Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/BIOE.2002.102.1.53
U. Rasmussen, C. Johansson
Cyanobacteria constitute one of the largest sub groups of Gram-negative photosynthetic prokary otes and are of great evolutionary antiquity, dating back to the Precambrian (2.8-3.5 billion years ago). They are found worldwide in highly diverse ecosystems, from aquatic (limnic and marine) habi tats to terrestrial systems and from polar to tropical regions of the globe. In terrestrial systems, nitro gen-fixing Nostoc is by far the most common genus and includes cyanobacteria capable of forming symbioses with a broad range of plants and other organisms. Hosts include fungi (Geosiphon species and lichenised fungi), bryophytes (liverworts and hornworts), aquatic ferns (genus Azolla), gym nosperms (cycads) and angiosperms (genus Gunnera) (Bergman et al. 1996).
蓝藻是革兰氏阴性光合作用生物中最大的亚群之一，具有悠久的进化历史，可追溯到前寒武纪(28 - 35亿年前)。它们分布在世界各地高度多样化的生态系统中，从水生(湖泊和海洋)栖息地到陆地系统，从极地到热带地区。在陆生系统中，固氮Nostoc是迄今为止最常见的属，包括能够与广泛的植物和其他生物形成共生的蓝藻。寄主包括真菌(地虹吸类和地衣真菌)、苔藓植物(苔类和角苔类)、水生蕨类(杜鹃花属)、植物裸子植物(苏铁)和被子植物(Gunnera属)(Bergman et al. 1996)。
{"title":"Diversity and Specificity in Cyanobacterial Symbioses","authors":"U. Rasmussen, C. Johansson","doi":"10.3318/BIOE.2002.102.1.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/BIOE.2002.102.1.53","url":null,"abstract":"Cyanobacteria constitute one of the largest sub groups of Gram-negative photosynthetic prokary otes and are of great evolutionary antiquity, dating back to the Precambrian (2.8-3.5 billion years ago). They are found worldwide in highly diverse ecosystems, from aquatic (limnic and marine) habi tats to terrestrial systems and from polar to tropical regions of the globe. In terrestrial systems, nitro gen-fixing Nostoc is by far the most common genus and includes cyanobacteria capable of forming symbioses with a broad range of plants and other organisms. Hosts include fungi (Geosiphon species and lichenised fungi), bryophytes (liverworts and hornworts), aquatic ferns (genus Azolla), gym nosperms (cycads) and angiosperms (genus Gunnera) (Bergman et al. 1996).","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"7 1","pages":"53 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82164941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera (FPM) is a long-lived invertebrate that is found in coarse sand or fine gravel in clean, well-oxygenated, fast-flowing and unpolluted freshwater (Moorkens 1999; 2000; Skinner et al. 2003). The species has undergone a dramatic decline in the sizes of most meta-populations and in the size of its range over the twentieth century (Young 1991; Reid et al. 2012), with an estimated reduction of over 90% in the FPM population in central Europe over this time (Bauer 1988). The species is in very serious decline throughout its range and is listed in the IUCN red data book as endangered worldwide (Baillie and Groombridge 1996) and in the most recent IUCN Irish Red List of non-marine molluscs as critically endangered (Byrne et al. 2009). Ireland is considered a stronghold for the FPM and is believed to support approximately 46% of FPM individuals in the EU (DAFF 2008). However, the NPWS (2008; 2013) concluded that recruitment levels were insufficient in all Irish FPM populations, resulting in all FPM populations, including the populations in designated Special Areas of Conservation (SAC), having unfavourable conservation status.
