderate-to-late preterm infants exhibited average levels in all cognitive, language and motor domains, while high-risk full-term infants and very preterm infants exhibited low average levels in all cognitive, language and motor domains. The three groups exhibited statistically significant differences in the language domain, and analysis of the relationship between gestational age and degree of developmental delay revealed significant differences, especially in expressive language.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study is meaningful in that it analysed the developmental characteristics of high-risk infants according to gestational age using Bayley-III. The Bayley-III test in high-risk infants < 12 months of age was useful for screening developmental delay; however, there is a need for careful follow-up and evaluation of the subsequent development process.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agnes G. Bucko, Kerry L. McIver, Daniel A. Zaltz, Tiange Liu, Brian Neelon, Sara E. Benjamin-Neelon, Russell R. Pate
Background
Many states throughout the United States have introduced Quality Rating and Improvement Systems (QRIS) to address childhood obesity in preschool-age children, but few have examined the impact of these standards in Family Child Care Homes (FCCHs). In South Carolina, the ABC Grow Healthy Practices are specific QRIS items that include diet, physical activity and sleep practices.
Methods
The purposes of this cross-sectional study are to (1) describe physical activity levels, sleep duration and diet quality of children attending FCCHs in South Carolina and (2) compare physical activity levels, sleep duration and diet quality between children attending FCCHs that were enrolled versus not enrolled in the ABC programme. Means and percentages were used to summarize child- and parent-level descriptive characteristics, physical activity levels, diet quality and sleep behaviours overall and by sex, race/ethnicity and ABC participation. t tests and chi-square analyses were used to compare child- and parent-level demographic characteristics as well as child-level behaviours by ABC status.
Results
Results revealed low physical activity levels (11.2 ± 4.1 min/h of total physical activity and 5.5 ± 2.6 min/h of moderate and vigorous physical activity) and poor diet quality (Healthy Eating Index 56.0 ± 10.3) in all children. There were statistically significant differences in fat and protein consumption between ABC and non-ABC FCCHs, as well as differences in demographic characteristics.
Conclusion
Future research is recommended to assess whether strengthening guidelines and improving implementation of obesity prevention standards will improve physical activity levels and diets of children attending FCCHs.
{"title":"ABC Grow Healthy Practices and Obesity-Related Health Behaviours in Family Child Care Homes in South Carolina","authors":"Agnes G. Bucko, Kerry L. McIver, Daniel A. Zaltz, Tiange Liu, Brian Neelon, Sara E. Benjamin-Neelon, Russell R. Pate","doi":"10.1111/cch.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many states throughout the United States have introduced Quality Rating and Improvement Systems (QRIS) to address childhood obesity in preschool-age children, but few have examined the impact of these standards in Family Child Care Homes (FCCHs). In South Carolina, the ABC Grow Healthy Practices are specific QRIS items that include diet, physical activity and sleep practices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purposes of this cross-sectional study are to (1) describe physical activity levels, sleep duration and diet quality of children attending FCCHs in South Carolina and (2) compare physical activity levels, sleep duration and diet quality between children attending FCCHs that were enrolled versus not enrolled in the ABC programme. Means and percentages were used to summarize child- and parent-level descriptive characteristics, physical activity levels, diet quality and sleep behaviours overall and by sex, race/ethnicity and ABC participation. <i>t</i> tests and chi-square analyses were used to compare child- and parent-level demographic characteristics as well as child-level behaviours by ABC status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results revealed low physical activity levels (11.2 ± 4.1 min/h of total physical activity and 5.5 ± 2.6 min/h of moderate and vigorous physical activity) and poor diet quality (Healthy Eating Index 56.0 ± 10.3) in all children. There were statistically significant differences in fat and protein consumption between ABC and non-ABC FCCHs, as well as differences in demographic characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Future research is recommended to assess whether strengthening guidelines and improving implementation of obesity prevention standards will improve physical activity levels and diets of children attending FCCHs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrick C. M. Brown, Sarah W. Feldstein Ewing, Anna C. Wilson
Background
Despite a known relationship between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and chronic pain, the association between ADHD symptoms and pain interference has not been prospectively investigated.
Methods
Young adults were recruited following receipt of a prescription opioid from ambulatory surgery clinics, outpatient clinics and emergency departments as part of a larger study. Participants completed measures of ADHD symptoms, depression, pain catastrophizing, adverse childhood experiences and pain interference at enrolment and 6 months later. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between ADHD symptoms and covariates on moderate-to-severe pain interference at 6 months.
