Bulletin of the History of Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The Protein Gap: The Rise and Fall of a Charismatic Nutrient in International Public Health","authors":"Hannah F. LeBlanc","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2023.a922708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a922708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>summary:</p><p>From the early 1950s to the early 1970s, international nutritionists considered childhood protein malnutrition the world's most serious public health threat. By 1974, many believed that this \"protein gap\" had been exaggerated. Two questions remain: why protein, and why this period? Four converging developments created a network that maintained protein's \"charisma\": new food technology, a growing international health infrastructure, the nominal demise of eugenics, and new geopolitical priorities in a world shaped by both the Cold War and decolonization struggles. A transnational network of nutrition experts argued that protein deficiencies could explain bodily and population differences that would have, in an earlier era, been attributed to race or inheritance. Protein malnutrition could help explain \"backward\" economies and cultures, they claimed, and protein supplementation would help spur development. The protein gap theory thus framed difference in the language of modernization theory, but left intact older hierarchies of bodies, nations, and races.</p></p>","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Denied the Joys of Motherhood\": Infertility and Medicine in French Interwar Advice Columns","authors":"Margaret Andersen","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2023.a922707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a922707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>summary:</p><p>The interwar period was marked by developments in fertility medicine and intense concerns about the national birthrate in France. This article explores how physicians leading new specialized fertility clinics promoted the idea that their work treating infertility medically would produce more births for France. It also shows how women's magazines in the 1930s presented new treatment options to their female readership, offering them reassurance and medical advice. Women wrote into advice columns about their experiences with involuntary childlessness, sometimes expressing reluctance to seek fertility testing or continue recommended treatments. Prominent fertility specialists also contributed articles, complete with illustrations, explaining the medical causes of infertility and describing available treatments. These magazines conveyed the message that modern medicine, especially hormonal treatments, offered effective solutions for infertility. Consistent with the dominant pronatalist messages of the period, women were urged to accept medical solutions so they could assume the socially expected role of motherhood.</p></p>","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Spectacular Generic: Pharmaceuticals and the Simipolitical in Mexico by Cori Hayden (review)","authors":"David Herzberg","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2023.a922721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a922721","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Reviewed by:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;!-- html_title --&gt; &lt;em&gt;The Spectacular Generic: Pharmaceuticals and the Simipolitical in Mexico&lt;/em&gt;by Cori Hayden &lt;!-- /html_title --&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; David Herzberg &lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; Cori Hayden. &lt;em&gt;The Spectacular Generic: Pharmaceuticals and the Simipolitical in Mexico&lt;/em&gt;. Critical Global Health: Evidence, Efficacy, and Ethnography&lt;/article-title&gt;. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2023. xii + 244 pp. Ill. $26.95 (978-1-4780-1904-6). &lt;p&gt;What is a \"generic\" medicine? The term wants to signal an absence: no marketing, no branding, just a simple, bare, undifferentiated chemical. Yet as Cori Hayden explains in her brilliant book &lt;em&gt;The Spectacular Generic&lt;/em&gt;, claims to genericness are themselves a sort of brand—and a sort of science, and a sort of politics. What sort? Well, actually, lots of different sorts. \"Generic\" can mean an extraordinary number of things and accomplish many different kinds of work, depending who claims it, for what purposes, and in what historical context. In twenty-first-century Mexico, where &lt;em&gt;The Spectacular Generic&lt;/em&gt;is (mostly) set, claims of genericness have predominantly been made in the name of making health care more affordable, more accessible, fairer. As Hayden argues, this plan to fix capitalism's injustices with more capitalism extracts its own unpredictable, yet also all-too-predictable, costs. &lt;strong&gt;[End Page 654]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Hayden begins by exploding the most compelling claim of genericness: that it names the single, undifferentiated Platonic essence of a medicine lying beneath distinctions generated by marketing hype and other cultural enchantments. In turn-of-the-twenty-first-century Mexico, she points out, there were many types of generic medicines, each legitimated by a distinctive