首页 > 最新文献

CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology最新文献

英文 中文
Stress analysis and microstructure-property evaluation of grid-path wire arc additive repair grate plates 栅极线弧加补篦板的应力分析及显微组织性能评价
IF 4.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.05.016
He Tianying , Yu Shengfu , Li HuaWei , Qiu Yuan
For the wire arc additive repair of high-chromium cast iron (HCCI) grate plates, a novel grid-based path planning method was proposed. The method employs the direct projection technique to generate surface meshes on the point cloud, followed by variable-attitude oscillatory filling. The low-carbon steel grid used during the repair effectively inhibits crack propagation in HCCI, preventing the spalling of the deposited metal. Comparative analysis of stress distributions among the zigzag, contour offset and grid path planning revealed that the grid path reduced peak stress and variance by 29.8 % and 9.6 %, respectively. The microstructure of the HCCI grate plate body consists of primary austenite and martensite. Martensitic transformation occurs at the interface between eutectic carbides and primary austenite, where lath martensite encapsulates the eutectic carbides. Both primary carbides and eutectic carbides exhibit a hexagonal close-packed structure with similar crystallographic characteristics. The M7C3 carbides formed a robust wear-resistant framework, preventing abrasive particles from penetrating the matrix and reducing continuous sliding on the wear surface. Primary austenite provided critical structural support, preventing carbide detachment and significantly improving the material’s wear resistance. At 750 °C, the wear rate of the deposited metal was measured at 2.02 %, while at room temperature, it was 1.46 %. Both rates were significantly lower than the 3.71 % wear rate of the deposited metal on the currently used grate plates. The wear surface of HCCI exhibits numerous plow grooves, microcracks, and carbide spalling, which generate abrasive particles and accelerate wear. The dominant wear mechanism is a combination of micro-cutting and fracture-induced spalling.
针对高铬铸铁篦板电弧添加剂修复,提出了一种基于网格的路径规划方法。该方法采用直接投影技术在点云上生成表面网格,然后进行变姿态振荡填充。在修复过程中使用的低碳钢网格有效地抑制了HCCI中的裂纹扩展,防止了沉积金属的剥落。对比分析锯齿形、等高线偏移和栅格路径规划的应力分布,栅格路径分别使峰值应力和方差降低29.8%和9.6%。HCCI篦板体组织由初生奥氏体和马氏体组成。马氏体相变发生在共晶碳化物与初生奥氏体的交界面,板条马氏体包裹了共晶碳化物。初生碳化物和共晶碳化物均表现为六方密排结构,具有相似的晶体学特征。M7C3碳化物形成了坚固的耐磨框架,防止磨粒穿透基体,减少磨损表面的连续滑动。原生奥氏体提供了关键的结构支撑,防止了碳化物脱落,显著提高了材料的耐磨性。在750℃时,沉积金属的磨损率为2.02%,而在室温下,磨损率为1.46%。这两种磨损率都明显低于目前使用的篦板上沉积金属的3.71%的磨损率。HCCI的磨损表面呈现出大量的犁槽、微裂纹和碳化物剥落,这些剥落产生磨粒并加速磨损。主要的磨损机制是微切削和断裂诱导剥落的结合。
{"title":"Stress analysis and microstructure-property evaluation of grid-path wire arc additive repair grate plates","authors":"He Tianying ,&nbsp;Yu Shengfu ,&nbsp;Li HuaWei ,&nbsp;Qiu Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.05.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.05.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For the wire arc additive repair of high-chromium cast iron (HCCI) grate plates, a novel grid-based path planning method was proposed. The method employs the direct projection technique to generate surface meshes on the point cloud, followed by variable-attitude oscillatory filling. The low-carbon steel grid used during the repair effectively inhibits crack propagation in HCCI, preventing the spalling of the deposited metal. Comparative analysis of stress distributions among the zigzag, contour offset and grid path planning revealed that the grid path reduced peak stress and variance by 29.8 % and 9.6 %, respectively. The microstructure of the HCCI grate plate body consists of primary austenite and martensite. Martensitic transformation occurs at the interface between eutectic carbides and primary austenite, where lath martensite encapsulates the eutectic carbides. Both primary carbides and eutectic carbides exhibit a hexagonal close-packed structure with similar crystallographic characteristics. The M<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub> carbides formed a robust wear-resistant framework, preventing abrasive particles from penetrating the matrix and reducing continuous sliding on the wear surface. Primary austenite provided critical structural support, preventing carbide detachment and significantly improving the material’s wear resistance. At 750 °C, the wear rate of the deposited metal was measured at 2.02 %, while at room temperature, it was 1.46 %. Both rates were significantly lower than the 3.71 % wear rate of the deposited metal on the currently used grate plates. The wear surface of HCCI exhibits numerous plow grooves, microcracks, and carbide spalling, which generate abrasive particles and accelerate wear. The dominant wear mechanism is a combination of micro-cutting and fracture-induced spalling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56011,"journal":{"name":"CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 19-34"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144220803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigations on the tooth surface deviations of internal whirling-enveloped TI worm 内旋包络TI蜗杆齿面偏差的研究