淡水珍珠贻贝Margaritifera Margaritifera (FPM)是一种长寿的无脊椎动物，生活在清洁、氧气充足、快速流动和未受污染的淡水中的粗沙或细砾石中(Moorkens 1999;2000;Skinner et al. 2003)。20世纪以来，该物种在大多数元种群的规模和分布范围上都经历了急剧下降(Young 1991;Reid et al. 2012)，估计中欧FPM种群在此期间减少了90%以上(Bauer 1988)。该物种在其分布范围内正处于非常严重的衰退中，被世界自然保护联盟红色数据手册列为全球濒危物种(Baillie and Groombridge 1996)，并被世界自然保护联盟爱尔兰非海洋软体动物红色名录列为极度濒危物种(Byrne et al. 2009)。爱尔兰被认为是FPM的据点，据信支持欧盟约46%的FPM个人(DAFF 2008)。然而，NPWS (2008;2013)得出结论，所有爱尔兰FPM种群的招募水平不足，导致所有FPM种群，包括指定的特殊保护区(SAC)的种群，处于不利的保护状态。
{"title":"Wider riparian buffer strips: A cost-effective conservation measure for freshwater pearl mussels in Ireland?","authors":"D. Huallacháin","doi":"10.3318/BIOE.2014.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/BIOE.2014.12","url":null,"abstract":"The freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera (FPM) is a long-lived invertebrate that is found in coarse sand or fine gravel in clean, well-oxygenated, fast-flowing and unpolluted freshwater (Moorkens 1999; 2000; Skinner et al. 2003). The species has undergone a dramatic decline in the sizes of most meta-populations and in the size of its range over the twentieth century (Young 1991; Reid et al. 2012), with an estimated reduction of over 90% in the FPM population in central Europe over this time (Bauer 1988). The species is in very serious decline throughout its range and is listed in the IUCN red data book as endangered worldwide (Baillie and Groombridge 1996) and in the most recent IUCN Irish Red List of non-marine molluscs as critically endangered (Byrne et al. 2009). Ireland is considered a stronghold for the FPM and is believed to support approximately 46% of FPM individuals in the EU (DAFF 2008). However, the NPWS (2008; 2013) concluded that recruitment levels were insufficient in all Irish FPM populations, resulting in all FPM populations, including the populations in designated Special Areas of Conservation (SAC), having unfavourable conservation status.","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"95 1","pages":"101 - 107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74872982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/BIOE.2002.102.1.11
M. Kluge
{"title":"A Fungus Eats a Cyanobacterium: The Story of the Geosiphon pyriformis Endocyanosis","authors":"M. Kluge","doi":"10.3318/BIOE.2002.102.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/BIOE.2002.102.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"38 1","pages":"11 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78415711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/BIOE.2005.105.2.87
A. O'Sullivan, R. Conlon, B. Moran, M. Otte
Abstract:Substrates from four-and-a-half year old constructed wetlands built to treat wastewater from an active metal mine were analysed for elevated metal and sulphur concentrations by chemical sequential extractions and X-ray diffraction analyses. Amounts of Fe, Pb, Zn and S were quantified in substrates from the first cells of multi-celled (in-series) treatment wetland systems at three different depths. The analyses showed that the majority of metals removed from the wastewater were retained in residual immobile forms in the upper 0-5cm of the waterlogged anaerobic substrates. Although substantial concentrations of metals and sulphur were retained in the substrates, the amounts were generally not sufficient to allow accurate mineralogical identification by X-ray diffraction. Classification of the sediments using X-ray techniques was further confounded by the highly organic nature of the wetland substrates. These results suggest that chemical analyses of wetland substrates may still provide a clearer interpretation of metal accumulation over time, especially in wastewaters characterised by relatively low metal concentrations flowing through organically rich substrates. While X-ray diffraction can provide useful interpretation of sediment crystallography and mineralogy, there are limitations in using this technology to characterise young wetland substrates.
