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Financial literacy of students in Serbian language and literature classes in the second cycle of primary education 初等教育第二阶段塞尔维亚语文学班学生的金融知识
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zrffp53-40970
Saša Čorboloković, Biljana Nikić
Financial literacy is important not only for the independent development of an individual but also for the progress of the entire society; hence, the need to include financial literacy in the education system. This paper investigates several aspects of introducing financial literacy in Serbian language and literature classes in the second cycle of primary education. The paper showed that financial literacy does not have to be a separate subject; its principles can be adopted gradually and in the classes of core subjects. This study aims at investigating the areas and teaching units of the curriculum wherein the topics of money, consumption, saving, and value and its good and bad sides could be incorporated; it also looks at the practical implications of financial literacy in real-life situations. The analysis of the curriculum of the Serbian language and literature course, from the fifth to the eighth grade, has shown that the subject provides a good framework for developing financial literacy. This can be done mainly through two teaching and learning areas-literature and language use. This study investigates how money and its value can be discussed when interpreting many literary works. Existence and social status depend on money; money is often a means for achieving various goals and it helps build up literary characters. In the area of language use, lexical exercises can be enriched with examples from lexicology and phraseology that are thematically related to finance. In addition, thoughtful use of non-linear texts can be very useful for practicing data search. There are numerous topics for discussion or essays that contribute to the formation of good financial habits, especially in the age of consumerism and the constant appearance of new products with aggressive marketing. Finances can be discussed in all types of classes and through a wide range of tasks, e.g., quizzes that can also be devised in a digital format. In this way, numerous concepts of financial literacy are being adopted gradually, students are motivated to work, behave responsibly, and develop critical thinking skills; they are trained to understand the importance of thoughtful financial decisions better and easier and apply financial literacy principles later in adulthood.
金融素养不仅对个人的独立发展很重要,而且对整个社会的进步也很重要;因此,有必要将金融知识纳入教育体系。本文探讨了在小学第二阶段塞尔维亚语言文学课程中引入金融知识的几个方面。这篇论文表明,金融知识不一定是一个单独的学科;它的原则可以在核心科目的课堂上逐步采用。本研究旨在调查课程的领域和教学单元,其中包括金钱、消费、储蓄和价值等主题及其好与坏的方面;它还着眼于金融知识在现实生活中的实际意义。对从五年级到八年级的塞尔维亚语言和文学课程的分析表明,这门课程为发展金融知识提供了一个良好的框架。这主要可以通过两个教学和学习领域——文学和语言使用来实现。本研究探讨在解读许多文学作品时,如何讨论金钱及其价值。生存和社会地位取决于金钱;金钱通常是实现各种目标的一种手段,它有助于塑造文学人物。在语言使用方面,词汇练习可以通过词汇学和短语学中与金融主题相关的例子来丰富。此外,考虑周到地使用非线性文本对于练习数据搜索是非常有用的。有许多话题的讨论或文章,有助于形成良好的金融习惯,特别是在消费主义的时代和新产品的不断出现与积极的营销。财务可以在所有类型的课程中讨论,并通过各种各样的任务进行讨论,例如,也可以设计成数字格式的小测验。通过这种方式,许多金融知识的概念逐渐被接受,学生们有动力去工作,负责任的行为,并培养批判性思维能力;他们接受的训练是更好、更容易地理解深思熟虑的财务决策的重要性,并在成年后应用财务知识原则。
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引用次数: 0
Zaklâtie smehom V. Hlebnikova u prevodu na srpski jezik
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zrffp53-41941
Sanja R. Milićević
U radu se analiziraju kovanice u jednoj od najpoznatijih pjesama ruskog futuriste Velimira Hlebnikova, pod nazivom Zaklâtie smehom. Primjeri autorskih kovanica iz originalnog teksta upoređuju se sa leksemama koje su iskorišćene u prevodu ove pjesme na srpski jezik, čiji je autor pjesnik Zoran Kostić. Analizom su obuhvaćeni tvorbeni i semantički aspekti autorskih i prevodilačkih kovanica i ukazano je na određena značenjska pomjeranja koja nastaju s ciljem usklađivanja versifikacije ili pojačavanja ekspresivnosti.
