Pub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104222
Kamalimeera Nakkeeran, Kirubakaran Victor
Hydrogen is anticipated to accelerate the mitigation of climatic challenges in the upcoming future. Globally, for every kg of H2 produced, around 11–12 kg of CO2 is emitted. While adding CCS to existing systems increase the cost and complexity and leads to both CO2e and fugitive emissions. It is important to develop low-carbon approaches for the existing technologies to address the environmental concerns and to meet the global energy goals on decarbonization. This paper presents various existing hydrogen production methods using hydrocarbon feedstock concerning operating principles, technical barriers, advancements and prevailing challenges and economic and environmental aspects. Additionally, the paper highlights the present status of the real-time blue hydrogen plants globally. It discusses the CO2-free alternative methods such as solar-SMR and methane pyrolysis covering their status quo in becoming the sustainable energy choice. It also identifies and addresses the key difficulties in the production of low-carbon H2. Carbon-pricing is trying to hasten the adoption of green energy and carbon abatement by increasing the cost of hydrogen production. However, detailed investigations in the techno-economic aspects incorporating the ecological benefits are required for developing H2 as an alternative fuel for sustainable development.
{"title":"Grey and blue hydrogen: Insights into production technologies and outlook on CO2-free alternatives","authors":"Kamalimeera Nakkeeran, Kirubakaran Victor","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen is anticipated to accelerate the mitigation of climatic challenges in the upcoming future. Globally, for every kg of H<sub>2</sub> produced, around 11–12 kg of CO<sub>2</sub> is emitted. While adding CCS to existing systems increase the cost and complexity and leads to both CO<sub>2</sub>e and fugitive emissions. It is important to develop low-carbon approaches for the existing technologies to address the environmental concerns and to meet the global energy goals on decarbonization. This paper presents various existing hydrogen production methods using hydrocarbon feedstock concerning operating principles, technical barriers, advancements and prevailing challenges and economic and environmental aspects. Additionally, the paper highlights the present status of the real-time blue hydrogen plants globally. It discusses the CO<sub>2</sub>-free alternative methods such as solar-SMR and methane pyrolysis covering their status quo in becoming the sustainable energy choice. It also identifies and addresses the key difficulties in the production of low-carbon H<sub>2</sub>. Carbon-pricing is trying to hasten the adoption of green energy and carbon abatement by increasing the cost of hydrogen production. However, detailed investigations in the techno-economic aspects incorporating the ecological benefits are required for developing H<sub>2</sub> as an alternative fuel for sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 104222"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104208
Gorakhanath S. Jadhav , Arun Kumar Mehta , Makarand M. Ghangrekar , Gourav D. Bhowmick
Developing cost-effective and superior catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is paramount for successfully commercializing microbial fuel cells (MFCs) as a sustainable, reliable and economical alternative for energy recovery and wastewater treatment. In this investigation, metal-doped heteroatom (Nitrogen-Sulphur-Carbon) rich porous biochar (Metal-NSC) was synthesized by incorporating different metal and bi-metal dopants into activated human hair (HH) biochar. Out of which, the synthesized Fe/Mn-NSC catalyst has a porous structure that enables it to have a high specific surface area (615.04 m2/g), a large pore volume (0.4342 cm3/g), and numerous defects (ID/IG = 1.02). The Fe/Mn-NSC demonstrates exceptional performance in the ORR, and the performance of MFC using Fe/Mn-NSC as a cathode catalyst stands out with a higher power density (14.6 ± 0.6 W/m3), which was 1.74 and 1.14 times compared to only HH biochar (NSC) (8.4 ± 0.1 W/m3) and commercial Pt/C (12.8 ± 0.3 W/m3), respectively. Thus, the Fe/Mn-NSC catalyst exhibits promising potential to harvest more power per unit cost (64.69 mW/$) and superior alternative to commercial Pt/C catalyst (3.11 mW/$) for widespread deployment for practical applications in MFCs.
