Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments最新文献_第5页

Life cycle water footprint assessment of modern coal chemical industry coupled with CCUS technology 结合CCUS技术的现代煤化工全生命周期水足迹评价

IF 7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104808

Xinzhi Li , Xiaoyu Li , Jingjing Xie , Xiangyang Cui , Haotian Pang

This study employs life cycle assessment (LCA) to systematically quantify the water footprints of six major modern coal chemical (MCC) technologies integrated with carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS), including direct/indirect coal-to-liquids (DCL/ICL), coal-to-natural gas (SNG), coal-to-olefins (CTO), coal-to-ethylene glycol (CTE), and coal-to-methanol (CTM). Results reveal significant variations in water footprints across technologies. CTO exhibits the highest total water footprint (blue: 38.18 t water/ton product; gray: 155.33 t H₂O/ton product), driven by complex processes, high coal consumption (5.87–6.15 kg/kg), and direct water use (17.2–22 kg/kg). In contrast, CTNG shows the lowest footprints (blue: 16.55 t water/

1 0^{3}

m³; gray: 76.15 t water/

1 0^{3}

m³). Blue water dominates in production stages (e.g., process/cooling water) and coal mining/washing, with CCUS contributing 12.3–18.7% via electricity consumption. Gray water primarily stems from wastewater discharge in production and coal processing. Direct water use and wastewater discharge account for

>

80% of total footprints, while indirect electricity-related impacts contribute 15%–22%. Sensitivity analysis indicates that

\pm

50% changes in electricity emission factors alter blue and gray water footprints by

\pm

4.0–7.4% and

\pm

4.56–6.16%, respectively, with ICL exhibiting the highest sensitivity.

Given China’s coal-water spatial mismatch, targeted MCC-CCUS deployment is recommended in regions with balanced coal-water resources and viable CO₂ storage (e.g., Xinjiang, Shaanxi, Shandong, Hebei, Heilongjiang). The findings emphasize lifecycle water management, renewable energy integration, and regionally tailored strategies to reconcile water–carbon trade-offs in coal-based industries.

本研究采用生命周期评估（LCA）方法，系统量化了直接/间接煤制油（DCL/ICL）、煤制天然气（SNG）、煤制烯烃（CTO）、煤制乙二醇（CTE）和煤制甲醇（CTM）等六种与碳捕集、利用和封存（CCUS）相结合的现代煤化工（MCC）技术的水足迹。结果显示，不同技术的水足迹存在显著差异。CTO表现出最高的总水足迹（蓝色：38.18 t水/吨产品；灰色：155.33 t水/吨产品），这是由复杂的工艺、高煤炭消耗（5.87-6.15 kg/kg）和直接用水（17.2-22 kg/kg）驱动的。相比之下，CTNG的足迹最低（蓝色：16.55 t水/103 m3；灰色：76.15 t水/103 m3）。蓝水在生产阶段（例如，工艺/冷却水）和煤炭开采/洗涤中占主导地位，CCUS通过电力消耗贡献了12.3-18.7%。灰水主要来源于生产和煤炭加工过程中排放的废水。直接用水和废水排放占总足迹的80%，而与电力相关的间接影响占15%-22%。灵敏度分析表明，电排放因子±50%的变化对蓝水足迹和灰水足迹的影响分别为±4.0-7.4%和±4.56-6.16%，其中ICL的灵敏度最高。考虑到中国的水煤化空间失配，建议在水煤化资源平衡且二氧化碳封存可行的地区（如新疆、陕西、山东、河北、黑龙江）有针对性地部署MCC-CCUS。研究结果强调了生命周期水管理、可再生能源整合和区域定制战略，以协调以煤为基础的工业的水-碳权衡。

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引用次数: 0

Energy–water–transport nexus modeling for energy transition: A system dynamics approach 能量转换的能量-水-输运关系建模：系统动力学方法

IF 7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104805

Venizelos Venizelou , Andreas Poullikkas

Achieving deep decarbonization while safeguarding water and transport is a global priority. Hydrogen (H

