Biopreservation and Biobanking最新文献

Background: Microbial culture collections are valuable repositories for qualified and diverse microorganisms, playing a pivotal role in research, education, innovation, as well as in our response to current and emerging public health and societal challenges. However, such precious holdings, when not integrated in professional biobank infrastructures, may be vulnerable to major risks such as staff retirement, changes in the institutional strategy, or natural disasters. The process of preserving and rescuing "historical" collections can be long and treacherous with a loss of a part of the collection. At the Biological Resource Center of Institut Pasteur, we undertook the challenge of rescuing the dormant legacy fungal collection. Materials and Methods: A total of 64 freeze-dried strains, including yeasts and filamentous fungi, were characterized by using a polyphasic approach combining morphological features and molecular data. We assessed the viability, purity, and authenticity of selected strains isolated from multiple sources and stored for more than 20 years. Results: Our preliminary results show long-term stability of the selected strains and successful qualification in terms of purity and authentication. Moreover, based on the most recent taxonomic revisions, we updated and revised the nomenclature, where applicable. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated the potential value of reviving historical microbial collections for biobanking and research activities and reassure us about the collection's future reopening.

Many cellular processes in spermatozoa, including apoptosis and motility, are regulated by miRNA. Different miRNAs and molecular pathways are involved in asthenozoospermia (AS) conditions, which are thought to be one of the causes of infertility with reduced sperm motility. Thirty-two semen samples from four Holstein bulls with normozoospermia (NS), total motility ≥ 70%, and progressive motility ≥ 60%, and 32 semen samples from four bulls with AS, total motility ≤ 40%, and progressive motility ≤ 32% were used to investigate the function of apoptosis-related miRNAs in the AS group. Samples were then aspirated into a 0.5 mL straw after dilution with a Tris-egg yolk extender and frozen at -196°C. After freezing, semen samples were thawed for 2 weeks at 37°C and sperm kinematic parameters, plasma membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, DNA fragmentation, apoptosis status, and expression of apoptosis-related miRNAs (miR-2114, miR-296-3p, miR-455-3p, and miR345-3p) were evaluated. Our results showed that the functional and flow cytometric parameters of the NS group were significantly better than those of the AS group. In the NS group, miR-455-3pp and miR-2412 were upregulated, while miR-345-3p was downregulated compared with the AS group. In the AS group, miR-296-39, miR-2412, and miR-345-3p levels were strongly correlated with membrane integrity, DNA fragmentation, and apoptosis status. The findings demonstrated that the selected miRNAs based on bioinformatic analysis in AS and NS samples had a substantial association with functional and flow cytometry indicators and may be involved in regulating apoptosis and motility in AS samples.

The importance of stimulating greater sharing of data for use and reuse in health research is widely recognized. To this end, the findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) principles for data have been developed and widely accepted in the research community. Research biospecimens are a resource that leads to much of this health research data but are also a form of data. Therefore, the FAIR principles should apply to biospecimens. Nevertheless, there is a widespread problem of not sharing biospecimen resources that is clearly visible within the research arena. The impacts of this are likely to include diversion of precious research funds into compiling duplicate biospecimen cohorts, detraction from research productivity as researchers compete for and create duplicate resources, and deterrence of attempts to assess research reproducibility. This article explores some of the barriers that may limit availability of FAIR biospecimens. These barriers relate to the type of biospecimen collections and the characteristics of the custodians that influence their intention and interest in sharing. Barriers also relate to the ethical, legal, and social issues concerning collections, the research context of the collections, and cost and expertise involved in repurposing collections to enable sharing. Several solutions to increase sharing are identified. Some have recently been implemented, including enhancing biospecimen locators with tools to guide researchers and facilitating transfer of research collections to centralized biobank infrastructures at the conclusion of projects. New proposed solutions include improving search capabilities within publication databases, and introduction of evidence-based justifications for all new collections into peer-reviewed grant competition processes. It is recognized that there are both scientific factors and practical reasons that can impose limits to sharing biospecimens. However, funding availability, productivity, and progress in health research all stand to benefit from improved sharing of research biospecimen collections.