IF 4.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.07.002
Zhenglin Yang, Yonghong Chen, Diao Chen, Wenjun Luo, Bingkui Chen
Toroidal involute worm (TI worm) exhibits high load-bearing capacity and transmission efficiency. However, its complex spatial geometry complicates machining processes and limits mass production. This study combines the enveloping principle of the TI worm with the internal whirling technique. A novel method is developed for enveloping the TI worm via internal whirling. The influence of tool offsets and mounting angles on the tooth surface deviations between internal whirling-enveloped TI worm and standard TI worm is investigated. The results indicate that the tooth surface of the internal whirling-enveloped TI worm closely approximates that of modified standard TI worm. The amount and position of the modification can be effectively controlled through tool offset and mounting angle adjustments. Experimental measurements reveal a maximum tooth surface deviation below 0.04 mm. The machined worm meshes in the middle of the involute helical gear, reducing offset load risks. Comparative tests confirm comparable transmission performance between machined worm and standard TI worm. This study establishes theoretical and experimental foundations for mass production of TI worm via internal whirling to meet industrial demands.
环面渐开线蜗杆具有较高的承载能力和传动效率。然而,其复杂的空间几何形状使加工过程复杂化,限制了批量生产。本研究将TI蜗杆的包络原理与内旋技术相结合。提出了一种利用内旋包络TI蜗杆的新方法。研究了刀具偏移量和安装角度对内旋包络TI蜗杆与标准TI蜗杆齿面偏差的影响。结果表明,内旋包络TI蜗杆的齿面与改进的标准TI蜗杆齿面非常接近。通过调整刀具偏移和安装角度,可以有效地控制修正量和位置。实验测量显示,最大齿面偏差小于0.04 mm。加工后的蜗杆啮合在渐开线斜齿轮的中间,减少了偏置负载的风险。对比试验证实,加工蜗杆与标准TI蜗杆的传动性能相当。本研究为大规模生产TI内旋蜗杆以满足工业需求奠定了理论和实验基础。
{"title":"Investigations on the tooth surface deviations of internal whirling-enveloped TI worm","authors":"Zhenglin Yang,&nbsp;Yonghong Chen,&nbsp;Diao Chen,&nbsp;Wenjun Luo,&nbsp;Bingkui Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Toroidal involute worm (TI worm) exhibits high load-bearing capacity and transmission efficiency. However, its complex spatial geometry complicates machining processes and limits mass production. This study combines the enveloping principle of the TI worm with the internal whirling technique. A novel method is developed for enveloping the TI worm via internal whirling. The influence of tool offsets and mounting angles on the tooth surface deviations between internal whirling-enveloped TI worm and standard TI worm is investigated. The results indicate that the tooth surface of the internal whirling-enveloped TI worm closely approximates that of modified standard TI worm. The amount and position of the modification can be effectively controlled through tool offset and mounting angle adjustments. Experimental measurements reveal a maximum tooth surface deviation below 0.04 mm. The machined worm meshes in the middle of the involute helical gear, reducing offset load risks. Comparative tests confirm comparable transmission performance between machined worm and standard TI worm. This study establishes theoretical and experimental foundations for mass production of TI worm via internal whirling to meet industrial demands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56011,"journal":{"name":"CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 410-426"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
In-situ heat treatment via preheating and liquid cooling during high-speed coating of gears by directed energy deposition 定向能沉积齿轮高速镀膜过程中的预热和液冷原位热处理
IF 4.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.06.002
Masaya Yokota , Shiho Takemura , Ryo Koike , Teppei Maki , Kazuhiro Takaki , Takanori Mori , Yoko Hirono , Yasuhiro Kakinuma
Automobile electrification has increased demand for higher-performance gears in drivetrains with specialized functional requirements beyond what conventional carburizing heat treatment can deliver. While carburizing is effective for mass production, it faces inherent limitations in achieving advanced material properties needed for next-generation applications. Therefore, this study proposes a high-speed coating method on rotational gear surfaces using directed energy deposition (DED). The proposed method can form the coating layer continuously and efficiently on the complex-shaped teeth of the gear, compared to the common method that forms coating along a complicated path matching the part’s geometry. Furthermore, a localized heat treatment system integrating laser preheating and liquid cooling is introduced to precisely control material characteristics of the coating layer. Experimental results demonstrate that this combined heat treatment achieves a crack-free, hard coating layer on preformed gears. This method shows significant potential for producing customized, high-performance gears for specialized applications in next-generation vehicles while reducing process complexity.