_{2}

) can store variable renewables, decarbonize hard-to-electrify sectors, and couple energy–water systems. This study presents a fully integrated system-dynamics and multi-objective optimization framework that links multi-period capacity planning with cross-sector feedbacks among electricity, water desalination, transport and H

_{2}

synthesis. Applied to Cyprus as a test case, the model compares a renewables—only pathway with a renewables + small modular reactors (SMRs) scenario. Both pathways attain net-zero direct CO

_{2}

by mid-century, but the mixed system overcomes the PV ceiling by adding SMRs capacity from 2035, boosting annual electricity output from 14.7 TWh to 37.2 TWh and H

_{2}

yield six-fold (90,000 million kg to 560,000 million kg) while maintaining zero curtailment. Coordinated deployment of electrolysis and desalination secures

>

400 million m

^{3}

of freshwater by the year 2060 and aligns surplus power with green and pink H

_{2}

production, achieving levelized H

_{2}

costs of

\sim

1.78US$/kg by 2060. The integrated SMR pathway elevates demand coverage, exports and system reliability, illustrating that H

_{2}

–centered nexus planning, combining variable renewables with firm SMR baseload, enables economically credible, scalable net-zero energy transitions. The framework offers policymakers a transferable decision-support tool to optimize cross-sector investments under net-zero goals.

在保护水和运输的同时实现深度脱碳是全球的优先事项。氢（H2）可以储存可变的可再生能源，使难以电气化的部门脱碳，并结合能源-水系统。本研究提出了一个完全集成的系统动力学和多目标优化框架，将电力、海水淡化、运输和氢气合成之间的多周期容量规划与跨部门反馈联系起来。该模型应用于塞浦路斯作为测试案例，将纯可再生能源路径与可再生能源+小型模块化反应堆（smr）方案进行了比较。到本世纪中叶，这两种途径都将实现净零直接二氧化碳排放，但混合系统通过从2035年起增加smr容量来克服光伏上限，将年发电量从14.7太瓦时提高到37.2太瓦时，氢气产量提高六倍（9亿公斤到56亿公斤），同时保持零弃风。到2060年，电解和海水淡化的协调部署将确保4亿立方米的淡水，并将剩余电力与绿色和粉红色氢气生产相结合，到2060年实现氢气成本为每公斤1.78美元的平衡。集成的SMR路径提高了需求覆盖、出口和系统可靠性，表明以h2为中心的联系规划，将可变可再生能源与固定的SMR基本负荷相结合，实现了经济上可靠、可扩展的净零能源转型。该框架为政策制定者提供了一个可转移的决策支持工具，以优化净零目标下的跨部门投资。

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引用次数: 0

Reliability-resilience-economic–sustainability-based off-grid hybrid energy system for remote communities in the Indian Himalayan region 基于可靠性-弹性-经济-可持续性的印度喜马拉雅地区偏远社区离网混合能源系统

IF 7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104809

Shaurya Varendra Tyagi , Mitthan Lal Kansal , Mukesh Kumar Singhal

Reliable energy remains a pressing challenge in the remote, rural, and hilly regions of developing nations. Harsh climatic conditions, scattered settlements, and rugged terrain often render grid extension unfeasible, resulting in frequent outages or complete access denial. These constraints directly limit education, healthcare, and economic opportunities. Off-grid hybrid energy systems (HESs) that integrate renewable and conventional technologies can address these challenges by offering a cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and resilient alternative. This study presents a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) framework for identifying the optimal, sustainable, and resilient HES configuration for rural communities. The framework considers four battery technologies—lead-acid, lithium-ion, sodium-sulfur, and nickel–cadmium—operated at 80 % depth of discharge under a 0 % loss of power supply probability. Ten villages in Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, have been selected as the case study. Twenty-four HES configurations are simulated and optimized using the Salp Swarm Algorithm. The MCDA systematically evaluates all the configurations against lifecycle cost (LCC), renewable fraction (RF), annual greenhouse gas (GHG) savings, Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (SWDI), and dumped energy. Results identify configuration C-19 as the most robust option, achieving an LCC of $4,918,123, cost of energy (COE) of $0.234/kWh, and GHG savings of 865,498.77 kgCO₂-eq/year. The analysis further explores strategies for managing excess dumped energy, ensuring better utilization of renewable generation. Sensitivity analysis reveals that LCC and COE are most sensitive to variations in load demand and the nominal interest rate. The proposed framework offers a pathway for reliable and sustainable energy access, directly supporting resilient livelihoods in rural, hilly communities.

