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Pivotal steps to consistently advance invasion science in a megadiverse country 在一个生物多样性巨大的国家持续推进入侵科学的关键步骤
IF 3.5 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2025.12.003
Ana Clara Sampaio Franco , Fernando Gertum Becker , Marcelo Fulgêncio Guedes Brito , Alessandra Fidelis , Anaclara Guido , Rafael Lacerda Macêdo , Thaisa Sala Michelan , Gerhard Ernst Overbeck , Fernando Mayer Pelicice , Bruno Eleres Soares , Brisa Marciniak , Helena Streit , Jean Ricardo Simões Vitule , Rafael de Oliveira Xavier , Juliano Zardetto , Sílvia R. Ziller , Michele S. Dechoum
Non-native invasive species pose an escalating threat to Brazil’s rich biodiversity and ecosystem services, yet their management remains limited to fragmented efforts, underfunded research, and a lack of institutional coordination. This paper outlines pivotal steps to advance invasion science in Brazil through an integrated framework that bridges science, policy, and society. Invasive species are still often promoted for economic or aesthetic reasons, and conflicting interests and insufficient scientific integration hinder their regulation. We highlight five strategic areas for action: (1) establishing targeted funding lines for invasive species research and management, aligned with One Biosecurity principles; (2) creating a national center for invasion science to coordinate efforts and promote innovation; (3) enhancing open data sharing and integrating Brazil’s databases with international platforms to strengthen surveillance networks; (4) incorporating invasion science into academic and technical curricula to build a skilled and responsive workforce; and (5) integrating biosecurity into broader policy agendas following One Biosecurity principles. We recommend an alignment of local and national biosecurity efforts with regional and global surveillance systems, particularly at transboundary ecosystems vulnerable to new introductions. Drawing on international best practices and local case studies, this framework provides a roadmap to make biosecurity a national priority in Brazil. By fostering collaboration among researchers, managers, educators, and policymakers, Brazil can develop a more resilient and evidence-based response to biological invasions, protecting not only biodiversity but also the socioeconomic and cultural foundations that depend on healthy ecosystems.
非本土入侵物种对巴西丰富的生物多样性和生态系统服务构成了不断升级的威胁,但它们的管理仍然局限于分散的努力、资金不足的研究和缺乏机构协调。本文概述了通过连接科学、政策和社会的综合框架在巴西推进入侵科学的关键步骤。由于经济或美学原因,入侵物种仍然经常被推广,利益冲突和科学整合不足阻碍了对其的监管。我们强调了五个战略行动领域:(1)根据同一生物安全原则,为入侵物种的研究和管理建立有针对性的资金来源;(2)建立国家入侵科学中心,协调各方努力,促进创新;(3)加强开放数据共享,将巴西数据库与国际平台整合,加强监测网络;(4)将入侵科学纳入学术和技术课程,以建立一支技能熟练、反应灵敏的劳动力队伍;(5)遵循单一生物安全原则,将生物安全纳入更广泛的政策议程。我们建议地方和国家的生物安全努力与区域和全球监测系统保持一致,特别是在易受新物种引入的跨界生态系统中。该框架借鉴了国际最佳做法和当地案例研究,为巴西将生物安全作为国家优先事项提供了路线图。通过促进研究人员、管理人员、教育工作者和政策制定者之间的合作,巴西可以对生物入侵采取更具弹性和基于证据的应对措施,不仅保护生物多样性,还保护依赖于健康生态系统的社会经济和文化基础。
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引用次数: 0
A long road to resilience: Large-scale forest recovery but limited persistence in the Atlantic Forest 漫长的恢复之路:大西洋森林的大规模森林恢复但持久性有限
IF 3.5 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2025.11.001
Vinicius Tonetti , Marcos Reis Rosa , Bárbara Rodrigues dos Santos Paes , Alex Fernando Mendes , Carlos Delano Cardoso de Oliveira , Paulo Guilherme Molin , Julio Ricardo Caetano Tymus , Amanda Augusta Fernandes , Cézar Augusto Reis da Fonseca Borges , Luis Fernando Guedes Pinto , Tainah Ribeiro Reis Godoy , Bruno Henriques Coutinho , Aline Daniele Jacon , Rafael Barreiro Chaves , Rubens de Miranda Benini , Leandro Reverberi-Tambosi
Spatially explicit identification of forest recovery at large scales plays a key role in revealing spatial patterns of forest regrowth and assisting the achievement of ambitious restoration targets. We assessed forest recovery across the Brazilian Atlantic Forest domain using annual high-resolution (∼30 m) land cover maps. From 2011 to 2021, 1.67 million hectares were recovered and persisted until 2023. Nevertheless, 568 thousand hectares of recovered forest were subsequently lost and did not persist until 2023, underscoring the vulnerability of young forests and the need for effective protection. Strengthening legislation and incentive mechanisms, such as Payment for Ecosystem Services, are critical to protect recovering forests. As most recovered forests likely result from natural regeneration, our findings highlight its strategic role in enabling large-scale, cost-effective restoration in Brazil.
