Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2024.a937511
Kim Gallon
<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Data Paradoxes: The Politics of Intensified Data Sourcing in Contemporary Healthcare</em> by Klaus Hoeyer <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Kim Gallon </li> </ul> Klaus Hoeyer. <em>Data Paradoxes: The Politics of Intensified Data Sourcing in Contemporary Healthcare</em>. Infrastructures Series. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2023. 314 pp Ill. $50.00 (978-0-262-54541-9). <p>It is virtually impossible to discuss health care in the twenty-first century without referencing data-driven decision-making. This is the basis for the major arguments of Klaus Hoeyer’s book, <em>Data Paradoxes: The Politics of Intensified Data Sourcing in Contemporary Healthcare</em>. Hoeyer uses Denmark as a case study for exploring what he calls “intensified data sourcing,” the stated drive for more data in health care and the lack of consensus on how the data will be utilized. This is the central paradox <strong>[End Page 332]</strong> of data in Denmark’s health care system. Hoeyer makes the case for a hyperlocal analysis of Denmark, beyond the obvious explanation that he is a researcher at the University of Copenhagen, because it has established a sophisticated digital health system that runs on an integrated data infrastructure. However, Hoeyer’s focus on Denmark precludes it from being solely a local study. Indeed, he argues that Denmark’s stated drive to be at the forefront of digital health care reflects the larger value other nations ascribe to data. In what he describes as an “ethno-graphic engagement” and anthropological discourse on data, Hoeyer explores the interconnections among policy, practice, and experience in Denmark’s health care system (p. 27).</p> <p>The book is organized thematically to introduce readers to a series of paradoxes about data that people produce through their belief that it promises new knowledge and the potential to do good. Drawing on interviews with researchers, reports, and strategy papers, Hoeyer argues that promises lie at the heart of the politics of data. These promises produce “data living,” a state of being where people’s well-being and health are inextricably linked to data that stands in as a representative of that person.</p> <p>Some of the most enlightening discussions in the book occur when Hoeyer explores “data work” and illuminates the multifaceted nature of data work in Denmark’s health system and the relatively large number of people who are involved in creating data infrastructure. The paradox in data, Hoeyer persuasively argues, is that data makes less work and more work at the same time.</p> <p>In a surprising but ultimately useful turn, Hoeyer uses an autoethnographic method to disclose his own data experiences, to disclose broader meaning about how people interact with data infrastructures in their everyday lives. However, these data infrastructures are often invisible to most people. In other words, they do not manifest themselves in people’s lives. Instead
评论者： 数据悖论：Klaus Hoeyer Kim Gallon Klaus Hoeyer 著，《数据悖论：当代医疗保健中强化数据源的政治学》（Data Paradoxes: The Politics of Intensified Data Sourcing in Contemporary Healthcare）。数据悖论：数据悖论：当代医疗保健领域强化数据挖掘的政治学》（Data Paradoxes: The Politics of Intensified Data Sourcing in Contemporary Healthcare）。基础设施丛书。马萨诸塞州剑桥：麻省理工学院出版社，2023 年。314 pp Ill. 50.00 美元 (978-0-262-54541-9)。在讨论 21 世纪的医疗保健时，几乎不可能不提到数据驱动决策。这是克劳斯-霍耶尔（Klaus Hoeyer）的著作《数据悖论》（Data Paradoxes：数据悖论：当代医疗保健中强化数据源的政治学》一书的主要论点。Hoeyer 以丹麦为案例，探讨了他所谓的 "强化数据采购"，即在医疗保健领域公开推动更多数据，但对如何利用这些数据却缺乏共识。这就是丹麦医疗保健系统中数据的核心悖论 [尾页 332]。除了他是哥本哈根大学的研究人员这一显而易见的解释外，Hoeyer 还提出了对丹麦进行超本地化分析的理由，因为丹麦已经建立了一个基于综合数据基础设施运行的先进数字医疗系统。然而，Hoeyer 对丹麦的关注并不意味着这仅仅是一项本地研究。事实上，他认为丹麦宣称要走在数字医疗的前沿，这反映了其他国家对数据的重视。在他所描述的 "民族地理参与 "和数据人类学论述中，Hoeyer 探索了丹麦医疗保健系统中政策、实践和经验之间的相互联系（第 27 页）。本书按主题编排，向读者介绍了一系列与数据有关的悖论，人们相信数据会带来新的知识，并有可能带来好的结果。通过对研究人员的访谈、报告和战略文件，霍耶尔认为，承诺是数据政治的核心。这些承诺造就了 "数据生活"，在这种生活状态中，人们的福祉和健康与作为个人代表的数据密不可分。书中一些最有启发性的讨论发生在霍耶探讨 "数据工作 "时，他揭示了丹麦卫生系统中数据工作的多面性，以及参与创建数据基础设施的人数相对较多。霍耶尔令人信服地指出，数据的悖论在于，数据在减少工作的同时也增加了工作。令人惊讶但最终有益的是，霍耶尔采用了一种自述式的方法来披露自己的数据经验，从而揭示了人们在日常生活中如何与数据基础设施互动的更广泛意义。然而，大多数人往往看不到这些数据基础设施。换句话说，它们并没有在人们的生活中显现出来。相反，与数据的接触是通过电线、硬件和软件进行中介的感官体验。对霍耶尔来说，这就产生了一种矛盾的非物质化和再物质化数据过程。霍耶尔还探讨了人们对数据的不同反应和参与，并创造了一种语言，用于讨论在这些与数据的关系中通常无法言说的东西。根据霍耶尔的观点，人们并不只是简单地与数据交流或互动。他们与数据的关系源于情感和创造意义的动力。数据体验的悖论在于，像大流行病这样的危机产生了强化的数据来源，并通过广泛传播的数据可视化得到传达。然而，根据个人的数据经验，这些数据同时也会引发和阻止政治争论。Hoeyer 还探讨了数据智慧，即对数据产生和应用 "强大知识 "的能力，以研究数据与明智决策之间的关系（第 151 页）。霍耶尔认为，那些拥有数据智慧的人相信，他们知道何时以及如何使用数据，从而反映出一个人获取更多知识和做出正确决策的能力。这种观点的悖论在于，尽管人们很乐意承认数据不是中立或客观的，但他们仍然想要更多的数据，并认为数据创造的知识在 [End Page 333] 决策过程中是有用的。霍耶尔提出的一个重要观点是，人们宁可冒拥有糟糕数据的风险，也不愿没有数据。为了使...
