Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.jmra.2020.015
N. Karunakaran, L. Jacob
Online shopping is growing all over the world and is an easy solution for the people in the busy life. Recently there has been massive change in the way of customer’s shopping and online shopping saves crucial time of people. Youth contributes a considerable proportion in India and significantly larger share than global internet users. The increase of online shopping has become a trend for consumers. The study indicates that pattern and preference towards online is mainly due to reasons like cash on delivery, discounts and different type of quality products offered. Increasing use of internet, satisfactorily results in online shopping, rise in standard of living, influence of friendship and attractive offers had affected college students to prefer online shopping. Keywords: Online shopping, College students, Pattern, Preference, Kasaragod.
{"title":"Online shopping among college students in Kasaragod: pattern and preference","authors":"N. Karunakaran, L. Jacob","doi":"10.18231/j.jmra.2020.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jmra.2020.015","url":null,"abstract":"Online shopping is growing all over the world and is an easy solution for the people in the busy life. Recently there has been massive change in the way of customer’s shopping and online shopping saves crucial time of people. Youth contributes a considerable proportion in India and significantly larger share than global internet users. The increase of online shopping has become a trend for consumers. The study indicates that pattern and preference towards online is mainly due to reasons like cash on delivery, discounts and different type of quality products offered. Increasing use of internet, satisfactorily results in online shopping, rise in standard of living, influence of friendship and attractive offers had affected college students to prefer online shopping. \u0000\u0000\u0000Keywords: Online shopping, College students, Pattern, Preference, Kasaragod.","PeriodicalId":55819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Management and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"68-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89912505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is a research paper that is focused on the evaluation of senior nursing leadership perceptions and its impacts on Emergency Medical Centre (EMC) practices and developments related to private hospital provision in Bangkok. An interpretive methodology was utilised in order to help understand senior nurses’ perceptions underpinning nursing leadership. The scope for this research were EMC teams. The population of interest was made up of 13 senior nurses, encompassing single-site private hospitals in Bangkok. Ten (10) senior-level nursing practitioners at Emergency Trauma Centres were carefully targeted as a resultant sample size. The research outcomes consisted of three (3) Main Themes Individual Nursing Characteristics; System Qualities; Work Features and ten (10) sub-themes with 248 dialogue targets. The paper addresses a number of raised areas resulting out of the analysis of the narrative to ascertain implications for managing senior nursing leadership requirements within the EMC of private hospitals and addresses hospital concerns/responses and managerial difficulties related to developing opportunities for senior nurse leadership in private hospital EMCs.
{"title":"Examining the Role of Senior Nursing Leadership Requirements in Emergency Medical Centers","authors":"P. James","doi":"10.5296/jmr.v12i3.17056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5296/jmr.v12i3.17056","url":null,"abstract":"This is a research paper that is focused on the evaluation of senior nursing leadership perceptions and its impacts on Emergency Medical Centre (EMC) practices and developments related to private hospital provision in Bangkok. An interpretive methodology was utilised in order to help understand senior nurses’ perceptions underpinning nursing leadership. The scope for this research were EMC teams. The population of interest was made up of 13 senior nurses, encompassing single-site private hospitals in Bangkok. Ten (10) senior-level nursing practitioners at Emergency Trauma Centres were carefully targeted as a resultant sample size. The research outcomes consisted of three (3) Main Themes Individual Nursing Characteristics; System Qualities; Work Features and ten (10) sub-themes with 248 dialogue targets. The paper addresses a number of raised areas resulting out of the analysis of the narrative to ascertain implications for managing senior nursing leadership requirements within the EMC of private hospitals and addresses hospital concerns/responses and managerial difficulties related to developing opportunities for senior nurse leadership in private hospital EMCs.","PeriodicalId":55819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Management and Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75043035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Project portfolio management (PPM) is an important area of interest in many organizations. There is a wide literature on each of many different aspects of PPM. The central purpose of the current paper is to focus on a specific sub-area of PPM, namely the project portfolio selection (PPS) problem. Specifically, we develop a new methodology that will aid management in choosing from a set of candidate project proposals, a subset of those project proposals that align with strategic objectives of the organization. Research methodology is based on the data envelopment analysis (DEA) construct to compare a set of decision making units (such as proposed projects) to arrive at an efficiency score for each member of this competing set, derive the best performers, generate an efficiency frontier and quantify inefficiency in the non-best performers. While DEA has been applied in numerous settings, the unique feature of the project portfolio application is the presence of two sets of data, namely pre-implementation “estimates”, and post-implementation “actuals”. Our methodology is unique in that it uses the idea of dual DEA frontiers based on such before and after data for a set of past projects. Dual frontier concept makes not only an important practical contribution to the PPS literature, but as well it opens new directions and provides an innovative advancement in the DEA literature. The requisite data is not publicly available. Therefore, we develop a general methodology to illustrate our technique.
