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The Men in the Life and Work of Olga Kirsch 奥尔加·基尔希生活和工作中的男人
Pub Date : 2014-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/WERK-2014-0016
E. Roth
Abstract Olga Kirsch’s life and work was dominated by three men: her father Schmuel M. Kirsch, her youth lover Ellis, and her husband Joseph Gillis. Their presence can be felt throughout her oeuvre, both in her published Afrikaans and in her unpublished English poetry culminating in a collection of seventy-seven poems written in the months that followed the death of her husband. Through these poems the reader is introduced to a passionate side of Kirsch’s personality that was rarely seen by those who knew her in the normal course of her life. These three relationships resulted in some of Kirsch’s most beautiful poetry, of which her “Vyf sonnette vir my vader” is probably the best known.
奥尔加·基尔希(Olga Kirsch)的生活和工作被三个男人主宰:她的父亲Schmuel M. Kirsch,她的青年恋人Ellis和她的丈夫Joseph Gillis。他们的存在可以在她的全部作品中感受到,无论是在她出版的南非荷兰语中,还是在她未出版的英语诗歌中,她在丈夫去世后的几个月里写了77首诗。通过这些诗,读者可以看到基尔希性格中充满激情的一面,这是那些在她的正常生活中认识她的人很少看到的。这三段关系造就了基尔希一些最美丽的诗歌,其中她的《献给维达的十四行诗》(Vyf sonnette virmy vader)可能是最著名的。
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引用次数: 0
Olga Kirsch se posisie in die Afrikaanse literêre sisteem (1900-1978) / Olga Kirsch’s Position in the Afrikaans Literary System (1900-1978) 奥尔加·基尔希在南非荷兰语literêre体系中的地位/奥尔加·基尔希在南非荷兰语文学体系中的地位(1900-1978)
Pub Date : 2014-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/werk-2014-0015
Burgert A. Senekal
Abstract Centrality and marginality are important concepts in polysystem theory, and also in network theory. This article examines Olga Kirsch’s position in the Afrikaans literary system by taking into account data spanning from 1900 to 1978. Overall centrality is discussed from the perspective of network theory and related to polysystem theory, and the concept is also applied to the literary system through the use of the Fruchterman and Reingold (1991) force-directed layout algorithm. It is indicated that Kirsch is positioned on the edge of the core or in the semicore, mainly because there are not so many people from the core who had paid attention to her works, but also because she, according to this data set, did not write on the works of others. It is also indicated which important critics, literary scholars and literary historians paid attention to her works, which contributes to her not being positioned on the periphery.
中心性和边缘性是多系统理论和网络理论中的重要概念。本文以1900年至1978年的资料为基础,考察奥尔加·基尔希在南非荷兰语文学体系中的地位。整体中心性从网络理论的角度讨论,与多系统理论相关,并通过使用Fruchterman和Reingold(1991)的力导向布局算法,将这一概念应用于文学系统。可以看出,Kirsch的位置在核心的边缘或者半核心,主要是因为核心没有那么多人关注她的作品,也因为从这个数据集来看,她并没有在别人的作品上写文章。并指出了重要的批评家、文学学者和文史家对她的作品的关注,这也是她没有被定位在边缘的原因。
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引用次数: 1
’n Nuwe lewe: Olga Kirsch se studentegedig “Resurrexit” / A New Life: Olga Kirsch’s Student Poem “Resurrexit”
Pub Date : 2014-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/WERK-2014-0012
Thomas Minnaar, E. Roth
Abstract The poem “Resurrexit” published by Olga Kirsch in 1945 in the student paper WU´s VIEWS has been all but forgotten. It is, however, a beautiful and an important poem with a pantheistic character. It commemorates the death of the young Jewish flight navigator lieutenant Alec Medalie, whose fighter plane was shot down by German antiaircraft fire near the Yugoslavian coast in 1944. Psychoanalysis opens the poem up to a reading which turns the typical male symbolic order’s death and men’s chaos caused by war into the young man’s rebirth as a new form of being. This happens through the maternal earth’s uterine sea. The fallen is absorbed by the sea and after a period taken up into the clouds to return to the mother and the earth, albeit in a new form. The concept of the chora plays a part in this resurrection which offers consolation to all who are subject to the inevitable uncertainty of the human condition and those who stay behind after a sudden death.