{"title":"Data Paradoxes: The Politics of Intensified Data Sourcing in Contemporary Healthcare by Klaus Hoeyer (review)","authors":"Kim Gallon","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2024.a937511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2024.a937511","url":null,"abstract":"<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Data Paradoxes: The Politics of Intensified Data Sourcing in Contemporary Healthcare</em> by Klaus Hoeyer <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Kim Gallon </li> </ul> Klaus Hoeyer. <em>Data Paradoxes: The Politics of Intensified Data Sourcing in Contemporary Healthcare</em>. Infrastructures Series. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2023. 314 pp Ill. $50.00 (978-0-262-54541-9). <p>It is virtually impossible to discuss health care in the twenty-first century without referencing data-driven decision-making. This is the basis for the major arguments of Klaus Hoeyer’s book, <em>Data Paradoxes: The Politics of Intensified Data Sourcing in Contemporary Healthcare</em>. Hoeyer uses Denmark as a case study for exploring what he calls “intensified data sourcing,” the stated drive for more data in health care and the lack of consensus on how the data will be utilized. This is the central paradox <strong>[End Page 332]</strong> of data in Denmark’s health care system. Hoeyer makes the case for a hyperlocal analysis of Denmark, beyond the obvious explanation that he is a researcher at the University of Copenhagen, because it has established a sophisticated digital health system that runs on an integrated data infrastructure. However, Hoeyer’s focus on Denmark precludes it from being solely a local study. Indeed, he argues that Denmark’s stated drive to be at the forefront of digital health care reflects the larger value other nations ascribe to data. In what he describes as an “ethno-graphic engagement” and anthropological discourse on data, Hoeyer explores the interconnections among policy, practice, and experience in Denmark’s health care system (p. 27).</p> <p>The book is organized thematically to introduce readers to a series of paradoxes about data that people produce through their belief that it promises new knowledge and the potential to do good. Drawing on interviews with researchers, reports, and strategy papers, Hoeyer argues that promises lie at the heart of the politics of data. These promises produce “data living,” a state of being where people’s well-being and health are inextricably linked to data that stands in as a representative of that person.</p> <p>Some of the most enlightening discussions in the book occur when Hoeyer explores “data work” and illuminates the multifaceted nature of data work in Denmark’s health system and the relatively large number of people who are involved in creating data infrastructure. The paradox in data, Hoeyer persuasively argues, is that data makes less work and more work at the same time.</p> <p>In a surprising but ultimately useful turn, Hoeyer uses an autoethnographic method to disclose his own data experiences, to disclose broader meaning about how people interact with data infrastructures in their everyday lives. However, these data infrastructures are often invisible to most people. In other words, they do not manifest themselves in people’s lives. Instead","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142259738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2024.a929789
Elena Conis
<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>The Defoliation of America: Agent Orange Chemicals, Citizens, and Protests</em> by Amy Hay <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Elena Conis </li> </ul> Amy Hay. <em>The Defoliation of America: Agent Orange Chemicals, Citizens, and Protests</em>. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2021. 328 pp. Ill. $49.95 (978-0-8173-2108-6). <p>Amy Hay's <em>Defoliation of America</em> is an argument for greater attention to the history of anti-toxic protest in twentieth-century U.S. history. In nine novel chapters, Hay reveals what comes into view when the ways in which citizens and scientists protest against the (known and unknown) toxic hazards of synthetic chemicals are traced and contextualized over time. Hay's specific focus is the Agent Orange herbicides, which include the two compounds notoriously combined to make the potent Vietnam War–era weed killer Agent Orange, 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T, as well as the "rainbow" herbicides made with one or the other of these.</p> <p>The Agent Orange herbicides, also known as phenoxy herbicides, work, paradoxically, by accelerating plant growth—"to the point of death" (p. 16). When the chemicals were first developed, in the 1940s, they were quickly put to nonmilitary use: on agricultural fields, weed-choked urban lots, fire-prone forests, and prized suburban lawns. Protest of a sort immediately ensued; early scientific <strong>[End Page 167]</strong> writings readily sounded notes of caution. But it wasn't until the chemicals were deployed by the U.S. military in Vietnam to decimate enemy routes and destroy crops that their application became "visible to the world" (p. 220). And eventually, with countercultural and veteran opposition, their objectionable qualities, long known to few, became more widely visible too. Today, they're still best known for their use over vast swaths of the Vietnamese landscape and for claims of toxicity among war veterans and civilians.</p> <p>For Hay, this is just part of the Agent Orange herbicides' story. Her book is divided into three chronologically arranged parts, each of them featuring stories of opposition in dramatically different settings. In part I, the book moves swiftly from the herbicides' creation to the first protests launched by the Catholic left, other religious groups, college students, and pacifists. The book's second part offers three case studies of women in the western United States who fought the herbicides' use in their home communities or states. The final section follows the protests of countercultural activists, Vietnam veterans, and parents of children exposed in utero.</p> <p>What these stories demonstrate is the varied routes the rainbow herbicides followed from manufacturing plants, through landscapes, and into bodies. Hay swiftly moves through the familiar narrative of wartime defoliation so vast it affected "more than half of South Vietnam's arable land" (p. 35) to show what protests this use elicited
评论者 The Defoliation of America：艾米-海 埃莱娜-科尼斯 Amy Hay 著 The Defoliation of America: Agent Orange Chemicals, Citizens, and Protests.美国的毁灭：橙剂化学品、公民和抗议》。塔斯卡卢萨：阿拉巴马大学出版社，2021 年。328 pp.插图，49.95 美元（978-0-8173-2108-6）。艾米-海伊（Amy Hay）的《美国的毁灭》（Defoliation of America）论证了在 20 世纪美国历史上更多关注反毒抗议历史的必要性。在九个新颖的章节中，海伊揭示了公民和科学家抗议合成化学品（已知和未知）有毒危害的方式，并对其进行了时间追溯和背景分析。海伊特别关注 "橙剂 "除草剂，其中包括越战时期用于制造强效除草剂 "橙剂 "的两种化合物：2,4-D 和 2,4,5-T，以及用其中一种或另一种化合物制成的 "彩虹 "除草剂。橙剂除草剂也被称为苯氧基除草剂，其作用是加速植物生长--"直至死亡"（第 16 页）。20 世纪 40 年代，这种化学药剂刚一问世，就迅速被用于非军事用途：农田、杂草丛生的城市地块、火灾频发的森林以及郊区珍贵的草坪。随即引发了某种抗议；早期的科学 [第 167 页完] 著作也随时发出警告。但直到美军在越南使用化学药剂消灭敌军路线和毁坏农作物后，它们的应用才 "为世人所知"（第 220 页）。最终，在反文化人士和退伍军人的反对下，这些长期以来为少数人所知的化学物质的不良性质也变得更加广为人知。时至今日，它们仍然因在越南大片土地上的使用以及退伍军人和平民对其毒性的宣称而广为人知。对海来说，这只是橙剂除草剂故事的一部分。她的书按时间顺序分为三部分，每一部分都讲述了在截然不同的环境中反对橙剂的故事。在第一部分中，该书从除草剂的诞生迅速过渡到天主教左派、其他宗教团体、大学生和和平主义者发起的第一次抗议活动。本书的第二部分提供了三个案例研究，介绍了美国西部妇女在自己的社区或州内反对使用除草剂的情况。最后一部分讲述了反文化活动家、越战老兵和子宫内暴露儿童的父母的抗议活动。这些故事展示了彩虹除草剂从制造厂、穿过景观到进入人体的不同路线。海伊迅速地从人们熟悉的战时大面积落叶影响到 "南越一半以上的可耕地"（第 35 页）这一叙事出发，展示了这种使用方式在当地引起了北越政府、民族解放阵线和国际观察员的抗议，他们将落叶行为定性为战争罪行。海伊进而将这个耳熟能详的故事与另一个并不总是与战争故事联系在一起的耳熟能详的故事联系在一起：美国公民在家庭环境中接触到化学品，但在广泛使用后（通常是通过急性症状的直接体验）才了解到这些化学品比官方承认的危害更大。例如，亚利桑那州通托国家森林分水岭喷洒区的居民，他们的头痛、皮疹、呼吸急促和胸痛在一次市议会会议上被一名护林员斥为 "胡言乱语"（第 87 页）。在本书的阅读过程中，读者看到了是什么将地缘政治、经济和物质环境截然不同的抗议者联系在一起。他们都在努力解决化学品暴露与健康后果之间的科学不确定性。他们拒绝接受冷战时期的政治共识，海伊认为，这种共识长期以来一直未得到充分认可。他们表达了公民要求企业对产品安全负责，以及政府效忠于公民而非企业的诉求。他们展示了无数意想不到的方式，让后果未知的化学物质进入人们的社区和身体：在加利福尼亚州，官员们喷洒这些化学物质，以减少可能引发野火的火种；在亚利桑那州，林业局喷洒这些化学物质，以促进径流，提高凤凰城的供水量......