Results
Participants were 116 young adults who completed the baseline ADHD symptoms measure; 71 completed the 6-month timepoint. Moderate-to-severe pain interference was present among 89.7% at baseline and 52.3% at 6 months. ADHD symptoms (OR [odds ratio] = 1.42, 95% CI [confidence interval] = 1.05–1.93), depression (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.02–1.14) and pain catastrophizing (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.01–1.12) were significantly associated with odds of moderate-to-severe pain interference at 6 months. In multivariable regression, ADHD symptoms (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.09–2.12) and pain catastrophizing (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.01–1.13) were significant predictors of moderate-to-severe pain interference at 6 months.
Conclusions
Participants with more ADHD symptoms were at greater risk for chronic pain interference. This is consistent with prior studies examining the role of attention in chronic pain. Individuals with ADHD symptoms may be at greater risk for chronic pain and future research should investigate tailored prevention and treatment approaches.
尽管注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与慢性疼痛之间存在已知的关系，但ADHD症状与疼痛干扰之间的关系尚未进行前瞻性研究。方法招募从门诊外科诊所、门诊诊所和急诊科接受阿片类药物处方的年轻人，作为一项更大研究的一部分。参与者在入组时和6个月后完成了ADHD症状、抑郁、疼痛灾难、不良童年经历和疼痛干扰的测量。采用Logistic回归检验ADHD症状与6个月时中重度疼痛干扰的协变量之间的关系。结果116名年轻人完成了ADHD的基线症状测量；71人完成了6个月的时间点。基线时有89.7%出现中度至重度疼痛干扰，6个月时为52.3%。ADHD症状（OR[比值比]= 1.42,95% CI[置信区间]= 1.05-1.93）、抑郁（OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.02-1.14）和疼痛灾难化（OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.01-1.12）与6个月时出现中度至重度疼痛干扰的几率显著相关。在多变量回归中，ADHD症状（OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.09-2.12）和疼痛灾难化（OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.01-1.13）是6个月时中度至重度疼痛干扰的显著预测因素。结论：ADHD症状越严重的参与者出现慢性疼痛干扰的风险越大。这与先前关于注意力在慢性疼痛中的作用的研究一致。有ADHD症状的个体可能有更大的慢性疼痛风险，未来的研究应该调查量身定制的预防和治疗方法。
{"title":"ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) Symptoms Are Associated With Chronic Pain Interference: Results From a Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Patrick C. M. Brown, Sarah W. Feldstein Ewing, Anna C. Wilson","doi":"10.1111/cch.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite a known relationship between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and chronic pain, the association between ADHD symptoms and pain interference has not been prospectively investigated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Young adults were recruited following receipt of a prescription opioid from ambulatory surgery clinics, outpatient clinics and emergency departments as part of a larger study. Participants completed measures of ADHD symptoms, depression, pain catastrophizing, adverse childhood experiences and pain interference at enrolment and 6 months later. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between ADHD symptoms and covariates on moderate-to-severe pain interference at 6 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants were 116 young adults who completed the baseline ADHD symptoms measure; 71 completed the 6-month timepoint. Moderate-to-severe pain interference was present among 89.7% at baseline and 52.3% at 6 months. ADHD symptoms (OR [odds ratio] = 1.42, 95% CI [confidence interval] = 1.05–1.93), depression (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.02–1.14) and pain catastrophizing (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.01–1.12) were significantly associated with odds of moderate-to-severe pain interference at 6 months. In multivariable regression, ADHD symptoms (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.09–2.12) and pain catastrophizing (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.01–1.13) were significant predictors of moderate-to-severe pain interference at 6 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants with more ADHD symptoms were at greater risk for chronic pain interference. This is consistent with prior studies examining the role of attention in chronic pain. Individuals with ADHD symptoms may be at greater risk for chronic pain and future research should investigate tailored prevention and treatment approaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Pavlopoulou, E. Sim, S. Peter, M. Gardani, V. Beevers, C. Kassa, V. Sideropoulos
Background
A growing body of research postlockdown has established that loneliness and sleep problems are prominent in the life of all people and in particular in neurodivergent people and their parents/carers. The present study explores the experience of loneliness and sleep in siblings of neurodivergent young people.