commercial and informational infrastructure. The Mexican government formally recognized two of them: chemically equivalent (\"generic\") medicines and bioequivalent (\"generic interchangeable\") medicines. Transnational pharmaceutical companies favored bioequivalence, Hayden explains, but not necessarily because it was a truer marker of sameness. Like chemical equivalence, bioequivalence is a human-designed validation system with its own arbitrary and often circular choices. How close do blood levels have to be to count as \"the same,\" for example? What do such comparisons even mean when original (branded) products themselves vary from batch to batch? Under international pressure, the Mexican government officially began to switch to bioequivalent generics and built up a drug testing infrastructure focused on measuring blood levels. At the same time, however, it also passively resisted the new regime by continuing to accept cheaper, chemically equivalent generics. Medicines, in other words, became \"generic\" only through contested processes that imbued them with (rather than stripping them of) distinctive commercial, scientific, and political significance.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Hayden next delves int","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Praise of the Ordinary: Shifting Knowledge and Practice in the Medical Use of Drinking Water in Italy, 1550–1750","authors":"David Gentilcore","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2023.a922706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a922706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>summary:</p><p>This article is conceived as a contribution to our increasing appreciation of the importance of water for drinking purposes in early modern culture. By analyzing the medical recommendations contained in the case histories and consultations of three prominent Italian doctors—Epifanio Ferdinando, Francesco Redi, and Francesco Torti—it provides evidence of shifting medical knowledge and practice in the use of drinking water. It traces how, as the medical philosophies shifted, so too did the medical use of drinking water, as both aliment (part of a healthy and healing diet) and medicament (part of therapy to treat specific diseases). The most significant finding regards the increasing appreciation and enthusiasm for the health benefits of drinking ordinary local waters, from the mid-seventeenth century. Any ordinary local water would do—as long as it was pure, of good quality, and reputable—overturning a long-standing hierarchy of waters inherited from the ancient world.</p></p>","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subject and Author Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2023.a922713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a922713","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;!-- html_title --&gt; Subject and Author Index &lt;!-- /html_title --&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;h2&gt;Volume 97&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Subject and Author Index&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Volume 97&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Pagination according to issues:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;No. 1 (Spring): 1–180&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;No. 2 (Summer): 181–368&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;No. 3 (Fall): 369–529&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;No. 4 (Winter): 531–701&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Abadía-Barrero, César Ernesto, &lt;em&gt;Health in Ruins: The Capitalist Destruction of Medical Care at a Colombian Maternity Hospital&lt;/em&gt;: 649–50&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Aberth, John, &lt;em&gt;Doctoring the Black Death, Medieval Europe's Medical Response to Plague&lt;/em&gt;: 157–58&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Addiction: methadone maintenance in 1970s U. S. (K&lt;small&gt;och&lt;/small&gt;): 127–56&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Africa: cancer and \"diseases of civilization\" (C&lt;small&gt;ochrane&lt;/small&gt; &amp; R&lt;small&gt;eubi&lt;/small&gt;): 423–55&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Allied health: minority recruitment in late 20&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; c. occupational and physical therapy (H&lt;small&gt;ogan&lt;/small&gt;): 614–40&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;American Indians: and vaccination in the 19&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; c. (A&lt;small&gt;rcher&lt;/small&gt;): 255–93&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Andersen, Margaret, \"'Denied the Joys of Motherhood': Infertility and Medicine in French Interwar Advice Columns,\" 560–84&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Archer, Seth, \"Vaccination, Dispossession, and the Indigenous Interior,\" 255–93&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Asylums, colony and village: origins of Camphill (S&lt;small&gt;orrels&lt;/small&gt;): 100–126&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Bamji, Alexandra, review by: 352–54&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Berrones, Jethro Hernández, review by: 162–63&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Blayney, Steffan, &lt;em&gt;Health