While the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) principles are primarily concerned with data, samples can also be considered a distinct category of data. In light of these considerations, the FAIR principles represent a major challenge for biobanks, as discussed in detail in two recently published studies. We invited seven experts with diverse backgrounds to share their views on these studies and the FAIR principles in general. The contributions are written from different perspectives, including those from human biobanks operating globally, located in low- or middle-income countries or in high-income countries, as well as those from industrial or environmental biobanks. The last two contributions focused on technical feasibility and the necessary incentives. All authors agreed that while the FAIR principles present a challenge for biobanks, they also offer opportunities. Various useful instruments already exist, and more will follow. The key is to provide meaningful incentives.

This publication reports, for the first time, the birth of a healthy child after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) of motile spermatozoa after conventional ("slow") freezing of epididymal spermatozoa using 5% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) of high molecular weight (360 kDa). Cryopreservation solution with 10% PVP was added to 30 µL of spermatozoa suspension in a 1:1 ratio, with a final PVP concentration of 5%. Then, polycarbonate capillaries for oocyte denudation with a diameter of 170 µm were filled with 60 µL of the resulting sperm suspension. After that, the capillaries were placed for 10 minutes at a height of 15 cm above liquid nitrogen and immersed into liquid nitrogen. To warm the spermatozoa, the capillaries were immersed in a water bath at a temperature of 40°C for 30 seconds. Oocyte fertilization was performed by ICSI. Zygotes were cultured in vitro for 5 days to the blastocyst stage. More than 100 spermatozoa were obtained after percutaneous epidydimal sperm aspiration, of which 80% were motile. After cryopreservation, storage for 3 months in liquid nitrogen, and thawing, 72% of the total sperm cells remained motile. Ten oocyte-cumulus complexes were found after follicle puncture, and eight metaphase II stage oocytes were fertilized using ICSI. After 18 hours, two pronuclei were found in seven (88%) of the oocytes. An analysis of the morphological characteristics of 5-day-old embryos showed that four (57%) of them reached the blastocyst stage. One embryo was transferred, and the remaining embryos were cryopreserved (vitrified). The onset of pregnancy was detected on the 14th day after embryo transfer, and one healthy girl (3300 g) was born at term.

Objective: Biobanks play a crucial role in fundamental and translational research by storing valuable biomaterials and data for future analyses. However, the design of their information technology (IT) infrastructures is often customized to specific requirements, thereby lacking the ability to be used for biobanks comprising other (types of) diseases. This results in substantial costs, time, and efforts for each new biobank project. The Dutch multicenter Archipelago of Ovarian Cancer Research (AOCR) biobank has developed an innovative, reusable IT infrastructure capable of adaptation to various biobanks, thereby enabling cost-effective and efficient implementation and management of biobank IT systems. Methods and Results: The AOCR IT infrastructure incorporates preexisting biobank software, mainly managed by Health-RI. The web-based registration tool Ldot is used for secure storage and pseudonymization of patient data. Clinicopathological data are retrieved from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and the Dutch nationwide pathology databank (Palga), both established repositories, reducing administrative workload and ensuring high data quality. Metadata of collected biomaterials are stored in the OpenSpecimen system. For digital pathology research, a hematoxylin and eosin-stained slide from each patient's tumor is digitized and uploaded to Slide Score. Furthermore, adhering to the Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) principles, genomic data derived from the AOCR samples are stored in cBioPortal. Conclusion: The IT infrastructure of the AOCR biobank represents a new standard for biobanks, offering flexibility to handle diverse diseases and types of biomaterials. This infrastructure bypasses the need for disease-specific, custom-built software, thereby being cost- and time-effective while ensuring data quality and legislative compliance. The adaptability of this infrastructure highlights its potential to serve as a blueprint for the development of IT infrastructures in both new and existing biobanks.