{"title":"Project Portfolio Selection under Uncertainty: A DEA Methodology using Predicted and Actual Frontiers","authors":"A. Hassan, W. Cook","doi":"10.5296/jmr.v12i3.17121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5296/jmr.v12i3.17121","url":null,"abstract":"Project portfolio management (PPM) is an important area of interest in many organizations. There is a wide literature on each of many different aspects of PPM. The central purpose of the current paper is to focus on a specific sub-area of PPM, namely the project portfolio selection (PPS) problem. Specifically, we develop a new methodology that will aid management in choosing from a set of candidate project proposals, a subset of those project proposals that align with strategic objectives of the organization. Research methodology is based on the data envelopment analysis (DEA) construct to compare a set of decision making units (such as proposed projects) to arrive at an efficiency score for each member of this competing set, derive the best performers, generate an efficiency frontier and quantify inefficiency in the non-best performers. While DEA has been applied in numerous settings, the unique feature of the project portfolio application is the presence of two sets of data, namely pre-implementation “estimates”, and post-implementation “actuals”. Our methodology is unique in that it uses the idea of dual DEA frontiers based on such before and after data for a set of past projects. Dual frontier concept makes not only an important practical contribution to the PPS literature, but as well it opens new directions and provides an innovative advancement in the DEA literature. The requisite data is not publicly available. Therefore, we develop a general methodology to illustrate our technique.","PeriodicalId":55819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Management and Research","volume":"67 1","pages":"58-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79809966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effective Management Control sheds light on relatively misunderstood and neglected aspect of organizational effectiveness. It critically analyzes the process of controlling people’s behaviour in any organization. The issue of the design of an optimal control system and organizational control is considered to be significant for an organization’s long-term effectiveness.
{"title":"Book review: Effective Management Control; Theory and practice by Flamholtz & Eric G.","authors":"M. Asdullah, H. Yazdifar","doi":"10.29145//JMR/71/070110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145//JMR/71/070110","url":null,"abstract":"Effective Management Control sheds light on relatively misunderstood and neglected aspect of organizational effectiveness. It critically analyzes the process of controlling people’s behaviour in any organization. The issue of the design of an optimal control system and organizational control is considered to be significant for an organization’s long-term effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":55819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Management and Research","volume":"64 1","pages":"235-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90876148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Zeesahn, T. Qureshi, Shahid Bashir, Usman Ahmed
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of transformational leadership and corporate reputation on employer branding by testing a hypothesized model. This study employed a quantitative online survey technique. The researcher distributed 350 questionnaires through purposive sampling out of which 132 questionnaires received back for data analysis. Regression analysis was selected to analyze the collected data to test the hypothesis developed from past literature. Results validate that transformational leadership has an impact on employer branding and employer branding has a direct impact on corporate reputation but correlation amid transformational leadership and business reputation goes insignificant when added employer branding showing full mediation of this variable. The present study backs the writings of business reputation that can be developed through transformational leadership and employer branding. The findings would be helpful for organizational leaders in developing strategies to create a corporate reputation.
