Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics最新文献

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Ornamental perennials in flowerbeds shaded by tree canopy: Succession over five years since the establishment 被树冠遮蔽的花坛中的观赏多年生植物：自建立以来超过五年的演替

IF 3.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics

Pub Date : 2025-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ppees.2025.125847

Josef Kutlvašr , Adam Baroš , Pavlína Truhlárská , Kateřina Berchová Bímová , Martina Vojíková , Martin Vojík , Petr Pyšek , Jan Pergl

Ornamental plantings are an integral part of modern landscapes transformed by humans. In the last decades, there has been a shift towards low-maintenance plantings with reduced energy input, associated with increasing use of easy-to-grow, profusely blooming taxa with broad ecological niches. However, such species can escape from cultivation, naturalize easily, become invasive, and cause environmental and socioeconomic problems. Our study focused on ornamental flowerbeds shaded by the canopy of trees; we studied the survival of the planted taxa in succession and patterns of dominance exchange over five years since planting and compared the results with those obtained previously for sunny ornamental flowerbeds. We recorded 155 taxa (53%) surviving from the initially planted species pool and 118 newly arrived colonizers. The surviving taxa increased or maintained the same abundance as they had at the beginning of succession. Generative reproduction was the main factor contributing to successful survival, followed by specific leaf area (SLA). We observed an increase in diversity, measured as the Shannon-Wiener index, in two of 11 flowerbeds but found no relationship between diversity and stability, calculated as a distance of initial and recent stage in ordination space. The same traits, namely tall stature and high fecundity were important in shaded and sunny assemblages, which were key factors for survival and performance in both environments. The presented results are not only important from the biological invasions point of view but can also help gardeners promote the long-term stability of flowerbeds and save resources necessary for future maintenance of flowerbeds.

观赏植物是人类改造的现代景观的重要组成部分。在过去的几十年里，随着越来越多地使用易于生长、大量开花、生态位广泛的分类群，人们开始转向低维护、低能量投入的种植方式。然而，这些物种容易逃离种植，容易归化，成为入侵物种，并造成环境和社会经济问题。我们的研究重点是在树冠遮蔽下的观赏花坛；研究了种植后5年的植物类群演替存活率和优势交换模式，并与以往在阳光充足的观赏花坛进行了比较。在最初种植的物种池中，我们记录了155个分类群（53%）和118个新到达的殖民者。幸存的分类群增加或保持了与演替开始时相同的丰度。繁殖繁殖是影响成活率的主要因素，其次是比叶面积（SLA）。我们观察到11个花坛中有2个花坛的多样性增加，以Shannon-Wiener指数来衡量，但多样性与稳定性之间没有关系，以协调空间的初始和最近阶段的距离来计算。同样的性状，即高的身材和高的繁殖力在遮荫和阳光组合中都很重要，这是在两种环境下生存和表现的关键因素。本文的研究结果不仅从生物入侵的角度来看是重要的，而且可以帮助园丁促进花坛的长期稳定，并为未来的花坛维护节省必要的资源。

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引用次数: 0

Tillandsia landbeckii secures high phenotypic variation despite clonal propagation at the dry limits of plant life in the Atacama Desert 尽管无性系繁殖在阿塔卡马沙漠植物生命的干燥极限，但蓝背莲确保了高表型变异

IF 3.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ppees.2025.125846

Sarina Jabbusch, Marcus A. Koch

Hyperarid desert systems are among the most extreme and life-limiting biotas on Earth and lack almost any rainfall such as the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. In this study, we explored Tillandsia landbeckii loma vegetation consisting of only one single plant species that often covers square kilometers and is dependent on regular fog events as the most important water supply. We assessed growth and fitness parameters in the field and in cultivation; individual plants from nine permanent field study plots were collected and studied for phenotypic variation and plasticity under greenhouse conditions focusing on temperature and humidity. Individuals studied in the field and in cultivation have been genotyped using ddRAD analyses. The growth-related phenotypic variation shows very fine-scale adaptations to environmental gradients reflecting fog availability, and phenotypic variation is shown to be large. Genetic data indicate that Tillandsia landbeckii propagates mostly clonally, and various clones exhibit increased phenotypic variation and also prevail in the population. Our results suggest that while sexual reproduction is limited the long-lived Tillandsia landbeckii plant secures genotypes with high phenotypic variation via clonal propagation. As a consequence, a mosaic of such clonally reproducing vegetation units is securing not only genetic and phenotypic variation but also the integrity of the entire vegetation system thereby buffering environmental stress at the limits of vascular plant life. On longer time scales spanning hundreds to thousands of years, genetic variation is increased by rare and occasional gene flow, but the success of contemporary vegetation dynamics relies also on clonally reproduced ramets.