The emergence of organoids is considered a revolutionary model, changing the landscape of traditional translational research. These three-dimensional miniatures of human organs or tissues, cultivated from stem cells or biospecimens obtained from patients, faithfully replicate the structural and functional characteristics of specific target organs or tissues. In this extensive review, we explore the profound impact of organoids and assess the current state of living organoid biobanks, which are essential repositories for cryopreserving organoids derived from a variety of diseases. These resources hold significant value for translational research. We delve into the diverse origins of organoids, the underlying technologies, and their roles in recapitulating human development, disease modeling, as well as their potential applications in the pharmaceutical field. With a particular emphasis on biobanking organoids for prospective applications, we discuss how these advancements expedite the transition from bench to bedside translational research, thereby fostering personalized medicine and enriching our comprehension of human health.

Introduction: Rosemary shrub/plant and Sericin have been documented to show antioxdative properties, however their role in improving post thaw semen quality has not been well established. Objectives: The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of Rosemary leaves extract and Sericin protein on post-thaw quality of Pantja buck semen. Methods: In the first experiment, 32 ejaculates were collected from 4 sexually mature Pantja bucks and pooled to form 8 pooled samples. The pooled samples were evaluated for seminal attributes (sperm motility, viability, morphology, plasma membrane integrity, and acrosomal integrity), status of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase) and lipid-peroxidation (malondialdehyde) of sperm plasma membrane before dilution. In the second experiment, pooled samples were divided into three equal aliquots as group-C (Control), group-R (Rosemary), and group-S (Sericin). Aliquots of group-C were diluted in glycerolated Egg Yolk Tris (EYT) extender, whereas aliquots of group-R and group-S were additionally supplemented with 4.0% v/v Rosemary leaves extract and 0.25% w/v Sericin, respectively, and again examined for the above parameters at the post-dilution, post-equilibration, and post-thawing stages of semen freezing. Results: Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the values of seminal attributes, level of enzymatic antioxidants, and lipid per-oxidation between group C and R and between group C and S at the post-thaw stage of semen freezing. However Sericin was nonsignificantly better than Rosemary in improving post-thaw semen quality. Conclusion: The results of the present study on limited semen samples in Pantja buck demonstrated that compared to the control group, both Rosemary aqueous extract (4%) and Sericin protein (0.25%) as an additive in TRIS extender, showed better cryoprotective effects resulting in improved post-thaw seminal characteristics.

Myrtle rust is a plant disease caused through infection by the fungus Austropuccinia psidii and was first detected in Australia in 2010. The disease has spread through New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, the Northern Territory, and Tasmania. In this short timeframe, myrtle rust has had a devastating impact on many native species in the family Myrtaceae, including several rainforest species that are now at risk of extinction. In 2022, myrtle rust was first detected in the northern part of Western Australia (WA)-the largest state in Australia. WA is home to ca. 2000 Myrtaceae taxa (ca. 60% of Australia's Myrtaceae diversity), many of which form the dominant component of the vegetation across several ecosystems (e.g., Eucalyptus, Corymbia, Melaleuca, Agonis, Verticordia etc.). While modelling suggests that the environmental conditions in WA's north are less conducive to myrtle rust in comparison to the wet, temperate rainforests of the east coast, WA's temperate, Myrtaceae-rich south coast may be climatically suitable. Coupled with the sheer abundance of Myrtaceae species in WA, their high degree of endemism, high proportion of threatened species, and little available information on their susceptibility to myrtle rust, a pre-emptive strategy to conserve germplasm of at-risk species is warranted. This paper highlights the role of ex situ germplasm conservation in responding to biosecurity threats such as myrtle rust. With early intervention critical to sourcing healthy and genetically diverse germplasm, we present a prioritized list of genera and species of Myrtaceae in WA to inform strategic, coordinated, and timely ex situ conservation actions, along with case studies to illustrate the complementary approaches of seed banking, cryobiotechnology, and tissue culture necessary to conserve germplasm of WA's myrtaceous flora.