在发展中国家的偏远、农村和丘陵地区，可靠的能源仍然是一个紧迫的挑战。恶劣的气候条件、分散的定居点和崎岖的地形往往使电网扩展不可行，导致频繁停电或完全拒绝访问。这些制约因素直接限制了教育、医疗保健和经济机会。将可再生能源和传统技术相结合的离网混合能源系统（HESs）可以通过提供一种经济、环保、有弹性的替代方案来解决这些挑战。本研究提出了一个多标准决策分析（MCDA）框架，用于确定农村社区的最佳、可持续和有弹性的HES配置。该框架考虑了四种电池技术——铅酸电池、锂离子电池、钠硫电池和镍镉电池——在80%的放电深度下，在0%的电源损耗概率下运行。北阿坎德邦保里加尔瓦尔的10个村庄被选为案例研究。采用Salp Swarm算法对24种HES配置进行了仿真和优化。MCDA系统地根据生命周期成本（LCC）、可再生部分（RF）、年度温室气体（GHG）减排、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数（SWDI）和倾倒能源对所有配置进行评估。结果表明，配置C-19是最稳健的选择，实现LCC为4,918,123美元，能源成本（COE）为0.234美元/千瓦时，温室气体减排为865,498.77千克二氧化碳当量/年。分析进一步探讨了管理多余倾销能源的策略，确保更好地利用可再生能源发电。灵敏度分析表明，LCC和COE对负荷需求和名义利率的变化最为敏感。拟议的框架为可靠和可持续的能源获取提供了一条途径，直接支持农村丘陵社区的弹性生计。

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引用次数: 0

Dust-induced transmission attenuation in solar photovoltaic modules: A simplified theoretical model 太阳能光伏组件中粉尘引起的传输衰减：一个简化的理论模型

IF 7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104777

Weiping Zhao, Shuai Hu, Zhiguang Dong, Fang Zhao

Dust deposition on photovoltaic (PV) module surfaces reduces transmittance. This results in a decrease in incident solar radiation and, consequently, a reduction in power generation. Investigating transmittance attenuation caused by dust deposition is, therefore, crucial for accurate power forecasting and the development of optimized cleaning strategies. The main contribution of this paper is the proposal of several transmittance calculation models for soiled PV modules. These models clarify the relationships between transmittance and dust accumulation, particle size, and solar incidence angle. The models closely match experimental results, with relative errors of less than 7 % under identical conditions. This confirms their validity and enables reliable predictions. After validation, the models were used to examine how the dust accumulation amount, particle size, and solar incidence angle affect transmittance. The key results show that transmittance decreases as dust accumulation increases. Specifically, for 30 µm particles, increasing dust from 1 g/m² to 20 g/m² yields transmittance attenuation rates of 35.1 %, 44.2 %, 45.7 %, and 63.1 %, as predicted by models I, III, V, and VII, respectively. Additionally, the transmittance increases with increasing particle size, but at a diminishing rate. Increasing the solar incidence angle causes the transmittance to decrease gradually at first, then sharply after 60°. For a dust accumulation of 5 g/m² and a particle size of 30 µm, the module transmittance decreases from 0.869 to 0.849 and then to 0 as the incidence angle moves from 0° to 45° and finally to 90°. This demonstrates the importance of module orientation for maximizing energy capture and sustainable performance.