汽车电气化增加了对动力传动系统中高性能齿轮的需求,这些齿轮具有传统渗碳热处理无法满足的特殊功能要求。虽然渗碳对于大规模生产是有效的,但在实现下一代应用所需的先进材料性能方面,它面临着固有的限制。因此,本研究提出了一种利用定向能沉积(DED)在转动齿轮表面进行高速涂层的方法。与常规方法沿匹配零件几何形状的复杂路径形成涂层相比,该方法可以在复杂形状的齿轮齿上连续有效地形成涂层。此外,还引入了激光预热和液体冷却相结合的局部热处理系统,以精确控制涂层的材料特性。实验结果表明,该复合热处理能在预成形齿轮表面形成无裂纹的硬质涂层。这种方法在为下一代车辆的专门应用生产定制的高性能齿轮方面显示出巨大的潜力,同时降低了工艺复杂性。
{"title":"In-situ heat treatment via preheating and liquid cooling during high-speed coating of gears by directed energy deposition","authors":"Masaya Yokota ,&nbsp;Shiho Takemura ,&nbsp;Ryo Koike ,&nbsp;Teppei Maki ,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Takaki ,&nbsp;Takanori Mori ,&nbsp;Yoko Hirono ,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Kakinuma","doi":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Automobile electrification has increased demand for higher-performance gears in drivetrains with specialized functional requirements beyond what conventional carburizing heat treatment can deliver. While carburizing is effective for mass production, it faces inherent limitations in achieving advanced material properties needed for next-generation applications. Therefore, this study proposes a high-speed coating method on rotational gear surfaces using directed energy deposition (DED). The proposed method can form the coating layer continuously and efficiently on the complex-shaped teeth of the gear, compared to the common method that forms coating along a complicated path matching the part’s geometry. Furthermore, a localized heat treatment system integrating laser preheating and liquid cooling is introduced to precisely control material characteristics of the coating layer. Experimental results demonstrate that this combined heat treatment achieves a crack-free, hard coating layer on preformed gears. This method shows significant potential for producing customized, high-performance gears for specialized applications in next-generation vehicles while reducing process complexity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56011,"journal":{"name":"CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 114-127"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144281076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unraveling stress inheritance and distribution mechanisms in the multi-stage processing of 2219 aluminum alloy tanks 揭示2219铝合金储罐多阶段加工过程中的应力继承与分布机制
IF 5.4 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.07.011
Shulin Lu , Jianfeng Wang , Lihong Cheng , Yuhang Duan , Yaobang Zhao , Caiyuan Lin , Junchen Li , Xiaohong Zhan
Controlling residual stress during the multi-stage processing of rocket tanks is pivotal to ensuring the safety and longevity of reusable launch vehicles(RLVs). This study established a multi-stage processing model to simulate the continuous fabrication of the tank, validated experimentally for accuracy. By integrating stress zoning with predefined fields, stress inheritance across processing stages was achieved, facilitating a detailed analysis of stress redistribution and inheritance throughout the tank’s continuous processing. The results reveal that under multi-stage processing, the peak stress in the spun tank bottom undergoes an "increase-decrease-increase" pattern. Following heat treatment, the stress distribution becomes uniform, whereas after welding, stress concentration emerges at the edges and the dome region, reaching a peak stress of 112.7 MPa. For the barrel segment, the overall peak stress follows an "increase-decrease" trend. After roll bending (RB), a high stress zone appears in the middle of the wall panel. After friction stir welding (FSW) of the longitudinal weld, stress concentration occurs at the weld seam, with annular high stress zones forming at both ends. Upon completion of the FSW of the girth weld, thermomechanical effects alleviate the initial stress concentration areas, which gradually shift to the girth weld and adjacent regions. Throughout the multi-stage processing, the peak stress rises from 43.8 MPa to 126.3 MPa. To regulate the tank’s residual stress, orthogonal experiments were utilized to optimize welding parameters, resulting in a 20.8 % reduction in peak stress. These findings provide theoretical support for optimizing the manufacturing process of RLVs.
