Abstract The aim of the present article is the reconstruction of the chronology of the klip River affair of 1847. Reading primary sources and literature for the natal history in the 1840s I realized that the chronology of the klip River affair is incomplete and incorrect, a d that this affects the analyses of this affair and the whole situation of natal colony at that time. Therefore the decision to reconstruct the chronology of this affair as much as possible and put it straight, in hope that it will be helpful for further studies of kwaZulunatal history during 1840s and 1850s.
{"title":"Chronology of the Klip River Affair of 1847","authors":"M. Leśniewski","doi":"10.2478/WERK-2014-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/WERK-2014-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of the present article is the reconstruction of the chronology of the klip River affair of 1847. Reading primary sources and literature for the natal history in the 1840s I realized that the chronology of the klip River affair is incomplete and incorrect, a d that this affects the analyses of this affair and the whole situation of natal colony at that time. Therefore the decision to reconstruct the chronology of this affair as much as possible and put it straight, in hope that it will be helpful for further studies of kwaZulunatal history during 1840s and 1850s.","PeriodicalId":55904,"journal":{"name":"Werkwinkel-Journal of Low Countries and South African Studies","volume":"43 1","pages":"23 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84549360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The article gives a brief ‘idea history’ of Hesperian melancholy a.k.a. Hesperian depression, the fleeting state of dejection that some humans and animals experience at dusk. The term was apparently coined by the South African poet and naturalist Eugene Marais (1871-1936), who noticed the phenomenon during his field observations of baboons. Marais' observations of primates were in the first place an attempt to shed more light on the evolutionary roots of the human psyche and its afflictions - not in the least his own. A personal focus seems probable in his notes on the use of euphoria-inducing substances among animals and humans, which are an evident reflection of his own morphine addiction; but also in his writings about Hesperian depression. During his lifetime, Marais only published about Hesperian depression twice, once in a very concise article in English, and once in more elaborate form in Afrikaans. The term ‘Hesperian depression’ only became more current when his manuscript on primate behaviour, The Soul of the Ape, was posthumously published in 1963. Since then, the term and its description sometimes appear in (popular) publications of paleobiologists and scholars of the evolution of human behaviour. In psychology and psychiatry, the term was introduced by the eminent American psychoanalyst William G. Niederlander, who presented it in a 1971 article in Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association as an idea of his own. It is evident, however, that he took his cue from Marais, who thus was posthumously plagiarized.
摘要本文简要介绍了西方人忧郁的“思想史”，即西方人抑郁，即一些人和动物在黄昏时经历的一种短暂的沮丧状态。这个词显然是由南非诗人和博物学家Eugene Marais(1871-1936)创造的，他在对狒狒的实地观察中注意到了这一现象。玛莱对灵长类动物的观察，首先是试图揭示人类心理及其痛苦的进化根源——至少不是他自己的。在他的笔记中，似乎有一种个人的关注点，那就是在动物和人类中使用能引起欣快感的物质，这显然反映了他自己对吗啡的依赖;也出现在他关于西方抑郁症的著作中。在他的一生中，玛莱只发表了两次关于西方抑郁症的文章，一次是用英语写的一篇非常简明的文章，另一次是用南非荷兰语写的更详细的文章。直到1963年他关于灵长类动物行为的手稿《猿的灵魂》在他死后出版后，“赫斯派抑郁症”一词才变得更加流行。从那时起，这个术语和它的描述有时出现在古生物学家和研究人类行为进化的学者的(流行的)出版物中。在心理学和精神病学中，这个术语是由著名的美国精神分析学家威廉·g·尼德兰德(William G. Niederlander)引入的，他在1971年《美国精神分析协会杂志》(Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association)上发表的一篇文章中提出了这个概念。然而，很明显，他从玛莱那里得到了启示，因此他死后被剽窃了。
{"title":"Over Hesperiaanse Melancholie: Eugène Nielen Marais en de Geschiedenis van een poëtische Gemoedsgesteldheid","authors":"Ruben van Luijk","doi":"10.2478/werk-2014-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/werk-2014-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article gives a brief ‘idea history’ of Hesperian melancholy a.k.a. Hesperian depression, the fleeting state of dejection that some humans and animals experience at dusk. The term was apparently coined by the South African poet and naturalist Eugene Marais (1871-1936), who noticed the phenomenon during his field observations of baboons. Marais' observations of primates were in the first place an attempt to shed more light on the evolutionary roots of the human psyche and its afflictions - not in the least his own. A personal focus seems probable in his notes on the use of euphoria-inducing substances among animals and humans, which are an evident reflection of his own morphine addiction; but also in his writings about Hesperian depression. During his lifetime, Marais only published about Hesperian depression twice, once in a very concise article in English, and once in more elaborate form in Afrikaans. The term ‘Hesperian depression’ only became more current when his manuscript on primate behaviour, The Soul of the Ape, was posthumously published in 1963. Since then, the term and its description sometimes appear in (popular) publications of paleobiologists and scholars of the evolution of human behaviour. In psychology and psychiatry, the term was introduced by the eminent American psychoanalyst William G. Niederlander, who presented it in a 1971 article in Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association as an idea of his own. It is evident, however, that he took his cue from Marais, who thus was posthumously plagiarized.","PeriodicalId":55904,"journal":{"name":"Werkwinkel-Journal of Low Countries and South African Studies","volume":"10 1","pages":"55 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82120865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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