{"title":"The Defoliation of America: Agent Orange Chemicals, Citizens, and Protests by Amy Hay (review)","authors":"Elena Conis","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2024.a929789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2024.a929789","url":null,"abstract":"<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>The Defoliation of America: Agent Orange Chemicals, Citizens, and Protests</em> by Amy Hay <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Elena Conis </li> </ul> Amy Hay. <em>The Defoliation of America: Agent Orange Chemicals, Citizens, and Protests</em>. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2021. 328 pp. Ill. $49.95 (978-0-8173-2108-6). <p>Amy Hay's <em>Defoliation of America</em> is an argument for greater attention to the history of anti-toxic protest in twentieth-century U.S. history. In nine novel chapters, Hay reveals what comes into view when the ways in which citizens and scientists protest against the (known and unknown) toxic hazards of synthetic chemicals are traced and contextualized over time. Hay's specific focus is the Agent Orange herbicides, which include the two compounds notoriously combined to make the potent Vietnam War–era weed killer Agent Orange, 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T, as well as the \"rainbow\" herbicides made with one or the other of these.</p> <p>The Agent Orange herbicides, also known as phenoxy herbicides, work, paradoxically, by accelerating plant growth—\"to the point of death\" (p. 16). When the chemicals were first developed, in the 1940s, they were quickly put to nonmilitary use: on agricultural fields, weed-choked urban lots, fire-prone forests, and prized suburban lawns. Protest of a sort immediately ensued; early scientific <strong>[End Page 167]</strong> writings readily sounded notes of caution. But it wasn't until the chemicals were deployed by the U.S. military in Vietnam to decimate enemy routes and destroy crops that their application became \"visible to the world\" (p. 220). And eventually, with countercultural and veteran opposition, their objectionable qualities, long known to few, became more widely visible too. Today, they're still best known for their use over vast swaths of the Vietnamese landscape and for claims of toxicity among war veterans and civilians.</p> <p>For Hay, this is just part of the Agent Orange herbicides' story. Her book is divided into three chronologically arranged parts, each of them featuring stories of opposition in dramatically different settings. In part I, the book moves swiftly from the herbicides' creation to the first protests launched by the Catholic left, other religious groups, college students, and pacifists. The book's second part offers three case studies of women in the western United States who fought the herbicides' use in their home communities or states. The final section follows the protests of countercultural activists, Vietnam veterans, and parents of children exposed in utero.</p> <p>What these stories demonstrate is the varied routes the rainbow herbicides followed from manufacturing plants, through landscapes, and into bodies. Hay swiftly moves through the familiar narrative of wartime defoliation so vast it affected \"more than half of South Vietnam's arable land\" (p. 35) to show what protests this use elicited ","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141520460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2024.a929788
Sharrona Pearl
<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Personality Disorders: A Short History of Narcissistic, Borderline, Antisocial, and Other Types</em> by Allan V. Horwitz <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Sharrona Pearl </li> </ul> Allan V. Horwitz. <em>Personality Disorders: A Short History of Narcissistic, Borderline, Antisocial, and Other Types</em>. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2023. xii + 227 pp. $35.00 (978-1-4214-4610-3). <p>Here's a pro tip: if you want someone to review your book, be sure to include "short" in the title. Read a short history of a compelling topic in my field? Sign. Me. Up. I didn't, I admit, stop to reflect too closely on what "short" might mean in the context of <em>A Brief History of Personality Disorders</em>. It could mean the book is short, or the history is short, or (stretching a grammatical point) the history of personality disorders is itself, relative to history as a whole, short. Spoiler alert: it's not the first one. The book itself isn't, on the scale of academic-trade writing, particularly short, at 227 pages. What "short" means here is more like synthetic, or sweeping, or broad: this is an overview not just of personality disorders, but personality as a whole, and, indeed, disorders as a (culturally contingent) category. That's a lot to squeeze in; no wonder it isn't actually all that short, and to be honest, I'm glad it's not.</p> <p>The book is in fact a bit breathless: a race (or at least a jog) through a couple of hundred years of history (and a look back to antiquity, as one does) to discuss not just the history of personality disorders, but indeed the history of both personality and disorders. If that means that the actual disorders get … errr … short shrift, it's worth it: as Horwitz compellingly explains, personality disorders are a particularly complicated category both as an entity, and indeed as individual components. As is true for a lot of mental illness, disease models simply do not fit. It's more acute in this case: personality, Horwitz outlines, is deeply shaped by social, political, and historical conditions. That makes it fair game for a variety of disciplines to study and claim, and at the same time, hard to determine norms. It's also really hard to study in traditional tests: with, say, IQ tests, there is an internal motivation to get it right. That's not that different to personality tests, except that "getting it right" is itself contingent on what the test-taker believes to be the best outcome. It's a motivated approach based on circumstance: if you want a job (or to get out of a job) you'll frame your answers accordingly. And even in cases where the test is untethered to an outcome, the answers reflect what the test-taker believes to be true about themselves rather than what might actually be the case. Personality is hard to measure, and it's hard to determine where a personality stops and a disorder starts. Unlike the classic medical model, which understands
评论者： 人格障碍：自恋型、边缘型、反社会型及其他类型的简史》，作者 Allan V. Horwitz Sharrona Pearl Allan V. Horwitz。人格障碍：自恋型、边缘型、反社会型及其他类型简史》。巴尔的摩：约翰-霍普金斯大学出版社，2023 年。xii + 227 pp.$35.00 (978-1-4214-4610-3).这里有一个专业建议：如果你想让别人评论你的书，一定要在书名中加上 "短篇"。阅读我的领域中一个引人注目的主题的简短历史？签名。我。了。我承认，我没有停下来仔细思考 "简短 "在《人格障碍简史》中的含义。它可能意味着这本书很短，也可能意味着这段历史很短，或者（从语法的角度来说）人格障碍的历史本身相对于整个历史来说就很短。剧透警告：这不是第一个。就学术著作而言，这本书本身并不算特别短，只有 227 页。在这里，"短 "的意思更像是综合、概括或宽泛：这不仅是对人格障碍的概述，也是对整个人格的概述，甚至是将人格障碍作为一个（因文化而异）类别的概述。要挤出这么多内容，难怪这本书实际上并不那么短，而且说实话，我很高兴它并不那么短。事实上，这本书有点让人喘不过气来：在几百年的历史长河中奔跑（或至少是慢跑）（也可以回顾一下古代），不仅讨论了人格障碍的历史，还讨论了人格和障碍的历史。如果这意味着真正的人格障碍会被......呃......冷落，那也是值得的：正如霍维茨令人信服地解释的那样，人格障碍是一个特别复杂的类别，无论是作为一个实体，还是作为单独的组成部分。就像很多精神疾病一样，疾病模式并不适合。霍维茨概述说，人格深受社会、政治和历史条件的影响。这使它成为各种学科研究和主张的公平游戏，同时也很难确定规范。传统的测试也很难对其进行研究：比如智商测试，有一个内在的动机就是要把它做对。这与人格测试并无太大区别，只是 "做对 "本身取决于测试者认为什么是最好的结果。这是一种基于环境的动机方法：如果你想要一份工作（或想摆脱一份工作），你就会据此来确定你的答案。即使在测试与结果无关的情况下，答案也反映了应试者认为自己的真实情况，而不是实际情况。人格很难测量，也很难确定人格在哪里停止，失调在哪里开始。经典的医学模式将疾病及其症状理解为被折磨的个体之上的一层，与之不同的是，人格，无论是否失调，都是个体。人格作为一个类别和实体，不仅在社会和文化上具有深刻的偶然性，在人格 "出错 "时也是如此。但是，正如霍维茨所展示的，只有了解了人格本身的历史，我们才能真正理解这一点。本书以对古代的回顾开篇，然后（以相当快的速度）进入十九世纪，出现了研究心灵的系统体系。虽然这其中有一些是经典的心灵史叙事，但霍维茨将重点放在人格障碍上，将其作为组织主线，为从弗洛伊德（到 DSM 1-5）的膈轮学带来了一个全新且非常有用的视角。本书在讲述人格史的同时，还对心理学史进行了引人入胜的讨论，从定量方法到精神分析方法，从社会方法到新弗洛伊德方法，对心灵和自我进行了研究。霍维茨以引人入胜、通俗易懂的方式展示了这些方法中的每一种，它们都源于特定的历史和文化事件，并与之深深交织在一起。本书...
{"title":"Personality Disorders: A Short History of Narcissistic, Borderline, Antisocial, and Other Types by Allan V. Horwitz (review)","authors":"Sharrona Pearl","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2024.a929788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2024.a929788","url":null,"abstract":"<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Personality Disorders: A Short History of Narcissistic, Borderline, Antisocial, and Other Types</em> by Allan V. Horwitz <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Sharrona Pearl </li> </ul> Allan V. Horwitz. <em>Personality Disorders: A Short History of Narcissistic, Borderline, Antisocial, and Other Types</em>. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2023. xii + 227 pp. $35.00 (978-1-4214-4610-3). <p>Here's a pro tip: if you want someone to review your book, be sure to include \"short\" in the title. Read a short history of a compelling topic in my field? Sign. Me. Up. I didn't, I admit, stop to reflect too closely on what \"short\" might mean in the context of <em>A Brief History of Personality Disorders</em>. It could mean the book is short, or the history is short, or (stretching a grammatical point) the history of personality disorders is itself, relative to history as a whole, short. Spoiler alert: it's not the first one. The book itself isn't, on the scale of academic-trade writing, particularly short, at 227 pages. What \"short\" means here is more like synthetic, or sweeping, or broad: this is an overview not just of personality disorders, but personality as a whole, and, indeed, disorders as a (culturally contingent) category. That's a lot to squeeze in; no wonder it isn't actually all that short, and to be honest, I'm glad it's not.</p> <p>The book is in fact a bit breathless: a race (or at least a jog) through a couple of hundred years of history (and a look back to antiquity, as one does) to discuss not just the history of personality disorders, but indeed the history of both personality and disorders. If that means that the actual disorders get … errr … short shrift, it's worth it: as Horwitz compellingly explains, personality disorders are a particularly complicated category both as an entity, and indeed as individual components. As is true for a lot of mental illness, disease models simply do not fit. It's more acute in this case: personality, Horwitz outlines, is deeply shaped by social, political, and historical conditions. That makes it fair game for a variety of disciplines to study and claim, and at the same time, hard to determine norms. It's also really hard to study in traditional tests: with, say, IQ tests, there is an internal motivation to get it right. That's not that different to personality tests, except that \"getting it right\" is itself contingent on what the test-taker believes to be the best outcome. It's a motivated approach based on circumstance: if you want a job (or to get out of a job) you'll frame your answers accordingly. And even in cases where the test is untethered to an outcome, the answers reflect what the test-taker believes to be true about themselves rather than what might actually be the case. Personality is hard to measure, and it's hard to determine where a personality stops and a disorder starts. Unlike the classic medical model, which understands","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141520461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2024.a929790
