Physical human-robot interaction (pHRI) increasingly demands robots that are both compliant and capable of handling substantial payloads. While admittance control has been successfully applied to mobile manipulators, compliant control for the mobile platforms themselves—particularly for widely deployed, non-holonomic differential-drive types—remains an underexplored challenge. This paper addresses this gap by proposing a novel, sensorless admittance control system specifically designed for two-wheeled differential-drive mobile platforms. The core contributions are threefold. First, a detailed kinematic and dynamic analysis is conducted to establish the system's theoretical foundation. Second, we develop a resultant external force/torque estimator that requires no additional sensors, utilizing only motor currents and wheel encoder data, thereby achieving zero hardware cost. Third, we introduce an autonomous payload parameter identification method with k-means for data selection, enabling the system to adapt to unknown and variably positioned loads. Real-world experiments demonstrate that the proposed controller reduces the required human guiding force by approximately 50% compared to the original system. The proposed controller successfully reconciles high compliance with high load capacity, handling payloads ranging from 73 kg to 173 kg. This work provides a systematic, cost-effective solution for deploying compliant, high-payload mobile platforms in future industrial and domestic pHRI applications.
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