Australian Endodontic Journal最新文献

Although the inflammation-resolving properties of Resolvin E1 have been characterised, its effect on autophagy during pulpitis resolution remains unclear. We established a rat pulpitis model to investigate the changes in autophagy during Resolvin E1-mediated pulpitis resolution. Histological staining and gene quantification were performed to assess pulp tissue injury and changes in inflammation- and autophagy-related gene expression. In vivo, Resolvin E1 promoted dental tissue repair and reduced the expression of tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and CD68 in dental pulp tissues. Resolvin E1 significantly activated LC3II and Atg12 and decreased Atg5 level. Beclin1 expression was upregulated on day 1 and downregulated on day 3. In vitro, Resolvin E1 enhanced human dental pulp cell proliferation; reduced inflammatory marker expression; and regulated LC3II, Beclin1, Atg5, and Atg12 expression. Resolvin E1 could reduce inflammatory damage and induce autophagy response to protect dental pulp tissue.

This study evaluated the methodological quality and synthesised evidence from systematic reviews on guided tissue regeneration (GTR) in endodontic surgery. A comprehensive search across multiple databases was conducted to identify systematic reviews published up to 21 November 2024, with no language restrictions. Methodological quality was assessed using the AMSTAR-2 tool, and primary study overlap using corrected covered area (CCA) metrics. Fourteen systematic reviews, including eight meta-analyses, were included. The CCA was 12.77%, indicating high overlap, and AMSTAR-2 revealed considerable methodological variability. The use of GTR, especially the combination of bone grafts and resorbable membranes, showed improved healing outcomes in through-and-through lesions. Adjunctive use of platelet concentrates appeared to enhance postoperative recovery. However, heterogeneity in study designs and the absence of long-term follow-up limit the strength of conclusions. Overall, GTR techniques, particularly those combining grafts and membranes, show promise in endodontic surgery, but more rigorous, well-designed studies and systematic reviews are required to reinforce clinical recommendations.

Trial Registration: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42024546481

This systematic review evaluated how CBCT impacts diagnosis, treatment planning (TP) and confidence in endodontic cases compared to intraoral radiography (IR). PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane-CENTRAL, Embase, Scopus, LILACS, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases were searched. Information regarding changes in the diagnosis, TP and confidence after CBCT was evaluated. The methodological quality was assessed using QUADAS-2. Twenty-six studies were included, 10 classified as having a low risk of bias. Most studies focused on changes in TP (n = 10) or diagnosis in primary treatments (n = 7). Studies evaluating dental trauma showed the most significant improvement. CBCT impacted TP, increasing difficulty in choosing treatment for complex cases (external root resorption and complex root canal morphology) and often resulting in a more invasive treatment (i.e., tooth extraction). CBCT impacts diagnosis, TP and confidence in cases of complex endodontic treatments, often leading to more invasive treatments.

This study evaluated the performance of MTA and ready-to-use cement (Bio C Repair) in dentine repair under different blood contamination conditions. 120 bovine root dentine-disks were divided into control and blood-contaminated groups and then subdivided on the basis of cement type and exposure time (immediate or 15-min delay). The control was stored in a humid environment at 37°C for 28 days, whereas the contaminated group was stored in blood. Push-out bond strength was assessed using a universal testing machine (1 mm/min). Three samples per subgroup underwent EDS-X and SEM analysis. MTA exhibited significantly lower bond strength than Bio C Repair (p < 0.001). Samples exposed to blood showed significantly lower bond strength than controls (p < 0.001). The 15-min delay reduced bond strength only in Bio C Repair samples (p = 0.045). It can be concluded that blood contamination reduced bond strength, with the ready-to-use material demonstrating superior performance compared to the conventional bioceramic cement.