{"title":"Transformational Leadership and Corporate Reputation: Mediation Effects of Employer Branding","authors":"Muhammad Zeesahn, T. Qureshi, Shahid Bashir, Usman Ahmed","doi":"10.29145/JMR/71/070108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145/JMR/71/070108","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of transformational leadership and corporate reputation on employer branding by testing a hypothesized model. This study employed a quantitative online survey technique. The researcher distributed 350 questionnaires through purposive sampling out of which 132 questionnaires received back for data analysis. Regression analysis was selected to analyze the collected data to test the hypothesis developed from past literature. Results validate that transformational leadership has an impact on employer branding and employer branding has a direct impact on corporate reputation but correlation amid transformational leadership and business reputation goes insignificant when added employer branding showing full mediation of this variable. The present study backs the writings of business reputation that can be developed through transformational leadership and employer branding. The findings would be helpful for organizational leaders in developing strategies to create a corporate reputation.","PeriodicalId":55819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Management and Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"184-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78466013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the business environment today job security is an important and primary requirement of the employees as the employees’ turnover rate is haphazardly increasing in different industrial sectors. This study determines the impact of leadership and organizational identification on the job security of teachers in the private institutions Punjab, Pakistan and the mediation of organizational identification is also tested. Data is analyzed by using Smart partial least squares structural equation modeling (Smart-PLS-SEM). Many teachers suffer from low job security that not only affect them internally but also affect their work performance. Therefore the main objective of our research is to determine the responsible factors which affect the job security of teachers working in the private educational institutions operationalized under BISE Punjab. In this paper, the parameters used for determining the job security of teachers are; Leadership, and organizational identification and mediating role of organizational identification between leadership and job security is also tested. During this study, 150 teachers from different private institutions operational in Punjab were asked to fill up the questionnaires containing a total of 32 items including different numbers of questions related to each determinant. The results showed that the determinants can explain the job security of the teachers up to a significant level. However, regression analysis and validity analysis proves that they are good predictors of job security of the employees (teachers). Beside these conclusions, this paper introduced other scientific queries and issues regarding the different types of relations or connections among the determinants and hence gives probable pathways to explain or interpret the relations.
{"title":"The Mediating Role of Organizational Identification between Leadership and Job Security: A case of Teachers in Private institutions of Punjab-Pakistan","authors":"Haider Ali, F. Hussain, Anyl Khan","doi":"10.29145//JMR/71/070109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145//JMR/71/070109","url":null,"abstract":"In the business environment today job security is an important and primary requirement of the employees as the employees’ turnover rate is haphazardly increasing in different industrial sectors. This study determines the impact of leadership and organizational identification on the job security of teachers in the private institutions Punjab, Pakistan and the mediation of organizational identification is also tested. Data is analyzed by using Smart partial least squares structural equation modeling (Smart-PLS-SEM). Many teachers suffer from low job security that not only affect them internally but also affect their work performance. Therefore the main objective of our research is to determine the responsible factors which affect the job security of teachers working in the private educational institutions operationalized under BISE Punjab. In this paper, the parameters used for determining the job security of teachers are; Leadership, and organizational identification and mediating role of organizational identification between leadership and job security is also tested. During this study, 150 teachers from different private institutions operational in Punjab were asked to fill up the questionnaires containing a total of 32 items including different numbers of questions related to each determinant. The results showed that the determinants can explain the job security of the teachers up to a significant level. However, regression analysis and validity analysis proves that they are good predictors of job security of the employees (teachers). Beside these conclusions, this paper introduced other scientific queries and issues regarding the different types of relations or connections among the determinants and hence gives probable pathways to explain or interpret the relations.","PeriodicalId":55819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Management and Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"212-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89406574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of current study is to assess the impact of top management commitment on firms’ performance, based on legitimacy theory with mediating role of environmental management accounting and environmental management control system. Survey-based data has been collected through questionnaires from ISO 14001 based manufacturing firms of Pakistan. Path analysis has been conducted by applying structural equation modelling on total 304 respondents' data to answer the study hypotheses by using SPSS and AMOS. Results of the study indicate that there is a positive and direct impact of top management commitment on the firms' environmental performance. Moreover, environmental management accounting and control system significantly mediate the relationship between top management commitment and environmental performance. The theoretical model of this study is first time developed and tested by the researcher in Pakistan. Practically, the findings of this research give a deep insight and understanding of how the managers in Pakistan can improve the environmental performance of their firms, through commitment and environmental management accounting as well as environmental management control system tools.