{"title":"Characterisation of Constructed Wetland Substrates by Chemical Sequential Extraction and X-Ray Diffraction Analyses","authors":"A. O'Sullivan, R. Conlon, B. Moran, M. Otte","doi":"10.3318/BIOE.2005.105.2.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/BIOE.2005.105.2.87","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Substrates from four-and-a-half year old constructed wetlands built to treat wastewater from an active metal mine were analysed for elevated metal and sulphur concentrations by chemical sequential extractions and X-ray diffraction analyses. Amounts of Fe, Pb, Zn and S were quantified in substrates from the first cells of multi-celled (in-series) treatment wetland systems at three different depths. The analyses showed that the majority of metals removed from the wastewater were retained in residual immobile forms in the upper 0-5cm of the waterlogged anaerobic substrates. Although substantial concentrations of metals and sulphur were retained in the substrates, the amounts were generally not sufficient to allow accurate mineralogical identification by X-ray diffraction. Classification of the sediments using X-ray techniques was further confounded by the highly organic nature of the wetland substrates. These results suggest that chemical analyses of wetland substrates may still provide a clearer interpretation of metal accumulation over time, especially in wastewaters characterised by relatively low metal concentrations flowing through organically rich substrates. While X-ray diffraction can provide useful interpretation of sediment crystallography and mineralogy, there are limitations in using this technology to characterise young wetland substrates.","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"11 1","pages":"87 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75473136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) once occurred seasonally in Irish waters but in recent decades their presence has declined. This study reviews the existing literature to develop an understanding of the past distribution of North Atlantic right whales, their abundance, temporal occurrence, interspecies associations and apparent use of Irish waters. Ancillary information supporting these core aims was investigated to provide a context for the historical misidentification of North Atlantic right whales and the development of Irish whaling to evaluate the presence of this species in Irish waters. Records of the species within the Irish Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), between 1300—1987 were validated based on the available data to three confidence levels: definite, probable and possible right whales. Seventeen records comprising at least 42 individual whales exist (including probable Basque whaling effort from the fourteenth century to the sixteenth century). Of the records available, 52% were considered ‘definitely’ right whales with eight comprising 22 individuals from two early twentieth century and two mid-seventeenth century commercial whaling stations operating in the northwest of Ireland. Six ‘probable’ right whale records involving 15 individuals were identified, including two sightings from the late twentieth century while two ‘possible’ records of five individuals were also noted. The previous importance of Ireland's north western coastline as a potential early summer feeding area in the Northeast Atlantic for migrating right whales, along with the apparent extirpation of the species in the region are also discussed.
{"title":"North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) in Irish Waters: 1300-1987","authors":"O’callaghan","doi":"10.3318/bioe.2019.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/bioe.2019.10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) once occurred seasonally in Irish waters but in recent decades their presence has declined. This study reviews the existing literature to develop an understanding of the past distribution of North Atlantic right whales, their abundance, temporal occurrence, interspecies associations and apparent use of Irish waters. Ancillary information supporting these core aims was investigated to provide a context for the historical misidentification of North Atlantic right whales and the development of Irish whaling to evaluate the presence of this species in Irish waters. Records of the species within the Irish Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), between 1300—1987 were validated based on the available data to three confidence levels: definite, probable and possible right whales. Seventeen records comprising at least 42 individual whales exist (including probable Basque whaling effort from the fourteenth century to the sixteenth century). Of the records available, 52% were considered ‘definitely’ right whales with eight comprising 22 individuals from two early twentieth century and two mid-seventeenth century commercial whaling stations operating in the northwest of Ireland. Six ‘probable’ right whale records involving 15 individuals were identified, including two sightings from the late twentieth century while two ‘possible’ records of five individuals were also noted. The previous importance of Ireland's north western coastline as a potential early summer feeding area in the Northeast Atlantic for migrating right whales, along with the apparent extirpation of the species in the region are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"96 1","pages":"111 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76670877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. O’Boyle, R. Quinn, N. Dunne, E. Mockler, S. Ní Longphuirt
Abstract:Excessive nutrient loading to the marine environment from different sources and pathways, including rivers, has led to nutrient over-enrichment and the phenomenon of eutrophication in estuaries and coastal waters. The systematic monitoring of riverine nutrient inputs to Ireland's marine environment began in 1990. Over this period there has been a large reduction in nutrient inputs with loads of total phosphorus, total ammonia and total nitrogen decreasing by 71.8% (4,716 tonnes), 77.3% (5,505 tonnes) and 39.0% (59,396 tonnes), respectively. The largest reductions, particularly in total phosphorus and total ammonia, were seen in the main rivers discharging to the Celtic and Irish Sea coasts, with smaller or no reductions in rivers discharging along the western and north-western Atlantic coast. The reductions indicate the success of measures to reduce nutrient loss but also the disproportionate reduction in phosphorus over nitrogen. The ratio between nitrogen and phosphorus loads has increased by 2.5% per year and by as much as 4.1% per year for discharges to the Celtic Sea. As a consequence, the stoichiometric N:P ratio of river inputs to the Celtic Sea has more than doubled. The potential for this disparity to create a nutrient imbalance in downstream estuarine and coastal waters is discussed.
