Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.2174/2210315513666230330082412
S. Shivam, Asheesh Kumar Gupta, Sushil Kumar
Diabetes mellitus, together with its numerous consequences, is rapidly becoming a major health issue. Natural products are secondary metabolites found in plants that have a wide range of biological functions. The development of anti-diabetic medications derived from natural compounds, particularly those derived from plants having a documented folk-use history in the treatment of diabetes, is gaining traction. Many studies have shown the usefulness of natural flavonoids with hypoglycemic properties in the management of diabetic problems, along with their advantages. This paper describes the mechanisms of action of several natural flavonoids whose hypoglycemic effects have been confirmed. Comprehensive lifestyle treatments can help those at high risk of diabetes to avoid or delay the start of the disease, according to the results of randomized controlled trials. Terpenoids are a type of natural substance that have been identified as an anti-diabetic agent in various studies. Some of them are in various phases of preclinical and clinical testing to conclude whether they can be used as anti-diabetic drugs. These compounds can block the enzymes involved in insulin resistance, facilitate glucose metabolism, and positively affect plasma glucose and insulin levels. By blocking multiple pathways implicated in diabetes and its consequences, flavonoids and triterpenes can operate as potential agents in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy, as well as poor wound healing. However, there have been few attempts to investigate the biological effects of triterpenes and clinical research investigating their use in the treatment of diabetes. As a result, it is critical to pay close attention to these chemicals' therapeutic potential and to contribute fresh information to the scientific community. This review focuses on current advancements in flavonoids and triterpenes chemistry, derivatives, biological interventions, and therapeutic applications, with a focus on diabetes and related illnesses.
{"title":"Review on Diabetic Complications and their Management by Flavonoids and Triterpenoids","authors":"S. Shivam, Asheesh Kumar Gupta, Sushil Kumar","doi":"10.2174/2210315513666230330082412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315513666230330082412","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Diabetes mellitus, together with its numerous consequences, is rapidly becoming a major health issue. Natural products are secondary metabolites found in plants that have a wide range of biological functions. The development of anti-diabetic medications derived from natural compounds, particularly those derived from plants having a documented folk-use history in the treatment of diabetes, is gaining traction. Many studies have shown the usefulness of natural flavonoids with hypoglycemic properties in the management of diabetic problems, along with their advantages. This paper describes the mechanisms of action of several natural flavonoids whose hypoglycemic effects have been confirmed. Comprehensive lifestyle treatments can help those at high risk of diabetes to avoid or delay the start of the disease, according to the results of randomized controlled trials. Terpenoids are a type of natural substance that have been identified as an anti-diabetic agent in various studies. Some of them are in various phases of preclinical and clinical testing to conclude whether they can be used as anti-diabetic drugs. These compounds can block the enzymes involved in insulin resistance, facilitate glucose metabolism, and positively affect plasma glucose and insulin levels. By blocking multiple pathways implicated in diabetes and its consequences, flavonoids and triterpenes can operate as potential agents in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy, as well as poor wound healing. However, there have been few attempts to investigate the biological effects of triterpenes and clinical research investigating their use in the treatment of diabetes. As a result, it is critical to pay close attention to these chemicals' therapeutic potential and to contribute fresh information to the scientific community. This review focuses on current advancements in flavonoids and triterpenes chemistry, derivatives, biological interventions, and therapeutic applications, with a focus on diabetes and related illnesses.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47558718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trapa natans (Family: Trapacea) is basically an edible and ornate plant found in warm, temperate regions of Asia and Europe. Extracts of different parts, as well as the whole herb itself, have been found to traditionally use for the treating many ailments. Current review aims at documenting, finding research gap, and critically appraising the contemporary information of T. natans based on botanical account, traditional use, reported bioactive constituents, toxicity, and therapeutic activities. We used several electronic databases, including scientific data from Pubmed, and Google scholar up to April 3, 2022, incorporating keywords- “Trapa natans,” and “Traditional use of Trapa natans.” The result suggested: a) The plant is used traditionally for treating burning sensation, dipsia, dyspepsia, haemorrhage, diarrhoea, dysentery, leprosy, weariness, inflammation, fractures, pharyngitis, urethrorrhea, bronchitis, and general debility. b) The phytoconstituents found in the plant include cycloucalenol, ursolic acid, ellagic acid, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, syringic acid, quercetin and 2β, 3α, 23-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid. The other phytoconstituents were protein, carbohydrates, starch, flavonoids, and essential vitamins like