Methods
Thirty-eight (n = 38) young siblings (Mage = 16.41, 68.4% female) completed an online survey on sleep, loneliness and daytime functioning, answering a set of qualitative questions.
Results
Thematic analysis revealed that their sleep was affected by personal anxieties and neurodivergent siblings' parasomnias. Definition of loneliness included perceived lack of understanding and empathy in wider society, assuming a lonesome responsibility, growing up faster than peers and an emptiness within and without. Siblings provided brief contributions on how schools and the wider society can help them. Limitations include small sample size and an uneven representation of gender and disability groups in the sample. Recommendations for school and societal support are also discussed.
Conclusion
This preliminary exploration helped define their caring responsibilities, social connectedness and sleep needs. Our findings call for a holistic and personalised approach to healthcare, including social and psychological support, for the whole family including neurodivergent and neurotypical siblings.
{"title":"‘Who Listens to the Listener, Who Cares for the Carer?’ A Cross-Sectional Study of Social Connectedness and Sleep Experiences of Young Siblings of Neurodivergent People","authors":"G. Pavlopoulou, E. Sim, S. Peter, M. Gardani, V. Beevers, C. Kassa, V. Sideropoulos","doi":"10.1111/cch.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A growing body of research postlockdown has established that loneliness and sleep problems are prominent in the life of all people and in particular in neurodivergent people and their parents/carers. The present study explores the experience of loneliness and sleep in siblings of neurodivergent young people.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-eight (<i>n</i> = 38) young siblings (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 16.41, 68.4% female) completed an online survey on sleep, loneliness and daytime functioning, answering a set of qualitative questions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thematic analysis revealed that their sleep was affected by personal anxieties and neurodivergent siblings' parasomnias. Definition of loneliness included perceived lack of understanding and empathy in wider society, assuming a lonesome responsibility, growing up faster than peers and an emptiness within and without. Siblings provided brief contributions on how schools and the wider society can help them. Limitations include small sample size and an uneven representation of gender and disability groups in the sample. Recommendations for school and societal support are also discussed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This preliminary exploration helped define their caring responsibilities, social connectedness and sleep needs. Our findings call for a holistic and personalised approach to healthcare, including social and psychological support, for the whole family including neurodivergent and neurotypical siblings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cch.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ting Yi, Yiwen Hu, Lin Xia, Yao Zhang, Xuewei Chen, Chaoqun Dong
Background
Transition readiness is a key predictor of the success of the medical transition. There are numerous categories of assessment instruments for transition readiness in adolescents with chronic disease, but systematic integration and standardized evaluation of instruments are limited regarding measurement properties, complicating the selection of scientifically valid and reasonable instruments. This review aimed to critically appraise, compare, and summarize the transition readiness assessment instruments in adolescents with chronic diseases.
Methods
A comprehensive search was conducted in 10 databases from their inception to September 3, 2023. The Consensus-based Standards for Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) systematic review guideline was used to evaluate the quality of the Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) and to facilitate the recommendation of the most suitable measuring instruments.
Results
The total number of retrieved articles was 1798, out of which 74 were selected for full-text evaluation. Finally, a total of 41 articles were included, involving 22 transition readiness assessment instruments. Nine of the assessment instruments were generalized assessment instruments, whereas 13 were for specific chronic diseases. Because of insufficient or uncertain content validity and moderate or low quality of evidence, the 22 assessment instruments were recommended by grade B.
Conclusions
This systematic review offers a comprehensive overview of the measurement characteristics of the transition readiness assessment instrument for adolescent patients with chronic illnesses, along with corresponding recommendations. The findings indicate that no instrument demonstrated superior performance over others. Consequently, future efforts should focus on developing additional high-quality instruments in accordance with COSMIN guidelines to evaluate transition readiness among this population precisely.