Jonathan D. Riddle
<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Food Faiths: Diet, Religion, and the Science of Spiritual Eating</em> by Catherine L. Newell <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Jonathan D. Riddle </li> </ul> Catherine L. Newell. <em>Food Faiths: Diet, Religion, and the Science of Spiritual Eating</em>. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books, 2023. ix + 253 pp. ( 978-1-79362-006-4). <p>Critics of diet and exercise cultures often complain that people treat their health practices like religions. They intend this observation as a critique. Comparison to religion in this context implies that devotees demonstrate excessive zeal for their lifestyles, expect too much from mere regimen, and, especially, engage in unwelcome proselytization. In <em>Food Faiths: Diet, Religion, and the Science of Spiritual Eating</em>, historian Catherine L. Newell rejects this dismissive attitude and takes the resemblance between diets and religion seriously, exploring where food-focused lifestyles fit into the history of religion in the United States and how they operate as spiritual practices today.</p> <p>Newell begins by situating the diets she denominates food faiths—veganism, Paleo, and various ancestral diets—within sociological conceptions of religious change in the last half century. According to the framework proposed by Robert Wuthnow and others, American believers moved from faiths focused on "dwelling" (p. 19) in traditions and institutions in the mid-twentieth century to "seeking" (p. 20) new forms of extra-institutional spirituality during the counter-culture years. Now, following the rise of the religiously unaffiliated, many believers simply focus on cultivating a "spiritual practice" (p. 22).<sup>1</sup> Food faiths fit into this final stage, Newell argues. Here she proposes a secularization narrative. For as much as we should understand dieting as "a new form of spiritual practice" (p. 24), this practice derives not from belief in deities or scriptures but from belief in science. Dieting is not so much <em>like</em> religion; it has <em>replaced</em> religion, becoming "secular theology for the science-minded" (p. 14).</p> <p>In the next two chapters—the longest of the book—Newell offers a detailed history of diet-based lifestyles from the health reform movement of Sylvester Graham in the early nineteenth century to the debates between Ancel Keys and John Yudkin over the lipid hypothesis in the late twentieth century. Secularization again provides the framework. While antebellum health reformers urged Americans to adopt abstemious diets as part of the divine plan for material and spiritual flourishing, late twentieth-century Atkins dieters followed the dictates of science in pursuit of bodily health and beauty. The turning point in this transition, Newell argues, came in the early twentieth century with John Harvey Kellogg. Kellogg began promoting healthy lifestyles at the Battle Creek Sanitarium as an extension of his Seventh-day Adventist faith, but, wh
{"title":"Food Faiths: Diet, Religion, and the Science of Spiritual Eating by Catherine L. Newell (review)","authors":"Jonathan D. Riddle","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2024.a929790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2024.a929790","url":null,"abstract":"<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Food Faiths: Diet, Religion, and the Science of Spiritual Eating</em> by Catherine L. Newell <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Jonathan D. Riddle </li> </ul> Catherine L. Newell. <em>Food Faiths: Diet, Religion, and the Science of Spiritual Eating</em>. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books, 2023. ix + 253 pp. ( 978-1-79362-006-4). <p>Critics of diet and exercise cultures often complain that people treat their health practices like religions. They intend this observation as a critique. Comparison to religion in this context implies that devotees demonstrate excessive zeal for their lifestyles, expect too much from mere regimen, and, especially, engage in unwelcome proselytization. In <em>Food Faiths: Diet, Religion, and the Science of Spiritual Eating</em>, historian Catherine L. Newell rejects this dismissive attitude and takes the resemblance between diets and religion seriously, exploring where food-focused lifestyles fit into the history of religion in the United States and how they operate as spiritual practices today.</p> <p>Newell begins by situating the diets she denominates food faiths—veganism, Paleo, and various ancestral diets—within sociological conceptions of religious change in the last half century. According to the framework proposed by Robert Wuthnow and others, American believers moved from faiths focused on \"dwelling\" (p. 19) in traditions and institutions in the mid-twentieth century to \"seeking\" (p. 20) new forms of extra-institutional spirituality during the counter-culture years. Now, following the rise of the religiously unaffiliated, many believers simply focus on cultivating a \"spiritual practice\" (p. 22).<sup>1</sup> Food faiths fit into this final stage, Newell argues. Here she proposes a secularization narrative. For as much as we should understand dieting as \"a new form of spiritual practice\" (p. 24), this practice derives not from belief in deities or scriptures but from belief in science. Dieting is not so much <em>like</em> religion; it has <em>replaced</em> religion, becoming \"secular theology for the science-minded\" (p. 14).</p> <p>In the next two chapters—the longest of the book—Newell offers a detailed history of diet-based lifestyles from the health reform movement of Sylvester Graham in the early nineteenth century to the debates between Ancel Keys and John Yudkin over the lipid hypothesis in the late twentieth century. Secularization again provides the framework. While antebellum health reformers urged Americans to adopt abstemious diets as part of the divine plan for material and spiritual flourishing, late twentieth-century Atkins dieters followed the dictates of science in pursuit of bodily health and beauty. The turning point in this transition, Newell argues, came in the early twentieth century with John Harvey Kellogg. Kellogg began promoting healthy lifestyles at the Battle Creek Sanitarium as an extension of his Seventh-day Adventist faith, but, wh","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141531437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2024.a929791
Jordan Katz
<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Ma'ase Tuviya (Venice 1708): Tuviya on Medicine and Science</em> ed. by Kenneth Collins, Samuel Kottek, and Helena Paavilainen <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Jordan Katz </li> </ul> Kenneth Collins, Samuel Kottek, and Helena Paavilainen, eds. <em>Ma'ase Tuviya (Venice 1708): Tuviya on Medicine and Science</em>. Jerusalem: Ludwig Mayer, 2021. 299 pp. Ill. $58.90 ( 978-965-92493-1-2). <p>Tuviya Cohen was arguably the most famous Jewish physician of the early modern period. Born in Metz, France, in 1652, Cohen was the son of Moses Cohen Narol, a Polish émigré who fled the 1648–49 Khmelnytsky massacres and served for a time as the chief rabbi of Metz. After spending his formative years in Poland, Tuviya studied in the university of Frankfurt an der Oder and later in Padua, where he eventually earned his medical degree alongside other Jewish students.</p> <p>Much of what we know of Tuviya's life is drawn from his magnum opus, <em>Ma'ase Tuviya</em> (Venice, 1708), a Hebrew encyclopedia of natural sciences, theology, pharmacology, and medicine. It is this work that constitutes the seed text for the articles collected in <em>Ma'ase Tuviya (Venice 1708): Tuviya on Medicine and Science</em>. Regrettably little information about Tuviya's life trajectory exists outside this text, aside from a few scant letters published by the late nineteenth-century scholar David Kaufmann. This makes the text of <em>Ma'ase Tuviya</em> all the more enticing as a primary source, as much for its insights about early modern Jewish engagement with science and medicine as for the biographical information about its author.</p> <p>Edited by Kenneth Collins, Samuel Kottek, and Helena Paavilainen, with a foreword by Fred Rosner, this volume consists of eight articles concerning different aspects of Tuviya Cohen's <em>Ma'ase Tuviya</em>, in addition to an appendix containing translated excerpts of Cohen's text. Some components of these pieces were previously published in a special issue of <em>Korot: The Israeli Journal of the History of Medicine and Science</em>, of which Kottek and Collins have both served as editors. On top of this, one article by Samuel Kottek centers on the German-Jewish physician Fritz Kahn. Kottek notes that the editors deemed it worthy of inclusion in the book "in view of, and in comparison to, Tuviya's illustration of the human body delineated as a house," a curious claim given that it is difficult to discern a tangible connection between Kahn's illustrations and Tuviya's earlier work.</p> <p>The volume's first article, "Tuviya Cohen and His Medical Studies," by Collins, presents an overview of Tuviya's medical education and his interaction with other Jewish students at the University of Padua. This essay is followed by a piece by Kottek, which attempts to place Tuviya Cohen's work in context primarily by identifying his work's citations. The article makes several observations about what the text