riboflavin, thiamine, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid, vitamin A, vitamin C and D-amylase. c) The plant was studied further for its pharmacological activity in antidiabetic property, antimicrobial potency, anti-inflammatory activity, analgesic activity, immunomodulatory effect, antiulcer activity, anticancer property and nootropic activity. d) Starch obtained from T. natans was also found to have good freeze thaw property, metal chelation property and youghurt stability which could be used for pharmaceutical preparations. e) The oral acute toxicity of hydroalcoholic, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of T. natans was reported to be safe up to a dose of 2000 mg/Kg. The present review suggests that T. natans needs to be explored for evaluation of mechanistic study of the reported activities, preclinical investigations, and evaluation of clinical studies on humans for its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic actions as well as development dose-dependent formulations and routes of administration.
{"title":"Trapa natans L.: A Journey from Traditional to Contemporary Therapies- A Review","authors":"Zartaj Washmin Banu, D. Dasgupta, Iswar Hazarika, Damiki Laloo, Junmoni Kalita","doi":"10.2174/2210315513666230330182909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315513666230330182909","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Trapa natans (Family: Trapacea) is basically an edible and ornate plant found in warm, temperate regions of Asia and Europe. Extracts of different parts, as well as the whole herb itself, have been found to traditionally use for the treating many ailments.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Current review aims at documenting, finding research gap, and critically appraising the contemporary information of T. natans based on botanical account, traditional use, reported bioactive constituents, toxicity, and therapeutic activities.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We used several electronic databases, including scientific data from Pubmed, and Google scholar up to April 3, 2022, incorporating keywords- “Trapa natans,” and “Traditional use of Trapa natans.”\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The result suggested: \u0000a) The plant is used traditionally for treating burning sensation, dipsia, dyspepsia, haemorrhage, diarrhoea, dysentery, leprosy, weariness, inflammation, fractures, pharyngitis, urethrorrhea, bronchitis, and general debility. \u0000b) The phytoconstituents found in the plant include cycloucalenol, ursolic acid, ellagic acid, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, syringic acid, quercetin and 2β, 3α, 23-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid. The other phytoconstituents were protein, carbohydrates, starch, flavonoids, and essential vitamins like riboflavin, thiamine, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid, vitamin A, vitamin C and D-amylase. \u0000c) The plant was studied further for its pharmacological activity in antidiabetic property, antimicrobial potency, anti-inflammatory activity, analgesic activity, immunomodulatory effect, antiulcer activity, anticancer property and nootropic activity. \u0000d) Starch obtained from T. natans was also found to have good freeze thaw property, metal chelation property and youghurt stability which could be used for pharmaceutical preparations.\u0000e) The oral acute toxicity of hydroalcoholic, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of T. natans was reported to be safe up to a dose of 2000 mg/Kg.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The present review suggests that T. natans needs to be explored for evaluation of mechanistic study of the reported activities, preclinical investigations, and evaluation of clinical studies on humans for its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic actions as well as development dose-dependent formulations and routes of administration.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43089164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.2174/2210315513666230330082415
Stephanie Tamdem Guetchueng, Axel Tiwa Lontsi, Théodora Kopa Kowa, J. Tchamgoue, N. Tsabang, E. Nnanga
Erigeron floribundus (Kunth) Sch. Bip. is a reputed medicinal plant widespread all over the world and used traditionally in the treatment of several diseases and infections such as skin disorders, malaria, and gastrointestinal infections. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, and toxicological profile of E. floribundus, and to direct further studies on aspects that have not yet been investigated in order to bring more scientific data for this plant and then give an opportunity for future exploitation in pharmaceutical industries. A meticulous and methodical analysis of the literature was conducted using various online scientific databases and all relevant abstracts and full text articles analyzed and included in the review. A wide range of traditional uses are cited in the literature with the plant mostly being used in African folk medicine for the treatment of malaria and skin diseases. Phytochemical investigations of E. floribundus have resulted in the isolation of several metabolites from different classes including acetylene-derivatives, phenolic compounds, triterpenoids, and steroids. Extracts and isolates from this species were reported to exhibit promising antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties. However, the plant has also demonstrated some toxicological activities and should be used with caution. Reported chemical and pharmacological investigations of E. floribundus support the traditional uses of this plant which deserves further attention for antimicrobial drug discovery. The in-depth study should be emphasized the in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial assessment of its extracts and isolated compounds.