控制火箭燃料箱多级加工过程中的残余应力是保证可重复使用运载火箭安全性和寿命的关键。本研究建立了一个多阶段加工模型来模拟储罐的连续制造,并通过实验验证了其准确性。通过将应力分区与预定义的域相结合,实现了跨加工阶段的应力继承,便于详细分析整个储罐连续加工过程中的应力重新分布和继承。结果表明:在多段加工过程中,纺丝罐底峰值应力呈现“增大-减小-增大”的变化规律;热处理后应力分布均匀,焊接后边缘和穹顶区域出现应力集中,峰值应力为112.7 MPa。对于桶段,总体峰值应力呈“增加-减少”趋势。轧辊弯曲后,壁板中部出现高应力区。纵向焊缝搅拌摩擦焊后,焊缝出现应力集中,两端形成环形高应力区。在环焊缝FSW完成后,热力学效应缓解了初始应力集中区,应力集中区逐渐向环焊缝及邻近区域转移。在多段加工过程中,峰值应力从43.8 MPa上升到126.3 MPa。通过正交试验对焊接参数进行了优化,得到峰值应力降低20.8%的结果。这些研究结果为优化rlv的制造工艺提供了理论支持。
{"title":"Unraveling stress inheritance and distribution mechanisms in the multi-stage processing of 2219 aluminum alloy tanks","authors":"Shulin Lu ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Lihong Cheng ,&nbsp;Yuhang Duan ,&nbsp;Yaobang Zhao ,&nbsp;Caiyuan Lin ,&nbsp;Junchen Li ,&nbsp;Xiaohong Zhan","doi":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Controlling residual stress during the multi-stage processing of rocket tanks is pivotal to ensuring the safety and longevity of reusable launch vehicles(RLVs). This study established a multi-stage processing model to simulate the continuous fabrication of the tank, validated experimentally for accuracy. By integrating stress zoning with predefined fields, stress inheritance across processing stages was achieved, facilitating a detailed analysis of stress redistribution and inheritance throughout the tank’s continuous processing. The results reveal that under multi-stage processing, the peak stress in the spun tank bottom undergoes an \"increase-decrease-increase\" pattern. Following heat treatment, the stress distribution becomes uniform, whereas after welding, stress concentration emerges at the edges and the dome region, reaching a peak stress of 112.7 MPa. For the barrel segment, the overall peak stress follows an \"increase-decrease\" trend. After roll bending (RB), a high stress zone appears in the middle of the wall panel. After friction stir welding (FSW) of the longitudinal weld, stress concentration occurs at the weld seam, with annular high stress zones forming at both ends. Upon completion of the FSW of the girth weld, thermomechanical effects alleviate the initial stress concentration areas, which gradually shift to the girth weld and adjacent regions. Throughout the multi-stage processing, the peak stress rises from 43.8 MPa to 126.3 MPa. To regulate the tank’s residual stress, orthogonal experiments were utilized to optimize welding parameters, resulting in a 20.8 % reduction in peak stress. These findings provide theoretical support for optimizing the manufacturing process of RLVs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56011,"journal":{"name":"CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 524-541"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144780999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Design and performance study of a bionic damping boring bar based on the woodpecker 基于啄木鸟的仿生阻尼镗杆设计与性能研究
IF 4.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.06.011
Jiyuan Tian , Junli Li , Gang Liu , Jing Shi , Yanji Wu
Deep hole machining is a typical challenging process in the aerospace industry, where long overhang boring bars are prone to vibrations, resulting in poor surface quality, reduced tool life, and noise. To address the vibration issues in deep hole machining, this study proposes a bionic damping boring bar inspired by the woodpecker’s shock-absorbing head. The study first analyzes the structure of the woodpecker's head and establishes nonlinear vibration equation, which is solved using the Harmonic Balance Method (HBM). A preliminary bionic design of the boring bar was then proposed, consisting of two main structures: constrained-layer damping (CLD) shaft and bionic absorber. A three-stage biomimetic damping system was developed using metal, particulate materials, damping materials, and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). A dynamic model of the boring bar is established to analyze the effect of structural parameters on amplitude response. Subsequently, particle swarm optimization (PSO) and orthogonal experiments are used to optimize the tool body and the bionic absorber. Finally, modal and cutting experiments are conducted, comparing the bionic damping boring bar with carbide boring bars. The results show that the bionic damping boring bar improves modal parameters and cutting stability. Compared to carbide boring bars, it has a 20 % higher natural frequency, 5 times higher damping ratio, and 1.7 times higher stiffness. At the same cutting depth, it provides smoother acceleration amplitude response in the time domain, lower harmonic amplitude in the frequency domain, and improved surface quality, resulting in higher machining accuracy.