极度干旱的沙漠系统是地球上最极端和限制生命的生物群落之一，几乎没有任何降雨，比如智利北部的阿塔卡马沙漠。在本研究中，我们探索了仅由单一植物物种组成的landlandsia landbeckii loma植被，这些植被通常覆盖平方公里，并且依赖于常规雾事件作为最重要的供水。我们评估了田间和栽培中的生长和适宜性参数；收集了9个永久田间研究样地的单株，在以温度和湿度为重点的温室条件下研究了表型变异和可塑性。在田间和栽培中研究的个体已使用ddRAD分析进行基因分型。生长相关的表型变异对反映雾效度的环境梯度表现出非常精细的适应，表型变异显示出很大的差异。遗传数据表明，蓝背莲主要是无性系繁殖，各种无性系表现出表型变异，在群体中也普遍存在。我们的研究结果表明，虽然有性繁殖受到限制，但长寿的蓝背莲植物通过无性繁殖获得了具有高表型变异的基因型。因此，这种无性繁殖的植被单元的马赛克不仅保证了遗传和表型变异，而且保证了整个植被系统的完整性，从而缓冲了维管植物生命极限时的环境压力。在数百年至数千年的更长时间尺度上，遗传变异会因罕见和偶尔的基因流动而增加，但当代植被动态的成功也依赖于无性繁殖的分株。

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引用次数: 0

IF 2.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 2.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

Temporal variability in native plant composition clouds impact of increasing non-native richness along elevational gradients in Tenerife 特内里费岛原生植物组成的时间变异对非原生植物丰富度沿海拔梯度增加的影响

IF 3.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics

Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ppees.2024.125845

Meike Buhaly , Amanda Ratier Backes , José Ramón Arévalo , Sylvia Haider

Introductions of non-native plant species and their rates of expansion into novel environments are rapidly climbing, and their impact on recipient community composition is currently not well documented. Under the influence of rapidly intensifying human activity, pathways such as roads support such range expansions, especially in vulnerable mountain regions. Using species composition and abundance data collected in disturbed and natural habitats along three mountain roads covering almost 2500 m in elevation, we investigate how non-native plant species impact temporal change in community composition and spatial community dissimilarity on the island of Tenerife over 14 years. We found that, within communities, the number of both native and non-native species increased over time in disturbed habitats, while non-native species richness decreased in natural habitats. While species composition of communities changed over time, this change was not greater with or without non-native species, though any signal of non-native species’ influence was likely lost due to the surprisingly high variability in the native community. In disturbed roadside habitats, turnover of species over time played a larger role in temporal change in community composition than changes in species’ abundances. Despite increases in richness and occurrences along the elevation gradient, non-native species did not spatially homogenize communities. Although impacts of non-native species on temporal changes in community dissimilarity were presently not found, increases in the number of non-native species and their occurrences illustrate the need for long-term monitoring of altitudinal spread in mountain plant communities, especially in anthropogenically disturbed habitats.

非本地植物物种的引进及其向新环境扩展的速度正在迅速攀升，它们对接收植物群落组成的影响目前还没有得到很好的记录。在人类活动迅速加剧的影响下，道路等途径支持这种范围的扩大，特别是在脆弱的山区。利用在海拔近2500 m的3条山地公路受干扰和自然生境中收集的物种组成和丰度数据，研究了14年来外来植物物种对特内里费岛群落组成和空间差异的影响。我们发现，在受干扰的生境中，群落内的本地和非本地物种数量随着时间的推移而增加，而非本地物种丰富度在自然生境中下降。虽然群落的物种组成随着时间的推移而变化，但无论有无非本地物种，这种变化都不会更大，尽管由于本地群落中惊人的高变异性，任何非本地物种影响的信号都可能丢失。在受干扰的路边生境中，物种更替对群落组成的影响大于物种丰度的变化。尽管非本地物种的丰富度和发生率在海拔梯度上有所增加，但在空间上并没有使群落同质化。虽然目前还没有发现非本土物种对群落差异的时间变化的影响，但非本土物种数量及其出现的增加表明，需要长期监测山地植物群落的海拔分布，特别是在人为干扰的生境中。

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