and Efficiency: Fatigue, the Science of Work, and the Making of the Working-Class Body&lt;/em&gt;: 652–54&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Blockade treatment: and methadone maintenance in 1970s U. S. (K&lt;small&gt;och&lt;/small&gt;): 127–56&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Bond deregulation: and community health care in Arizona (P&lt;small&gt;ratcher&lt;/small&gt; II): 483–511&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Brandt, Allan, \"Reflecting on the Career of Charles Rosenberg: Allan Brandt Interviews Charles Rosenberg\" (I&lt;small&gt;n&lt;/small&gt; C&lt;small&gt;onversation&lt;/small&gt;): 181–96&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Breast cancer: development of \"hormone-dependent cancers\" (S&lt;small&gt;urita&lt;/small&gt;): 456–82&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Brenner, Elma, review by: 158–60&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Burridge, Claire, review by: 513–15&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Cancer: in Africa (C&lt;small&gt;ochrane&lt;/small&gt; &amp; R&lt;small&gt;eubi&lt;/small&gt;): 423–55&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Caquet, P. E., &lt;em&gt;Opium's Orphans: The 200-Year &lt;em&gt;History of the War on Drugs&lt;/em&gt;: 356–58&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Childbirth: pain in early America (D&lt;small&gt;oyle&lt;/small&gt;): 227–54; home births in Ireland, 1900–1950 (D&lt;small&gt;elay&lt;/small&gt;): 394–422&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Children's Bureau: prenatal care in the rural U.S., 1912–1929 (H&lt;small&gt;olding&lt;/small&gt;): 294–320&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;p&gt;Chinese medicine: Galen &amp; the history of Chinese phlegm (K&lt;small&gt;öhle&lt;/small&gt;): 197–226&lt;/p&gt;","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health in Ruins: The Capitalist Destruction of Medical Care at a Colombian Maternity Hospital by César Ernesto Abadía-Barrero (review)","authors":"Hanni Jalil","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2023.a922718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a922718","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt; &lt;span&gt;Reviewed by:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;!-- html_title --&gt; &lt;em&gt;Health in Ruins: The Capitalist Destruction of Medical Care at a Colombian Maternity Hospital&lt;/em&gt; by César Ernesto Abadía-Barrero &lt;!-- /html_title --&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; Hanni Jalil &lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; César Ernesto Abadía-Barrero. &lt;em&gt;Health in Ruins: The Capitalist Destruction of Medical Care at a Colombian Maternity Hospital&lt;/em&gt;. Experimental Futures. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2022. xxiv + 287 pp. Ill. $27.95 (978-1-4780-1893-3). &lt;p&gt;This past February, Colombian president Gustavo Petro shared the specifics of one of his administration's most significant goals—reforming the country's health care system. As proposed, the reform seeks to provide and guarantee universal coverage, promote primary care, and improve health care workers' rights and protections. As Colombians debate the reform inside Congress, on the streets, and in their homes, César Ernesto Abadía-Barrero's book provides a timely window into understanding the effects of neoliberal health care reforms in transforming medical practice and health care in this country. In describing this transformation, he has written a rich, multilayered, and collaborative ethnography of El Materno, the country's oldest maternity, neonatal health care center and teaching hospital, and one of the country's most visible symbols of the social pact that characterized the welfare state in Latin America in the second half of the twentieth century. The author defines this ethnographic exercise as a collective and political project, one that acknowledges the ethnographers' dual role as scientists and fellow citizens and that relies not on a single authorial voice but instead on a team of scholars and activists whose voices and experiences inform the book's arguments and contributions.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The history of El Materno, its workers, students, professors, and patients, illustrates the effects of market-based health care reforms on public institutions. But this is not a linear or neatly packaged story. Instead, it shows that while neoliberal reforms altered how we imagine health and medicine, physicians, nurses, staff, and patients at El Materno embodied and fought to preserve \"epistemologies of care\" that challenged market-based and for-profit logic. Abadía-Barrero and collaborators use the term \"epistemologies of care\" to describe \"how medical care is created, practiced, taught, experienced, researched, validated and confronted\" (p. 3). Through their analysis of the conflicts and tensions that arise when different \"epistemologies of care\" are confronted, we learn about the cultural norms and health care practices embodied by workers, students, and professors at El Materno and the ways they resisted the \"commodification of health\" (p. 4). &lt;em&gt;Health in Ruins&lt;/em&gt; shows how neoliberal health policies became hegemonic &lt;em&gt;and&lt;/em&gt; how they were continuously challenged and contested. As the book departs from a Gramscian understanding of hegemony as never comp","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Illness, Pain, and Health Care in Early Christianity by Helen Rhee (review)","authors":"Meg Leja","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2023.a922719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a922719","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt; &lt;span&gt;Reviewed by:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;!