{"title":"Metal-doped (Fe-Mn) heteroatom-rich porous biochar-based poison-resilient cathode catalyst for enhanced performance of microbial fuel cell","authors":"Gorakhanath S. Jadhav , Arun Kumar Mehta , Makarand M. Ghangrekar , Gourav D. Bhowmick","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing cost-effective and superior catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is paramount for successfully commercializing microbial fuel cells (MFCs) as a sustainable, reliable and economical alternative for energy recovery and wastewater treatment. In this investigation, metal-doped heteroatom (Nitrogen-Sulphur-Carbon) rich porous biochar (Metal-NSC) was synthesized by incorporating different metal and bi-metal dopants into activated human hair (HH) biochar. Out of which, the synthesized Fe/Mn-NSC catalyst has a porous structure that enables it to have a high specific surface area (615.04 m<sup>2</sup>/g), a large pore volume (0.4342 cm<sup>3</sup>/g), and numerous defects (I<sub>D</sub>/I<sub>G</sub> = 1.02). The Fe/Mn-NSC demonstrates exceptional performance in the ORR, and the performance of MFC using Fe/Mn-NSC as a cathode catalyst stands out with a higher power density (14.6 ± 0.6 W/m<sup>3</sup>), which was 1.74 and 1.14 times compared to only HH biochar (NSC) (8.4 ± 0.1 W/m<sup>3</sup>) and commercial Pt/C (12.8 ± 0.3 W/m<sup>3</sup>), respectively. Thus, the Fe/Mn-NSC catalyst exhibits promising potential to harvest more power per unit cost (64.69 mW/$) and superior alternative to commercial Pt/C catalyst (3.11 mW/$) for widespread deployment for practical applications in MFCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 104208"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104210
Zheng Xu , Wentao Shi , Minghua Wang , Shenghui Zhong , Yu Zhou , Jinze Pei , Longtao Shao , Kang Pan , Yue Song
The use of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in heavy-fuel aircraft piston engines (HF-APE) has significant implications for reducing carbon emissions in general aviation. However, current research on the combustion characteristics of SAF in HF-APE primarily focuses on ground conditions, and a comprehensive understanding of high-altitude combustion has yet to be fully developed. This study examines the high-altitude performance and combustion characteristics of a HF-APE using conventional fuels and HEFA-SAF through experiments conducted in a high-altitude environmental simulation. The power and fuel consumption performance, as well as the in-cylinder combustion process of diesel, RP-3 kerosene (RP-3), and SAF at altitudes ranging from 0 to 5500 m, are compared and analyzed.The experimental results reveal a consistent trend of power loss for all three fuels (diesel, RP-3, and SAF) at varying altitudes. At an altitude of 5500 m, power losses compared to sea level are 23.4% for diesel, 22.8% for RP-3, and 22.1% for SAF. The specific fuel consumption (SFC) increases significantly at low speeds but varies little at high speeds, with RP-3 and SAF exhibiting an SFC 8.3% higher than that of diesel at low speeds. The in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate (HRR) trends are similar under varying loads, with RP-3 and SAF exhibiting longer ignition delay times (IDTs) compared to diesel, but higher HRR peaks under high-load conditions. The high-altitude environment causes a reduction in peak pressure and HRR for all fuels, while also prolonging ignition delay and combustion duration. Specifically, at an altitude of 5500 m, peak pressure and HRR are reduced by an average of 12% to 23%. HEFA-SAF demonstrates enhanced power performance and low-temperature fluidity in high-altitude environments, providing a crucial experimental foundation for the use of SAF in general aviation and unmanned aerial vehicle propulsion.
{"title":"Performance and combustion characteristics of Heavy-Fuel aircraft piston engines at high altitudes: Comparison between conventional fuels and HEFA sustainable aviation fuel","authors":"Zheng Xu , Wentao Shi , Minghua Wang , Shenghui Zhong , Yu Zhou , Jinze Pei , Longtao Shao , Kang Pan , Yue Song","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in heavy-fuel aircraft piston engines (HF-APE) has significant implications for reducing carbon emissions in general aviation. However, current research on the combustion characteristics of SAF in HF-APE primarily focuses on ground conditions, and a comprehensive understanding of high-altitude combustion has yet to be fully developed. This study examines the high-altitude performance and combustion characteristics of a HF-APE using conventional fuels and HEFA-SAF through experiments conducted in a high-altitude environmental simulation. The power and fuel consumption performance, as well as the in-cylinder combustion process of diesel, RP-3 kerosene (RP-3), and SAF at altitudes ranging from 0 to 5500 m, are compared and analyzed.The experimental results reveal a consistent trend of power loss for all three fuels (diesel, RP-3, and SAF) at varying altitudes. At an altitude of 5500 m, power losses compared to sea level are 23.4% for diesel, 22.8% for RP-3, and 22.1% for SAF. The specific fuel consumption (SFC) increases significantly at low speeds but varies little at high speeds, with RP-3 and SAF exhibiting an SFC 8.3% higher than that of diesel at low speeds. The in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate (HRR) trends are similar under varying loads, with RP-3 and SAF exhibiting longer ignition delay times (IDTs) compared to diesel, but higher HRR peaks under high-load conditions. The high-altitude environment causes a reduction in peak pressure and HRR for all fuels, while also prolonging ignition delay and combustion duration. Specifically, at an altitude of 5500 m, peak pressure and HRR are reduced by an average of 12% to 23%. HEFA-SAF demonstrates enhanced power performance and low-temperature fluidity in high-altitude environments, providing a crucial experimental foundation for the use of SAF in general aviation and unmanned aerial vehicle propulsion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 104210"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104223