{"title":"Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology of Erigeron floribundus (Kunth) Sch. Bip.: a Review","authors":"Stephanie Tamdem Guetchueng, Axel Tiwa Lontsi, Théodora Kopa Kowa, J. Tchamgoue, N. Tsabang, E. Nnanga","doi":"10.2174/2210315513666230330082415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315513666230330082415","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Erigeron floribundus (Kunth) Sch. Bip. is a reputed medicinal plant widespread all over the world and used traditionally in the treatment of several diseases and infections such as skin disorders, malaria, and gastrointestinal infections.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, and toxicological profile of E. floribundus, and to direct further studies on aspects that have not yet been investigated in order to bring more scientific data for this plant and then give an opportunity for future exploitation in pharmaceutical industries.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A meticulous and methodical analysis of the literature was conducted using various online scientific databases and all relevant abstracts and full text articles analyzed and included in the review.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A wide range of traditional uses are cited in the literature with the plant mostly being used in African folk medicine for the treatment of malaria and skin diseases. Phytochemical investigations of E. floribundus have resulted in the isolation of several metabolites from different classes including acetylene-derivatives, phenolic compounds, triterpenoids, and steroids. Extracts and isolates from this species were reported to exhibit promising antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties. However, the plant has also demonstrated some toxicological activities and should be used with caution.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Reported chemical and pharmacological investigations of E. floribundus support the traditional uses of this plant which deserves further attention for antimicrobial drug discovery. The in-depth study should be emphasized the in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial assessment of its extracts and isolated compounds.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45614975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since time immemorial, people have been trying to increase their sexuality. They seek ways to increase sexual activity or sexual desire in themselves and their partners. In addition to resorting to all sorts of mystical rituals, people were looking for various effects from the use of natural raw materials. Some plant, animal, or fungal products have been shown to affect libido, sexual arousal, erectile function, orgasm or erogenous zone sensitivity. Such substances have been called "aphrodisiacs" in honor of the ancient Greek goddess of love - Aphrodite. Most often, aphrodisiacs were taken orally, but some were smoked and others applied to the genitals. In modern clinical practice, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors are used. These are substances, which enhance erection and prevent detumescence in the presence of sexual arousal. Another group of drugs is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, which reduce sexual arousal and sexual afferent from the genitals, thus preventing the premature onset of orgasm in men and prolonging sexual intercourse. However, drugs from other pharmacological groups have not found widespread clinical application. Another issue is a trend among young people taking drugs of natural origin, therefore, all kinds of traditional aphrodisiacs are actively used to the present day. Very little is known about almost all of them. Clinical trials are in most cases limited to a few, often not randomized, studies. In this regard, it is very difficult to evaluate the adequate therapeutic and toxic doses of remedies. The situation is complicated by the fact that those few clinical studies were based on questionnaires, that is, the indicators taken into statistical calculations were extremely subjective. Moreover, it was uncertain whether all patients could adequately assess their dynamics in terms of parameters such as sexual satisfaction, or clearly distinguish between libido and sexual arousal. Since the majority of the studies were not blinded, a psychogenic influence on the results of the investigations could not be eliminated, which in the sexual area may be huge. It is worth emphasizing the toxicity of many traditional aphrodisiacs. Of course, there is a serious deficit in the spectrum of pharmacotherapy for sexual disorders. Perhaps further large, randomized, placebo-controlled trials would add some of the traditional aphrodisiacs or their modifications to the arsenal of the clinical specialist.
