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Simulation for Motion of Platform During Truck Changing in Trucklift Slope Hoisting System in Open Pit Mines Using ADAMS and Matlab/Simulink 利用ADAMS和Matlab/Simulink对露天矿汽车升降边坡提升系统换车过程中平台运动进行仿真
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.24425/ams.2021.138596
Tok Hyong Han, kwAng Hyok kiM, U. Han
This paper focused on a study concerned with the motion of platforms at loading stations during truck changing in Trucklift slope hoisting system built in Jaeryong open-pit iron mine, DPR of korea. The motion of platform in Trucklift slope hoisting system produces undesirable effect on truck changing. To analyze the motion of platform during truck changing, we built the dynamic model in ADAMS environment and control system in MATlAB/Simulink. Simulation results indicate that the normal truck changing can be realized without arresters at loading stations by a reasonable structural design of platforms and loading stations.
本文主要研究了朝鲜民主主义人民共和国杰尔永露天铁矿Trucklift边坡提升系统在换车过程中装载站平台的运动。卡车斜坡提升系统中平台的运动对卡车的更换产生了不良影响。为了分析换车过程中平台的运动,我们在ADAMS环境中建立了平台的动力学模型,并在MATlAB/Simulink中建立了控制系统。仿真结果表明,通过合理的平台和装载站结构设计,可以在装载站无避雷器的情况下实现正常的换车。
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引用次数: 0
Potentiality of Obtaining Mica Flotation Concentrate from Kaolinised Granite 从高岭土花岗岩中获得云母浮选精矿的潜力
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.24425/AMS.2019.129365
Ž. Sekulić, Slavica Mihajlović, J. Stojanovic, Branislav Ivošević, Vladan Kašić, M. Ignjatović
This study shows the results of flotation concentration of mica minerals from kaolinised granite taken from the “Bašića bare” deposit – Kobaš, Srbac, The Republic of Srpska (B&H). Mineralogical composition of kaolinised granite is as follows: kaolinite, feldspar, quartz, and mica. After separating >0.630 mm, and <0.043 mm size class where kaolinite is concentrated, the rest is –0.630+0.043 mm class containing quartz, feldspar and mica. The mica concentrate was obtained by the flotation concentration, while feldspar and quartz were in the flotation underflow. According to the mineralogical analysis, the most abundant minerals are mica and chlorite/clays, while quartz and feldspar occur much less, and accessory minerals are represented in trace. The semi-quantitative mineralogical analysis obtained by the X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) method of the mica concentrate amount to: mica ≈55%, chlorite/clays ≈35%, quartz ≈5%, feldspars (plagioclase and K-feldspars combined) ≈5%.
本研究显示了从“Bašića裸”矿床——塞族共和国(B&H)Srbac Kobaš的高岭土化花岗岩中浮选富集云母矿物的结果。高岭土化花岗岩的矿物组成如下:高岭石、长石、石英和云母。在高岭石集中的0.630 mm和0.043 mm粒级分离后,其余为–0.630+0.043 mm级,包含石英、长石和云母。云母精矿是通过浮选浓缩获得的,长石和石英则在浮选底流中。根据矿物学分析,最丰富的矿物是云母和绿泥石/粘土,而石英和长石的含量要少得多,副矿物以微量存在。通过X射线粉末衍射(XRPD)方法获得的云母精矿的半定量矿物学分析结果为:云母≈55%,绿泥石/粘土≈35%,石英≈5%,长石(斜长石和钾长石组合)≈5%。
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引用次数: 2
Modelling of Limestone Calcination for Optimisation of Parallel Flow Regenerative Shaft Kiln (PFR), Case Study: Iran Alumina Plant 优化并流再生竖窑(PFR)的石灰石煅烧建模,案例研究:伊朗氧化铝厂
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.24425/ams.2022.141454
to produce the lime required for the bayer process, two parallel flow regenerative shaft kilns (pFr) were used in the iran Alumina plant located in Jajarm, north Khorasan province, iran. in this study, the calcination conditions of limestone were modelled in a laboratory furnace by considering three factors of limestone size, temperature and calcination time using the box-behnken method. the calcination model of limestone was obtained using a quadratic equation. due to the importance of limestone dust in the performance of industrial kilns, conditions of calcification and its reactivity with water were examined at three temperature ranges of 800, 1000, and 1200°C, by two methods of titration and standard AStM C110. the results indicated a decrease in reactivity of lime relative to the increased temperature of calcination and the lack of forming the burnt lime particles that stick together (blocking). Finally, the ratio of input limestone (kg) to fuel (m 3 ) was reduced from 16.4 to 15.3 to increase the average temperature of the burning zone to 1000°C. Also, excess air was reduced from 40 to 20%. in this condition, the lime quality was increased by about 6% in the kilns.