Fatemeh Rouzbahani , Mohammad Amin Vaziri Rad , Hossein Yousefi
Mapping optimal locations for establishing constructed wetlands and managing waste are critical challenges in developing environmentally friendly wastewater treatment methods. In this study, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) were used, based on twelve criteria, including distance from groundwater, ground slope, soil type, distance from faults, surface water, protected areas, land use, population density, proximity to villages, roads, railways, and airports. The waste from these wetlands is utilized as biomass for biogas production, providing energy to nearby rural areas. Techno-economic optimization aims to minimize the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) by leveraging bioresource and solar potential. The ANP analysis revealed that technical and economic factors contributed most significantly (58 %) to site selection, with groundwater distance identified as the most critical ecological criterion (39 %). GIS mapping indicated that 7.4 % of Tehran’s surface is ideal, and 22.1 % is appropriate for wetland establishment, potentially benefiting over 380 rural villages. Energy optimization integrated biogas, solar power, and battery systems, achieving an LCOE of $0.130/kWh at sites with biomass supply potential of over 16 tonnes/day, leading to more than 32 % of biogas generation contribution. Converting excess power into green hydrogen reduced the LCOE to $0.159/kWh and enabled the production of approximately 8 tonnes of hydrogen annually.
{"title":"Evaluation of hybrid renewable systems based on optimal location and bio-potential of constructed wetlands: A case study","authors":"Fatemeh Rouzbahani , Mohammad Amin Vaziri Rad , Hossein Yousefi","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mapping optimal locations for establishing constructed wetlands and managing waste are critical challenges in developing environmentally friendly wastewater treatment methods. In this study, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) were used, based on twelve criteria, including distance from groundwater, ground slope, soil type, distance from faults, surface water, protected areas, land use, population density, proximity to villages, roads, railways, and airports. The waste from these wetlands is utilized as biomass for biogas production, providing energy to nearby rural areas. Techno-economic optimization aims to minimize the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) by leveraging bioresource and solar potential. The ANP analysis revealed that technical and economic factors contributed most significantly (58 %) to site selection, with groundwater distance identified as the most critical ecological criterion (39 %). GIS mapping indicated that 7.4 % of Tehran’s surface is ideal, and 22.1 % is appropriate for wetland establishment, potentially benefiting over 380 rural villages. Energy optimization integrated biogas, solar power, and battery systems, achieving an LCOE of $0.130/kWh at sites with biomass supply potential of over 16 tonnes/day, leading to more than 32 % of biogas generation contribution. Converting excess power into green hydrogen reduced the LCOE to $0.159/kWh and enabled the production of approximately 8 tonnes of hydrogen annually.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 104223"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rail transport plays a major role in the development of a nation’s economy. Due to the high maintenance requirements of train tracks, traditional monitoring sensors need to be connected to the power grid. The rail surface environment is complex, and there is a lack of power supply equipment. Therefore, a track vibration energy harvester-based self-powered triboelectric nanosensor (TVH-TENS) is designed in this paper. The TVH-TENS system has five modules: motion transformation, rectification correction, dual channel power generation, energy storage and deep learning. The motion transformation module uses a bevel gear set with one-way bearings to transform the track’s two-way linear vibration into one-way rotational motion, addressing both circuit rectification and motion transformation issues simultaneously. The voltage signal output of the triboelectric generator is used for deep learning to classify variables and live monitoring. Experimental results reveal that the TVH-TENS system achieves a mean power output of 6.69 W with sinusoidal input of 6 mm amplitude, 6 Hz frequency and 3 Ω external load in MTS bench experiments. The deep learning accuracy of each variable exceeds 98.3 %. The high-performance TVH-TENS can power wireless sensor networks by harvesting vibration energy while also acting as a monitoring sensor. This system provides a reference method framework for intelligent track.