{"title":"What have we learned from over two decades of monitoring riverine nutrient inputs to Ireland's marine environment?","authors":"S. O’Boyle, R. Quinn, N. Dunne, E. Mockler, S. Ní Longphuirt","doi":"10.3318/BIOE.2016.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/BIOE.2016.23","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Excessive nutrient loading to the marine environment from different sources and pathways, including rivers, has led to nutrient over-enrichment and the phenomenon of eutrophication in estuaries and coastal waters. The systematic monitoring of riverine nutrient inputs to Ireland's marine environment began in 1990. Over this period there has been a large reduction in nutrient inputs with loads of total phosphorus, total ammonia and total nitrogen decreasing by 71.8% (4,716 tonnes), 77.3% (5,505 tonnes) and 39.0% (59,396 tonnes), respectively. The largest reductions, particularly in total phosphorus and total ammonia, were seen in the main rivers discharging to the Celtic and Irish Sea coasts, with smaller or no reductions in rivers discharging along the western and north-western Atlantic coast. The reductions indicate the success of measures to reduce nutrient loss but also the disproportionate reduction in phosphorus over nitrogen. The ratio between nitrogen and phosphorus loads has increased by 2.5% per year and by as much as 4.1% per year for discharges to the Celtic Sea. As a consequence, the stoichiometric N:P ratio of river inputs to the Celtic Sea has more than doubled. The potential for this disparity to create a nutrient imbalance in downstream estuarine and coastal waters is discussed.","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"28 1","pages":"313 - 327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76699183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Lally, M. Gormally, T. Higgins, M. Gammell, E. Colleran
Abstract:The deliberate flooding of cutaway peatlands has resulted in the creation of 3700ha of new wetlands in the Irish Midlands. None of Ireland's cutaway wetlands have been designated as artificial water bodies for the purposes of the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) (WFD). Nevertheless, ensuring that the created wetlands do not adversely affect downstream water quality or the potential of neighbouring designated rivers to achieve their environmental objectives under the WFD is of primary concern to environmental managers and regulators. Phytoplankton communities in four created wetlands were monitored over a 33-month period. The study aimed to assess whether phytoplankton communities in the created wetlands have the potential to be reliable indicators of chemical water quality. Longer term changes in the phytoplankton communities in two of the wetlands were also assessed. Indicator species analysis identified the presence of a number of algal species regarded as reliable indicators of eutrophic and mesotrophic water quality. Longer term trends indicated that the created wetlands have a propensity to develop phytoplankton blooms in the early years following flooding, in response to high ambient phosphorus concentrations. The data indicate a trend of improving water quality as the created wetlands mature and stabilise.
{"title":"PHYTOPLANKTON ASSEMBLAGES IN FOUR WETLANDS CREATED ON CUTAWAY PEATLANDS IN IRELAND","authors":"H. Lally, M. Gormally, T. Higgins, M. Gammell, E. Colleran","doi":"10.3318/BIOE.2012.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/BIOE.2012.07","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The deliberate flooding of cutaway peatlands has resulted in the creation of 3700ha of new wetlands in the Irish Midlands. None of Ireland's cutaway wetlands have been designated as artificial water bodies for the purposes of the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) (WFD). Nevertheless, ensuring that the created wetlands do not adversely affect downstream water quality or the potential of neighbouring designated rivers to achieve their environmental objectives under the WFD is of primary concern to environmental managers and regulators. Phytoplankton communities in four created wetlands were monitored over a 33-month period. The study aimed to assess whether phytoplankton communities in the created wetlands have the potential to be reliable indicators of chemical water quality. Longer term changes in the phytoplankton communities in two of the wetlands were also assessed. Indicator species analysis identified the presence of a number of algal species regarded as reliable indicators of eutrophic and mesotrophic water quality. Longer term trends indicated that the created wetlands have a propensity to develop phytoplankton blooms in the early years following flooding, in response to high ambient phosphorus concentrations. The data indicate a trend of improving water quality as the created wetlands mature and stabilise.","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"8 1","pages":"207 - 216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72876474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/BIOE.2006.106.3.287
M. Coroi, M. S. Skeffington, P. Giller, M. Gormally, G. O'Donovan
Abstract:The aim of this study was to relate riparian landscape and vegetation patterns to plant species richness. Seventeen stream sites were selected in southern Ireland, and the vegetation within 20m-wide riparian strips was mapped using a global positioning system. Digital maps were created using geographic information systems, and vegetation/habitat classification was carried out at four levels (from broad habitat group to vegetation type). To analyse the structure of the riparian landscapes in the study area, a number of landscape indices were calculated using Patch Analyst software. Plant species richness and community structure were examined using belt transects perpendicular to the watercourse. Riparian zones in the study area are very heterogeneous and exhibit obvious gradients with reference to landscape composition and spatial configuration. This is the result of both natural disturbance caused by streams and human influence. Landscape structure indices were only weakly correlated with plant species richness in the riparian zones investigated, but they did explain most of the variation in the structure and composition of the plant communities.
