Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2024-02-23DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2024.02.003
Ramanujan S Hegde
Scientific research is an exploration of the unknown. The process is full of uncertainty, missteps, delightful surprises, painful lessons, and ultimately a measure of insight into nature. In this Science and Society article I suggest a few practical strategies that helped me navigate these challenges at the earliest stages of becoming a cell biologist.
科学研究是对未知的探索。这个过程充满了不确定性、失误、惊喜、痛苦的教训,以及最终对自然的洞察力。在这篇《科学与社会》(Science and Society)的文章中,我提出了一些实用的策略,帮助我在成为细胞生物学家的最初阶段应对这些挑战。
{"title":"How to enjoy and thrive in graduate school.","authors":"Ramanujan S Hegde","doi":"10.1016/j.tcb.2024.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcb.2024.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scientific research is an exploration of the unknown. The process is full of uncertainty, missteps, delightful surprises, painful lessons, and ultimately a measure of insight into nature. In this Science and Society article I suggest a few practical strategies that helped me navigate these challenges at the earliest stages of becoming a cell biologist.</p>","PeriodicalId":56085,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139944729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2024.04.006
Clara Mutschler, Stephanie B. Telerman
{"title":"Glial plasticity in the zebrafish central nervous system.","authors":"Clara Mutschler, Stephanie B. Telerman","doi":"10.1016/j.tcb.2024.04.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcb.2024.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56085,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141043054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2023-09-28DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.09.002
Chi-Chuan Lin, Kin Man Suen, Jessica Lidster, John E Ladbury
Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)-mediated signal transduction is fundamental to cell function and drives important cellular outcomes which, when dysregulated, can lead to malignant tumour growth and metastasis. The initiation of signals from plasma membrane-bound RTKs is subjected to multiple regulatory mechanisms that control downstream effector protein recruitment and function. The high propensity of RTKs to condense via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) into membraneless organelles with downstream effector proteins provides a further fundamental mechanism for signal regulation. Herein we highlight how this phenomenon contributes to cancer signalling and consider the potential impact of LLPS on outcomes for cancer patients.
{"title":"The emerging role of receptor tyrosine kinase phase separation in cancer.","authors":"Chi-Chuan Lin, Kin Man Suen, Jessica Lidster, John E Ladbury","doi":"10.1016/j.tcb.2023.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcb.2023.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)-mediated signal transduction is fundamental to cell function and drives important cellular outcomes which, when dysregulated, can lead to malignant tumour growth and metastasis. The initiation of signals from plasma membrane-bound RTKs is subjected to multiple regulatory mechanisms that control downstream effector protein recruitment and function. The high propensity of RTKs to condense via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) into membraneless organelles with downstream effector proteins provides a further fundamental mechanism for signal regulation. Herein we highlight how this phenomenon contributes to cancer signalling and consider the potential impact of LLPS on outcomes for cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":56085,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41144788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2023-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.09.001
Melanie Loix, Noam Zelcer, Jeroen F J Bogie, Jerome J A Hendriks
Lipids are essential molecules that play key roles in cell physiology by serving as structural components, for storage of energy, and in signal transduction. Hence, efficient regulation and maintenance of lipid homeostasis are crucial for normal cellular and tissue function. In the past decade, increasing research has shown the importance of ubiquitination in regulating the stability of key players in different aspects of lipid metabolism. This review describes recent insights into the regulation of lipid metabolism by ubiquitin signaling, discusses how ubiquitination can be targeted in diseases characterized by lipid dysregulation, and identifies areas that require further research.
{"title":"The ubiquitous role of ubiquitination in lipid metabolism.","authors":"Melanie Loix, Noam Zelcer, Jeroen F J Bogie, Jerome J A Hendriks","doi":"10.1016/j.tcb.2023.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcb.2023.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipids are essential molecules that play key roles in cell physiology by serving as structural components, for storage of energy, and in signal transduction. Hence, efficient regulation and maintenance of lipid homeostasis are crucial for normal cellular and tissue function. In the past decade, increasing research has shown the importance of ubiquitination in regulating the stability of key players in different aspects of lipid metabolism. This review describes recent insights into the regulation of lipid metabolism by ubiquitin signaling, discusses how ubiquitination can be targeted in diseases characterized by lipid dysregulation, and identifies areas that require further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":56085,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41152553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2024-03-16DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2024.03.001
Christina Humer, Rainer Schindl, Matthias Sallinger
Calcium (Ca2+) plays a pivotal role in cellular signal transmission by triggering downstream signaling in response to an increase in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. Intracellular organelles serve as Ca2+ stores that induce differently shaped Ca2+ signals. We discuss a study by Yuan et al. that investigated the interplay between the lysosomal two-pore channel 2 (TPC2) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs).
{"title":"Crosstalk between TPC2 and IP<sub>3</sub>R regulates Ca<sup>2+</sup> signals.","authors":"Christina Humer, Rainer Schindl, Matthias Sallinger","doi":"10.1016/j.tcb.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcb.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Calcium (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) plays a pivotal role in cellular signal transmission by triggering downstream signaling in response to an increase in the cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration. Intracellular organelles serve as Ca<sup>2+</sup> stores that induce differently shaped Ca<sup>2+</sup> signals. We discuss a study by Yuan et al. that investigated the interplay between the lysosomal two-pore channel 2 (TPC2) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP<sub>3</sub>Rs).</p>","PeriodicalId":56085,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140144718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2024-01-18DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.12.005
Quan Ma, Jianzhao Liu, Hao Hu, Zisheng Luo
The critical redox cofactor NAD+ was recently reported to serve as an RNA cap in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. However, its reversible regulation and biological functions remain unclear. Here, we provide insights into its discovery, capping and decapping mechanisms, for further discovery of their potential functional implications.