大尺度森林恢复的空间明确识别对于揭示森林再生的空间格局和帮助实现雄心勃勃的恢复目标具有关键作用。我们使用年度高分辨率(~ 30米)土地覆盖图评估了巴西大西洋森林域的森林恢复情况。从2011年到2021年,恢复了167万公顷土地,并持续到2023年。然而,随后有56.8万公顷恢复的森林消失,直到2023年才恢复,这凸显了幼林的脆弱性和有效保护的必要性。加强立法和激励机制,如生态系统服务付费机制,对于保护正在恢复的森林至关重要。由于大多数恢复的森林可能来自自然再生,我们的研究结果强调了自然再生在巴西实现大规模、具有成本效益的恢复方面的战略作用。
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引用次数: 0
Beyond Boundaries: Rethinking Biomes Interdependencies in Conservation Policies 超越边界:重新思考保护政策中的生物群系相互依赖关系
IF 3.5 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2025.12.001
Fabio de Oliveira Roque , Charlotte Ndiribe , Gerhard E. Overbeck , José Henrique F. Mello , Mariana G. Bender , Helena G. Bergallo , Ronaldo Christofoletti , Guarino R. Colli , Juliano J. Corbi , Geraldo A. Damasceno Junior , Michele S. Dechoum , Adrian A. Garda , Carlos Eduardo V. Grelle , Aretha F. Guimaraes , Leandro Juen , Inara R. Leal , Guilherme O. Longo , Fernando L. Mantelatto , Luciano N. Naka , André Valle Nunes , G. Wilson Fernandes
Biomes are fundamental units for biodiversity conservation given their large geographical coverage and peculiarities. The interconnectivity among biomes maintains biodiversity and climate patterns at larger spatial and temporal scales. Therefore, treating biomes as isolated entities can undermine the effectiveness of environmental policies and governance towards sustainability goals. In Brazil, for instance, such fractional perspectives could create fragmented or limited understanding of important socio-ecological interconnections among biomes, ultimately constraining effective conservation strategies and policies. Yet much has been done to integrate Brazilian biomes in scientific research or conservation projects, here we portray how the adoption of an integrated view that considers the synergies and interdependencies among biomes is critical for promoting effective conservation. This is important to ensure the persistence of significant ecological benefits derived from the natural resources of these biomes.
生物群落具有广泛的地理覆盖范围和独特性,是生物多样性保护的基本单位。生物群落之间的相互联系在更大的时空尺度上维持着生物多样性和气候模式。因此,将生物群落视为孤立的实体可能会破坏环境政策和治理实现可持续发展目标的有效性。例如,在巴西,这种零碎的观点可能导致对生物群落之间重要的社会生态相互联系的理解支离破碎或有限,最终限制了有效的保护战略和政策。然而,在科学研究或保护项目中整合巴西生物群系方面已经做了很多工作,本文描述了采用综合观点,考虑生物群系之间的协同作用和相互依赖性,对促进有效保护至关重要。这对于确保从这些生物群落的自然资源中获得的重大生态效益的持久性是重要的。
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引用次数: 0
Shortcuts to degradation: environmental consequences of Brazil’s general environmental licensing law 退化的捷径:巴西一般环境许可法的环境后果
IF 3.5 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2025.10.004
Geraldo Willson Fernandes , Gabriel Arvelino de Paula , Mariana G. Bender , Helena de Godoy Bergallo , Ronaldo Christofoletti , Guarino Rinaldi Colli , Bruce Dickinson , Jose Alexandre Diniz Filho , Stephannie Fernandes , Edmundo Gallo , Carlos Eduardo V. Grelle , Noemia Kazue Ishikawa , Leandro Juen , Inara R. Leal , Luiz Fernando Silva Magnago , Fernando Luis Mantelatto , Jean Paul Walter Metzger , Daniel Negreiros , Yumi Oki , Reyjane Patrícia de Oliveira , Ricardo Augusto Gorne Viani
Brazil’s General Environmental Licensing Law (No. 15,190/2025) redefines environmental governance under the banner of “simplification” but effectively dismantles preventive safeguards. The law introduces self-declared licensing, automatic license renewals, and broad exemptions for agriculture and livestock, while restricting public participation. Although partial presidential vetoes removed some unconstitutional provisions, these vetoes may still be overturned by Congress. Key omissions, such as the absence of vetoes on Articles 7 and 9, preserve mechanisms that weaken oversight and accountability. Within Brazil’s decentralized system, where most authorizations are issued by state agencies, the law consolidates existing permissive practices and deepens regulatory asymmetry. This new framework lowers the national baseline for environmental protection, threatens biodiversity, and jeopardizes Brazil’s ability to meet international climate and biodiversity commitments. Instead of modernizing procedures or strengthening institutional capacity, the law normalizes shortcuts that externalize environmental costs and undermine democratic participation.