灰尘沉积在光伏（PV）组件表面降低透光率。这导致入射太阳辐射的减少，从而减少了发电量。因此，研究粉尘沉积引起的透光率衰减对于准确预测功率和制定优化的清洁策略至关重要。本文的主要贡献是提出了几种污染光伏组件的透光率计算模型。这些模型阐明了透光率与尘埃堆积、颗粒大小和太阳入射角之间的关系。模型与实验结果吻合较好，在相同条件下的相对误差小于7%。这证实了它们的有效性，并使预测变得可靠。验证后，利用该模型考察了尘埃堆积量、粒径和太阳入射角对透光率的影响。关键结果表明，透光率随积尘量的增加而降低。具体来说，对于30µm颗粒，从1 g/m2增加到20 g/m2，透过率衰减率分别为35.1%、44.2%、45.7%和63.1%，与模型I、III、V和VII预测的一致。透光率随粒径的增大而增大，但呈递减趋势。增大太阳入射角时，透光率先逐渐减小，60°后急剧减小。当粉尘堆积量为5 g/m2，粒径为30µm时，随着入射角从0°→45°→90°，模块透过率从0.869→0.849→0。这证明了模块定向对于最大限度地获取能量和可持续性能的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of water level variation in canal on energy Harvesting capacity of the Savonius turbine 渠内水位变化对水轮机蓄能能力的影响

IF 7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104788

Jaykumar S. Patel, Vikram Rathod, Vimal Patel

Most studies on Savonius turbines have been conducted under constant water level conditions, assuming complete submergence of the rotor. However, in a real-world canal, the water level varies significantly throughout the year, which can influence turbine performance. To address this gap, this experimental investigation is conducted for the submerge ratio (SR) ranges from 0.076 to −0.199. The effect of water level variation is generated by lifting the turbine from the 67 mm depth of the water (0.076 SR) to the −17.5 cm height from the free surface of the water (−0.199 SR), while the flow depth of 88 cm and flow velocity of 0.37 m/s maintain constant throughout the study. According to the ANOVA study, SR has a significant impact on performance, and the rotor kept at 100 % submersion with an SR of 0.076 yields the optimal C_p of 0.1925. Additionally, the maximum Cp remains almost constant for all positive SR, but it profoundly affects Cp at higher TSR. The findings clearly indicate that the positive SR should be maintained above 0.028 to ensure a uniform velocity and to eliminate the effect of water level fluctuations across the rotor. The Cp of the rotor decreases with a rise in the negative SR, and for the −0.199 SR, the rotor stops rotating even under no load conditions.

大多数萨沃纽斯水轮机的研究都是在恒定水位条件下进行的，假设转子完全浸入水中。然而，在现实世界的运河中，水位全年变化很大，这可能会影响涡轮机的性能。为了解决这一差距，本实验研究的淹没比（SR）范围为0.076至- 0.199。水位变化效应是通过将水轮机从水深67 mm处（0.076 SR）提升到距离自由水面- 17.5 cm处（- 0.199 SR）产生的，在整个研究过程中，流深为88 cm，流速为0.37 m/s保持不变。根据方差分析研究，SR对性能有显著影响，转子保持在100%浸没时，SR为0.076，最佳Cp为0.1925。此外，在所有正SR下，最大Cp几乎保持不变，但在较高的TSR下，它会深刻影响Cp。研究结果清楚地表明，正SR应保持在0.028以上，以确保匀速，并消除转子上水位波动的影响。转子的Cp值随着负SR值的增大而减小，当SR值为- 0.199时，转子即使在空载情况下也会停止转动。

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引用次数: 0

A comprehensive evaluation of contemporary research on photosynthetic microalgal–microbial fuel cells (PM–MFCs) concerning wastewater and pollution remediation, bioelectricity generation, and bioproduct synthesis 综合评价光合微藻-微生物燃料电池（pm - mfc）在废水和污染修复、生物发电和生物产品合成方面的当代研究