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引用次数: 0
Georgije Mitrofanović's fresco composition with representations of medieval rulers in the southern apse of the Hilandar refectory 乔治耶·米特罗法诺维奇在希兰达尔餐厅南部后殿的壁画组成与中世纪统治者的代表
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937//zrffp53-46720
Nikolaos Dionysopoulos, Vesna Milanović
The composition with representations of medieval rulers is a unique structure within the fresco-ensemble of the Hilandar refectory, which was signed by the painter Georgije Mitrofanović in 1621/1622, replacing the previous, three centuries older works. It depicts Serbian King Milutin and the Byzantine Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos in a paraphrased version of the solution found in medieval portraits within the narthex of the Catholicon of the Monastery. With some modifications, it was incorporated into a new programmatic context, together with figures of Saint Simon the Monk (most likely representing the former King Uroš I) and Saint Stefan Dečanski. The formation of the latter pair is based on iconographic patterns that combine the initial theme of the pious rulers' patronage with motifs of martyrdom and unwavering faith. The new visual ensemble, featuring figures of pious and orthodox rulers from the medieval past, is completed by the insertion of the symbol of the cross between them and by placing all the figures under the protection and blessing of Christ, the Angel of Great Counsel. Why did the creator of this pictorial program connect the bygone rulers, patrons of the monastery, with a distinctive, non-traditional representation of Christ? How does the passage of time since the medieval period affect the reception of this iconographic group? What does the medallion with the cross and Christogram signify in the given arrangement? These and similar questions, mostly overlooked in previous discussions focused on the restoration aspect of Mitrofanović's work, stem from the endeavour to understand what was achieved through the characteristics and circumstances of the era in which the refectory was repainted, particularly in the context of the challenges faced by the Orthodox community within the then Ottoman state.
这幅以中世纪统治者为代表的作品是Hilandar餐厅壁画中的一个独特结构,由画家Georgije mitrofanovic在1621/1622年签署,取代了之前三个世纪以前的作品。这幅画描绘了塞尔维亚国王米卢廷和拜占庭皇帝安德洛尼科斯二世(Andronikos II Palaiologos),这幅画是在修道院天主教教堂内的中世纪肖像画中发现的解决方案的转述版本。经过一些修改,它被纳入了一个新的规划环境,连同圣西门修士(最有可能代表前国王乌洛什一世)和圣斯特凡·德安斯基的人物。后一对的形成是基于图像模式,结合了最初的主题,虔诚的统治者的赞助与殉难和坚定的信仰的主题。新的视觉组合以中世纪虔诚和正统统治者的形象为特色,在他们之间插入十字架的象征,并将所有的人物置于大顾问天使基督的保护和祝福之下,从而完成了视觉组合。为什么这个绘画项目的创造者将过去的统治者,修道院的赞助人,与一个独特的,非传统的基督代表联系起来?自中世纪以来,时间的流逝如何影响对这一肖像组的接受?在给定的排列中,带有十字架和基督图案的大奖章表示什么?这些和类似的问题,在之前的讨论中大多被忽视,主要集中在米特罗法诺维奇作品的修复方面,源于努力理解通过重新粉刷食堂时代的特征和环境所取得的成就,特别是在当时奥斯曼国家东正教社区面临挑战的背景下。
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引用次数: 0
Grigorije Camblak's description of the construction of the Dečani church: Its features and models 格里戈里耶·坎布拉克对de<e:1>阿尼教堂建设的描述:特点与模式
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zrffp53-44977
Anđela Gavrilović
In describing the life and deeds of Serbian Holy King Stefan of Dečani (1322-1331), the author of the second biography of the Serbian king and abbot of the Dečani Monastery, Grigorije Camblak (c.1364-1419/1420) gives an account of the construction of the Holy King's endowment dedicated to Christ Pantokrator (Figs. 1-2). He describes in detail the way in which the marble blocks of the church were carved with great skill, prepared and perfectly inserted into the overall structure of the building. He states, "...and the stones are wonderfully and most artfully joined together, so that it seems as if the face of the whole church is one stone wonderfully joined together with skill, so that it seems as if one piece of stone, appearing in an unspeakable beauty…since it is a perfectly carved stone and testifies to the dignity of those who created it" (Camblak, 1936, p. 23; Trifunović, 1985, p. 183). The paper notes that the quoted description of the church construction emphatically represents learned ancient literary topos used to describe the most representative architectural monuments, especially those made of marble and deals with the origin and tradition of this specific way of describing the building construction.