-- html_title --&gt; &lt;em&gt;Illness, Pain, and Health Care in Early Christianity&lt;/em&gt; by Helen Rhee &lt;!-- /html_title --&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; Meg Leja &lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; Helen Rhee. &lt;em&gt;Illness, Pain, and Health Care in Early Christianity&lt;/em&gt;. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2022. xvi + 352 pp. $49.99 (978-0-8028-7684-3). &lt;p&gt;Rhee tackles a complicated topic in this study of how early Christians developed their own narratives of illness and approaches to healing as they engaged with Greco-Roman philosophical writings and rational medical traditions. In this, she builds on her previous books, which examine the formation of Christian communities in the late Roman Empire, focusing in particular on questions of poverty and wealth.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The book's structure is clearly conveyed in the title, with five chapters that cover illness, pain, and health care in either \"Greco-Roman\" or \"early Christian\" culture. Chapter 1 treats understandings of disease and health in Greek and Latin works by Hippocrates, Plato, Galen, Plutarch, Aelius Aristides, and Marcus Aurelius, while chapter 2 examines the same themes in ancient and late antique Jewish and Christian religious texts. Chapter 3 demonstrates Christian continuity with Galenic and Stoic conceptions of pain even as Christians reevaluated suffering as a positive force in uniting a community. Finally, chapters 4 and 5 take up the provision of bodily healing within Greco-Roman temple and popular medicine &lt;strong&gt;[End Page 642]&lt;/strong&gt; and then Christian communities both before and after the legalization of the religion under Constantine in 313 CE. Though Rhee acknowledges that Christian identity was \"essentially relational\" (p. 2), her methodology tends to treat Greco-Roman and Christian as stable, demarcated categories, with only brief attention to identity formation in the context of internal conflicts, as (for instance) between orthodox and Gnostic Christians or Galenic adherents and the Methodists. In her discussion of a third- or fourth-century Greek charm for uterine suffocation (p. 216), translated and analyzed by Christopher Faraone, Rhee notes the blending of Galenic theory and magical healing but says nothing about the common ground shared by Greek, Jewish, and Christian exorcisms that is suggested here. In such manner, the book does little to challenge ingrained categories of \"pagan\" and \"Christian\" or \"rational\" and \"popular\" medicine.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In the introduction Rhee states that she will concentrate on the second through fifth centuries (p. 1), but her thematic interests draw her far earlier in scope, back to the Tanakh and Second Temple literature as well as the Hippocratic Corpus. Although, when it comes to the Church Fathers, she deals with several fifth-century thinkers—Augustine (d. 430 CE), John Cassian (d. 435 CE), and Theodoret of Cyrrhus (d. 457 CE) all appear in chapter 2—with regard to medical writings Rhee prioritizes authors of the second century over those of the fourt","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"News and Events","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2023.a922711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a922711","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;!-- html_title --&gt; News and Events &lt;!-- /html_title --&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;h2&gt;Council and Committees, 2023–2024&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Officers&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; Barron Lerner (President), Mary Fissell (Vice President), Sarah Handley-Cousins (Secretary), Scott Podolsky (Treasurer), Keith Wailoo (Immediate Past President)&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Council&lt;/em&gt; (2021–2024): Pablo F. Gómez, Wangui Muigai, Jacob Steere-Williams, Harry Yi-Jui-Wu&lt;br/&gt; &lt;em&gt;Council&lt;/em&gt; (2022–2025): Adam Biggs, Mary Augusta Brazelton, Projit Bihari Mukharji, Kelly O'Donnell&lt;br/&gt; &lt;em&gt;Council&lt;/em&gt; (2023–2026): Prinisha Badassy, Pratik Chakrabarti, Deborah Doroshow, Abena Dove Osseo-Asare&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;NOTE: When the term of a committee member extends beyond 2023–2026, the year in which the appointment terminates is shown in parentheses after the member's name&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Committee on Annual Meetings&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; Russell Johnson (Chair), Stephen Greenberg, Sydney Halpren, Todd Olszewski, Andrew Ruis, Dominique Tobbell, Jodi