IF 7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104807

Chi-Wen Lin , Baala H. Anandapadmanaban , Shu-Hui Liu , Yu-Shen Cheng

Rising CO₂ emissions and wastewater discharge threaten ecosystems and human health. Conventional physicochemical treatments are costly and may yield toxic byproducts, whereas biological methods offer safer, sustainable alternatives. Photosynthetic microalgal–microbial fuel cells (PM-MFCs) integrate electrogenic bacteria and microalgae to achieve simultaneous pollutant removal, oxygen generation, and electricity production. The resulting algal biomass also serves as a source of value-added bioproducts. Electrodes, exchange membranes, and microbial fuel cell setups are observed to play a major role in pollutant removal, with CO₂ fixation rate, thus supporting the reuse of water, bioelectricity generation, and bioproduct production. Despite their multifunctional advantages, PM-MFCs encounter challenges in maintaining operational stability under fluctuating environmental conditions, particularly diurnal light–dark cycles and nutrient deficiencies. Sustained redox activity and power generation demand innovative system designs, such as employing microalgae in both anodic and cathodic chambers to enable adaptive responses to variable photoperiods. This strategy enables resilient, self-sustaining PM-MFCs capable of continuous power generation without external nutrients, while supporting scalable production of electricity and value-added bioproducts. The recovered biomass can further supplement nutrients for living microalgae, promoting carbon–neutral, sustainable development and advancing real-world applicability.

不断上升的二氧化碳排放和废水排放威胁着生态系统和人类健康。传统的物理化学处理成本高昂，可能产生有毒的副产品，而生物方法提供了更安全、可持续的替代方法。光合微藻-微生物燃料电池（PM-MFCs）将电生细菌和微藻结合在一起，同时实现污染物去除、氧气生成和发电。由此产生的藻类生物量也可作为增值生物产品的来源。电极、交换膜和微生物燃料电池装置在污染物去除和二氧化碳固定率方面发挥着重要作用，从而支持水的再利用、生物发电和生物产品生产。尽管具有多功能优势，但pm - mfc在波动的环境条件下保持运行稳定性方面面临挑战，特别是昼夜光暗循环和营养缺乏。持续的氧化还原活性和发电需要创新的系统设计，例如在阳极和阴极腔中使用微藻来实现对可变光周期的自适应响应。这一战略使弹性、自我维持的pm - mfc能够在没有外部营养的情况下持续发电，同时支持可扩展的电力生产和增值生物产品。回收的生物质可以进一步补充微藻的营养物质，促进碳中和、可持续发展，提高实际应用能力。

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引用次数: 0

Towards zero-carbon power supply: development of a multi-energy coupled offshore green energy production island 迈向零碳供电：多能耦合的海上绿色能源生产岛建设

IF 7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104791

Kehan Su , Lijie Wang , Dalin Jiang , Junguang Lin , Chao Yang , Fan Wu , Dazheng Liu , Fan Wu , Chenghang Zheng , Xiang Gao

Offshore islands, with their abundant renewable energy resources and geographic advantages, present significant potential for the development of low-carbon, multi-energy systems. This study develops an innovative framework for the configuration optimization and operational analysis of multi-energy coupled offshore green energy production islands, aiming to achieve zero-carbon energy supply. A multi-objective model is developed to optimize system configuration, incorporating techno-economic analysis and environmental performance and efficiency evaluation. Key performance metrics including levelized cost of energy (LCOE), energy storage efficiency and curtailment ratio, are employed to evaluate system forms and configurations. The proposed optimized system integrates renewable energy sources including photovoltaic (PV) and wind power, with hydrogen production, ammonia storage and methanol synthesis as multi-scale energy storage and transfer pathways. The system fosters collaborative operation between offshore islands and mainland energy networks, enhancing energy efficiency and flexibility. Case studies demonstrate that coupling renewable energy with green fuel production provides a sustainable pathway for offshore islands to achieve zero-carbon energy supply with a LCOE of 0.128 USD/kWh, a load satisfaction rate exceeding 99.8% and a curtailment ratio below 6%. This research offers valuable insights into the design and operation of zero-carbon island energy systems, advancing the transition to a sustainable, low-carbon energy future.