在描述塞尔维亚德阿尼神圣国王斯特凡(1322-1331)的生平和事迹时,塞尔维亚国王和德阿尼修道院院长第二部传记的作者Grigorije Camblak(约1364-1419/1420)描述了神圣国王为基督Pantokrator捐赠的建筑(图1-2)。他详细描述了教堂的大理石块是如何以精湛的技艺雕刻而成,并完美地嵌入到建筑的整体结构中。他说:“……这些石头奇妙而巧妙地结合在一起,仿佛整个教堂的脸都是一块石头,巧妙地结合在一起,仿佛一块石头,呈现出一种难以形容的美……因为它是一块完美雕刻的石头,证明了创造者的尊严”(Camblak, 1936, p. 23;特里富诺维奇,1985年,第183页)。本文指出,所引用的对教堂建筑的描述着重代表了古代文学的主题,用于描述最具代表性的建筑古迹,特别是大理石建筑,并讨论了这种描述建筑建筑的具体方式的起源和传统。
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引用次数: 0
The association between psychological inflexibility and mental health during the third wave of COVID-19 pandemic 第三波COVID-19大流行期间心理不灵活性与心理健康之间的关系
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zrffp53-43010
Vesna Barzut, Jelena Blanuša, Jasmina Knežević, Gordana Marinković
This study aimed to compare the psychological functioning of people with different experiences with coronavirus infection in the second year of the pandemic (February-June 2021) and to explore the role of psychological inflexibility in the experienced level of distress. A total of 860 people (753 females, 429 COVID-19 convalescents) participated in this study. Results showed that people who experienced the hospitalization of a loved one reported higher levels of stress. On the other hand, people who had recovered from COVID-19 infections showed higher levels of anxiety but, interestingly, lower levels of stress compared to those who had not been infected with the coronavirus. Sequential mediation analysis revealed that psychological inflexibility had both direct and indirect effects on general distress, with the latter occurring via fatigue and subjective well-being. This study provided additional support for the importance of psychological flexibility in mental health, even during adverse times such as COVID-19 pandemic.
本研究旨在比较大流行第二年(2021年2月至6月)不同冠状病毒感染经历者的心理功能,并探讨心理不灵活性在经历痛苦程度中的作用。共有860人(女性753人,新冠肺炎恢复期429人)参与了这项研究。结果显示,经历过亲人住院治疗的人报告的压力水平更高。另一方面,与未感染冠状病毒的人相比,从COVID-19感染中康复的人表现出更高的焦虑水平,但有趣的是,他们的压力水平较低。序贯中介分析显示,心理不灵活性对一般痛苦有直接和间接影响,后者通过疲劳和主观幸福感发生。这项研究为心理灵活性在心理健康中的重要性提供了额外的支持,即使在COVID-19大流行等不利时期也是如此。
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引用次数: 0
A nation at bay: Ruth Farnham's and Douglas Walshe's accounts from the Macedonian front 陷入困境的国家:露丝·法纳姆和道格拉斯·沃尔什从马其顿前线发回的报道
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zrffp53-41660
Milica Spremić-Končar
This paper analyses two war travelogues from World War I whose authors served in the Serbian Army on the Macedonian front, Ruth Farnham's A Nation at Bay: What an American Woman Saw and Did in Suffering Serbia and Douglas Walshe's With the Serbs in Macedonia. Farnham's duty was to take charge of the medical stores brought to Serbia from various English and American sources and Walshe was a driver in a Light Supply and Ammunition Column of Ford vans attached to the Serbian Army. Apart from offering detailed descriptions of their duties, Farnham and Walshe convey through their travelogues a very favourable picture of Serbia and its people, thus distancing themselves from the discourse of Balkanism, predominant in Great Britain and the United States during World War I. With due respect they write about Serbian soldiers, their ethics and humane attitude towards the Austrian and Bulgarian prisoners of war, whereas they do not hesitate to condemn the Allies' treasonous response towards the Serbian Army in times of its greatest need. Having come to the Macedonian front to learn about Serbia and help it, Ruth Farnham and Douglas Walshe can be said to have challenged the negative reputation Serbia had in the British and American public. Their war travelogues clearly show that what they saw and experienced is in many ways incongruous with the then predominant discourse of Balkanism. That is why Farnham reveals to her reader that she feels "the highest regard for that brave little nation, Serbia, and its gallant and heroic people" and Walshe ends his book in a simple and memorable sentence: "It has been a privilege to serve them".