评论者： Ma'ase Tuviya（威尼斯，1708 年）：Tuviya on Medicine and Science，Kenneth Collins、Samuel Kottek 和 Helena Paavilainen 编辑 Jordan Katz Kenneth Collins、Samuel Kottek 和 Helena Paavilainen 编辑。Ma'ase Tuviya（1708 年，威尼斯）：图维亚论医学与科学》。耶路撒冷：路德维希-迈尔，2021 年。299 pp.插图，58.90 美元（978-965-92493-1-2）。图维亚-科恩可以说是现代早期最著名的犹太医生。科恩于 1652 年出生于法国梅斯，是摩西-科恩-纳罗尔（Moses Cohen Narol）的儿子，纳罗尔是波兰移民，曾在 1648-49 年赫梅利尼茨基大屠杀中逃难，并一度担任梅斯的首席拉比。在波兰度过成长期后，图维亚先后在奥得河畔法兰克福大学和帕多瓦大学学习，并最终与其他犹太学生一起获得了医学学位。我们对图维雅生平的了解大多来自他的巨著《Ma'ase Tuviya》（威尼斯，1708 年），这是一部希伯来语百科全书，内容包括自然科学、神学、药理学和医学。Ma'ase Tuviya》（威尼斯，1708 年）中所收文章的原始文本正是这部著作：Tuviya 论医学和科学》中所收文章的原始文本。令人遗憾的是，除了 19 世纪晚期学者大卫-考夫曼（David Kaufmann）发表的几封书信外，关于图维亚生平轨迹的信息很少。这使得《Ma'ase Tuviya》一书作为原始资料更加诱人，因为它不仅提供了有关作者的传记信息，还提供了有关早期现代犹太人参与科学和医学的见解。本卷由肯尼斯-柯林斯、塞缪尔-科特克和海伦娜-帕维莱宁编辑，弗雷德-罗斯纳作序，包括八篇文章，涉及图维亚-科恩的《Ma'ase Tuviya》的不同方面，此外还有一个附录，包含科恩文本的翻译节选。这些文章的部分内容曾发表在 Korot 特刊上：Korot: The Israeli Journal of the History of Medicine and Science》特刊上发表，科特克和柯林斯都曾担任该特刊的编辑。此外，Samuel Kottek 的一篇文章以德裔犹太医生弗里茨-卡恩（Fritz Kahn）为中心。Kottek 指出，"考虑到图维亚将人体描绘成房屋的插图，并与之进行比较"，编辑们认为这篇文章值得收录到书中，这种说法很奇怪，因为很难在卡恩的插图和图维亚的早期作品之间找出具体的联系。卷首文章 "图维亚-科恩和他的医学研究 "由柯林斯撰写，概述了图维亚的医学教育以及他在帕多瓦大学与其他犹太学生的互动。这篇文章之后是 Kottek 撰写的一篇文章，文章主要通过识别图维亚-科恩作品的引文，试图将其作品置于上下文中。文章对文本所揭示的内容提出了一些看法，但对这些信息的含义缺乏总体性的论证或解释。这篇文章之后是沙洛姆-萨巴尔（Shalom Sabar）关于《Ma'ase Tuviya》中插图的文章。萨巴尔的文章更多的是描述而非论证，他挖掘出了有关图维亚合作过的艺术家和雕刻师的有趣信息，以及他的书 [尾页 164]在布拉加迪纳 Stamparia 出版的信息。遗憾的是，我们对这些合作的实际运作情况知之甚少。最有趣的是萨巴尔对图维亚作者肖像的处理，图维亚在肖像中展示了自己手持地球仪和其他物品的形象，旨在标榜自己的科学权威。爱德华-雷克曼的 "一个伪造者的自白 "虽然采用了一种非常规的方式（问题是，如果一个人想伪造图维亚尚未被发现的医学文凭，应该包括哪些形式元素），但其中包含了精美的彩色文凭复制品，这些文凭属于与图维亚一起在帕多瓦学习的学生。除了描述文凭的标准形式外，这篇文章还提供了与图维亚在帕多瓦大学就读时间重叠的犹太学生的目录。杰里米-布朗（Jeremy Brown）的文章《比较与对照中的图维亚-科恩医学》将图维亚定位为其犹太成长经历和医学教育的产物，展示了他的世界观如何反映了当时流传的更广泛的思想模式。艾蒂安-勒皮卡尔的 "陈年旧酒 "一书，则是他的 "医学之父 "图维亚-科恩的代表作。
{"title":"Ma'ase Tuviya (Venice 1708): Tuviya on Medicine and Science ed. by Kenneth Collins, Samuel Kottek, and Helena Paavilainen (review)","authors":"Jordan Katz","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2024.a929791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2024.a929791","url":null,"abstract":"<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Ma'ase Tuviya (Venice 1708): Tuviya on Medicine and Science</em> ed. by Kenneth Collins, Samuel Kottek, and Helena Paavilainen <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Jordan Katz </li> </ul> Kenneth Collins, Samuel Kottek, and Helena Paavilainen, eds. <em>Ma'ase Tuviya (Venice 1708): Tuviya on Medicine and Science</em>. Jerusalem: Ludwig Mayer, 2021. 299 pp. Ill. $58.90 ( 978-965-92493-1-2). <p>Tuviya Cohen was arguably the most famous Jewish physician of the early modern period. Born in Metz, France, in 1652, Cohen was the son of Moses Cohen Narol, a Polish émigré who fled the 1648–49 Khmelnytsky massacres and served for a time as the chief rabbi of Metz. After spending his formative years in Poland, Tuviya studied in the university of Frankfurt an der Oder and later in Padua, where he eventually earned his medical degree alongside other Jewish students.</p> <p>Much of what we know of Tuviya's life is drawn from his magnum opus, <em>Ma'ase Tuviya</em> (Venice, 1708), a Hebrew encyclopedia of natural sciences, theology, pharmacology, and medicine. It is this work that constitutes the seed text for the articles collected in <em>Ma'ase Tuviya (Venice 1708): Tuviya on Medicine and Science</em>. Regrettably little information about Tuviya's life trajectory exists outside this text, aside from a few scant letters published by the late nineteenth-century scholar David Kaufmann. This makes the text of <em>Ma'ase Tuviya</em> all the more enticing as a primary source, as much for its insights about early modern Jewish engagement with science and medicine as for the biographical information about its author.</p> <p>Edited by Kenneth Collins, Samuel Kottek, and Helena Paavilainen, with a foreword by Fred Rosner, this volume consists of eight articles concerning different aspects of Tuviya Cohen's <em>Ma'ase Tuviya</em>, in addition to an appendix containing translated excerpts of Cohen's text. Some components of these pieces were previously published in a special issue of <em>Korot: The Israeli Journal of the History of Medicine and Science</em>, of which Kottek and Collins have both served as editors. On top of this, one article by Samuel Kottek centers on the German-Jewish physician Fritz Kahn. Kottek notes that the editors deemed it worthy of inclusion in the book \"in view of, and in comparison to, Tuviya's illustration of the human body delineated as a house,\" a curious claim given that it is difficult to discern a tangible connection between Kahn's illustrations and Tuviya's earlier work.</p> <p>The volume's first article, \"Tuviya Cohen and His Medical Studies,\" by Collins, presents an overview of Tuviya's medical education and his interaction with other Jewish students at the University of Padua. This essay is followed by a piece by Kottek, which attempts to place Tuviya Cohen's work in context primarily by identifying his work's citations. The article makes several observations about what the text","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141531424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2024.a929792
Golfo Alexopoulos
<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Soviet Nightingales: Care Under Communism</em> by Susan Grant <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Golfo Alexopoulos </li> </ul> Susan Grant. <em>Soviet Nightingales: Care Under Communism</em>. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 2022. 336 pp. Ill. $24.95 (978-1-5017-6259-8). <p>In this brilliant, deeply researched, and beautifully written book, Susan Grant seeks to "show that nurses were crucial symbols of the new Soviet state" (p. 3). The author draws from a variety of sources: archives in Russia (Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Sochi, and Tambov) as well as Ukraine, the United Kingdom, and the United States. She uses a range of Soviet periodicals and newspapers, films and photographs, and other material to produce a compelling and important work.</p> <p>What is really different about Soviet nurses? The Soviet state prioritized the ideological and political role of nurses alongside their role to care for and administer to the sick. Soviet "health authorities worried about the social and class background" of medical workers (p. 77) and stressed the importance of "training ideologically reliable workers" (p. 100). The problems in health care reflected the problems of Soviet society generally, such as economic realities of shortage and informality (bribes, tips, etc.).</p> <p>One of the great strengths of the book is that it provides a history of the Soviet Union through the lens of health care. In the years that coincided with Stalinist repression and hunt for enemies, medical workers like other ordinary citizens were denounced, investigated, arrested, and even executed. During the war, medical workers faced deteriorating conditions. "By late 1941 and 1942, measles, typhus, and other diseases spread eastward along evacuation routes. … By 1943 and 1944, medical workers had to cope with vast numbers suffering from starvation and tuberculosis" (p. 145). Soviet authorities focused nurse training on the country's unique health care problems, such as high levels of infant mortality and tuberculosis. In the Soviet Union because there was a spectrum of middle- and junior-level medical workers that were typically lumped together, "nurses, feldshers, and doctors worked together, and their roles often overlapped" (p. 74).</p> <p>Although the Soviet context was unique in many ways, in other ways it was not. One common feature of Soviet nursing was that women dominated the nursing profession. The state's gendered discourse stressed the need for "care" and "compassion" and for medical workers to have "maternal" sensibilities, while male doctors often looked down upon nurses and diminished their value. The Soviet state paid them less too: "Efforts to place women on a par with men did not always play out in practice. Conservatism was still entrenched at state and societal levels" (p. 97).</p> <p>Moreover, in the Soviet Union, the United States, and elsewhere, rural areas were underserved because few medical
{"title":"Soviet Nightingales: Care Under Communism by Susan Grant (review)","authors":"Golfo Alexopoulos","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2024.a929792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2024.a929792","url":null,"abstract":"<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Soviet Nightingales: Care Under Communism</em> by Susan Grant <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Golfo Alexopoulos </li> </ul> Susan Grant. <em>Soviet Nightingales: Care Under Communism</em>. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 2022. 336 pp. Ill. $24.95 (978-1-5017-6259-8). <p>In this brilliant, deeply researched, and beautifully written book, Susan Grant seeks to \"show that nurses were crucial symbols of the new Soviet state\" (p. 3). The author draws from a variety of sources: archives in Russia (Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Sochi, and Tambov) as well as Ukraine, the United Kingdom, and the United States. She uses a range of Soviet periodicals and newspapers, films and photographs, and other material to produce a compelling and important work.</p> <p>What is really different about Soviet nurses? The Soviet state prioritized the ideological and political role of nurses alongside their role to care for and administer to the sick. Soviet \"health authorities worried about the social and class background\" of medical workers (p. 77) and stressed the importance of \"training ideologically reliable workers\" (p. 100). The problems in health care reflected the problems of Soviet society generally, such as economic realities of shortage and informality (bribes, tips, etc.).