近海岛屿拥有丰富的可再生能源资源和地理优势，具有发展低碳、多能源系统的巨大潜力。本研究以实现零碳能源供应为目标，构建了多能耦合海上绿色能源生产岛配置优化与运行分析的创新框架。结合技术经济分析、环境绩效和效率评价，建立了优化系统配置的多目标模型。主要性能指标包括平准化能源成本（LCOE）、储能效率和弃风比，用于评估系统的形式和配置。优化后的系统集成了包括光伏和风能在内的可再生能源，以制氢、储氨和甲醇合成为多尺度的储能和转移途径。该系统促进了近海岛屿和大陆能源网络之间的合作运作，提高了能源效率和灵活性。案例研究表明，将可再生能源与绿色燃料生产相结合，为近海岛屿实现LCOE为0.128美元/千瓦时、负荷满意率超过99.8%、弃风率低于6%的零碳能源供应提供了一条可持续的途径。这项研究为零碳岛能源系统的设计和运行提供了宝贵的见解，推动了向可持续低碳能源未来的过渡。

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引用次数: 0

Efficiency optimization model for coal-fired power plants with CCS in emissions trading markets 碳捕集与封存燃煤电厂排放交易市场效率优化模型

IF 7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104803

Jingjie Huang , Zhiyao Zhang , Liang Yuan , Hongming Yang , Zhaoyang Dong , Renjun Zhou , Yan Xu

To address the challenge of minimizing emission allowance purchasing costs and carbon capture system (CCS) energy consumption in coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) participating in emission trading schemes (ETS), this study develops a novel stochastic optimization framework for dynamic carbon capture efficiency (CCE) adjustment. First, a deterministic optimization model is established to quantify the price-sensitive range (PSR) of emission allowance prices (EAP), which is required to incentivize active CFPP participation in ETS while balancing CCS operational costs. Due to the inherent EAP uncertainty in real markets, a superquantile-based risk characterization of emission allowance purchasing costs is developed using Monte Carlo discretization. This leads to the creation of confidence-level-dependent operational strategies that maximize plant profitability under fluctuating electricity prices, net output requirements, and carbon market volatility. Simulation analyses demonstrate that the proposed approach provides conservative, adaptive operating modes, which reduce costs compared to deterministic methods while enhancing capture efficiency flexibility and delivering economically viable decarbonization pathways for CCS-equipped power infrastructure.

为解决参与碳排放交易机制（ETS）的燃煤电厂（CFPPs）碳捕集系统（CCS）能耗最小化的挑战，本研究开发了一种新的动态碳捕集效率（CCE）随机优化框架。首先，建立了一个确定性优化模型，量化排放限额价格（EAP）的价格敏感范围（PSR），以激励CFPP积极参与ETS，同时平衡CCS的运营成本。考虑到实际市场中排放配额购买成本固有的不确定性，采用蒙特卡罗离散方法建立了基于超分位数的排放配额购买成本风险表征。这就产生了依赖于信心水平的运营策略，在电价波动、净输出要求和碳市场波动的情况下，使工厂的盈利能力最大化。仿真分析表明，与确定性方法相比，该方法提供了保守的、自适应的运行模式，降低了成本，同时提高了捕集效率的灵活性，并为配备ccs的电力基础设施提供了经济上可行的脱碳途径。

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引用次数: 0

CNN-BiLSTM-Autoencoder hybrid for prognostics of gearbox Over-Temperature faults in offshore wind turbines cnn - bilstm -自编码器混合预测海上风力发电机齿轮箱过温故障

IF 7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104806

Renshen Tan , Zhihao Wang , Yidian Chen , Xiaowei Zhou , Peiyi Zhu , Khalil AL-Bukhaiti , Anping Wan

The escalating adoption of offshore wind energy underscores the need for robust fault detection systems, particularly for gearbox failures that account for 30–40 % of turbine downtime, incurring significant economic losses. Traditional threshold-based methods for monitoring gearbox oil temperature suffer from delayed warnings and limited generalization, prompting the development of a novel fault early warning method based on the CNN-BiLSTM-AE model (CBL-AE-FEW). This approach integrates convolutional neural networks (CNN) for spatial feature extraction, bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) networks for temporal dependency modeling, and autoencoders (AE) for adaptive reconstruction error analysis. Utilizing SCADA data from six offshore wind turbines, feature importance is assessed via Random Forest and Pearson correlation coefficient, selecting key predictors such as hydraulic oil temperature. The method dynamically captures temperature trends, triggering early warnings when reconstruction errors escalate. Validation demonstrates superior performance, with a mean squared error of 0.06513, root mean squared error of 0.25564, and an average lead time of 930 min across turbines, surpassing traditional models like XGBoost and SVM. This study offers a reliable, generalizable solution for predictive maintenance, enhancing the operational stability and economic viability of offshore wind farms.