Koste, ex-officio&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Delegate to American Council of Learned Societies&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; David Barnes&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Delegate to International Society for the History of Medicine&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; Andrew Nadell&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Development Committee&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; Margaret Marsh (Chair), Nick Bonneau, Charlotte Borst, Julie Fairman, Amanda Mahoney, Wanda Ronner, Dale Smith, Jai Virdi&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Diversity and Inclusion Committee&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; Catherine Mas (Chair), Ojo Afolabi, Jeanna Kinnebrew, Nicolas Fernandez-Medina, Jeremy Montgomery, Matthew Romaniello &lt;strong&gt;[End Page 685]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Education and Outreach Committee&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; Adam Biggs (Chair), Justin Barr, Scottie Buehler, Debjani Das, Tolulope Fadeyi, Natalie Shibley, Eva Ward, Mike Wong&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Estes Award Committee&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; Mical Raz (Chair), Jacob Appel, Yan Liu, Todd Olszewski, Robin Rohrer&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Finance Committee&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; Deborah Doroshow (Chair), John Emrich, Stephen Greenberg&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Garrison Lecture Committee&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; Lara Freidenfelds (Chair), Chris Hamlin, Judy Houck, Alisha Rankin&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Genevieve Miller Lifetime Achievement Award Committee&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; Beatrix Hoffman (Chair), David Courtwright, Joshua Gustafson&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;George Rosen Prize Committee&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; Marta Hanson (Chair), Emily Baum, Donna Drucker, Amy Fairchild, Evan Hart&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Local Arrangements Committee&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; Ann Arbor, Michigan, 2023: Alexandra Stern (Co-Chair), Joel Howell (Co-Chair), Laura Hirshbein (Co-Chair), Gianna Sanchez, Cheyenne Pettit&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;NewsLetter&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; Jodi L. Koste, Editor&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nominating Committee&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; Lauren Thompson (Chair), Aparna Nair, Sharrona Pearl&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;William Osler Medal Committee&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; Susan Lederer (Chair), Carrie Meyer, Aparna Nair, Rachel Moran, Adrian Poniatowski&lt;br/&gt; &lt;em&gt;Pressman-Burroughs Wellcome Award Committee&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; Nancy Tomes (Chair), Wendy Kline, Kylie Smith &lt;strong&gt;[End Page 686]&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Program Committee&lt;/em&gt;&lt;br/&gt; Elena Conis (Co-Chair), Samuel Kelton Ro","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual Plague: The Emergence of Epidemic Photography by Christos Lynteris (review)","authors":"Christine Slobogin","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2023.a922722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a922722","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt; &lt;span&gt;Reviewed by:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;!-- html_title --&gt; &lt;em&gt;Visual Plague: The Emergence of Epidemic Photography&lt;/em&gt; by Christos Lynteris &lt;!-- /html_title --&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; Christine Slobogin &lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; Christos Lynteris. &lt;em&gt;Visual Plague: The Emergence of Epidemic Photography&lt;/em&gt;. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2022. xviii + 304 pp. Ill. $45.00 (978-0-262-54422-1). &lt;p&gt;Christos Lynteris's &lt;em&gt;Visual Plague&lt;/em&gt; takes a historical-anthropological approach to the visual culture of the third plague pandemic (1894–1959). With this pandemic as his starting point, Lynteris argues that it is not simply a &lt;em&gt;medical&lt;/em&gt; photography that defines epidemics but rather \"an autonomous genre of visualization: &lt;em&gt;epidemic photography&lt;/em&gt;\" (p. 1). This extrication of \"epidemic photography\" from the more &lt;strong&gt;[End Page 650]&lt;/strong&gt; capacious \"medical photography\" is a necessary and important intervention, as this visual material is different in many ways from the medical photography alternatively called \"clinical\" photography. Instead of focusing on the \"what\" of disease, epidemic photography focuses on the \"how and why\" (p. 5). Lynteris convincingly lays out the myriad definitions and iterations of epidemic photography in this period, showing the crucial role that this emerging visual culture—which depicted neighborhoods, soldiers, patients, or laboratories, among other subjects—played in both public perceptions and scientific understandings of the disease, its effects, and measures taken to stop it.