{"title":"Instruments to Assess Transition Readiness Among Adolescents With Chronic Disease: A COSMIN Systematic Review of Measurement Properties","authors":"Ting Yi, Yiwen Hu, Lin Xia, Yao Zhang, Xuewei Chen, Chaoqun Dong","doi":"10.1111/cch.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transition readiness is a key predictor of the success of the medical transition. There are numerous categories of assessment instruments for transition readiness in adolescents with chronic disease, but systematic integration and standardized evaluation of instruments are limited regarding measurement properties, complicating the selection of scientifically valid and reasonable instruments. This review aimed to critically appraise, compare, and summarize the transition readiness assessment instruments in adolescents with chronic diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive search was conducted in 10 databases from their inception to September 3, 2023. The Consensus-based Standards for Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) systematic review guideline was used to evaluate the quality of the Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) and to facilitate the recommendation of the most suitable measuring instruments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The total number of retrieved articles was 1798, out of which 74 were selected for full-text evaluation. Finally, a total of 41 articles were included, involving 22 transition readiness assessment instruments. Nine of the assessment instruments were generalized assessment instruments, whereas 13 were for specific chronic diseases. Because of insufficient or uncertain content validity and moderate or low quality of evidence, the 22 assessment instruments were recommended by grade B.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This systematic review offers a comprehensive overview of the measurement characteristics of the transition readiness assessment instrument for adolescent patients with chronic illnesses, along with corresponding recommendations. The findings indicate that no instrument demonstrated superior performance over others. Consequently, future efforts should focus on developing additional high-quality instruments in accordance with COSMIN guidelines to evaluate transition readiness among this population precisely.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sophie M. Phillips, Matthew Bourke, Brianne A. Bruijns, Leigh Vanderloo, Aidan Loh, Kendall Saravanamuttoo, Patricia Tucker
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Physical activity and sedentary time are independently associated with health and developmental outcomes in preschool children. However, the integrated nature of these behaviours on early life outcomes, particularly during childcare hours, is currently understudied. As such, the aim of this study was to examine the association between preschool children's physical activity and sedentary time during childcare and various developmental outcomes (psychosocial, cognitive and fundamental movement skills).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>A total of 107 preschool children (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub>: 41 ± 6 months) recruited from London, Canada, wore ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometers during childcare hours to measure their sedentary time, light intensity physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA). Developmental outcomes, including psychosocial health (internalising, externalising, prosocial behaviour), indicators of cognitive development (memory, inhibitory control) and fundamental movement skills (locomotor control, object control, total fundamental movement), were assessed using validated tools. Compositional regression and isotemporal substitution models were estimated to examine how movement compositions in childcare were associated with developmental outcomes.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Engaging in more MVPA relative to LPA and sedentary time was associated with fewer internalising symptoms and better total fundamental movement skills and object control skills, whilst spending more time in LPA relative to MVPA and sedentary time was associated with more internalising symptoms and worse object control skills. Isotemporal substitution models suggested that theoretically increasing sedentary time or engaging in MVPA at the expense of time engaging in LPA during childcare is associated with lower internalising symptoms.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>The findings of this study provide preliminary evidence that engaging in MVPA during childcare, at the expense of time in LPA or sedentary time, is associated with children's fundamental movement skills and psychosocial development. Further longitudinal research is required, with larger samples of young children, to assess the mechanisms through which childcare movement behaviour compositions may interact with developmental outcomes, including contextualising both sedentary time and LPA.</p> </section> <section>
{"title":"Associations Between Childcare Physical Activity and Sedentary Time and Early Childhood Developmental Outcomes: A Compositional and Isotemporal Substitution Analysis","authors":"Sophie M. Phillips, Matthew Bourke, Brianne A. Bruijns, Leigh Vanderloo, Aidan Loh, Kendall Saravanamuttoo, Patricia Tucker","doi":"10.1111/cch.70011","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cch.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Physical activity and sedentary time are independently associated with health and developmental outcomes in preschool children. However, the integrated nature of these behaviours on early life outcomes, particularly during childcare hours, is currently understudied. As such, the aim of this study was to examine the association between preschool children's physical activity and sedentary time during childcare and various developmental outcomes (psychosocial, cognitive and fundamental movement skills).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 107 preschool children (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub>: 41 ± 6 months) recruited from London, Canada, wore ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometers during childcare hours to measure their sedentary time, light intensity physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA). Developmental outcomes, including psychosocial health (internalising, externalising, prosocial behaviour), indicators of cognitive development (memory, inhibitory control) and fundamental movement skills (locomotor control, object control, total fundamental movement), were assessed using validated tools. Compositional regression and isotemporal substitution models were estimated to examine how movement compositions in childcare were associated with developmental outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Engaging in more MVPA relative to LPA and sedentary time was associated with fewer internalising symptoms and better total fundamental movement skills and object control skills, whilst spending more time in LPA relative to MVPA and sedentary time was associated with more internalising symptoms and worse object control skills. Isotemporal substitution models suggested that theoretically increasing sedentary time or engaging in MVPA at the expense of time engaging in LPA during childcare is associated with lower internalising symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings of this study provide preliminary evidence that engaging in MVPA during childcare, at the expense of time in LPA or sedentary time, is associated with children's fundamental movement skills and psychosocial development. Further longitudinal research is required, with larger samples of young children, to assess the mechanisms through which childcare movement behaviour compositions may interact with developmental outcomes, including contextualising both sedentary time and LPA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"50 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cch.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eileen S. Williams, Cassandra J. Enzler, Lauren Bretz, Cortney T. Zimmerman, Albert C. Hergenroeder, Beth H. Garland, Constance M. Wiemann
Background
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that adolescents with chronic health conditions begin to assume responsibility for their own care by age 14. The goal of this qualitative one-time interview study is to learn how 14- to 16-year-old adolescents with chronic health conditions begin to develop self-management skills and the role that caregivers play in the learning process.