This study aimed to investigate the stress distribution on dentine, supporting tissues and restorative materials in simulated tooth models with various sized internal resorption cavities obturated with gutta-percha, MTA or Biodentine. A 3D finite element model was developed using Wheeler's dental atlas. The cortical and trabecular bone, lamina dura, and periodontal ligament were modelled. A healthy tooth served as the control, while the other models featured internal resorption cavities of various sizes in the middle third. In the treated models, the resorption cavities were restored with gutta-percha, MTA or Biodentine; the apical and coronal thirds were filled with gutta-percha. Seventeen models were subjected to a 100 N force at a 135° angle. Stress increased with resorption size but decreased after treatment. Gutta-percha models showed the highest stress on dentine and bone, while Biodentine had the lowest. However, Biodentine accumulated the most stress within the material. Larger resorption cavities increased stress, while Biodentine and MTA transmitted less stress to dentine than gutta-percha.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different incubation periods on the push-out bond strength and microhardness of calcium-silicate-based materials: MTA-Angelus, Biodentine and BIOfactor MTA. A total of 100 dentine discs were used for the push-out test. Three cavities were prepared on each dentine disc. Each cavity on the same disc was filled with MTA-Angelus, Biodentine or BIOfactor MTA. Half of the dentine samples were incubated at 37°C for 1 day, and the other half for 28 days (n = 50). Push-out testing was then performed. For the microhardness test, material discs were prepared by mixing the materials and placing them into Teflon moulds (n = 26). The samples were incubated at 37°C for either 1 day or 28 days (n = 13). Vickers microhardness testing was conducted. The data were statistically analysed. The results showed that Biodentine exhibited the highest bond strength and microhardness at both time points, while MTA-Angelus showed the lowest (p < 0.05). Overall, Biodentine demonstrated superior performance, while BIOfactor MTA showed promising but moderate results.

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of a new multifunctional single endodontic irrigant on the push-out bond strength and adhesive interface between gutta-percha and an epoxy resin-based sealer and root dentine. Forty-eight human maxillary canines were randomly assigned to four irrigation protocols (n = 12): NaOCl 2.5% + EDTA 17% + saline (SHE), Triton solution + saline (T), Triton solution + EDTA 17% + saline (TE) and NaOCl 2.5% + Triton solution + saline (SHT). Root canals were prepared with the WaveOne Gold Large system and obturated using a single WaveOne Large cone with AH Plus sealer. The SHE group showed the highest bond strength (4.87 ± 0.84 MPa), significantly higher than those of the other groups (p < 0.001). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed better adaptation in SHE, whereas T, TE and SHT exhibited gaps. The new irrigant resulted in lower bond strength and poorer adaptation of the adhesive interface.

There is limited clinical information regarding the efficacy and safety of laser treatment in endodontics and dentistry. This comprehensive literature review discusses the clinical efficacy, advantages and limitations of laser use in these fields. Carbon dioxide (CO₂), diode, erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er: YAG), Er, Chromium (Cr): YAG, and neodymium (Nd): YAG lasers have been used in endodontic treatments. Laser technology has revolutionised endodontic treatment by enhancing disinfection, promoting healing, facilitating root canal treatment, improving canal shaping and decreasing pain associated with endodontic treatments. General dental care has improved by laser advancements in drilling, preparing cavities, reshaping the gingiva, teeth bleaching, addressing periodontal disease and diagnosis. Their high precision results in minimal disruption of adjacent tissues, which in turn minimises bleeding, decreases patient discomfort, and accelerates recovery times. Further clinical randomised studies are required to compare laser treatments with conventional methods, particularly in the context of cost-effectiveness.

This systematic review investigates the clinical use of bioceramic materials in retrograde apicectomy, a surgical endodontic procedure aimed at managing persistent periapical pathology. The review follows the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and is registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251022135). Comprehensive searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from January 2000 to December 2024. Studies were included if they were human clinical trials evaluating bioceramic materials in retrograde apicectomies with a minimum follow-up of 6 months. Data extraction included sample size, material type, healing outcomes, and complications. Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Findings indicated that bioceramics demonstrated superior sealing ability, biocompatibility, and osteoconductive properties compared to traditional materials such as amalgam or IRM. The analysis highlights the effectiveness of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and newer formulations such as bioceramic putty and premixed hydraulic silicate cements. Bioceramics are positioned as a promising standard in apical surgery, though further long-term controlled studies are warranted.