深孔加工是航空航天工业中一个典型的具有挑战性的加工过程,其中长悬挑镗杆容易振动,导致表面质量差,刀具寿命降低,噪音大。为了解决深孔加工中的振动问题,本研究以啄木鸟的减震头为灵感,提出了一种仿生阻尼镗杆。首先分析了啄木鸟头部的结构,建立了非线性振动方程,并采用谐波平衡法(HBM)对其进行了求解。提出了镗杆的初步仿生设计方案,包括约束层阻尼轴和仿生减振器两个主要结构。以金属、颗粒材料、阻尼材料和碳纤维增强聚合物(CFRP)为材料,研制了一种三级仿生阻尼系统。建立了镗杆的动力学模型,分析了结构参数对振幅响应的影响。随后,采用粒子群算法和正交实验对刀具本体和仿生吸收体进行优化。最后进行了模态试验和切削试验,将仿生阻尼镗杆与硬质合金镗杆进行了对比。结果表明,仿生阻尼镗杆改善了模态参数和切削稳定性。与硬质合金镗杆相比,其固有频率提高20%,阻尼比提高5倍,刚度提高1.7倍。在相同切削深度下,时域加速度幅值响应更平滑,频域谐波幅值更低,表面质量得到改善,加工精度更高。
{"title":"Design and performance study of a bionic damping boring bar based on the woodpecker","authors":"Jiyuan Tian ,&nbsp;Junli Li ,&nbsp;Gang Liu ,&nbsp;Jing Shi ,&nbsp;Yanji Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.06.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deep hole machining is a typical challenging process in the aerospace industry, where long overhang boring bars are prone to vibrations, resulting in poor surface quality, reduced tool life, and noise. To address the vibration issues in deep hole machining, this study proposes a bionic damping boring bar inspired by the woodpecker’s shock-absorbing head. The study first analyzes the structure of the woodpecker's head and establishes nonlinear vibration equation, which is solved using the Harmonic Balance Method (HBM). A preliminary bionic design of the boring bar was then proposed, consisting of two main structures: constrained-layer damping (CLD) shaft and bionic absorber. A three-stage biomimetic damping system was developed using metal, particulate materials, damping materials, and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). A dynamic model of the boring bar is established to analyze the effect of structural parameters on amplitude response. Subsequently, particle swarm optimization (PSO) and orthogonal experiments are used to optimize the tool body and the bionic absorber. Finally, modal and cutting experiments are conducted, comparing the bionic damping boring bar with carbide boring bars. The results show that the bionic damping boring bar improves modal parameters and cutting stability. Compared to carbide boring bars, it has a 20 % higher natural frequency, 5 times higher damping ratio, and 1.7 times higher stiffness. At the same cutting depth, it provides smoother acceleration amplitude response in the time domain, lower harmonic amplitude in the frequency domain, and improved surface quality, resulting in higher machining accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56011,"journal":{"name":"CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 308-323"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144491588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimization of clamping conditions in thin-walled part machining to minimize forced vibrations, part II: Dynamic updating of clamping force and location with position dependent dynamics 薄壁零件加工中夹紧条件的优化以最小化强迫振动,第二部分:基于位置依赖动力学的夹紧力和位置的动态更新
IF 4.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.05.014
Rahmi Can Ugras, Yusuf Altintas
Part I of the paper presents the identification of clamping locations and forces by considering the flexibility of thin-walled part at one tool location. Here, the effect of material removal and tool location in milling the flexible part is considered to minimize static and dynamic deflections. The optimization algorithm presented in Part I is computationally costly. Here, the changes in the stiffness and mass matrices are integrated into the optimization, and the clamping contact area is meshed with fewer elements, which reduces the computational load further. The method is validated in simulating the peripheral milling of a thin-walled cylindrical part with eightfold computational efficiency in comparison to the model presented in Part I.