</p> <p>One of the great strengths of the book is that it provides a history of the Soviet Union through the lens of health care. In the years that coincided with Stalinist repression and hunt for enemies, medical workers like other ordinary citizens were denounced, investigated, arrested, and even executed. During the war, medical workers faced deteriorating conditions. \"By late 1941 and 1942, measles, typhus, and other diseases spread eastward along evacuation routes. … By 1943 and 1944, medical workers had to cope with vast numbers suffering from starvation and tuberculosis\" (p. 145). Soviet authorities focused nurse training on the country's unique health care problems, such as high levels of infant mortality and tuberculosis. In the Soviet Union because there was a spectrum of middle- and junior-level medical workers that were typically lumped together, \"nurses, feldshers, and doctors worked together, and their roles often overlapped\" (p. 74).</p> <p>Although the Soviet context was unique in many ways, in other ways it was not. One common feature of Soviet nursing was that women dominated the nursing profession. The state's gendered discourse stressed the need for \"care\" and \"compassion\" and for medical workers to have \"maternal\" sensibilities, while male doctors often looked down upon nurses and diminished their value. The Soviet state paid them less too: \"Efforts to place women on a par with men did not always play out in practice. Conservatism was still entrenched at state and societal levels\" (p. 97).</p> <p>Moreover, in the Soviet Union, the United States, and elsewhere, rural areas were underserved because few medical ","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141531425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-22DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2023.a922715
Bianca Premo
<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Bedlam in the New World: A Mexican Madhouse in the Age of Enlightenment</em> by Christina Ramos <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Bianca Premo </li> </ul> Christina Ramos. <em>Bedlam in the New World: A Mexican Madhouse in the Age of Enlightenment</em>. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2022. xvi + 254 pp. Ill. $34.95 (978-1-4696-6657-0). <p>This compelling book about a madhouse in colonial Mexico City is described by its author as a "microhistory," but it has "macro" implications. Never overreaching her evidence, Christina Ramos traces in five chapters the colonial history of <strong>[End Page 646]</strong> the San Hipólito hospital, run by the male religious nursing order of the same name, over the arc of Spanish rule of mainland Latin America, from the sixteenth century through the nineteenth. With fascinating examples drawn from short medical case histories, longer Inquisition and secular criminal cases, and institutional records, the book shows how focusing on Mexico City's "bedlam"—the first such institution in the New World, established by a former conquistador in the 1560s—can change inherited narratives about the confinement of the insane, colonial medicine and science, and the Enlightenment.</p> <p>Historians of madness have long struggled to humanize those considered insane, and this book certainly approaches San Hipólito's patients with historical care. The book adds dimension not only to the "mad" but also to those who determined sanity, including Inquisitors, secular judges, and physicians. As Michel Foucault might have predicted, the late eighteenth century was a pivotal moment in the history of madness in Mexico. Nevertheless, Ramos repeatedly underscores that this was not because of some grand design to confine and secularize, as in narratives of the advent of modern psychiatry. Rather, Iberian notions of charity and care for souls motivated the founding of the hospital and, to some extent, reforms initiated during the so-called Bourbon era in the 1700s. It was under viceregal Enlightened policy that the hospital was revived, occupying a new building whose beautiful exterior concealed a fairly gnarly interior. Though the mission of the religious order was to tend to the "poor demented," the book shines a light on dank physical conditions of the hospital and the troubled, if sometimes darkly humorous, inner lives of those confined within it. These were horrifying enough that at least one faker of madness seeking to avoid criminal punishment regretted his ruse. Thus, the book asks readers to hold two thoughts at once: colonial officials and priests could both care for the insane and neglect or fear them because of their disorderly behaviors.</p> <p>Physicians were not the major players of this history of insanity until they were increasingly—if still sporadically—brought into the process of determining which transgressors of social norms should be medically
{"title":"Bedlam in the New World: A Mexican Madhouse in the Age of Enlightenment by Christina Ramos (review)","authors":"Bianca Premo","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2023.a922715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a922715","url":null,"abstract":"<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Bedlam in the New World: A Mexican Madhouse in the Age of Enlightenment</em> by Christina Ramos <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Bianca Premo </li> </ul> Christina Ramos. <em>Bedlam in the New World: A Mexican Madhouse in the Age of Enlightenment</em>. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2022. xvi + 254 pp. Ill. $34.95 (978-1-4696-6657-0). <p>This compelling book about a madhouse in colonial Mexico City is described by its author as a \"microhistory,\" but it has \"macro\" implications. Never overreaching her evidence, Christina Ramos traces in five chapters the colonial history of <strong>[End Page 646]</strong> the San Hipólito hospital, run by the male religious nursing order of the same name, over the arc of Spanish rule of mainland Latin America, from the sixteenth century through the nineteenth. With fascinating examples drawn from short medical case histories, longer Inquisition and secular criminal cases, and institutional records, the book shows how focusing on Mexico City's \"bedlam\"—the first such institution in the New World, established by a former conquistador in the 1560s—can change inherited narratives about the confinement of the insane, colonial medicine and science, and the Enlightenment.</p> <p>Historians of madness have long struggled to humanize those considered insane, and this book certainly approaches San Hipólito's patients with historical care. The book adds dimension not only to the \"mad\" but also to those who determined sanity, including Inquisitors, secular judges, and physicians. As Michel Foucault might have predicted, the late eighteenth century was a pivotal moment in the history of madness in Mexico. Nevertheless, Ramos repeatedly underscores that this was not because of some grand design to confine and secularize, as in narratives of the advent of modern psychiatry. Rather, Iberian notions of charity and care for souls motivated the founding of the hospital and, to some extent, reforms initiated during the so-called Bourbon era in the 1700s. It was under viceregal Enlightened policy that the hospital was revived, occupying a new building whose beautiful exterior concealed a fairly gnarly interior. Though the mission of the religious order was to tend to the \"poor demented,\" the book shines a light on dank physical conditions of the hospital and the troubled, if sometimes darkly humorous, inner lives of those confined within it. These were horrifying enough that at least one faker of madness seeking to avoid criminal punishment regretted his ruse. Thus, the book asks readers to hold two thoughts at once: colonial officials and priests could both care for the insane and neglect or fear them because of their disorderly behaviors.</p> <p>Physicians were not the major players of this history of insanity until they were increasingly—if still sporadically—brought into the process of determining which transgressors of social norms should be medically ","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"307 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-22DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2023.a922710
<p> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> American Association for the History of Medicine:<span>Report of the Ninety-Sixth Annual Meeting</span> <!-- /html_title --></li> </ul> <p>The American Association for the History of Medicine held its ninety-sixth annual meeting, May 11–14, 2023. The following summary has been prepared by Jodi L. Koste and is intended for the information of the members of the association. The official minutes and reports are preserved in the Office of the Secretary. The final meeting program, featuring the titles of the papers and the names of all the presenters, may be found on the AAHM website at https://histmed.org/meetings.html.</p> <h2>Minutes of the Annual Meeting of the Council of the American Association for the History of Medicine, Inc</h2> <p>May 11, 2023</p> <p>The regular meeting of the AAHM Council was held in conjunction with the ninety-sixth annual meeting and called to order by President Barron Lerner at 1:15 p.m. in the Vanderbilt Room of the Kensington Hotel in Ann Arbor, Michigan. All officers were present and all members of council except Projit Mukharji attended. There was one correction to the published 2022 annual meeting of council as published in the <em>Bulletin of the History of Medicine</em>, vol. 95, no. 4 pp. 661–99. On page 664 the first line in the first paragraph should read: "The HMF has six separate accounts. Their year-end balances for December 30, <strong>2021</strong>." Council then approved the amended minutes. Council reviewed, discussed, and accepted the <strong>[End Page 658]</strong> reports of the secretary, treasurer, and the association's standing committees. Council discussed and passed motions on the issues summarized on p. 662.</p> <h2>Report of the Secretary</h2> <p>AAHM Council continued the practice of regularly meeting by Zoom throughout the year. The council members met June 13, 2022; August 31, 2022; September 29, 2022; December 6, 2022; January 19, 2023; February 23, 2023; March 24, 2023; and April 26, 2023 to address issues related to the governance of the association and its programs. Major issues addressed throughout the year were the continuing Centennial Campaign, operationalizing the Anti-Racism Statement, considering a Land Acknowledgement statement, reviewing a proposal for a biography prize, seeking a new candidate for the office of secretary, and enhancing a proposal from the Ann Arbor Local Arrangements Committee for a virtual component for the 2023 annual meeting. Council formed a subcommittee led by Vice-President Mary Fissell to search for a new secretary and issued a call for nominations. The subcommittee received four applications, interviewed two candidates, and submitted one recommendation to council for approval. Council endorsed the recommendation, and sent the name of the candidate to the Nominating Committee.</p> <p>As in past years, the office of the secretary continued to provide support for all of the council's initiatives and accepted submissions for