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Lynteris opens by successfully convincing the reader of the importance of his subject matter by placing it in the context of twenty-first-century epidemics and pandemics that have been introduced to and followed by the public via photographs. But Lynteris misses an opportunity in the beginning of this book to engage with twenty-first-century ethical discussions around displaying and circulating historical images of real patients and potentially distressing medical interventions. This ethical grounding is particularly missed in &lt;em&gt;Visual Plague&lt;/em&gt; when one turns a page to be confronted with an image of plague-induced necrosis across a patient's face (p. 29) or of corpses in a mass grave (p. 56). Another concern arises with Lynteris's use of the word \"coolie\" without full contextualization. The reader first encounters this offensive, racialized term in a primary source evidencing Sinophobia (p. 54), but it is used several other times throughout the chapters. While its use may be necessary for Lynteris to write this history, an examination of the origin and meaning of this word would have been welcome early on in &lt;em&gt;Visual Plague&lt;/em&gt; to provide reasons for using it and to assure the reader that the racism historically perpetuated by this term is not also perpetuated in this book.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;These small but not insignificant qualms aside, the chapters of &lt;em&gt;Visual Plague&lt;/em&gt; outline complex ideas clearly, and Lynteris successfully ties longer historie","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Getting Under Our Skin: The Cultural and Social History of Vermin by Lisa T. Sarasohn (review)","authors":"Michelle Webb","doi":"10.1353/bhm.2023.a922716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2023.a922716","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt; &lt;span&gt;Reviewed by:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;!-- html_title --&gt; &lt;em&gt;Getting Under Our Skin: The Cultural and Social History of Vermin&lt;/em&gt; by Lisa T. Sarasohn &lt;!-- /html_title --&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; Michelle Webb &lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; Lisa T. Sarasohn. &lt;em&gt;Getting Under Our Skin: The Cultural and Social History of Vermin&lt;/em&gt;. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2021. xii + 280 pp. Ill. $30.00 (978-1-4214-4138-2). &lt;p&gt;There are not many historical monographs that combine subject matter as diverse as Thomas Becket's mortification of his flesh, Charles Darwin's theories about lice, and Donald Trump's insults toward Bernie Sanders. Lisa T. Sarasohn's latest work covers all of this ground and more, encompassing everything from Christina of Sweden shooting fleas from a tiny cannon to the atrocities of the Holocaust. The unifying theme here is vermin, the despised creatures that have historically infested bodies and homes. But this work addresses not just responses to the bites, foul odors, and diseases that these creatures have inflicted upon humanity. Instead Sarasohn has produced a compelling and convincing account of how those who wish to denigrate their enemies have customarily accused them of either hosting and spreading vermin, or of actually being vermin. This is a history of rats and fleas and of prophylactic ointments made from roasted cats, but it is also a history of gas chambers made to resemble delousing showers. It is the history of othering, of racism and xenophobia, of class-based prejudice, and of the fear of the filthy other.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Sarasohn has ordered her huge range of material within a strict taxonomical and chronological framework. Bedbugs, fleas, lice, and rats are assigned two chapters each, one concentrating upon the premodern period, the other upon the modern world. Each section would be entirely comprehensible if read in isolation, but the cumulative effect is impressive and reveals the extent to which this apparently niche area of scholarship is nothing of the sort. In addition to being able to trace the development of a particularly pernicious strain of dehumanization, this book also enables the reader to gain insight into both changing views of the human body and changing expectations of what that body should be expected to endure. By drawing attention to such areas as early modern acceptance of bedbug bites (only their smell was believed intolerable), Sarasohn traces how and when being infested became both personally and socially unacceptable. The increasing assumption among at least part of the population that it should be possible to be physically comfortable at will is made visible here, and I would argue that this is part of the history of how the elite withdrew or attempted to withdraw from popular culture, in this case that culture being expressed primarily through itching.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Getting Under Our Skin&lt;/em&gt; is based upon extensive familiarity with the relevant historiography, and the text is meticulously annotated. It also util","PeriodicalId":55304,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the History of Medicine","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}