本文的第一部分是考虑薄壁零件在一个刀具位置上的柔性的夹紧位置和夹紧力的确定。在这里,考虑了铣削柔性零件时材料去除和刀具位置的影响,以尽量减少静态和动态挠度。第一部分中提出的优化算法在计算上是昂贵的。在优化中考虑了刚度矩阵和质量矩阵的变化,采用较少的单元对夹紧接触区域进行网格划分,进一步降低了计算量。通过对薄壁圆柱形零件外铣削过程的仿真,验证了该方法的计算效率是第1部分中模型的8倍。
{"title":"Optimization of clamping conditions in thin-walled part machining to minimize forced vibrations, part II: Dynamic updating of clamping force and location with position dependent dynamics","authors":"Rahmi Can Ugras,&nbsp;Yusuf Altintas","doi":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.05.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.05.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Part I of the paper presents the identification of clamping locations and forces by considering the flexibility of thin-walled part at one tool location. Here, the effect of material removal and tool location in milling the flexible part is considered to minimize static and dynamic deflections. The optimization algorithm presented in Part I is computationally costly. Here, the changes in the stiffness and mass matrices are integrated into the optimization, and the clamping contact area is meshed with fewer elements, which reduces the computational load further. The method is validated in simulating the peripheral milling of a thin-walled cylindrical part with eightfold computational efficiency in comparison to the model presented in Part I.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56011,"journal":{"name":"CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 128-138"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144281077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Look-ahead stress-oriented trajectory planning to improve the strength of fused filament fabricated parts 提高熔丝制件强度的前瞻性应力导向轨迹规划
IF 4.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.06.017
Mehrdad Sadeghieh , Jannis Saelzer , Ali Hosseini , Hossam Kishawy , Dirk Biermann
Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is a promising additive manufacturing method; nevertheless, the mechanical properties of its final products, particularly for end-use applications, still require enhancements. Combining FFF's low cost and well-established technology with enhanced mechanical properties would increase its competitiveness among other additive manufacturing methods. Similar to the well-established subtractive manufacturing methods, the majority of the trajectory planning algorithms developed for FFF, prioritize print time and dimensional accuracy. However, the effect of trajectory planning on the strength of parts produced through FFF has not received adequate attention. This paper proposes a look-ahead trajectory planning algorithm for FFF, which generates an optimized nozzle path to align the print direction with the principal stress direction. This alignment has been proven effective in increasing the tensile properties of the FFF parts. To minimize print defects, especially when printing high-viscosity materials like metals, path intersection elimination, single point elimination, and linear approximation algorithms are applied to the method. The validity of the proposed algorithm was initially tested on more convenient Polylactic Acid (PLA) specimens and was further verified by experimentations on 17–4PH stainless steel specimens.
熔丝制造(FFF)是一种很有前途的增材制造方法;然而,其最终产品的机械性能,特别是最终用途的应用,仍然需要提高。将FFF的低成本和完善的技术与增强的机械性能相结合,将提高其在其他增材制造方法中的竞争力。与完善的减法制造方法类似,大多数为FFF开发的轨迹规划算法优先考虑打印时间和尺寸精度。然而,轨迹规划对FFF成形零件强度的影响并没有得到足够的重视。本文提出了一种FFF的前导轨迹规划算法,该算法生成一个优化的喷嘴路径,使打印方向与主应力方向对齐。这种对齐已被证明有效地提高了FFF零件的拉伸性能。为了最大限度地减少打印缺陷,特别是在打印高粘度材料(如金属)时,该方法应用了路径相交消除、单点消除和线性近似算法。首先在更方便的聚乳酸(PLA)样品上测试了算法的有效性,然后在17-4PH不锈钢样品上进一步验证了算法的有效性。
{"title":"Look-ahead stress-oriented trajectory planning to improve the strength of fused filament fabricated parts","authors":"Mehrdad Sadeghieh ,&nbsp;Jannis Saelzer ,&nbsp;Ali Hosseini ,&nbsp;Hossam Kishawy ,&nbsp;Dirk Biermann","doi":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.06.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.06.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is a promising additive manufacturing method; nevertheless, the mechanical properties of its final products, particularly for end-use applications, still require enhancements. Combining FFF's low cost and well-established technology with enhanced mechanical properties would increase its competitiveness among other additive manufacturing methods. Similar to the well-established subtractive manufacturing methods, the majority of the trajectory planning algorithms developed for FFF, prioritize print time and dimensional accuracy. However, the effect of trajectory planning on the strength of parts produced through FFF has not received adequate attention. This paper proposes a look-ahead trajectory planning algorithm for FFF, which generates an optimized nozzle path to align the print direction with the principal stress direction. This alignment has been proven effective in increasing the tensile properties of the FFF parts. To minimize print defects, especially when printing high-viscosity materials like metals, path intersection elimination, single point elimination, and linear approximation algorithms are applied to the method. The validity of the proposed algorithm was initially tested on more convenient Polylactic Acid (PLA) specimens and was further verified by experimentations on 17–4PH stainless steel specimens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56011,"journal":{"name":"CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 249-267"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144471072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A genetic algorithm-calibrated heat source model for reconstructing thermal history and precipitate evolution in additive friction stir multilayer deposition 一种基于遗传算法标定的热源模型,用于重建搅拌摩擦多层沉积的热历史和沉淀演化
IF 4.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.06.003
Wancheng Lyu , Xunzhong Guo , Yizhou Shen , Chunping Huang , Fencheng Liu
Additive friction stir deposition (AFSD) has shown significant potential for additive manufacturing of large structures, which involves unique thermal cycling effects in multilayer deposition. The present endeavor firstly attempts to develop a universal moving heat source model (the double-hump model) for finite element multilayer thermal simulation, which mathematically simplifies the non-uniform distribution of macroscopic heat flux densities in the deposition zone. By adopting a planar heat source formulation, the model consequently neglects the radial contribution of plastic dissipation. The main objective is to seek a convenient simulation means to reconstruct the thermal history of the multilayer deposition and to get its impact on the precipitate evolution and mechanical properties. The heat source model parameters were determined by a genetic algorithm based on the principle of monarch selection and uniform crossover strategy to match the experimental data. The temperatures predicted by the finite element model for the preheating and multilayer deposition stages agreed well with those obtained experimentally. The location of the maximum heat flux density in the deposition zone was evaluated for the first time. The simulation data and characterization results show that the simulation of the multilayer AFSD process based on the heat source model can effectively reflect the second phase evolution in the thermal cycle and the influence on the mechanical properties. Furthermore, this study presents a novel thermal analysis of distinctive phenomena occurring in the AFSD process, showing the potential of heat source modelling in the thermal simulation of multilayer deposition.