海上风能的不断发展凸显了对强大的故障检测系统的需求，特别是变速箱故障，变速箱故障占涡轮机停机时间的30 - 40%，会造成重大的经济损失。传统的基于阈值的齿轮箱油温监测方法存在预警滞后和泛化有限的问题，提出了一种基于CNN-BiLSTM-AE模型（CBL-AE-FEW）的齿轮箱油温故障预警方法。该方法集成了卷积神经网络（CNN）用于空间特征提取，双向长短期记忆（BiLSTM）网络用于时间依赖性建模，以及自适应重构误差分析的自编码器（AE）。利用来自六个海上风力涡轮机的SCADA数据，通过随机森林和Pearson相关系数评估特征重要性，选择关键预测因子，如液压油温度。该方法动态捕获温度趋势，在重建错误升级时触发早期预警。验证结果表明，该模型性能优越，均方误差为0.06513，均方根误差为0.25564，各涡轮机平均提前期为930 min，优于传统模型如XGBoost和SVM。该研究为预测性维护提供了一个可靠的、通用的解决方案，提高了海上风电场的运行稳定性和经济可行性。

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引用次数: 0

Optimization design of low-head reversible pumped storage units in pump mode based on linear circulation distribution 基于线性循环分布的泵式低水头可逆抽水蓄能机组优化设计

IF 7 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104795

Yifan Zhang , Kan Kan , Yanxin Hu , Zhaodan Fei , Huixiang Chen , Changliang Ye , Jinbo Chen , Jichang Chen , Weidong Liu

Improving hydraulic efficiency of low-head pumped hydroelectric energy storage systems enables energy savings, shortens charging times, and enhanced round-trip efficiency. This study employs a linear distribution strategy for circulation at the impeller outlet and guide vane inlet of a low-head reversible pumped storage unit in pump mode. To determine the optimal design based on numerical simulations, a combined approach of parametric design and orthogonal experiments was used. Linearizing circulation distribution significantly improved hydraulic efficiency of the low-head reversible pumped storage unit under both low-flow and rated conditions in pump mode, with rated efficiency increasing by 1.03% to 85.48%. The circumferential uniformity of absolute velocity at the impeller outlet and guide vane inlet was improved, resulting in a more uniform flow field. High-pressure zones at impeller leading edges decreased, suction-side pressure became more uniform, and flow separation was restrained. Vortex intensity and extent at trailing edges diminished, lowering turbulent entropy production. Flow at the guide vane inlet and inter-vane channels became more consistent. These coupled improvements reveal the intrinsic mechanism by which the optimized circulation enhances hydraulic performance. This study provides theoretical guidance for efficiency enhancement of low-head reversible pumped storage units in pump mode.

提高低水头抽水蓄能系统的水力效率，可以节约能源，缩短充电时间，提高往返效率。本文对低扬程可逆抽水蓄能机组在泵态下叶轮出口和导叶进口的循环采用线性分布策略。为了在数值模拟的基础上确定最优设计，采用了参数化设计和正交试验相结合的方法。线性化循环分布显著提高了低水头可逆式抽水蓄能机组在低流量和额定工况下的水力效率，额定效率提高了1.03%，达到85.48%。叶轮出口和导叶进口绝对速度的周向均匀性得到改善，流场更加均匀。叶轮前缘高压区减小，吸侧压力更加均匀，流动分离得到抑制。尾缘涡强度和范围减小，降低了湍流熵产。导叶入口和叶片间通道的流动变得更加一致。这些耦合的改进揭示了优化循环提高水力性能的内在机制。该研究为提高低水头可逆抽水蓄能机组在抽水模式下的效率提供了理论指导。

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