巴西的《一般环境许可法》(第15190 /2025号)在“简化”的旗帜下重新定义了环境治理,但实际上取消了预防性保障措施。该法律引入了自我申报许可、自动更新许可以及对农业和畜牧业的广泛豁免,同时限制公众参与。尽管总统的部分否决取消了一些违宪的条款,但这些否决仍可能被国会推翻。关键的遗漏,例如对第7条和第9条没有行使否决权,保留了削弱监督和问责的机制。在巴西的分散体制中,大多数授权都是由国家机构颁发的,该法律巩固了现有的许可做法,加深了监管的不对称。这一新框架降低了国家环境保护的基线,威胁到生物多样性,并危及巴西履行国际气候和生物多样性承诺的能力。法律没有使程序现代化或加强机构能力,而是使使环境成本外部化和破坏民主参与的捷径正常化。
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引用次数: 0
The potential of estuarine fishes in supplying micronutrients to coastal and traditional populations in Northeast Brazil 河口鱼类向巴西东北部沿海和传统人口提供微量营养素的潜力
IF 3.5 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2025.10.001
Fabricio C. Albuquerque , Mariana G. Bender , Guilherme O. Longo
Tropical estuaries are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth, offering multiple ecological and socio-economic benefits for coastal communities. Although previous studies have investigated the value of estuarine resources as human food in Brazil, the potential of fish in providing essential nutrients is still a knowledge gap. Here we investigate the potential nutritional contributions of estuarine fisheries to the diet and food security of local communities. We combined the micronutrient content (calcium, iron, selenium, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids) of 17 finfish species reported in scientific literature (1994–2025) as caught in Northeastern Brazil estuaries and compared their nutritional content to that of land-based animal proteins (beef, pork, chicken, and ultra-processed meat). We found that, despite species-specific variations in nutrient content, fish have high levels of essential micronutrients. Notably, fish have higher levels of calcium and omega-3 fatty acids, and similar levels of iron, zinc, and selenium compared to land-based animal proteins. These results reinforce the importance of fish in providing not just protein, but also indispensable micronutrients for coastal communities. Considering current threats to estuaries and the nutritional benefits of fish, efforts to protect and restore estuarine habitats are crucial to maintaining this valuable resource.