Methods
Twenty adolescents ages 14–16 with chronic renal (n = 5), gastrointestinal (n = 5), hematologic (n = 5), or rheumatologic (n = 5) diseases, and 20 caregivers (dyads), completed individual semi-structured interviews discussing the adolescents' current degree of self-management. Six coders analyzed transcripts using thematic framework analysis.
Results
Three primary themes emerged: continuum, motivations, and tools. Both adolescents and caregivers described progress along a self-management continuum with varying levels of responsibility for the adolescents, ranging from passive to responsible. Caregivers' behaviors similarly varied from directive management to supported self-management. Motivations for self-management skills were described in relation to one's health, self, and others. Families utilized a variety of tools to facilitate movement toward supported self-management with the adolescent.
Conclusions
The development of adolescent self-management of their chronic condition is a complex, shifting continuum between caregiver and adolescent. This continuum may be impacted by adolescent motivation and tools/problem solving available to the family. Pediatric healthcare providers can support self-management by assessing and attending to each patient's motivations; building a road map individualized to each patient's skills; and offering time in outpatient clinic to practice self-management strategies.
背景：美国儿科学会（American Academy of Pediatrics）建议患有慢性疾病的青少年在 14 岁之前开始承担起自我护理的责任。这项一次性定性访谈研究的目的是了解患有慢性疾病的 14-16 岁青少年是如何开始培养自我管理技能的，以及照顾者在学习过程中扮演的角色：20名患有慢性肾病（5人）、肠胃病（5人）、血液病（5人）或风湿病（5人）的14至16岁青少年和20名照顾者（二人一组）完成了个人半结构式访谈，讨论了青少年目前的自我管理程度。六名编码员采用主题框架分析法对记录誊本进行了分析：出现了三个主要的主题：连续性、动机和工具。青少年和照护者都描述了在自我管理的连续统一体中取得的进步，青少年的责任程度各不相同，从被动到负责。照顾者的行为也同样从指令性管理到支持性自我管理不等。自我管理技能的动机被描述为与个人健康、自我和他人有关。家庭利用各种工具促进青少年实现支持性自我管理：青少年自我管理慢性病的发展是一个复杂的、在照顾者和青少年之间不断变化的连续过程。青少年的动机和家庭可用的工具/问题解决方案可能会对这一过程产生影响。儿科医疗服务提供者可以通过评估和关注每位患者的动机、根据每位患者的技能制定个性化的路线图以及在门诊中提供时间练习自我管理策略来支持自我管理。
{"title":"Development of Self-Management Skills in 14- to 16-Year-Old Adolescents with Chronic Health Conditions: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Eileen S. Williams, Cassandra J. Enzler, Lauren Bretz, Cortney T. Zimmerman, Albert C. Hergenroeder, Beth H. Garland, Constance M. Wiemann","doi":"10.1111/cch.70012","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cch.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that adolescents with chronic health conditions begin to assume responsibility for their own care by age 14. The goal of this qualitative one-time interview study is to learn how 14- to 16-year-old adolescents with chronic health conditions begin to develop self-management skills and the role that caregivers play in the learning process.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty adolescents ages 14–16 with chronic renal (n = 5), gastrointestinal (n = 5), hematologic (n = 5), or rheumatologic (n = 5) diseases, and 20 caregivers (dyads), completed individual semi-structured interviews discussing the adolescents' current degree of self-management. Six coders analyzed transcripts using thematic framework analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three primary themes emerged: continuum, motivations, and tools. Both adolescents and caregivers described progress along a self-management continuum with varying levels of responsibility for the adolescents, ranging from passive to responsible. Caregivers' behaviors similarly varied from directive management to supported self-management. Motivations for self-management skills were described in relation to one's health, self, and others. Families utilized a variety of tools to facilitate movement toward supported self-management with the adolescent.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The development of adolescent self-management of their chronic condition is a complex, shifting continuum between caregiver and adolescent. This continuum may be impacted by adolescent motivation and tools/problem solving available to the family. Pediatric healthcare providers can support self-management by assessing and attending to each patient's motivations; building a road map individualized to each patient's skills; and offering time in outpatient clinic to practice self-management strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"50 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jackline J. Nusurupia, Leyna H. Germana, Pujitha Wickramasinghe, Hong K. Tang, Nyaradzai Munambah, Mohammad S. Hossain, Pham Bang, Guan Hongyan, Alex Antonio Florindo, Catherine E. Draper, Denise Koh, Kuston Sultoni, Anthony D. Okely, Mark S. Tremblay, Xanne Janssen, John J. Reilly
Background