{"title":"American Association for the History of Medicine: Report of the Ninety-Sixth Annual Meeting","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2023.a922710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a922710","url":null,"abstract":"<p> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> American Association for the History of Medicine:<span>Report of the Ninety-Sixth Annual Meeting</span> <!-- /html_title --></li> </ul> <p>The American Association for the History of Medicine held its ninety-sixth annual meeting, May 11–14, 2023. The following summary has been prepared by Jodi L. Koste and is intended for the information of the members of the association. The official minutes and reports are preserved in the Office of the Secretary. The final meeting program, featuring the titles of the papers and the names of all the presenters, may be found on the AAHM website at https://histmed.org/meetings.html.</p> <h2>Minutes of the Annual Meeting of the Council of the American Association for the History of Medicine, Inc</h2> <p>May 11, 2023</p> <p>The regular meeting of the AAHM Council was held in conjunction with the ninety-sixth annual meeting and called to order by President Barron Lerner at 1:15 p.m. in the Vanderbilt Room of the Kensington Hotel in Ann Arbor, Michigan. All officers were present and all members of council except Projit Mukharji attended. There was one correction to the published 2022 annual meeting of council as published in the <em>Bulletin of the History of Medicine</em>, vol. 95, no. 4 pp. 661–99. On page 664 the first line in the first paragraph should read: \"The HMF has six separate accounts. Their year-end balances for December 30, <strong>2021</strong>.\" Council then approved the amended minutes. Council reviewed, discussed, and accepted the <strong>[End Page 658]</strong> reports of the secretary, treasurer, and the association's standing committees. Council discussed and passed motions on the issues summarized on p. 662.</p> <h2>Report of the Secretary</h2> <p>AAHM Council continued the practice of regularly meeting by Zoom throughout the year. The council members met June 13, 2022; August 31, 2022; September 29, 2022; December 6, 2022; January 19, 2023; February 23, 2023; March 24, 2023; and April 26, 2023 to address issues related to the governance of the association and its programs. Major issues addressed throughout the year were the continuing Centennial Campaign, operationalizing the Anti-Racism Statement, considering a Land Acknowledgement statement, reviewing a proposal for a biography prize, seeking a new candidate for the office of secretary, and enhancing a proposal from the Ann Arbor Local Arrangements Committee for a virtual component for the 2023 annual meeting. Council formed a subcommittee led by Vice-President Mary Fissell to search for a new secretary and issued a call for nominations. The subcommittee received four applications, interviewed two candidates, and submitted one recommendation to council for approval. Council endorsed the recommendation, and sent the name of the candidate to the Nominating Committee.</p> <p>As in past years, the office of the secretary continued to provide support for all of the council's initiatives and accepted submissions for","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-22DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2023.a922720
Erik Heinrichs
<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Learned Physicians and Everyday Medical Practice in the Renaissance</em> by Michael Stolberg <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Erik Heinrichs </li> </ul> Michael Stolberg. <em>Learned Physicians and Everyday Medical Practice in the Renaissance</em>. Translated by Logan Kennedy and Leonhard Unglaub. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2022. xxvi + 616 pp. Ill. $118.99 (978-3-11-073835-3). <p>This important book stands out among early modern histories of medicine as a deep examination of medical practice and physicians' experiences in the sixteenth century. It is based on decades of scholarship into the immense personal writings of the Bohemian physician Georg Handsch (1529–78), who until recently has been a neglected figure of history. While Handsch's manuscript notes on his life and career are unique for their sheer volume (over four thousand pages), <strong>[End Page 644]</strong> Stolberg contextualizes this source with practice notes from other contemporary physicians. On the broader dimensions of a physician's career, the author turns to the biographies of many early modern physicians. Through these rich sources, Stolberg aims to establish what exactly a sixteenth-century physician did during his career as well as to correct myths that have dominated accounts of early modern physicians.</p> <p>Handsch's career is well suited to gain insight to medical practice in various social and cultural contexts. He grew up in Bohemia in a German-speaking family, studied at Padua and Ferrara, and practiced medicine in Prague and Innsbruck. As one of the court physicians to Archduke Ferdinand II of Austria, Handsch practiced alongside celebrated physicians, including Pietro Mattioli and Andrea Gallo. His notes from his student days also provide great insight to education at northern Italian universities, including on pivotal topics such as anatomy and botany. There Handsch studied or worked with many of the great medical men of the time, such as Giovanni Battista da Monte and Gabriele Falloppio.</p> <p>The heart of the book presents a broad examination of all aspects of sixteenth-century medical practice, from the nuts and bolts of a physician's career to methods of diagnosis and the vast array of treatments available. Stolberg joins recent historians to emphasize that physicians treated patients of all types—rich, poor, and middling, men, women, and children. They were sometimes difficult and non-compliant. Stolberg also adds to recent historians' views on how physicians sought to relate to their broad patient base within a shared medical culture. Namely, when explaining sickness physicians deemphasized humoral theory but used concepts of impurity and obstruction instead. Patients seem to have experienced their sick bodies most often in these terms—that corrupted matter somehow built up in the body, requiring treatments aimed at removing it. Stolberg presents many examples of such treatments and therapies in act
评论者 迈克尔-斯托尔伯格（Michael Stolberg）著《文艺复兴时期的博学医师和日常医疗实践》（Learned Physicians and Everyday Medical Practice in the Renaissance），埃里克-海因里希斯（Erik Heinrichs）译，迈克尔-斯托尔伯格（Michael Stolberg）著。文艺复兴时期的博学医师与日常医疗实践》。由 Logan Kennedy 和 Leonhard Unglaub 翻译。柏林：De Gruyter，2022 年。xxvi + 616 pp.插图，118.99 美元 (978-3-11-073835-3)。这本重要著作在早期现代医学史中脱颖而出，对 16 世纪的医疗实践和医生经验进行了深入研究。该书基于数十年来对波希米亚医生格奥尔格-汉施（1529-1528 年）大量个人著作的研究，直到最近，汉施一直是一个被历史忽视的人物。虽然汉施关于其生活和职业的手稿笔记因其数量之大（超过四千页）而独一无二，但 [第 644 页完] 斯托尔伯格将这一资料与其他当代医生的实践笔记相结合。关于医生职业生涯的更广泛层面，作者转向了许多早期现代医生的传记。通过这些丰富的资料，斯托尔贝格旨在确定 16 世纪的医生在其职业生涯中究竟做了些什么，并纠正在有关早期现代医生的描述中占主导地位的神话。汉施的职业生涯非常适合深入了解各种社会和文化背景下的医疗实践。他成长于波希米亚的一个德语家庭，曾在帕多瓦和费拉拉学习，并在布拉格和因斯布鲁克行医。作为奥地利大公斐迪南二世的御医之一，汉施与皮埃特罗-马蒂奥利和安德烈亚-加洛等著名医生一起行医。他学生时代的笔记也为意大利北部大学的教育，包括解剖学和植物学等重要课题提供了很好的见解。在那里，汉施曾与当时许多伟大的医学家一起学习或工作，如乔瓦尼-巴蒂斯塔-达蒙特（Giovanni Battista da Monte）和加布里埃尔-法洛皮奥（Gabriele Falloppio）。本书的核心部分对十六世纪医疗实践的各个方面进行了广泛的研究，从医生职业生涯的方方面面到诊断方法和大量可用的治疗手段。斯托尔伯格与近期的历史学家一起强调，医生要治疗各种类型的病人--富人、穷人、中产阶级、男人、女人和儿童。他们有时很难缠，也不服从治疗。斯托尔伯格还补充了近代历史学家的观点，即医生如何在共同的医学文化中寻求与广泛的病人群体建立联系。也就是说，在解释疾病时，医生不再强调体液理论，而是使用不洁和阻塞的概念。病人似乎最常从这些角度来感受他们生病的身体--身体里不知不觉积聚了腐败物质，需要通过治疗来清除这些物质。斯托尔贝格介绍了许多此类治疗和疗法的实例，包括它们出错时的情况。在奥地利法庭上，汉施记录了安德烈亚-加洛在给一名妇女服用强力泻药后，人们如何将她的死亡归咎于他。此外，汉施的笔记还让我们了解到社会各阶层的医疗活动。当然，其中的重点是奥地利宫廷的精英世界，包括斐迪南二世大公接受的特定治疗。此外，书中还介绍了流行的治疗方法，尤其是波希米亚和蒂罗尔地区的治疗方法。全书四分之一的篇幅用于理解疾病的概念和患者对这些疾病的体验，并采用了来自不同社会阶层的治疗师和患者的观点。斯托尔贝格根据历史术语对疾病进行了分类，如发烧、足癣、癌症、中风等。在这里，作者收集了大量实例来说明这些过去的疾病及其治疗方法，这些实例生动形象，有时甚至令人毛骨悚然。汉施的笔记再次提供了关于病人经历的深刻见解，包括汉施对自己疾病的看法，例如他患膀胱结石时的痛苦经历。关于法国疾病的部分揭示了奥地利宫廷性传播疾病的许多情况，包括宫廷医生之间的性传播疾病。另一个丰富多彩的段落讲述了一个 "微醉的理发师 "尝试拔牙时发生的故事（第 315 页）。[斯托尔贝格发现帕拉塞尔苏斯及其追随者在 16 世纪的影响有限。尽管帕拉塞尔苏斯的理论和神学......，但汉施对帕拉塞尔苏斯的药物和配方很感兴趣。