热带河口是地球上最具生产力的生态系统之一,为沿海社区提供了多种生态和社会经济效益。虽然以前的研究已经调查了巴西河口资源作为人类食物的价值,但鱼类在提供必需营养素方面的潜力仍然是一个知识缺口。在这里,我们调查了河口渔业对当地社区饮食和粮食安全的潜在营养贡献。我们结合了科学文献报道的巴西东北部河口捕获的17种鳍鱼(1994-2025年)的微量营养素含量(钙、铁、硒、锌和omega-3脂肪酸),并将其营养成分与陆地动物蛋白(牛肉、猪肉、鸡肉和超加工肉类)进行了比较。我们发现,尽管鱼类的营养成分各不相同,但它们的基本微量营养素含量很高。值得注意的是,与陆地动物蛋白质相比,鱼类含有更高水平的钙和omega-3脂肪酸,铁、锌和硒的含量也差不多。这些结果强调了鱼类不仅提供蛋白质,而且为沿海社区提供不可或缺的微量营养素的重要性。考虑到目前对河口的威胁和鱼类的营养价值,努力保护和恢复河口栖息地对维持这一宝贵资源至关重要。
{"title":"The potential of estuarine fishes in supplying micronutrients to coastal and traditional populations in Northeast Brazil","authors":"Fabricio C. Albuquerque ,&nbsp;Mariana G. Bender ,&nbsp;Guilherme O. Longo","doi":"10.1016/j.pecon.2025.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pecon.2025.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tropical estuaries are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth, offering multiple ecological and socio-economic benefits for coastal communities. Although previous studies have investigated the value of estuarine resources as human food in Brazil, the potential of fish in providing essential nutrients is still a knowledge gap. Here we investigate the potential nutritional contributions of estuarine fisheries to the diet and food security of local communities. We combined the micronutrient content (calcium, iron, selenium, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids) of 17 finfish species reported in scientific literature (1994–2025) as caught in Northeastern Brazil estuaries and compared their nutritional content to that of land-based animal proteins (beef, pork, chicken, and ultra-processed meat). We found that, despite species-specific variations in nutrient content, fish have high levels of essential micronutrients. Notably, fish have higher levels of calcium and omega-3 fatty acids, and similar levels of iron, zinc, and selenium compared to land-based animal proteins. These results reinforce the importance of fish in providing not just protein, but also indispensable micronutrients for coastal communities. Considering current threats to estuaries and the nutritional benefits of fish, efforts to protect and restore estuarine habitats are crucial to maintaining this valuable resource.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56034,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 53-61"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147416813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wallacean shortfall is not reasonable for omitting poorly known species from the climate change agenda 将鲜为人知的物种从气候变化议程中剔除是不合理的
IF 3.5 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2025.11.005
Ana Karolina Mendes Moreno , Alessandro Ribeiro Morais , Priscila Lemes , Iberê Farina Machado , Levi Carina Terribile , Matheus Souza Lima-Ribeiro
Climate change strongly affects species dynamics over spatial and temporal scales and serves as a major driver of future extinction risk. Conservationists have largely assessed the impacts of global warming on species with well-documented distributions; however, poorly known species have often been excluded from the climate change agenda because of the Wallacean shortfall (incomplete knowledge of species’ geographic distributions). Here, we deconstruct this traditional argument by considering poorly known species in climate change research and proposing an integrative framework to assess their vulnerability by the end of the 21st century. By integrating trait-based and niche modeling approaches, we assessed the climatic vulnerability of seven poorly known anurans in terms of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. The results showed that two species were classified as highly vulnerable, whereas three others were classified as potential adapters, potential persisters, or at high latent risk. These findings suggest that historically neglected species may face increasing vulnerability by the end of 2070. The study underscores the need to incorporate poorly known species in future climate change agendas, despite the persistent Wallacean shortfall.
气候变化强烈影响物种在时空尺度上的动态,是未来物种灭绝风险的主要驱动因素。自然资源保护主义者已经在很大程度上评估了全球变暖对物种分布的影响;然而,由于Wallacean的不足(对物种地理分布的不完全了解),鲜为人知的物种经常被排除在气候变化议程之外。在这里,我们通过考虑在气候变化研究中鲜为人知的物种,并提出一个综合框架来评估它们在21世纪末的脆弱性,从而解构了这一传统论点。通过整合基于性状和生态位的建模方法,我们从暴露度、敏感性和适应能力方面评估了7种鲜为人知的无尾动物的气候脆弱性。结果表明,2个物种被划分为高度易危物种,3个物种被划分为潜在适应者、潜在持续者和高潜在风险物种。这些发现表明,到2070年底,历史上被忽视的物种可能会面临越来越大的脆弱性。该研究强调了将鲜为人知的物种纳入未来气候变化议程的必要性,尽管华莱士物种持续短缺。
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引用次数: 0
Harmonizing nature and power: Mainstreaming biodiversity into electric grid expansion 协调自然与电力:将生物多样性纳入电网扩张的主流
IF 3.5 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2025.11.003
Fernando Ascensão , Larissa D. Biasotto , Marcello D’Amico , Laetitia M. Navarro , Hugo Rebelo , Cristina Branquinho , Andreas Kindel
The global transition toward renewable energy is demanding a massive expansion of electric grids worldwide. By 2040, more than 80 million km of powerlines will need installation or upgrading globally. Such grid expansion can heavily impact biodiversity if not planned properly. Integrating benefits for human well-being, climate change mitigation and biodiversity impacts is key to ensuring equitable and sustainable development. Current regulations prioritize rapid development over sustainability. Based on our review of biodiversity targets in NBSAPs prior to the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, only 2% of parties explicitly addressed grid impact mitigation, suggesting that grid expansion has received limited attention in biodiversity planning. In order to foster mainstreaming of biodiversity into sustainable grid expansion, this paper suggests the following three lines of policy interventions focusing on different levels of action: decision making and planning, financing, and engagement of citizens with decision makers. This concerted approach aims to help harmonize energy infrastructure expansion with biodiversity conservation, fostering a more sustainable pathway for renewable-based energy systems.