Insufficient physical activity, excessive screen time and short sleep duration among young children are global public health concerns; however, data on prevalence of meeting World Health Organisation 24-h movement behaviour guidelines for 3–4-year-old children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are limited, and it is unknown whether urbanisation is related to young children's movement behaviours. The present study examined differences in prevalence of meeting 24-h movement behaviour guidelines among 3–4-year-old children living in urban versus rural settings in LMICs.
Methods
The SUNRISE Study recruited 429, 3–4-year-old child/parent dyads from 10 LMICs. Children wore activPAL accelerometers continuously for at least 48 h to assess their physical activity and sleep duration. Screen time and time spent restrained were assessed via parent questionnaire. Differences in prevalence of meeting guidelines between urban- and rural-dwelling children were examined using chi-square tests.
Results
Physical activity guidelines were met by 17% of children (14% urban vs. 18% rural), sleep guidelines by 57% (61% urban vs. 54% rural), screen time guidelines by 50% (50% urban vs. 50% rural), restrained guidelines by 84% (81% urban vs. 86% rural) and all guidelines combined by 4% (4% urban vs.4% rural). We found no significant differences in meeting the guidelines between urban and rural areas.
Conclusions
Only a small proportion of children in both rural and urban settings met the WHO 24-h movement guidelines. Strategies to improve movement behaviours in LMICs should consider including both rural and urban settings.
{"title":"Urban Versus Rural Differences in Meeting 24-h Movement Behaviour Guidelines Among 3–4-Year-Olds: An Analysis of SUNRISE Pilot Study Data From 10 Low- and Middle-Income Countries","authors":"Jackline J. Nusurupia, Leyna H. Germana, Pujitha Wickramasinghe, Hong K. Tang, Nyaradzai Munambah, Mohammad S. Hossain, Pham Bang, Guan Hongyan, Alex Antonio Florindo, Catherine E. Draper, Denise Koh, Kuston Sultoni, Anthony D. Okely, Mark S. Tremblay, Xanne Janssen, John J. Reilly","doi":"10.1111/cch.70008","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cch.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Insufficient physical activity, excessive screen time and short sleep duration among young children are global public health concerns; however, data on prevalence of meeting World Health Organisation 24-h movement behaviour guidelines for 3–4-year-old children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are limited, and it is unknown whether urbanisation is related to young children's movement behaviours. The present study examined differences in prevalence of meeting 24-h movement behaviour guidelines among 3–4-year-old children living in urban versus rural settings in LMICs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The SUNRISE Study recruited 429, 3–4-year-old child/parent dyads from 10 LMICs. Children wore activPAL accelerometers continuously for at least 48 h to assess their physical activity and sleep duration. Screen time and time spent restrained were assessed via parent questionnaire. Differences in prevalence of meeting guidelines between urban- and rural-dwelling children were examined using chi-square tests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Physical activity guidelines were met by 17% of children (14% urban vs. 18% rural), sleep guidelines by 57% (61% urban vs. 54% rural), screen time guidelines by 50% (50% urban vs. 50% rural), restrained guidelines by 84% (81% urban vs. 86% rural) and all guidelines combined by 4% (4% urban vs.4% rural). We found no significant differences in meeting the guidelines between urban and rural areas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Only a small proportion of children in both rural and urban settings met the WHO 24-h movement guidelines. Strategies to improve movement behaviours in LMICs should consider including both rural and urban settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"50 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cch.70008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julia Davies, Sarah Brennenstuhl, Brooke Allemang, Soha Salman, Katherine Sainsbury, Kristin Cleverley
Background
Transition readiness, or skills and preparation for navigating adult health care, is an important factor in the successful transition from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to adult care; however, predictors of transition readiness are not fully understood. One factor which may impact transition readiness among youth accessing CAMHS is the presence of a co-occurring physical health condition; however, this has not been previously examined. Within a cohort of youth receiving CAMHS, the objective of this study was to understand if there is an association between co-occurring physical health conditions and transition readiness and if this relationship is impacted by severity of mental health symptoms.