本文分析了鲁思·法纳姆的《陷入困境的国家:一个美国女人在苦难的塞尔维亚看到和做了什么》和道格拉斯·沃尔什的《与马其顿的塞尔维亚人在一起》这两本作者曾在马其顿前线的塞尔维亚军队服役的第一次世界大战的战争游记。法纳姆的职责是负责从英国和美国各方面运来塞尔维亚的医疗物资,而沃尔什是塞尔维亚军队的福特轻型货车的一名司机。法纳姆和沃尔什除了详细描述他们的职责外,还通过他们的游记描绘了塞尔维亚及其人民的良好形象,从而使自己远离了一战期间在英国和美国占主导地位的巴尔干主义言论。出于应有的尊重,他们描写了塞尔维亚士兵、他们对待奥地利和保加利亚战俘的道德和人道态度。而他们却毫不犹豫地谴责协约国在塞尔维亚军队最需要的时候对其作出的叛国反应。露丝·法纳姆和道格拉斯·沃尔什来到马其顿前线,了解塞尔维亚并帮助它,可以说,他们挑战了塞尔维亚在英美公众中的负面声誉。他们的战争游记清楚地表明,他们的所见所闻在很多方面与当时巴尔干主义的主流话语不一致。这就是为什么法纳姆向读者透露,她“对塞尔维亚这个勇敢的小国及其英勇的人民怀有最高的敬意”,沃尔什用一句简单而难忘的话结束了他的书:“为他们服务是我的荣幸”。
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引用次数: 0
Derivational and semantic characteristics of zoonymous onomatopoeia in Serbian 塞尔维亚语人声拟声词的衍生及语义特征
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zrffp53-41098
Gordana Štasni, Gordana Štrbac
The paper discusses the derivational and semantic characteristics of zoonymous onomatopoeia, based on the imitation of animal sounds. According to their morphological and communicative features, these units are primarily interjections. Nevertheless, from other onomatopoeic words, zoonymous onomatopoeias stand out for their productivity and semantic and derivational characteristics. The methodology applied in the work includes the usual procedures for semantic-derivative research - analysis of the formation structure of derivatives and the application of elements of componential analysis in the interpretation of the semantic extension of the observed units. Derivative analysis shows that most of these units have the inductive ability to create derivatives. In some cases, the derivation is blocked, which can be conditioned by different causes. Motive onomatopoeic interjections form nests of similar content. The most productive is the formation of verbs, which take on an inductive function and form a whole series of new derivatives. On the semantic level, zoonymous onomatopoeias are mostly one-meaning words, but their derivatives, verbs and nouns, are characterized by polysemy, the basis of which is most often a metaphorical transposition from the animal to the human as a designate, which is often accompanied by negative expressiveness, which goes in the derogatory direction, although there are other examples by positive expressiveness.
本文从动物声音的模仿出发,探讨了人声拟声词的衍生特征和语义特征。从它们的形态和交际特征来看,这些单位主要是感叹词。然而,从其他拟声词中,兽名拟声词以其生产力和语义和衍生特征而脱颖而出。在工作中应用的方法包括通常的程序的语义衍生物的研究-衍生物的形成结构的分析和应用成分分析的元素在解释的语义扩展观察单位。导数分析表明,这些单位大多具有产生导数的归纳能力。在某些情况下,推导受阻,这可能是由不同的原因造成的。动机拟声感叹词形成相似内容的巢。最有成效的是动词的形成,它具有归纳功能,形成了一系列新的衍生词。在语义层面上,动物同义拟声词多为单义词,而其衍生词动词和名词则具有多义性,多义性的基础往往是将动物比喻为人,作为一个指定物,这往往伴随着消极的表达,向贬义方向发展,尽管也有积极表达的例子。
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引用次数: 0
Participation of the delegation of the Serbian Church in the election of the Russian patriarch in 1945 and the arrival of the Russian Church in Yugoslavia
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zrffp53-40679
Boris Fajfrić
After the death of the Russian patriarch Sergius, preparations for the election of a new patriarch began immediately, in which the government of the Soviet Union provided ample assistance. Unlike the last election, in which Sergius had been elected through the Synod and several bishops because of warfare, this time it was planned for the election assembly to be held in full presence of all the bishops, priests, and lay people. It was also planned to invite the heads of other Orthodox churches, including the Serbian Orthodox Church. As Patriarch Gavrilo was prevented from responding to the summons, as he was in captivity and nothing was known about him, his then deputy metropolitan of Skopje, Josif Cvijović, and the bishop of Niš, Jovan Ilić, went to the assembly. At that time, they witnessed the strengthening of the Russian Church, with the help of the state.