全球向可再生能源的过渡要求在全球范围内大规模扩张电网。到2040年,全球将有超过8000万公里的电力线需要安装或升级。如果规划不当,这种电网扩张会严重影响生物多样性。将对人类福祉、减缓气候变化和生物多样性影响的惠益综合起来,是确保公平和可持续发展的关键。目前的法规将快速发展置于可持续性之上。根据我们对《昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》之前NBSAPs生物多样性目标的回顾,只有2%的缔约方明确解决了电网影响缓解问题,这表明电网扩张在生物多样性规划中受到的关注有限。为了促进将生物多样性纳入可持续电网扩张的主流,本文建议针对不同层面的行动采取以下三条政策干预措施:决策和规划、融资以及公民与决策者的参与。这种协调一致的方法旨在帮助协调能源基础设施的扩张与生物多样性保护,为可再生能源系统提供一条更可持续的途径。
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引用次数: 0
Trade-off and synergies among ecosystem services of the Atlantic Forest biome 大西洋森林生物群系生态系统服务的权衡与协同作用
IF 3.5 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2025.12.002
Carolina Yumi Shimamoto , Victor Pereira Zwiener , Patricia Balvanera , Márcia C.M. Marques
Assessing ecosystem service interactions helps identify unique ecosystem service bundles across biologically relevant areas. These efforts can identify critical areas for providing services and are crucial to the planning and management of ecosystems. In this study, we identified ecosystem services interactions and bundles across the entire megadiverse and threatened Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We quantified and mapped 9 ecosystem services on provision, regulation, and supporting services associated with 2,255 plant species, in 3039 municipalities covering more than 148 million hectares in Brazil, using national official datasets. We identified ecosystem service interactions (trade-offs or synergies) with pairwise Pearson’s correlations and ecosystem service bundles with K-means cluster analysis. We identified significant trade-offs between provisioning and regulating services and three ecosystem service bundles that varied in composition and were spatially clustered in the biome. The composition and distribution of ecosystem services bundles evidence how land management and biophysical characteristics act in the landscape. These results are essential to support conservation planning and ecosystem management to mitigate potential trade-offs and create more synergies among ecosystem services and biodiversity.
评估生态系统服务的相互作用有助于在生物相关领域确定独特的生态系统服务包。这些努力可以确定提供服务的关键领域,对生态系统的规划和管理至关重要。在这项研究中,我们确定了整个巨型物种和受威胁的巴西大西洋森林的生态系统服务相互作用和捆绑。我们使用国家官方数据集,对巴西3039个城市覆盖超过1.48亿公顷的2255种植物的提供、监管和支持服务进行了量化并绘制了9种生态系统服务。我们利用Pearson的两两相关性和K-means聚类分析确定了生态系统服务的相互作用(权衡或协同作用)和生态系统服务捆绑。我们确定了在提供和调节服务和三个生态系统服务包之间的重要权衡,这些服务包在组成上各不相同,并且在空间上聚集在生物群系中。生态系统服务的组成和分布证明了土地管理和生物物理特征如何在景观中起作用。这些结果对于支持保护规划和生态系统管理至关重要,以减轻潜在的权衡,并在生态系统服务和生物多样性之间创造更多的协同效应。
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引用次数: 0
Do thermal drones outperform traditional surveys in detecting and estimating population density of sloths? 热无人机在探测和估计树懒种群密度方面是否优于传统调查?
IF 3.5 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2025.10.002
Gabriel Nascimento dos Santos , Camila Righetto Cassano , Gabriela Alves-Ferreira , Luciana Franco Veríssimo , Gastón Andrés Fernandez Giné
Wildlife population surveys are crucial for conservation but require significant time and resources, especially for elusive species like the threatened maned sloth (Bradypus torquatus). We evaluated the efficiency and effectiveness of thermal drones versus traditional ground-based surveys for detecting and estimating maned sloth populations, across seven 10.5-hectare forest plots in Bahia, Brazil. Thermal drones detected 10 individuals in six plots (86%) over 13.8 h, while ground-based surveys detected nine individuals in three plots (43%) over 51.7 h. Detection rate were significantly higher for thermal drones (0.70 ± 0.45 individuals/hour) than ground-based method (0.17 ± 0.22 individuals/hour; p = 0.006), though density estimates were similar. Drone survey costs were initially four times higher but had lower operational costs per area (2.7×) and per sloth detected (3.2×), achieving financial return after surveying 740 ha or detecting 38 sloths. Drones were three times faster for individual detection and twice as efficient for identifying occupied sites, reducing costs and improving results. However, combining drones with ground surveys or increasing sampling effort with drones is recommended for accurate density estimates. This technology may be particularly advantageous for medium- to long-term studies and large-scale surveys, enhancing population monitoring and conservation of arboreal mammals like the maned sloth.