添加剂搅拌摩擦沉积(AFSD)在大型结构的增材制造中显示出巨大的潜力,它涉及多层沉积中独特的热循环效应。本文首先尝试建立一种用于有限元多层热模拟的通用运动热源模型(双驼峰模型),该模型从数学上简化了沉积区宏观热流密度的不均匀分布。该模型采用平面热源公式,因此忽略了塑性耗散的径向贡献。主要目的是寻求一种方便的模拟手段来重建多层沉积的热历史,并获得其对析出相演化和力学性能的影响。采用基于君主选择原则和均匀交叉策略的遗传算法确定热源模型参数,以匹配实验数据。有限元模型预测的预热和多层沉积阶段的温度与实验结果吻合较好。首次确定了沉积区最大热流密度的位置。仿真数据和表征结果表明,基于热源模型的多层AFSD过程仿真能够有效反映热循环过程中的第二相演变及其对力学性能的影响。此外,本研究对AFSD过程中出现的独特现象进行了新的热分析,显示了热源建模在多层沉积热模拟中的潜力。
{"title":"A genetic algorithm-calibrated heat source model for reconstructing thermal history and precipitate evolution in additive friction stir multilayer deposition","authors":"Wancheng Lyu ,&nbsp;Xunzhong Guo ,&nbsp;Yizhou Shen ,&nbsp;Chunping Huang ,&nbsp;Fencheng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Additive friction stir deposition (AFSD) has shown significant potential for additive manufacturing of large structures, which involves unique thermal cycling effects in multilayer deposition. The present endeavor firstly attempts to develop a universal moving heat source model (the double-hump model) for finite element multilayer thermal simulation, which mathematically simplifies the non-uniform distribution of macroscopic heat flux densities in the deposition zone. By adopting a planar heat source formulation, the model consequently neglects the radial contribution of plastic dissipation. The main objective is to seek a convenient simulation means to reconstruct the thermal history of the multilayer deposition and to get its impact on the precipitate evolution and mechanical properties. The heat source model parameters were determined by a genetic algorithm based on the principle of monarch selection and uniform crossover strategy to match the experimental data. The temperatures predicted by the finite element model for the preheating and multilayer deposition stages agreed well with those obtained experimentally. The location of the maximum heat flux density in the deposition zone was evaluated for the first time. The simulation data and characterization results show that the simulation of the multilayer AFSD process based on the heat source model can effectively reflect the second phase evolution in the thermal cycle and the influence on the mechanical properties. Furthermore, this study presents a novel thermal analysis of distinctive phenomena occurring in the AFSD process, showing the potential of heat source modelling in the thermal simulation of multilayer deposition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56011,"journal":{"name":"CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 70-87"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experiments on resistance spot welding of three layers of unequal thickness steel based on deep learning and multi-objective optimization 基于深度学习和多目标优化的三层不等厚钢电阻点焊实验
IF 5.4 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.07.005
Haofeng Deng , Pengyu Gao , Honggang Xiong , Xiangdong Gao
Resistance spot welding (RSW) of three-layer steel sheets with unequal thicknesses presents significant challenges in accurately simulating weld nugget formation and process signal behavior. This paper proposes a hybrid approach that combines deep learning and multi-objective optimization to improve simulation accuracy. A 1D convolutional neural network (1DCNN), bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM), and attention mechanism are integrated to predict dynamic resistance curves from process parameters. These predicted curves are then used as benchmarks in an ANSGA-II and Bayesian optimization framework to calibrate thermal-electrical contact parameters in a finite element model. Experimental results demonstrate that the optimized simulations closely match measured data, achieving a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.132, a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.156, and an R2 value of 0.91. The calibrated model reduces resistance prediction error by over 30% and improves nugget diameter and weld depth prediction accuracy across multiple thickness configurations. This integrated framework offers a practical and data-efficient solution for enhancing RSW simulations in complex multi-layer welding scenarios.