{"title":"Mediating Role of Environmental Management Accounting and Control System between Top Management Commitment and Environmental Performance: A Legitimacy Theory","authors":"Muhammad Amir, Syed Abdur Rehman, M. I. Khan","doi":"10.29145//jmr/71/070106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145//jmr/71/070106","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of current study is to assess the impact of top management commitment on firms’ performance, based on legitimacy theory with mediating role of environmental management accounting and environmental management control system. Survey-based data has been collected through questionnaires from ISO 14001 based manufacturing firms of Pakistan. Path analysis has been conducted by applying structural equation modelling on total 304 respondents' data to answer the study hypotheses by using SPSS and AMOS. Results of the study indicate that there is a positive and direct impact of top management commitment on the firms' environmental performance. Moreover, environmental management accounting and control system significantly mediate the relationship between top management commitment and environmental performance. The theoretical model of this study is first time developed and tested by the researcher in Pakistan. Practically, the findings of this research give a deep insight and understanding of how the managers in Pakistan can improve the environmental performance of their firms, through commitment and environmental management accounting as well as environmental management control system tools.","PeriodicalId":55819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Management and Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"132-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79448969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Preferential treatment is detrimental. Keeping in view this important perspective, this study intends to capture the impact of preferential treatment via favoritism, nepotism, and cronyism on employee commitment in Public Universities of Pakistan. To seek the objectives of the study 400 questionnaires were distributed to employees of different Public Universities. The findings of the study revealed the negative impact of favoritism, nepotism, and cronyism on employees’ commitment. The results of the study confirmed the moderating role of LMX in the relation between favoritism-organizational commitment as well between nepotism-organizational commitment relation whereas, contrary to expectations LMX did not moderate the relation between cronyism and organizational commitment. Practical implications, limitations as well future directions are discussed
{"title":"Preferential Treatment Impacts Organizational Commitment: Evidence from Public Universities of Pakistan","authors":"Filza Hameed, M. Anwar, Z. Iqbal","doi":"10.29145//JMR/71/070104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145//JMR/71/070104","url":null,"abstract":"Preferential treatment is detrimental. Keeping in view this important perspective, this study intends to capture the impact of preferential treatment via favoritism, nepotism, and cronyism on employee commitment in Public Universities of Pakistan. To seek the objectives of the study 400 questionnaires were distributed to employees of different Public Universities. The findings of the study revealed the negative impact of favoritism, nepotism, and cronyism on employees’ commitment. The results of the study confirmed the moderating role of LMX in the relation between favoritism-organizational commitment as well between nepotism-organizational commitment relation whereas, contrary to expectations LMX did not moderate the relation between cronyism and organizational commitment. Practical implications, limitations as well future directions are discussed","PeriodicalId":55819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Management and Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"79-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82966022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This descriptive survey research investigated the influence of employee demography on bank workers’ team-playing behaviour. The population of this study is the entire bank workers in Ijebu Ode Southwest, Nigeria. Participants were selected randomly while an instrument titled “Team-playing Behaviour Questionnaire (TPBQ)” was used for data collection. TPBQ is designed on a five-point rating scale divided into 3 parts. The first part contains participants’ demographic data, the second part seeks information about employees’ team-playing behaviour. The last part contains items to elicit factors that bring about non-assistive team-playing behaviour at work. TPBQ was examined by experts in Sociology and Measurements for validity. Cronbach alpha method (resulting in 0.79 reliability co-efficient) was used to test the instrument for reliability. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics of frequency counts and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC), Mean and Standard Deviation, and ANOVA.Findings revealed that employee demography (age, sex, years of experience, and job status) have a significant but varied influence on team-playing behaviour of banker workers. There are other non-demographic variables like team’s lack of focus, membership laziness, lack of voice in team deliberations, and lack of interest or required skill for the job or task given, all have high tendencies to bring about non-supportive team-playing behaviour among staff. Recommendations are raised upon these findings.