为了生产拜耳法所需的石灰,位于伊朗呼罗珊省北部贾贾尔姆的伊朗氧化铝厂使用了两个平行流再生竖窑(pFr)。在本研究中,采用box-behnken方法,通过考虑石灰石尺寸、温度和煅烧时间三个因素,在实验室熔炉中模拟了石灰石的煅烧条件。利用二次方程建立了石灰石煅烧模型。由于石灰石粉尘在工业窑炉性能中的重要性,在800、1000和1200°C的三个温度范围内,通过两种滴定法和标准AStM C110检测了钙化条件及其与水的反应性。结果表明,相对于煅烧温度的升高,石灰的反应性降低,并且没有形成粘在一起的煅烧石灰颗粒(堵塞)。最后,输入石灰石(kg)与燃料(m3)的比例从16.4降低到15.3,以将燃烧区的平均温度提高到1000°C。此外,过量空气从40%减少到20%。在这种条件下,窑内石灰的质量提高了6%左右。
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引用次数: 4
Key Technologies and its Application of Gob-Side Entry Retaining by Roof Cutting in a Deep Mine 深部采场采空区顶板掏槽支护的关键技术及其应用
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.24425/ams.2022.140702
Shang-Jen Chen, Q. Lv
There are many problems associated with the surrounding rocks of the gob-side entry retaining by roof cutting (gERRC) as they are difficult to stabilise in deep mines. The following needs to be studied to understand the problems such as the pressure relief mechanism, evolution law of the surrounding-rock stress and the key technologies of gERRC in deep mines. Cracks are formed by advanced directional blasting to sever the path of stress transmission from the roof of the goaf to the roof of the entry and reduce the lateral cantilever length of the roof. Therefore the surrounding-rock stress and roof structure are optimised. The broken and expanded gangue formed by the collapse of the strata in the range of roof cutting fills the mining space adequately, which avoids a rapid pressure increase caused by the roof breaking impact and slows down the movement of overlying strata. The deformation of the deep surrounding rocks is transformed from “abrupt” to “slow”, and the surrounding-rock deformation of the retained entry in deep mines is significantly reduced. The average pressure and periodic pressure of the supports near the blasting line can be reduced by the blasting cracks to a certain extent, mainly due to the reduction of the length of the immediate roof cantilever and the effective load of the main roof. The combined support technologies for gERRC in deep mines were proposed, and field tests were performed. The monitoring results show that the coordinated control system can effectively control the deformation of deep rock masses, and all indexes can meet the requirements of the next working face after the retained entry is stabilised.
深部采空区采空区顶板支护围岩难以稳定,存在许多问题。为了了解深部矿山gERRC的卸压机理、围岩应力演化规律和关键技术等问题,需要进行以下研究。裂缝是通过先进的定向爆破形成的,以切断采空区顶板向入口顶板的应力传递路径,减少顶板的横向悬臂长度。因此,优化了围岩应力和顶板结构。顶板切割范围内的地层坍塌形成的破碎膨胀脉石充分填充了开采空间,避免了顶板破碎冲击引起的压力快速增加,减缓了上覆地层的运动。深部围岩变形由“突变”变为“缓慢”,深部矿山留矿巷道围岩变形明显减小。爆破裂缝可以在一定程度上降低爆破线附近支架的平均压力和周期压力,这主要是由于直接顶板悬臂长度和主顶板有效载荷的减小。提出了gERRC在深部矿山的联合保障技术,并进行了现场试验。监测结果表明,该协调控制系统能有效控制深部岩体的变形,各项指标均能满足留巷稳定后下一工作面的要求。
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引用次数: 1
The Influence of Impurities and Fabrics on Mechanical Properties of Rock Salt for Underground Storage in Salt Caverns – a Review 杂质和织物对地下储盐岩盐力学性能的影响
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.24425/ams.2021.137454
K. Cyran
Salt caverns are used for the storage of natural gas, LPG, oil, hydrogen, and compressed air due to rock salt advantageous mechanical and physical properties, large storage capacity, flexible operations scenario with high withdrawal and injection rates. the shortand long-term mechanical behaviour and properties of rock salt are influenced by mineral content and composition, structural and textural features (fabrics). Mineral composition and fabrics of rock salt result from the sedimentary environment and post sedimentary processes. the impurities in rock salt occur in form of interlayers, laminae and aggregates. the aggregates can be dispersed within the halite grains or at the boundary of halite grains. Mineral content, mineral composition of impurities and their occurrence form as well as halite grain size contribute to the high variability of rock salt mechanical properties. the rock or mineral impurities like claystone, mudstone, anhydrite, carnallite and sylvite are discussed. Moreover, the influence of micro fabrics (in micro-scale) like fluid inclusions or crystals of other minerals on rock salt mechanical performance is described. In this paper the mechanical properties and behaviour of rock salt and their relation to mineral composition and fabrics are summarised and discussed. the empirical determination of impurities and fabrics impact on deformation mechanism of rock salt, qualitative description and formulation of constative models will improve the evaluation and prediction of cavern stability by numerical modelling methods. Moreover, studying these relations may be useful in risk assessment and prediction of cavern storage capacity.