三层不等厚度钢板的电阻点焊在准确模拟焊核形成和过程信号行为方面存在很大挑战。本文提出了一种结合深度学习和多目标优化的混合方法来提高仿真精度。结合一维卷积神经网络(1DCNN)、双向长短期记忆(BiLSTM)和注意机制,从工艺参数预测动态电阻曲线。然后将这些预测曲线用作ANSGA-II和贝叶斯优化框架中的基准,以校准有限元模型中的热电接触参数。实验结果表明,优化后的模拟与实测数据吻合较好,平均绝对误差(MAE)为0.132,均方根误差(RMSE)为0.156,R2值为0.91。校正后的模型将电阻预测误差降低了30%以上,并提高了多种厚度配置下的熔核直径和焊缝深度预测精度。该集成框架为在复杂的多层焊接场景中增强RSW仿真提供了实用且数据高效的解决方案。
{"title":"Experiments on resistance spot welding of three layers of unequal thickness steel based on deep learning and multi-objective optimization","authors":"Haofeng Deng ,&nbsp;Pengyu Gao ,&nbsp;Honggang Xiong ,&nbsp;Xiangdong Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resistance spot welding (RSW) of three-layer steel sheets with unequal thicknesses presents significant challenges in accurately simulating weld nugget formation and process signal behavior. This paper proposes a hybrid approach that combines deep learning and multi-objective optimization to improve simulation accuracy. A 1D convolutional neural network (1DCNN), bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM), and attention mechanism are integrated to predict dynamic resistance curves from process parameters. These predicted curves are then used as benchmarks in an ANSGA-II and Bayesian optimization framework to calibrate thermal-electrical contact parameters in a finite element model. Experimental results demonstrate that the optimized simulations closely match measured data, achieving a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.132, a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.156, and an <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> value of 0.91. The calibrated model reduces resistance prediction error by over 30% and improves nugget diameter and weld depth prediction accuracy across multiple thickness configurations. This integrated framework offers a practical and data-efficient solution for enhancing RSW simulations in complex multi-layer welding scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56011,"journal":{"name":"CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 497-512"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144770728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards industrially relevant total variation based reconstruction of few-view computed tomography by exploiting noise level estimation 利用噪声水平估计实现工业相关的基于全变分的少视点计算机断层扫描重建
IF 4.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.06.008
Maryam Bahrkazemi , Alexander Rohde , Jonathan Hess , Sven Gondrom-Linke , Patricio Guerrero , Wim Dewulf
To extend the applicability of in-line computed tomography (CT) within Industry 4.0, accelerating the data acquisition and image reconstruction process is essential to meet the demands of real-time, high-throughput inspection. This paper focuses on accelerating in-line CT by addressing the trade-off between image quality and angular sampling reduction through the development of dedicated reconstruction algorithms. Various inherent properties of in-line CT are leveraged as a priori knowledge, specifically the noise level, within a total variation (TV)-based reconstruction framework to enhance reconstruction quality, support automation, and enable accurate image analysis using 2%–5% of the data required by standard methods such as Feldkamp–Davis–Kress (FDK).
为了在工业4.0中扩展在线计算机断层扫描(CT)的适用性,加快数据采集和图像重建过程对于满足实时、高通量检测的需求至关重要。本文的重点是通过开发专用重建算法来解决图像质量和角度采样减少之间的权衡,从而加速在线CT。在基于总变差(TV)的重建框架中,利用直列CT的各种固有属性作为先验知识,特别是噪声水平,以提高重建质量,支持自动化,并使用feldkam - davis - kress (FDK)等标准方法所需的2%-5%的数据实现准确的图像分析。
{"title":"Towards industrially relevant total variation based reconstruction of few-view computed tomography by exploiting noise level estimation","authors":"Maryam Bahrkazemi ,&nbsp;Alexander Rohde ,&nbsp;Jonathan Hess ,&nbsp;Sven Gondrom-Linke ,&nbsp;Patricio Guerrero ,&nbsp;Wim Dewulf","doi":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cirpj.2025.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To extend the applicability of in-line computed tomography (CT) within Industry 4.0, accelerating the data acquisition and image reconstruction process is essential to meet the demands of real-time, high-throughput inspection. This paper focuses on accelerating in-line CT by addressing the trade-off between image quality and angular sampling reduction through the development of dedicated reconstruction algorithms. Various inherent properties of in-line CT are leveraged as a priori knowledge, specifically the noise level, within a total variation (TV)-based reconstruction framework to enhance reconstruction quality, support automation, and enable accurate image analysis using 2%–5% of the data required by standard methods such as Feldkamp–Davis–Kress (FDK).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56011,"journal":{"name":"CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 336-352"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1