{"title":"A self-powered triboelectric nanosensor based on track vibration energy harvesting for smart railway","authors":"Yifan Chen , Hongjie Tang , Daning Hao , Tingsheng Zhang , Xiaofeng Xia , Mingyu Wang , Zutao Zhang , Peigang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rail transport plays a major role in the development of a nation’s economy. Due to the high maintenance requirements of train tracks, traditional monitoring sensors need to be connected to the power grid. The rail surface environment is complex, and there is a lack of power supply equipment. Therefore, a track vibration energy harvester-based self-powered triboelectric nanosensor (TVH-TENS) is designed in this paper. The TVH-TENS system has five modules: motion transformation, rectification correction, dual channel power generation, energy storage and deep learning. The motion transformation module uses a bevel gear set with one-way bearings to transform the track’s two-way linear vibration into one-way rotational motion, addressing both circuit rectification and motion transformation issues simultaneously. The voltage signal output of the triboelectric generator is used for deep learning to classify variables and live monitoring. Experimental results reveal that the TVH-TENS system achieves a mean power output of 6.69 W with sinusoidal input of 6 mm amplitude, 6 Hz frequency and 3 Ω external load in MTS bench experiments. The deep learning accuracy of each variable exceeds 98.3 %. The high-performance TVH-TENS can power wireless sensor networks by harvesting vibration energy while also acting as a monitoring sensor. This system provides a reference method framework for intelligent track.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 104203"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104220
Carlos Sanz-Saiz , Ana Marcos , José Pedro Silva , Jesús Polo
Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) allows renewable energy generation within urban environments. The development of appealing BIPV products, such as colored modules, favors BIPV deployment. However, little attention has been given to the influence of the mounting conditions (i.e., inclination, orientation) and the color choice on the spectral effects that affect the power output of such BIPV installations. As a novelty, this work presents a method suitable for evaluating the spectral effects undergone by colored modules installed in vertical façades as a function of both façade orientation and module color. This method has been applied to three colored crystalline silicon (c-Si) BIPV modules (anthracite, terracotta, and green) for vertical installations in Madrid (Spain) under representative albedo conditions and compared with the results of three spectral models designed for conventional photovoltaic systems (SAPM, First Solar, Caballero). Results suggested that while the effective transmittance (and consequently the power output) was affected by façade orientation and color choice, the latter had a negligible influence on spectral mismatch effects. In contrast, façade orientation was a determinant for predicting some spectral losses throughout the year, which conventional spectral models cannot account for.
{"title":"Modeling spectral effects of colored BIPV modules on vertical façades","authors":"Carlos Sanz-Saiz , Ana Marcos , José Pedro Silva , Jesús Polo","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) allows renewable energy generation within urban environments. The development of appealing BIPV products, such as colored modules, favors BIPV deployment. However, little attention has been given to the influence of the mounting conditions (i.e., inclination, orientation) and the color choice on the spectral effects that affect the power output of such BIPV installations. As a novelty, this work presents a method suitable for evaluating the spectral effects undergone by colored modules installed in vertical façades as a function of both façade orientation and module color. This method has been applied to three colored crystalline silicon (c-Si) BIPV modules (anthracite, terracotta, and green) for vertical installations in Madrid (Spain) under representative albedo conditions and compared with the results of three spectral models designed for conventional photovoltaic systems (SAPM, First Solar, Caballero). Results suggested that while the effective transmittance (and consequently the power output) was affected by façade orientation and color choice, the latter had a negligible influence on spectral mismatch effects. In contrast, façade orientation was a determinant for predicting some spectral losses throughout the year, which conventional spectral models cannot account for.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 104220"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fossil fuels contribute to GHG emissions into the atmosphere. The need to solve this critical global problem has driven the search for alternative energy options to pave the way towards a more sustainable future. This paper analyzes the environmental and economic performance of a small cruise ship operating in the North Atlantic Ocean. The paper compares natural gas-electric and hybrid propulsive configurations, considering LNG and E-LNG produced using renewable electricity. The carbon footprint analysis is based on equivalent emissions according to a Well-to-Wake approach and includes emissions of the on-shore power for battery charging. A novel index for the energetic classification of ships is proposed, considering their equivalent emissions using a Well-to-Wake approach. The hybrid propulsive systems show a fair fuel-saving potential, ranging from 3.5% to 5.3%. The E-LNG-powered propulsion is three times more expensive than LNG, while GHG emissions produced using E-LNG are 4.5 to 6 times lower. The battery pack is a major cost item in hybrid systems. Moreover, GHG evaluation through the novel index penalizes hybrid propulsion systems compared to traditional carbon dioxide emission assessment since the former includes ground connection used for battery charging.