由于岩盐具有优越的机械物理特性,储存量大,作业场景灵活,抽注速率高,可用于天然气、液化石油气、石油、氢气和压缩空气的储存。岩盐的短期和长期力学行为和性质受到矿物含量和组成、结构和质地特征(织物)的影响。岩盐的矿物组成和组构是沉积环境和沉积后作用的结果。岩盐中的杂质以夹层、层状和集合体的形式存在。团聚体可分散在岩盐颗粒内或岩盐颗粒的边界处。矿物含量、杂质的矿物组成及其赋存形式以及岩盐颗粒大小是造成岩盐力学性质高度变异性的原因。讨论了泥岩、泥岩、硬石膏、光卤石、钾盐等岩石或矿物杂质。此外,还描述了流体包裹体或其他矿物晶体等微结构(在微观尺度上)对岩盐力学性能的影响。本文综述和讨论了岩盐的力学性能和行为及其与矿物组成和组构的关系。经验确定杂质和组构对岩盐变形机理的影响,定性描述和本构模型的建立,将改进数值模拟方法对洞室稳定性的评价和预测。研究这些关系对洞室库容的风险评价和预测具有一定的指导意义。
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引用次数: 10
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF TRANSVERSE VIBRATIONS OF A HIGH-CAPACITY MINING SKIP DUE MISALIGNMENT OF THE GUIDING TRACKS IN THE HOISTING SHAFT 大容量矿用箕斗因提升井导轨错位引起的横向振动数学模型
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.24425/118882
M. Płachno
A solution is suggested to the problem which has received a great deal of researchers’ attention in the last twenty years involving the development of a mathematical model of transverse vibration experienced by high-capacity mining skips while they traverse the shaft. Such model, particularly useful when investigating fatigue damage of hoisting skips, is still being sought by engineering practitioners responsible for hoist safety. Models proposed so far have been found unsatisfactory, which was corroborated by research data showing that the underlying assumptions and involved equations need to be modified. This paper highlights the suggested modifications, basing on measurement data and the modified version of the model is verified against those data.
针对在过去二十年中受到研究人员极大关注的问题,提出了一种解决方案,包括开发大容量矿用箕斗在穿过竖井时所经历的横向振动的数学模型。这种模型在研究起重箕斗的疲劳损伤时特别有用,但负责起重安全的工程从业者仍在寻求这种模型。迄今为止提出的模型被发现不令人满意,研究数据证实了这一点,表明基本假设和相关方程需要修改。本文强调了基于测量数据的建议修改,并根据这些数据验证了模型的修改版本。
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引用次数: 3
Paraseismic Resistance Evaluation for Existing Steel Conveyor Bridge Subjected to Mining Tremors 既有钢结构输送桥在采矿震动作用下的抗异震性评价
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.24425/ams.2022.143677
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引用次数: 0
Roadway Support Design Based on In-situ Stress and Its Asymmetrical Distributions in a Coal Mine 基于地应力及其不对称分布的某煤矿巷道支护设计
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.24425/AMS.2020.133194
H. Guo, M. Ji, Weisheng Zhao
Through in-situ stress measurements, stress data were obtained from an auxiliary transportation ro- adway in a coal mine in Shanxi Province, China. Based on the principles of elastic mechanics and using a generalized plane strain model, the mechanical effects of the in-situ stresses on an idealized roadway were calculated and the distributions of stresses, displacements, and plastic zones determined. Building on this model, the vulnerable zones in the roadway cross section were identified. Ground support specifica- tions were developed and during specification design, comprehensive consideration was given to factors affecting the stability of the rock surrounding the roadway. A scientific and reasonable support scheme was put forward. Practical experience in the coal mine shows the normal forces of anchor bolt and cable, the minimal convergence of roof to floor, and a generally good support in the auxiliary transportation roadway. The support should ensure safe production during its service life. This study provides a new method for designing roadway support systems that can be particularly valuable for high-stress roadways.