{"title":"USING GIS IN THE MAPPING AND ANALYSIS OF LANDSCAPE AND VEGETATION PATTERNS ALONG STREAMS IN SOUTHERN IRELAND","authors":"M. Coroi, M. S. Skeffington, P. Giller, M. Gormally, G. O'Donovan","doi":"10.3318/BIOE.2006.106.3.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/BIOE.2006.106.3.287","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The aim of this study was to relate riparian landscape and vegetation patterns to plant species richness. Seventeen stream sites were selected in southern Ireland, and the vegetation within 20m-wide riparian strips was mapped using a global positioning system. Digital maps were created using geographic information systems, and vegetation/habitat classification was carried out at four levels (from broad habitat group to vegetation type). To analyse the structure of the riparian landscapes in the study area, a number of landscape indices were calculated using Patch Analyst software. Plant species richness and community structure were examined using belt transects perpendicular to the watercourse. Riparian zones in the study area are very heterogeneous and exhibit obvious gradients with reference to landscape composition and spatial configuration. This is the result of both natural disturbance caused by streams and human influence. Landscape structure indices were only weakly correlated with plant species richness in the riparian zones investigated, but they did explain most of the variation in the structure and composition of the plant communities.","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"278 1","pages":"287 - 300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79629922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wild DublinâExploring Nature in the City by Éanna ní Lamhna (review)","authors":"F. Wilson","doi":"10.1353/bae.2008.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bae.2008.0002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"113 1","pages":"177 - 177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79805233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3318/BIOE.2002.102.3.121
J. Sweeney, R. Fealy
Abstract:Ongoing improvements in computing and in climate modelling now permit much more detailed climatic scenarios to be produced as an aid to potential impact assessment. We have employed a downscaling approach, using the UKCIP (UK Climate Impacts Programme) gridded climatology for Ireland at a 10km resolution to produce preliminary scenarios for temperature and precipitation for the year 2050. Warming of approximately 0.2°C per decade is indicated Precipitation changes cannot yet be confidently predicted, though increases are likely during the winter months Contradictory signals for changes in summer rainfall are evident from model output and circulation typing-based approaches. Increased soil moisture deficits are likely during summer, and increased wetness, is likely during winter, particularly in western Ireland. We make some preliminary comments on the implications of these changes for the natural environment and agricultural practices.
{"title":"A Preliminary Investigation of Future Climate Scenarios for Ireland","authors":"J. Sweeney, R. Fealy","doi":"10.3318/BIOE.2002.102.3.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/BIOE.2002.102.3.121","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Ongoing improvements in computing and in climate modelling now permit much more detailed climatic scenarios to be produced as an aid to potential impact assessment. We have employed a downscaling approach, using the UKCIP (UK Climate Impacts Programme) gridded climatology for Ireland at a 10km resolution to produce preliminary scenarios for temperature and precipitation for the year 2050. Warming of approximately 0.2°C per decade is indicated Precipitation changes cannot yet be confidently predicted, though increases are likely during the winter months Contradictory signals for changes in summer rainfall are evident from model output and circulation typing-based approaches. Increased soil moisture deficits are likely during summer, and increased wetness, is likely during winter, particularly in western Ireland. We make some preliminary comments on the implications of these changes for the natural environment and agricultural practices.","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"33 1","pages":"121 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79840955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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