{"title":"A comparison among innovative hybrid propulsion systems to reduce the environmental impact of a small passenger ship","authors":"Luca Maloberti , Raphael Zaccone , Jacopo De Gaetano , Ugo Campora","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fossil fuels contribute to GHG emissions into the atmosphere. The need to solve this critical global problem has driven the search for alternative energy options to pave the way towards a more sustainable future. This paper analyzes the environmental and economic performance of a small cruise ship operating in the North Atlantic Ocean. The paper compares natural gas-electric and hybrid propulsive configurations, considering LNG and E-LNG produced using renewable electricity. The carbon footprint analysis is based on equivalent <span><math><mrow><mi>C</mi><msub><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> emissions according to a Well-to-Wake approach and includes emissions of the on-shore power for battery charging. A novel index for the energetic classification of ships is proposed, considering their equivalent <span><math><mrow><mi>C</mi><msub><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> emissions using a Well-to-Wake approach. The hybrid propulsive systems show a fair fuel-saving potential, ranging from 3.5% to 5.3%. The E-LNG-powered propulsion is three times more expensive than LNG, while GHG emissions produced using E-LNG are 4.5 to 6 times lower. The battery pack is a major cost item in hybrid systems. Moreover, GHG evaluation through the novel index penalizes hybrid propulsion systems compared to traditional carbon dioxide emission assessment since the former includes ground connection used for battery charging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 104194"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104198
Jinseo Lee , Hochull Choe , Ho-Yeol Yoon
The production of lithium-ion batteries involves considerable consumption of rare earth elements and poses environmental risks. Consequently, technologies aimed at managing battery waste have become crucial from the perspectives of the circular economy (CE) and environmental sustainability (ES). Herein, we underscore the importance of reuse and recycling technologies for electric vehicle batteries, which are crucial for material recovery and reduction of environmental impact. Using bibliometric analysis, this study meticulously examined and analyzed scholarly articles related to reuse and recycling technologies for spent batteries based on data from the Web of Science databases. We applied bibliometric analysis to a dataset of 137 research articles, selected via an expert-developed, keyword-focused query and refined using the PRISMA methodology. Specifically, this study focuses on assessing the relationship of these clean technologies with CE and ES and exploring their interconnections and the importance of technological development in the field. Relating the technological findings to economic efficiency and eco-friendliness provides a clear understanding of potential directions for reuse and recycling techniques. Furthermore, this study suggests effective collaborative strategies in this field. Our comprehensive approach not only deepens the understanding of the subject but will also guide future research and development efforts in battery lifecycle management.
{"title":"Past trends and future directions for circular economy in electric vehicle waste battery reuse and recycling: A bibliometric analysis","authors":"Jinseo Lee , Hochull Choe , Ho-Yeol Yoon","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The production of lithium-ion batteries involves considerable consumption of rare earth elements and poses environmental risks. Consequently, technologies aimed at managing battery waste have become crucial from the perspectives of the circular economy (CE) and environmental sustainability (ES). Herein, we underscore the importance of reuse and recycling technologies for electric vehicle batteries, which are crucial for material recovery and reduction of environmental impact. Using bibliometric analysis, this study meticulously examined and analyzed scholarly articles related to reuse and recycling technologies for spent batteries based on data from the Web of Science databases. We applied bibliometric analysis to a dataset of 137 research articles, selected via an expert-developed, keyword-focused query and refined using the PRISMA methodology. Specifically, this study focuses on assessing the relationship of these clean technologies with CE and ES and exploring their interconnections and the importance of technological development in the field. Relating the technological findings to economic efficiency and eco-friendliness provides a clear understanding of potential directions for reuse and recycling techniques. Furthermore, this study suggests effective collaborative strategies in this field. Our comprehensive approach not only deepens the understanding of the subject but will also guide future research and development efforts in battery lifecycle management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 104198"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104205
Muhammad Aqil Afham Rahmat , Adnan Ibrahim , Muhammad Ubaidah Syafiq Mustaffa , Khaled M. Al-Aribe , Hariam Luqman Azeez , Sahibzada Imad Ud Din , Mahmoud Jaber , Monaem Elmnifi
Energy efficiency and food security could be substantially improved by advancing and implementing drying chambers in diverse drying technologies. The drying chamber is critical for producing high-quality dried food and agricultural products while also ensuring excellent drying system performance. It has received much attention recently due to its primary effect on drying technologies. This research examines the drying chamber system in diverse drying technologies, using current literature to highlight significant shortcomings for future work on this subject and to demonstrate potential improvement techniques. Furthermore, the paper summarizes the examination of temperature and airflow distribution systems and different drying methods based on various heat transfer mechanisms. A thorough review of multiple previous research findings is also provided, and the limitations and prospects for its future use in drying are highlighted. In addition, further improvement strategies are recommended, including enhancing the heat source, optimizing the environmental conditions around the drying chamber, introducing jet impingement technology, establishing an advanced monitoring system, and adding a directed nozzle. Hybrid drying has been known as a viable approach for improving drying efficiency and uniformity. However, further research is required to minimize costs while improving such components’ effectiveness and technical design.