{"title":"Learned Physicians and Everyday Medical Practice in the Renaissance by Michael Stolberg (review)","authors":"Erik Heinrichs","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2023.a922720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a922720","url":null,"abstract":"<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Learned Physicians and Everyday Medical Practice in the Renaissance</em> by Michael Stolberg <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Erik Heinrichs </li> </ul> Michael Stolberg. <em>Learned Physicians and Everyday Medical Practice in the Renaissance</em>. Translated by Logan Kennedy and Leonhard Unglaub. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2022. xxvi + 616 pp. Ill. $118.99 (978-3-11-073835-3). <p>This important book stands out among early modern histories of medicine as a deep examination of medical practice and physicians' experiences in the sixteenth century. It is based on decades of scholarship into the immense personal writings of the Bohemian physician Georg Handsch (1529–78), who until recently has been a neglected figure of history. While Handsch's manuscript notes on his life and career are unique for their sheer volume (over four thousand pages), <strong>[End Page 644]</strong> Stolberg contextualizes this source with practice notes from other contemporary physicians. On the broader dimensions of a physician's career, the author turns to the biographies of many early modern physicians. Through these rich sources, Stolberg aims to establish what exactly a sixteenth-century physician did during his career as well as to correct myths that have dominated accounts of early modern physicians.</p> <p>Handsch's career is well suited to gain insight to medical practice in various social and cultural contexts. He grew up in Bohemia in a German-speaking family, studied at Padua and Ferrara, and practiced medicine in Prague and Innsbruck. As one of the court physicians to Archduke Ferdinand II of Austria, Handsch practiced alongside celebrated physicians, including Pietro Mattioli and Andrea Gallo. His notes from his student days also provide great insight to education at northern Italian universities, including on pivotal topics such as anatomy and botany. There Handsch studied or worked with many of the great medical men of the time, such as Giovanni Battista da Monte and Gabriele Falloppio.</p> <p>The heart of the book presents a broad examination of all aspects of sixteenth-century medical practice, from the nuts and bolts of a physician's career to methods of diagnosis and the vast array of treatments available. Stolberg joins recent historians to emphasize that physicians treated patients of all types—rich, poor, and middling, men, women, and children. They were sometimes difficult and non-compliant. Stolberg also adds to recent historians' views on how physicians sought to relate to their broad patient base within a shared medical culture. Namely, when explaining sickness physicians deemphasized humoral theory but used concepts of impurity and obstruction instead. Patients seem to have experienced their sick bodies most often in these terms—that corrupted matter somehow built up in the body, requiring treatments aimed at removing it. Stolberg presents many examples of such treatments and therapies in act","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-22DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2023.a922714
<p> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> Table of Contents<span>Volume 97</span> <!-- /html_title --></li> </ul> <p><strong>[End Page 697]</strong></p> <p><strong>[End Page 698]</strong></p> <table> <tr> <td colspan="2">F<small>orum</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Introduction: Revisiting the History of Abortion in the Wake of the <em>Dobbs</em> Decision / 1</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Kelly O'Donnell and Naomi Rogers</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">From <em>When Abortion Was a Crime</em> to Abortion <em>Is</em> a Crime / 11</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Leslie J. Reagan</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Writing the History of Legal Abortion / 22</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Johanna Schoen</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">A View from Northern Mexico: Abortions before <em>Roe v. Wade</em> / 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Lina-Maria Murillo</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><em>Dobbs</em> in Historical Context: The View from Indian Country / 39</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Brianna Theobald</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">"It Gives the Mother the Best Chance for Her Life": U.S. Catholic Health Care and the Treatment of Ectopic Pregnancy / 48</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Jessica Martucci</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Tech-ing the Trade: Notes on Reformulating Abortion and Its History / 57</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Kelly O'Donnell</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">A<small>rticles</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Once Bitten: Mosquito-Borne Malariotherapy and the Emergence of Ecological Malariology Within and Beyond Imperial Britain / 67</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Tom Quick</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">The Origins of Camphill and the Legacy of the Asylum in Disability History / 100</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Katherine Sorrels</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">"Heroin Mothers," "Methadone Babies," and the Medical Controversy over Methadone Maintenance in the Early 1970s / 127</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Ulrich Koch</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">I<small>n</small> C<small>onversation</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Reflecting on the Work and Career of Charles Rosenberg: Allan Brandt Interviews Charles Rosenberg / 181</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">A<small>rticles</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">The Many Colors of Excrement: Galen and the History of Chinese Phlegm / 197</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Natalie Köhle</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">"When I Think of It I Awfully Dread It": Conceptualizing Childbirth Pain in Early America / 227</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Nora Doyle</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Vaccination, Dispossession, and the Indigenous Interior / 255</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Seth Archer</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Prenatal Care in the Rural United States, 1912–1929 / 294</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Nicole Holding</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">The History of Psychiatric Epidemiology in Finland: From National Needs to International Arenas, 1900s–1990s / 321</td> </tr> <t
{"title":"Table of Contents: Volume 97","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2023.a922714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a922714","url":null,"abstract":"<p> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> Table of Contents<span>Volume 97</span> <!-- /html_title --></li> </ul> <p><strong>[End Page 697]</strong></p> <p><strong>[End Page 698]</strong></p> <table> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">F<small>orum</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">Introduction: Revisiting the History of Abortion in the Wake of the <em>Dobbs</em> Decision / 1</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Kelly O'Donnell and Naomi Rogers</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">From <em>When Abortion Was a Crime</em> to Abortion <em>Is</em> a Crime / 11</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Leslie J. Reagan</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">Writing the History of Legal Abortion / 22</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Johanna Schoen</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">A View from Northern Mexico: Abortions before <em>Roe v. Wade</em> / 30</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Lina-Maria Murillo</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\"><em>Dobbs</em> in Historical Context: The View from Indian Country / 39</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Brianna Theobald</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">\"It Gives the Mother the Best Chance for Her Life\": U.S. Catholic Health Care and the Treatment of Ectopic Pregnancy / 48</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Jessica Martucci</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">Tech-ing the Trade: Notes on Reformulating Abortion and Its History / 57</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Kelly O'Donnell</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">A<small>rticles</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">Once Bitten: Mosquito-Borne Malariotherapy and the Emergence of Ecological Malariology Within and Beyond Imperial Britain / 67</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Tom Quick</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">The Origins of Camphill and the Legacy of the Asylum in Disability History / 100</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Katherine Sorrels</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">\"Heroin Mothers,\" \"Methadone Babies,\" and the Medical Controversy over Methadone Maintenance in the Early 1970s / 127</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Ulrich Koch</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">I<small>n</small> C<small>onversation</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">Reflecting on the Work and Career of Charles Rosenberg: Allan Brandt Interviews Charles Rosenberg / 181</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">A<small>rticles</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">The Many Colors of Excrement: Galen and the History of Chinese Phlegm / 197</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Natalie Köhle</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">\"When I Think of It I Awfully Dread It\": Conceptualizing Childbirth Pain in Early America / 227</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Nora Doyle</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">Vaccination, Dispossession, and the Indigenous Interior / 255</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Seth Archer</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">Prenatal Care in the Rural United States, 1912–1929 / 294</td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Nicole Holding</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan=\"2\">The History of Psychiatric Epidemiology in Finland: From National Needs to International Arenas, 1900s–1990s / 321</td> </tr> <t","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"145 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：