在俄罗斯宗主教谢尔盖去世后,选举新宗主教的准备工作立即开始,其中苏联政府提供了充分的援助。与上次选举不同的是,由于战争,塞尔吉乌斯是通过主教会议和几位主教选举出来的,这次选举大会计划在所有主教、牧师和平信徒都在场的情况下举行。还计划邀请其他东正教会的领袖,包括塞尔维亚东正教会的领袖。由于加夫里洛宗主教被囚禁,对他的情况一无所知,无法对传唤作出反应,他当时的斯科普里副都主教乔西夫·奇维约维奇和尼斯主教约万·伊里奇前往集会。当时,他们在国家的帮助下见证了俄罗斯教会的壮大。
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引用次数: 0
Bibliografija - pomoć svakom dijalektologu - Marković Brankica: Ka indeksiranju dijalekatskih tekstova publikovanih u Republici Srbiji, Srpski dijalektološki zbornik, Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti i Institut za srpski jezik SANU, Beograd, 2022
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zrffp53-44671
Gordana Dragin
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引用次数: 0
Reconstructing a late Archaic-period Dionysian ship cart 重建古代晚期酒神的船车
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zrffp53-45389
Shelley Wachsmann, Donald Sanders
The Greek deity Dionysos had a particular affinity for war galleys, a relationship perhaps explained by the Homeric Hymn to Dionysos in which Tyrsenian pirates kidnap him on their galley. Soon grape vines entangle the rigging and some of the pirates attempt to escape their fate by jumping into the sea: Dionysos transforms them into dolphins. This hymn served as an occasional motif in pagan art and may explain the miniaturized replicas of seagoing oared ships that played an integral role in the ancient Dionysian cult. These flimsy Dionysian ship carts moved overland in parades, either on wheels or upon the shoulders of celebrants. While the earliest examples may date to the Late Bronze Age, they are best known from a series of three late Archaic-period representations on black-figure skyphoi, now in museums in Athens, Bologna and London. No two Archaic-period Dionysian ship-cart representations are identical in all details. While perhaps due to painters' whims, this diversity in appearance may reflect changes to the ship carts at each annual appearance, analogous to modern-day parade floats. Due to the two-dimensional nature of these ship-cart images, it is impossible today to determine whether the Dionysian ship carts reflected in them consisted of actual vessels-purpose-built and placed on wagons during the procession, employed solely for the Dionysian celebrations-or floats in the form of miniaturized galleys. This paper supplies context and explains the process of creating a three-dimensional digital reconstruction of a generic Late Archaic-period Dionysian ship cart employing contemporaneous imagery and artifacts.
希腊神狄奥尼索斯对战舰有着特殊的亲和力,这种关系也许可以从荷马史诗中狄奥尼索斯的赞美诗中得到解释,其中提尔塞尼海盗在战舰上绑架了他。很快,葡萄藤缠住了索具,一些海盗试图跳入海中逃脱命运:狄俄尼索斯把他们变成了海豚。这首赞美诗偶尔成为异教艺术的主题,也许可以解释在古代酒神崇拜中扮演重要角色的海上划桨船的微缩复制品。这些脆弱的酒神船车行进在陆地上,或在轮子上,或在司礼人的肩膀上。虽然最早的例子可以追溯到青铜时代晚期,但它们最为人所知的是一系列三幅古代晚期的黑色天象代表,现在在雅典、博洛尼亚和伦敦的博物馆里。没有两种古酒神时期的船-车的表现在所有细节上都是相同的。也许是由于画家的异想天开,这种外观的多样性可能反映了每年出现的船车的变化,类似于现代的游行花车。由于这些船车图像的二维性质,今天我们无法确定它们所反映的酒神的船车是由真正的船只组成的——在游行中专门建造并放置在马车上,仅用于酒神的庆祝活动——还是以小型大帆船的形式出现的浮船。本文提供了背景,并解释了使用同时代的图像和人工制品创建一个通用的晚古时期酒神船车的三维数字重建过程。
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引用次数: 0
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Zbornik Radova Filozofskog Fakulteta u Pristini
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