奥尔加·基尔希(Olga Kirsch) 1945年发表在学生论文《吴的观点》(WU’s VIEWS)上的诗歌《复活》(Resurrexit)几乎已被遗忘。然而,这是一首美丽而重要的诗,具有泛神论的特点。它是为了纪念年轻的犹太飞行员亚历克·梅达利中尉的死亡,他的战斗机1944年在南斯拉夫海岸附近被德国防空炮火击落。精神分析打开了这首诗的阅读,将典型的男性象征秩序的死亡和男性因战争而造成的混乱转变为年轻人作为一种新的存在形式的重生。这是通过母性大地的子宫海发生的。堕落的人被大海吸收,一段时间后被云层带走,回到母亲和大地,尽管是以一种新的形式。合唱团的概念在这种复活中发挥了作用,它为所有遭受人类状况不可避免的不确定性的人以及那些在突然死亡后留下的人提供了安慰。
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引用次数: 0
A Poet for All Seasons 四季皆宜的诗人
Pub Date : 2014-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/werk-2014-0009
Daniel Hugo
Abstract This is a translation of a general introduction to an anthology of poetry by Olga Kirsch. Major themes and motifs of her work are outlined, as well as a short biography of the authoress is presented. The selection from the poems of Olga Kirsch was published to celebrate her 70th birthday on 23rd of September 1994 as Nou spreek ek weer bekendes aan: ’n Keur 1944-1983 [Now I’m Again Addressing Familiar Ones: A Selection 1944-1983]. For the purposes of the translation the ending of the original introduction has been altered.
本文是奥尔加·基尔希诗集的导言部分的翻译。她的作品的主要主题和母题概述,以及作者的简短传记提出。奥尔加·基尔希诗集选集于1994年9月23日出版,以庆祝她70岁的生日,书名为《现在我再次向熟悉的人致敬:1944-1983年诗集选集》。为了翻译的目的,原引言的结尾处作了改动。
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引用次数: 0
Olga Kirsch: ’n Vreemde boom op hierdie aarde / Olga Kirsch: A Strange Tree on This Earth Olga Kirsch: ' n freemde boom op hierdie aarde / Olga Kirsch:地球上一棵奇怪的树
Pub Date : 2014-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/WERK-2014-0010
E. Venter
Abstract The article traces the lasting alienation of Olga Kirsch (1927-1994), a Jewish-born South African poet, as represented in her seven volumes of Afrikaans poetry published between 1944 and 1983. Growing up in a devoutly Christian, Afrikaans-speaking rural community, she found herself an outsider. The conditions at home brought little comfort, while the awareness of the racial discrimination which permeated society further contributed to her isolation. Seeking for a heimat, she emigrated to Israel at the age of 24. Reading her poetry, it becomes clear that here, too, she remained a stranger, continuing to write and publish in Afrikaans.
本文追溯了出生于犹太的南非诗人奥尔加·基尔希(1927-1994)在1944年至1983年间出版的七卷南非荷兰语诗歌中所表现出的持久的异化。她在一个虔诚的基督教、讲南非荷兰语的农村社区长大,发现自己是个局外人。家里的条件没有给她带来什么安慰,而对社会普遍存在的种族歧视的认识进一步加剧了她的孤立。为了寻找一名酋长,她在24岁时移民到以色列。读她的诗,很明显,在这里,她仍然是一个陌生人,继续用南非荷兰语写作和出版。
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引用次数: 0
Olga Kirsch het alles... / Olga Kirsch has it all... Olga Kirsch说……/ Olga Kirsch拥有一切……
Pub Date : 2014-11-01 DOI: 10.2478/werk-2014-0008
J. Koch
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引用次数: 0
Over Vlaams-Nederlandse woordenboeken 关于佛兰德-荷兰语词典
Pub Date : 2014-07-17 DOI: 10.2478/WERK-2014-0006
S. Prędota
Abstract The contemporary Dutch language belongs to European multi-centered languages and has three variations: Dutch of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Dutch in Northern Belgium, and Dutch in Surinam. There are differences among the above variations which mainly regard the pronunciation and lexicon. The Flemish and Surinam variations pose a great challenge, especially for the translators of the Flemish and Surinam literature. Similarly, they pose also a significant theoretical and practical problem for the authors of one and two-language dictionaries of the Dutch language. The contemporary lexicography attempts to register the differences which one can find between the standard of the Dutch language and: its Northern Belgium variation, as well as its Surinam variation. It needs to be noted that lexicographers so far have been paying much attention to lexical differences between Dutch of the Kingdom of the Netherlands and Dutch of the Northern Belgium. In this very paper there are described four printed Flemish-Dutch dictionaries and one online dictionary, we also characterize the Prisma Handwoordenboek Nederlands met onderscheid tussen het Belgisch-Nederlands en Nederlands-Nederlands met medewerking van W. Martin en W. Smedts.
当代荷兰语属于欧洲多中心语言,有三个变体:尼日兰王国的荷兰语、比利时北部的荷兰语和苏里南的荷兰语。这些变体之间存在差异,主要体现在发音和词汇方面。佛兰德语和苏里南语的差异给翻译带来了巨大的挑战,尤其是对佛兰德语和苏里南语文学的译者来说。同样,它们也给荷兰语一语和两语词典的编写者提出了一个重大的理论和实践问题。当代词典编纂试图记录人们可以在标准荷兰语和它的比利时北部变体以及苏里南变体之间找到的差异。需要指出的是,迄今为止,词典编纂者一直非常关注尼日兰王国的荷兰语与比利时北部的荷兰语之间的词汇差异。在这篇论文中,我们描述了四本印刷的佛兰德-荷兰语词典和一本在线词典,我们还描述了Prisma手工词典Nederlands met onderscheid tussen和比利时-荷兰-荷兰遇见medewerking van W. Martin en W. Smedts。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of General De la Rey’s Death on the Political Situation in South Africa 德拉雷将军之死对南非政治局势的影响
Pub Date : 2014-07-17 DOI: 10.2478/WERK-2014-0003
Weronika Michalska
Abstract The purpose of this article is to explain the historical significance of J.H. de la Rey’s death by analyzing the general's political involvement at the beginning of the First World War. The author also examines the outbreak of the Boer Rebellion and De la Rey's attitude towards it. The controversies surrounding the night of September 15, 1914 are discussed after providing a detailed illustration of the events leading up to the shooting the criminal activities of the Foster gang). It also analyzes the influence the general and Niklaas van Rensburg had on the Afrikaner society, which was faced with the option of revolting against the British. International media coverage of the accident is used in order to portray the world's reaction to the incident.