野生动物种群调查对保护至关重要,但需要大量的时间和资源,特别是对那些难以捉摸的物种,如受威胁的鬃懒(Bradypus torquatus)。在巴西巴伊亚州的7个10.5公顷的森林地块上,我们评估了热无人机与传统地面调查在探测和估计树懒种群方面的效率和有效性。热无人机在13.8小时内在6个地块检测到10只个体(86%),而地面调查在51.7小时内在3个地块检测到9只个体(43%)。尽管密度估计值相似,但热无人机的检出率(0.70±0.45只/小时)显著高于地面方法(0.17±0.22只/小时,p = 0.006)。无人机的调查成本最初高出四倍,但每面积(2.7倍)和每探测树懒(3.2倍)的运营成本较低,在调查740公顷或探测38只树懒后获得了经济回报。无人机的个人检测速度是前者的三倍,识别被占用地点的效率是后者的两倍,从而降低了成本,改善了结果。然而,建议将无人机与地面调查结合起来,或增加无人机的采样力度,以获得准确的密度估计。这项技术可能特别有利于中长期研究和大规模调查,加强对树懒等树栖哺乳动物的种群监测和保护。
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引用次数: 0
Wind energy expansion in Brazil and implications for the conservation of threatened amphibians, birds and reptiles 巴西的风能扩张及其对濒危两栖动物、鸟类和爬行动物保护的影响
IF 3.5 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2025.11.002
Rogério Ferreira de Oliveira , João Pedro Luiz Santos da Silva , Marcos Vinicius Carneiro Vital , Luisa Maria Diele-Viegas , Marcio Amorim Efe
Although considered a clean energy source, wind energy can negatively impact wildlife. This situation is more worrying in countries with high wind potential and ecologically sensitive areas, like Brazil. Here, our goal was to identify sensitive areas for globally threatened amphibians, birds, and reptiles in Brazil. We overlapped shapefiles of protected areas, endangered species, and wind farms to delimit areas of potential conflicts for conservation, projecting those datasets into 0.5-degree grid cells. Our results revealed no apparent tendency for areas with higher densities of wind turbines to overlap with greater richness of endangered species, although a moderate negative correlation was observed for bird species richness. Although there is no positive correlation with endangered species richness, there is still notable spatial overlap between wind energy generation, protected areas, and endangered species. While we do not intend to question the logic behind the expansion of renewable energies and their notable environmental benefits, we emphasize that the negative impacts on biodiversity must be considered in wind energy development. For wind energy to achieve this goal, it is crucial to promote more effective environmental licensing. Given the rapid expansion of wind energy in Brazil and worldwide, addressing these concerns is crucial to minimizing impacts on threatened amphibians, birds, and reptiles, which are declining globally.
虽然风能被认为是一种清洁能源,但它会对野生动物产生负面影响。这种情况在风力潜力大的国家和生态敏感地区更令人担忧,比如巴西。在这里,我们的目标是在巴西确定全球受威胁的两栖动物、鸟类和爬行动物的敏感区域。我们将保护区、濒危物种和风力发电场的形状重叠,以划定保护的潜在冲突区域,并将这些数据集投射到0.5度的网格单元中。我们的研究结果显示,风力涡轮机密度较高的地区与濒危物种丰富度较高的地区没有明显的重叠趋势,尽管鸟类物种丰富度存在中度负相关。虽然与濒危物种丰富度没有正相关关系,但风能发电、保护区和濒危物种之间仍存在显著的空间重叠。虽然我们不打算质疑可再生能源扩张背后的逻辑及其显著的环境效益,但我们强调,风能开发必须考虑对生物多样性的负面影响。风能要实现这一目标,至关重要的是促进更有效的环境许可。鉴于风能在巴西和世界范围内的迅速扩张,解决这些问题对于最大限度地减少对全球范围内濒危两栖动物、鸟类和爬行动物的影响至关重要。
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Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation
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