{"title":"The uncharted territory of NAD<sup>+</sup>-capped RNA.","authors":"Quan Ma, Jianzhao Liu, Hao Hu, Zisheng Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.tcb.2023.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcb.2023.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The critical redox cofactor NAD<sup>+</sup> was recently reported to serve as an RNA cap in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. However, its reversible regulation and biological functions remain unclear. Here, we provide insights into its discovery, capping and decapping mechanisms, for further discovery of their potential functional implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":56085,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139503241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-13DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2024.03.003
Lea R.Z. Cohen, Eran Meshorer
H3.3 is a highly conserved nonreplicative histone variant. H3.3 is enriched in promoters and enhancers of active genes, but it is also found within suppressed heterochromatin, mostly around telomeres. Accordingly, H3.3 is associated with seemingly contradicting functions: It is involved in development, differentiation, reprogramming, and cell fate, as well as in heterochromatin formation and maintenance, and the silencing of developmental genes. The emerging view is that different cellular contexts and histone modifications can promote opposing functions for H3.3. Here, we aim to provide an update with a focus on H3.3 functions in early mammalian development, considering the context of embryonic stem cell maintenance and differentiation, to finally conclude with emerging roles in cancer development and cell fate transition and maintenance.
{"title":"The many faces of H3.3 in regulating chromatin in embryonic stem cells and beyond","authors":"Lea R.Z. Cohen, Eran Meshorer","doi":"10.1016/j.tcb.2024.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcb.2024.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>H3.3 is a highly conserved nonreplicative histone variant. H3.3 is enriched in promoters and enhancers of active genes, but it is also found within suppressed heterochromatin, mostly around telomeres. Accordingly, H3.3 is associated with seemingly contradicting functions: It is involved in development, differentiation, reprogramming, and cell fate, as well as in heterochromatin formation and maintenance, and the silencing of developmental genes. The emerging view is that different cellular contexts and histone modifications can promote opposing functions for H3.3. Here, we aim to provide an update with a focus on H3.3 functions in early mammalian development, considering the context of embryonic stem cell maintenance and differentiation, to finally conclude with emerging roles in cancer development and cell fate transition and maintenance.</p>","PeriodicalId":56085,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140630308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1016/s0962-8924(24)00059-x
Abstract not available
无摘要
{"title":"Subscription and Copyright Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s0962-8924(24)00059-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0962-8924(24)00059-x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract not available","PeriodicalId":56085,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1016/s0962-8924(24)00056-4
Abstract not available
无摘要
{"title":"Advisory Board and Contents","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s0962-8924(24)00056-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0962-8924(24)00056-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract not available","PeriodicalId":56085,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2023-08-15DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.07.006
Hava Gil-Henn, Jean-Antoine Girault, Sima Lev
Breast cancer (BC) involves complex signaling networks characterized by extensive cross-communication and feedback loops between and within multiple signaling cascades. Many of these signaling pathways are driven by genetic alterations of oncogene and/or tumor-suppressor genes and are influenced by various environmental cues. We describe unique roles of the non-receptor tyrosine kinase (NRTK) PYK2 in signaling integration and feedback looping in BC. PYK2 functions as a signaling hub in various cascades, and its involvement in positive and negative feedback loops enhances signaling robustness, modulates signaling dynamics, and contributes to BC growth, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stemness, migration, invasion, and metastasis. We also discuss the potential of PYK2 as a therapeutic target in various BC subtypes.
乳腺癌(BC)涉及复杂的信号网络,其特点是多个信号级联之间和内部存在广泛的交叉通信和反馈回路。其中许多信号通路是由癌基因和/或抑癌基因的基因改变驱动的,并受到各种环境因素的影响。我们描述了非受体酪氨酸激酶(NRTK)PYK2 在 BC 信号整合和反馈循环中的独特作用。PYK2在各种级联中发挥着信号枢纽的作用,它参与正反馈循环可增强信号的稳健性、调节信号动态,并有助于BC的生长、上皮细胞向间质转化(EMT)、干性、迁移、侵袭和转移。我们还讨论了PYK2作为各种BC亚型治疗靶点的潜力。
{"title":"PYK2, a hub of signaling networks in breast cancer progression.","authors":"Hava Gil-Henn, Jean-Antoine Girault, Sima Lev","doi":"10.1016/j.tcb.2023.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcb.2023.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer (BC) involves complex signaling networks characterized by extensive cross-communication and feedback loops between and within multiple signaling cascades. Many of these signaling pathways are driven by genetic alterations of oncogene and/or tumor-suppressor genes and are influenced by various environmental cues. We describe unique roles of the non-receptor tyrosine kinase (NRTK) PYK2 in signaling integration and feedback looping in BC. PYK2 functions as a signaling hub in various cascades, and its involvement in positive and negative feedback loops enhances signaling robustness, modulates signaling dynamics, and contributes to BC growth, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stemness, migration, invasion, and metastasis. We also discuss the potential of PYK2 as a therapeutic target in various BC subtypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":56085,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10016702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}