Methods
This study was a secondary analysis of baseline data from the Longitudinal Youth in Transition Study, including 237 16- to 18-year-old youth accessing outpatient CAMHS from four different clinical sites. Participants completed self-report measures on mental health symptoms, functioning, service use, transition readiness, and physical health conditions. Multiple linear regression models were used to measure the association between the presence of health conditions and transition readiness scores as well as determine if there was an interaction between mental health symptoms and physical health conditions to predict transition readiness.
Results
Co-occurring physical conditions were reported by 41% of youth and were associated with greater overall transition readiness. There was no interaction between mental health symptom severity and co-occurring physical conditions, though attention problems were independently associated with lower transition readiness scores.
Conclusions
Youth accessing CAMHS who have a co-occurring physical condition have overall greater transition readiness than youth without a co-occurring condition. Further research should explore the role of frequency and types of healthcare encounters in transition readiness for transition age youth needing ongoing mental health care to better understand how to support self-management and care navigation skill development.
{"title":"Transition Readiness Among Youth Accessing Mental Health Services With Physical Health Co-Morbidities","authors":"Julia Davies, Sarah Brennenstuhl, Brooke Allemang, Soha Salman, Katherine Sainsbury, Kristin Cleverley","doi":"10.1111/cch.70009","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cch.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transition readiness, or skills and preparation for navigating adult health care, is an important factor in the successful transition from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to adult care; however, predictors of transition readiness are not fully understood. One factor which may impact transition readiness among youth accessing CAMHS is the presence of a co-occurring physical health condition; however, this has not been previously examined. Within a cohort of youth receiving CAMHS, the objective of this study was to understand if there is an association between co-occurring physical health conditions and transition readiness and if this relationship is impacted by severity of mental health symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was a secondary analysis of baseline data from the Longitudinal Youth in Transition Study, including 237 16- to 18-year-old youth accessing outpatient CAMHS from four different clinical sites. Participants completed self-report measures on mental health symptoms, functioning, service use, transition readiness, and physical health conditions. Multiple linear regression models were used to measure the association between the presence of health conditions and transition readiness scores as well as determine if there was an interaction between mental health symptoms and physical health conditions to predict transition readiness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Co-occurring physical conditions were reported by 41% of youth and were associated with greater overall transition readiness. There was no interaction between mental health symptom severity and co-occurring physical conditions, though attention problems were independently associated with lower transition readiness scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Youth accessing CAMHS who have a co-occurring physical condition have overall greater transition readiness than youth without a co-occurring condition. Further research should explore the role of frequency and types of healthcare encounters in transition readiness for transition age youth needing ongoing mental health care to better understand how to support self-management and care navigation skill development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"50 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cch.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Young carers are children or adolescents who provide significant care to another family member who has an illness or disability. This situation impacts their physical and mental health, and their social and school life. Nonetheless, this vulnerable population is often covert, which makes YCs' identification a major challenge. One of the methods in the literature to identify them consists of obtaining the adolescent's report of a relative's illness or disability, coupled with the standardized psychometric evaluation of their level of care. To date, no research had compared adolescents' and parents' perspectives using this method, while this would enable to gain insights on YCs' identification. The objective of this study was to compare parents' and adolescents' reports on the identification of an ill or disabled relative within the household, and adolescents' levels of caring activities.
Methods
Survey data were collected from 776 adolescents (mean age = 12.76 years; 55.50% of females) and one of their parents (mean age = 44.31 years; 83.76% of females). They completed questionnaires evaluating their sociodemographic characteristics, illnesses or disabilities within their household, and adolescents' levels of caring activities (MACA–YC 18). Cohen's κ for interrater agreement, Student's t-tests and chi-square tests of independence were performed for child–parent responses comparisons.