摘要本文旨在通过对第一次世界大战初期德雷将军政治参与的分析,来说明德雷之死的历史意义。作者还考察了布尔叛乱的爆发以及德拉雷对此的态度。围绕1914年9月15日夜晚的争议在提供了导致枪击的事件(福斯特团伙的犯罪活动)的详细说明后进行了讨论。并分析了将军和范伦斯堡对面临反抗英国选择的阿非利卡人社会的影响。国际媒体对该事故的报道被用来描绘世界对该事件的反应。
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引用次数: 0
Streekromans en het Tsjechische ruralisme
Pub Date : 2014-07-17 DOI: 10.2478/WERK-2014-0005
Wilken Engelbrecht
Abstract In the netherlands regional novels have never been considered as real literary works. in Flanders regional literature had a better status, especially because several writers of the Van Nu en Straks movement such as Stijn Streuvels wrote about regional themes. in Czech literature since 1848 regional themes was viewed as important in novels and stories, mainly till the end of world war ii. in 1932 the Catholic writer Antonín Matula defined the so-called ruralism, which became a movement of mainly Catholic writers from the countryside. Most of them were severely persecuted in a constructed Stalinist show trial against the green international in 1951. in his work Hlasy země v evropských literaturách (The Voice of Earth in European Literatures, 1933) Matula discussed nearly all major european literatures, i.e. Flemish regional writers. it is no coincidence that especially Flemish writers such as ernest Claes, Stijn Streuvels and Felix timmermans, were translated into Czech during the second quarter of the 20th century.
在荷兰,地域小说从未被视为真正的文学作品。在佛兰德斯,地方文学有更好的地位,特别是因为一些Van Nu en Straks运动的作家,如Stijn Streuvels写的是地方主题。在捷克文学中,自1848年以来,地域主题在小说和故事中被视为重要的,主要是直到第二次世界大战结束。1932年,天主教作家Antonín Matula定义了所谓的乡村主义,这成为一场主要来自农村的天主教作家的运动。他们中的大多数人在1951年针对绿色国际的斯大林式审判中受到严重迫害。在他的著作《欧洲文学中的地球之声》evropských literaturách(1933)中,马图拉几乎讨论了所有主要的欧洲文学,即佛兰德地区作家。尤其是佛兰德语作家,如欧内斯特·克莱斯、斯泰因·施特鲁维尔斯和菲利克斯·蒂默曼斯,在20世纪下半叶被翻译成捷克语,这并非巧合。
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引用次数: 1
Het beeld van Midden- en Oost-Europa in Nederlandse literaire non-fictie 中欧和东欧在荷兰文学非小说中的形象
Pub Date : 2014-07-17 DOI: 10.2478/WERK-2014-0001
J. Sterckx
Abstract Over the last 20 years, literary nonfiction has become increasingly popular among the Dutch reading public. Thanks to increasing sales, translations and literary awards the genre achieved a strong position in Dutch literature. This article analyzes the image of Central and Eastern European countries in Dutch literary nonfiction of the last ten years (2004-14). It searches for characteristics of an orientalist and balkanist discourse and the presence of the imagological centre-periphery model in the works of Geert Mak, Jelle Brandt Corstius, Olaf Koens, Joop Verstraten and Jan Brokken. Contemporary Dutch literary nonfiction contains a euro-orientalist discourse. Characteristics such as underdevelopment, hedonism, obscurity and authenticity are projected on Central and Eastern Europe, which is put in the periphery of Western Europe.
在过去的20年里,非虚构文学在荷兰的读者中越来越受欢迎。由于销量、翻译和文学奖项的增加,这一类型在荷兰文学中取得了强大的地位。本文分析了近十年来(2004- 2014)荷兰文学非虚构作品中中东欧国家的形象。它在Geert Mak, Jelle Brandt Corstius, Olaf Koens, Joop Verstraten和Jan Brokken的作品中寻找东方主义和巴尔干主义话语的特征以及意象中心-边缘模型的存在。当代荷兰非虚构文学包含了一种欧洲东方主义的话语。不发达、享乐主义、隐晦、本真等特征被投射到中欧和东欧,置于西欧的边缘。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Werkwinkel-Journal of Low Countries and South African Studies
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