{"title":"Employees Demography and Team-Playing Behaviour of Bank Workers in Ijebu Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria","authors":"Oludeyi Olukunle Saheed, Osunnuga Adedayo Ireti","doi":"10.29145//jmr/71/070102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145//jmr/71/070102","url":null,"abstract":"This descriptive survey research investigated the influence of employee demography on bank workers’ team-playing behaviour. The population of this study is the entire bank workers in Ijebu Ode Southwest, Nigeria. Participants were selected randomly while an instrument titled “Team-playing Behaviour Questionnaire (TPBQ)” was used for data collection. TPBQ is designed on a five-point rating scale divided into 3 parts. The first part contains participants’ demographic data, the second part seeks information about employees’ team-playing behaviour. The last part contains items to elicit factors that bring about non-assistive team-playing behaviour at work. TPBQ was examined by experts in Sociology and Measurements for validity. Cronbach alpha method (resulting in 0.79 reliability co-efficient) was used to test the instrument for reliability. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics of frequency counts and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC), Mean and Standard Deviation, and ANOVA.Findings revealed that employee demography (age, sex, years of experience, and job status) have a significant but varied influence on team-playing behaviour of banker workers. There are other non-demographic variables like team’s lack of focus, membership laziness, lack of voice in team deliberations, and lack of interest or required skill for the job or task given, all have high tendencies to bring about non-supportive team-playing behaviour among staff. Recommendations are raised upon these findings.","PeriodicalId":55819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Management and Research","volume":"140 1","pages":"24-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80016684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Globalization and digitization are motivating organizations around the world to manage and internationalize their products and services. Adaptively, most Asian companies are internationalizing their businesses with respect to various industries; one obvious example is the tourism industry. The global tourism industry can be segmented into niche types such as heritage tourism, dark tourism, medical tourism, including spiritual tourism. The objective of this paper is to analyze the rise of spiritual tourism in South Asian countries and discusses its operations that are internationalized rather than being region-centric or locally focused. It is argued that that public and private tourism operators in South Asia have realized that spiritual tourism presents an attractive product to invest and market based on people, places, and events. However, the challenge is to internationalize multi-faith spiritual tourism in the context of people, places, and events that would be the only way to develop and sustain this niche segment of the tourism business. It is argued that there are various factors that could enable South Asian countries to effectively internationalize their spiritual tourism destinations. The paper concludes that business internationalization of South Asian spiritual tourism, will not only achieve economic development objectives, but also social and United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, and bi-lateral diplomatic goals for regional peace and prosperity
{"title":"The Rise of Spiritual Tourism in South Asia as Business Internationalization","authors":"Farooq Haq, Anita Medhekar","doi":"10.29145//jmr/71/070103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29145//jmr/71/070103","url":null,"abstract":"Globalization and digitization are motivating organizations around the world to manage and internationalize their products and services. Adaptively, most Asian companies are internationalizing their businesses with respect to various industries; one obvious example is the tourism industry. The global tourism industry can be segmented into niche types such as heritage tourism, dark tourism, medical tourism, including spiritual tourism. The objective of this paper is to analyze the rise of spiritual tourism in South Asian countries and discusses its operations that are internationalized rather than being region-centric or locally focused. It is argued that that public and private tourism operators in South Asia have realized that spiritual tourism presents an attractive product to invest and market based on people, places, and events. However, the challenge is to internationalize multi-faith spiritual tourism in the context of people, places, and events that would be the only way to develop and sustain this niche segment of the tourism business. It is argued that there are various factors that could enable South Asian countries to effectively internationalize their spiritual tourism destinations. The paper concludes that business internationalization of South Asian spiritual tourism, will not only achieve economic development objectives, but also social and United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, and bi-lateral diplomatic goals for regional peace and prosperity","PeriodicalId":55819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Management and Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"52-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87705017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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