通过地应力测量,获得了山西某煤矿辅助输送巷道的应力数据。基于弹性力学原理,采用广义平面应变模型,计算了理想巷道的地应力力学效应,确定了巷道的应力、位移和塑性区分布。在此基础上,确定了道路断面的易损区。制定了地面支护规范,在规范设计中综合考虑了影响巷道围岩稳定性的因素。提出了科学合理的支护方案。煤矿实践经验表明,在辅助运输巷道中,锚杆和锚索的法向力,顶板收敛最小,支护效果总体良好。支架在其使用寿命内应保证安全生产。该研究为设计巷道支护系统提供了一种新的方法,对高应力巷道尤其有价值。
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引用次数: 1
The Assessment of Longwall Working Stability Based on the Mohr-Coulomb Stress Criterion – Numerical Analysis 基于Mohr-Coulomb应力准则的长壁工作稳定性评估-数值分析
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.24425/ams.2020.134131
T. Janoszek
The use of computer techniques at the design stage of industrial facilities is essential in modern times. The ability to shorten the time required to develop a project and assess the safety of the use of assumptions, often enables the reduction of the costs incurred in the future. The possibility to skip expensive prototype tests by using 3D prototyping is why it is currently the prevailing model in the design of industrial facilities, including in the mining industry. In the case of a longwall working, its stability requires the maintenance of the geometric continuity of floor rocks in cooperation with a powered roof support. The paper investigates the problem of longwall working stability under the influence of roof properties, coal properties, shield loading and the roof-floor interaction. The longwall working stability is represented by an index, factor of safety (FOS), and is correlated with a previously proposed roof capacity index ‘g‘. The topic of the paper does address an issue of potential interest. The assessment of the stability of the roof in longwalls was based on the numerical analysis of the factor of safety (FOS), using the Mohr-Coulomb stress criterion. The Mohr-Coulomb stress criterion enables the prediction of the occurrence of failures when the connection of the maximum tensile principal stress σ1 and the minimum compressive principal stress σ3 exceed relevant stress limits. The criterion is used for materials which indicates distinct tensile and compressive characteristics. The numerical method presented in the paper can be utilized in evaluating the mining natural hazards through predicting the parameters, which determine the roof maintenance in the longwall working. One of the purposes of the numerical analysis was to draw attention to the possibilities that are currently created by specialized software as an important element accompanying the modern design process, which forms part of intelligent underground mining 4.0.
在现代工业设施的设计阶段使用计算机技术是必不可少的。能够缩短开发项目所需的时间,并评估假设使用的安全性,通常能够降低未来产生的成本。使用3D原型可以跳过昂贵的原型测试,这就是为什么它目前是包括采矿业在内的工业设施设计中的主流模型。在长壁工作的情况下,其稳定性需要与动力顶板支架配合,保持底板岩石的几何连续性。研究了在顶板性质、煤的性质、盾构荷载和顶板-底板相互作用影响下的长壁工作稳定性问题。长壁工作稳定性由一个指数,即安全系数(FOS)表示,并与之前提出的顶板承载力指数“g”相关。论文的主题确实涉及到一个潜在的利益问题。长壁顶板的稳定性评估是基于安全系数(FOS)的数值分析,使用莫尔-库仑应力准则。当最大拉伸主应力σ1和最小压缩主应力∑3的连接超过相关应力极限时,莫尔-库仑应力准则能够预测失效的发生。该标准适用于具有不同拉伸和压缩特性的材料。本文提出的数值方法可以通过预测参数来评估采矿自然灾害,这些参数决定了长壁工作中的顶板维护。数值分析的目的之一是提请人们注意目前由专业软件创造的可能性,这是现代设计过程的一个重要组成部分,也是智能地下采矿4.0的一部分。
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引用次数: 6
Development and Application of an Experimental Device for Measuring Storage Coefficient in a Coal Mine Underground Reservoir 煤矿地下水库蓄水系数测试实验装置的研制与应用
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.24425/ams.2019.129375
Beifang Wang, Keming Sun, B. Liang, Weiji Sun
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引用次数: 5
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