{"title":"Revolutionizing drying chambers for sustainable energy technologies in food and agriculture: A comprehensive review","authors":"Muhammad Aqil Afham Rahmat , Adnan Ibrahim , Muhammad Ubaidah Syafiq Mustaffa , Khaled M. Al-Aribe , Hariam Luqman Azeez , Sahibzada Imad Ud Din , Mahmoud Jaber , Monaem Elmnifi","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy efficiency and food security could be substantially improved by advancing and implementing drying chambers in diverse drying technologies. The drying chamber is critical for producing high-quality dried food and agricultural products while also ensuring excellent drying system performance. It has received much attention recently due to its primary effect on drying technologies. This research examines the drying chamber system in diverse drying technologies, using current literature to highlight significant shortcomings for future work on this subject and to demonstrate potential improvement techniques. Furthermore, the paper summarizes the examination of temperature and airflow distribution systems and different drying methods based on various heat transfer mechanisms. A thorough review of multiple previous research findings is also provided, and the limitations and prospects for its future use in drying are highlighted. In addition, further improvement strategies are recommended, including enhancing the heat source, optimizing the environmental conditions around the drying chamber, introducing jet impingement technology, establishing an advanced monitoring system, and adding a directed nozzle. Hybrid drying has been known as a viable approach for improving drying efficiency and uniformity. However, further research is required to minimize costs while improving such components’ effectiveness and technical design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 104205"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104195
Hongwei Yue, Hongwen He, Xuyang Zhao
The reliability and stability of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) critically depend on the accurate air supply. Limitations in sensor technology make it challenging to directly measure the internal state of the air supply system in an automotive environment, affecting the output performance of PEMFCs. To this end, this paper proposes a state estimation strategy using the Kalman filter for real-time reconstruction of the oxygen excess ratio (OER) in PEMFCs. A nonlinear dynamic system model of the air supply process is firstly established and parameterized using the trust region method based on experimental data. The influence of key system parameters on the dynamic response is analyzed to identify primary factors. Additionally, a nonlinear observer based on the cubature Kalman filter (CKF) is designed, and an augmented state observer is proposed following sensitivity analysis. To enhance robustness, real-time model mismatch judgment and adjustment is implemented using normalized innovation squared (NIS) and interval type-2 fuzzy logic systems. Comparative analyses under variable load and parameter mismatch scenarios show that the proposed strategy reduces the cumulative error of reconstructed OER by 24.87 % compared to the standard CKF under large load variations and demonstrates superior estimation accuracy and stability in various model uncertainties.
{"title":"Robustness enhanced estimation strategy using Kalman filter for oxygen excess ratio in air supply system of vehicular PEMFC","authors":"Hongwei Yue, Hongwen He, Xuyang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reliability and stability of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) critically depend on the accurate air supply. Limitations in sensor technology make it challenging to directly measure the internal state of the air supply system in an automotive environment, affecting the output performance of PEMFCs. To this end, this paper proposes a state estimation strategy using the Kalman filter for real-time reconstruction of the oxygen excess ratio (OER) in PEMFCs. A nonlinear dynamic system model of the air supply process is firstly established and parameterized using the trust region method based on experimental data. The influence of key system parameters on the dynamic response is analyzed to identify primary factors. Additionally, a nonlinear observer based on the cubature Kalman filter (CKF) is designed, and an augmented state observer is proposed following sensitivity analysis. To enhance robustness, real-time model mismatch judgment and adjustment is implemented using normalized innovation squared (NIS) and interval type-2 fuzzy logic systems. Comparative analyses under variable load and parameter mismatch scenarios show that the proposed strategy reduces the cumulative error of reconstructed OER by 24.87 % compared to the standard CKF under large load variations and demonstrates superior estimation accuracy and stability in various model uncertainties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 104195"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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