Results
Fewer adolescents reported that there was an ill or disabled relative within the household compared with their parents. Only 27.56% of the dyads agreed both on the person who was ill or disabled and the illness or disability. The dyads were more often in agreement when the ill or disabled relative had a serious somatic illness and was the mother. On the other hand, adolescents reported engaging in higher levels of caregiving activities than indicated by their parents' assessments.
Conclusion
This study highlights the difference of perception between parents and adolescents both on illness and disability reports, and on adolescents' levels of caring activities. These two points of view seem complementary, suggesting that combining adolescents' and parents' perspectives can aid in better identifying young carers.
背景：年幼照护者是指为患有疾病或残疾的其他家庭成员提供重要照护的儿童或青少年。这种情况影响了他们的身心健康以及社交和学校生活。然而，这一弱势人群往往具有隐蔽性，这使得识别幼托者成为一大挑战。文献中的一种识别方法是获取青少年对其亲属疾病或残疾的报告，并对其护理水平进行标准化的心理测量评估。迄今为止，还没有研究使用这种方法对青少年和家长的观点进行比较，而这将有助于深入了解对青年关怀者的识别。本研究旨在比较父母和青少年对家中患病或残疾亲属的识别报告，以及青少年的照顾活动水平：研究收集了 776 名青少年（平均年龄为 12.76 岁，女性占 55.50%）及其父母（平均年龄为 44.31 岁，女性占 83.76%）的调查数据。他们填写了调查问卷，评估他们的社会人口特征、家庭中的疾病或残疾情况以及青少年的照顾活动水平（MACA-YC 18）。在比较孩子和家长的回答时，采用了科恩κ（Cohen's κ for interrater agreement）、学生t检验和秩和检验（chi-square tests of independence）：与父母相比，报告家中有患病或残疾亲属的青少年人数较少。只有 27.56% 的父母双方对患病或残疾的人以及患病或残疾的程度达成一致。如果患病或残疾的亲属患有严重的躯体疾病，并且是母亲，则双方的意见更容易达成一致。另一方面，青少年参与照顾活动的程度高于父母的评估：本研究强调了父母和青少年在疾病和残疾报告以及青少年护理活动水平方面的认知差异。这两种观点似乎是互补的，表明结合青少年和家长的观点有助于更好地识别年轻的照护者。
{"title":"Young Carers' Identification: Comparing Adolescents' and Parents' Perspectives","authors":"Jade Pilato, Géraldine Dorard, Clizia Cincidda, Aurélie Untas","doi":"10.1111/cch.70006","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cch.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Young carers are children or adolescents who provide significant care to another family member who has an illness or disability. This situation impacts their physical and mental health, and their social and school life. Nonetheless, this vulnerable population is often covert, which makes YCs' identification a major challenge. One of the methods in the literature to identify them consists of obtaining the adolescent's report of a relative's illness or disability, coupled with the standardized psychometric evaluation of their level of care. To date, no research had compared adolescents' and parents' perspectives using this method, while this would enable to gain insights on YCs' identification. The objective of this study was to compare parents' and adolescents' reports on the identification of an ill or disabled relative within the household, and adolescents' levels of caring activities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Survey data were collected from 776 adolescents (mean age = 12.76 years; 55.50% of females) and one of their parents (mean age = 44.31 years; 83.76% of females). They completed questionnaires evaluating their sociodemographic characteristics, illnesses or disabilities within their household, and adolescents' levels of caring activities (MACA–YC 18). Cohen's κ for interrater agreement, Student's <i>t</i>-tests and chi-square tests of independence were performed for child–parent responses comparisons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fewer adolescents reported that there was an ill or disabled relative within the household compared with their parents. Only 27.56% of the dyads agreed both on the person who was ill or disabled and the illness or disability. The dyads were more often in agreement when the ill or disabled relative had a serious somatic illness and was the mother. On the other hand, adolescents reported engaging in higher levels of caregiving activities than indicated by their parents' assessments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights the difference of perception between parents and adolescents both on illness and disability reports, and on adolescents' levels of caring activities. These two points of view seem complementary, suggesting that combining adolescents' and parents' perspectives can aid in better identifying young carers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"50 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cch.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号