{"title":"Natural aphrodisiacs: traditional use, mechanism of action, clinical efficacy, and safety","authors":"Galchenko Alexey Vladimirovich, Bubnova Anastasiia Mikhailovna","doi":"10.2174/2210315513666230324111231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315513666230324111231","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Since time immemorial, people have been trying to increase their sexuality. They seek ways to increase sexual activity or sexual desire in themselves and their partners. In addition to resorting to all sorts of mystical rituals, people were looking for various effects from the use of natural raw materials. Some plant, animal, or fungal products have been shown to affect libido, sexual arousal, erectile function, orgasm or erogenous zone sensitivity. Such substances have been called \"aphrodisiacs\" in honor of the ancient Greek goddess of love - Aphrodite. Most often, aphrodisiacs were taken orally, but some were smoked and others applied to the genitals.\u0000In modern clinical practice, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors are used. These are substances, which enhance erection and prevent detumescence in the presence of sexual arousal. Another group of drugs is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, which reduce sexual arousal and sexual afferent from the genitals, thus preventing the premature onset of orgasm in men and prolonging sexual intercourse. \u0000However, drugs from other pharmacological groups have not found widespread clinical application. Another issue is a trend among young people taking drugs of natural origin, therefore, all kinds of traditional aphrodisiacs are actively used to the present day.\u0000Very little is known about almost all of them. Clinical trials are in most cases limited to a few, often not randomized, studies. In this regard, it is very difficult to evaluate the adequate therapeutic and toxic doses of remedies. The situation is complicated by the fact that those few clinical studies were based on questionnaires, that is, the indicators taken into statistical calculations were extremely subjective. Moreover, it was uncertain whether all patients could adequately assess their dynamics in terms of parameters such as sexual satisfaction, or clearly distinguish between libido and sexual arousal. Since the majority of the studies were not blinded, a psychogenic influence on the results of the investigations could not be eliminated, which in the sexual area may be huge. It is worth emphasizing the toxicity of many traditional aphrodisiacs.\u0000Of course, there is a serious deficit in the spectrum of pharmacotherapy for sexual disorders. Perhaps further large, randomized, placebo-controlled trials would add some of the traditional aphrodisiacs or their modifications to the arsenal of the clinical specialist.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42035901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-16DOI: 10.2174/2210315513666230316100124
Chandrashekhar V M, Lingaraj Anawal, M. Shalavadi, Shubham Teli
Traditionally, plants have been used for various diseases and neuronal disorders. The present study was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of Blepharis maderaspatensis against a colchicine-induced Alzheimer’s disease rat model. Background and Objective: Traditionally, plants were used for various diseases and neuronal disorders. The present study was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of Blepharis maderaspatensis against colchicine induced Alzheimer’s disease rat model. Neuroprotective activity was examined on colchicine-induced Alzheimer’s disease rats. Test group animals were administrated with ethanol extract of Blepharis maderaspatensis at doses of 200, 400, and 600mg/kg for 28 days. The behavioral parameters were assessed using the Morris water maze and a Digital actophotometer at days 0, 7, 14, and 28 on intracerebroventricular administration of colchicine for assessing the cognitive and gross behavioral activities in rats. Biochemical parameters like lipid peroxidation, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, total thiols, and acetylcholinesterase were assessed and histopathology of brain tissue was examined on the final day of the experiment. Ethanol extract of Blepharis maderaspatensis showed a dose-dependent neuroprotective activity with a significant decrease in time latency of the Morris water maze (p<0.001) and an increase in the locomotor activity (p<0.001) in the test group as compared to the control group. Biochemical parameters showed a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation (p<0.001) and acetylcholinesterase level (p<0.001) and an increase in superoxide dismutase (p<0.001), catalase (p<0.001), glutathione (p<0.001), and total thiols (p<0.001) in the test group as compared to the control group. In conclusion, the present study showed that the administration of ethanol extract of Blepharis maderaspatensis exerted neuroprotective activity against colchicine-induced cognitive impairment and associated oxidative stress. Ethanol extract of Blepharis maderaspatensis showed a dose dependent neuroprotective activity with significant decrease in time latency of Morris water maze (p<0.001) and increase in the locomotor activity (p<0.001) in test group as compared to control group. Biochemical parameters showed significant decreases in lipid peroxidation (p<0.001), acetylcholinesterase level (p<0.001) and increased in superoxide dismutase (p<0.001) catalase (p<0.001), glutathione (p<0.001) total thiols (p<0.001) in the test group as compared control group. In conclusion, the present study showed that administration of ethanol extract of Blepharis maderaspatensis possesses neuroprotective activity against colchicine induced cognitive impairment and associated oxidative stress.
{"title":"Neuroprotective Activity of Blepharis maderaspatensis Against Colchicine Induced Alzheimer’s Disease Rat Model","authors":"Chandrashekhar V M, Lingaraj Anawal, M. Shalavadi, Shubham Teli","doi":"10.2174/2210315513666230316100124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315513666230316100124","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Traditionally, plants have been used for various diseases and neuronal disorders. The present study was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of Blepharis maderaspatensis against a colchicine-induced Alzheimer’s disease rat model.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Background and Objective: Traditionally, plants were used for various diseases and neuronal disorders. The present study was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of Blepharis maderaspatensis against colchicine induced Alzheimer’s disease rat model.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Neuroprotective activity was examined on colchicine-induced Alzheimer’s disease rats. Test group animals were administrated with ethanol extract of Blepharis maderaspatensis at doses of 200, 400, and 600mg/kg for 28 days. The behavioral parameters were assessed using the Morris water maze and a Digital actophotometer at days 0, 7, 14, and 28 on intracerebroventricular administration of colchicine for assessing the cognitive and gross behavioral activities in rats. Biochemical parameters like lipid peroxidation, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, total thiols, and acetylcholinesterase were assessed and histopathology of brain tissue was examined on the final day of the experiment.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Ethanol extract of Blepharis maderaspatensis showed a dose-dependent neuroprotective activity with a significant decrease in time latency of the Morris water maze (p<0.001) and an increase in the locomotor activity (p<0.001) in the test group as compared to the control group. Biochemical parameters showed a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation (p<0.001) and acetylcholinesterase level (p<0.001) and an increase in superoxide dismutase (p<0.001), catalase (p<0.001), glutathione (p<0.001), and total thiols (p<0.001) in the test group as compared to the control group.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In conclusion, the present study showed that the administration of ethanol extract of Blepharis maderaspatensis exerted neuroprotective activity against colchicine-induced cognitive impairment and associated oxidative stress.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Ethanol extract of Blepharis maderaspatensis showed a dose dependent neuroprotective activity with significant decrease in time latency of Morris water maze (p<0.001) and increase in the locomotor activity (p<0.001) in test group as compared to control group. Biochemical parameters showed significant decreases in lipid peroxidation (p<0.001), acetylcholinesterase level (p<0.001) and increased in superoxide dismutase (p<0.001) catalase (p<0.001), glutathione (p<0.001) total thiols (p<0.001) in the test group as compared control group.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In conclusion, the present study showed that administration of ethanol extract of Blepharis maderaspatensis possesses neuroprotective activity against colchicine induced cognitive impairment and associated oxidative stress.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48825911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-09DOI: 10.2174/2210315513666230309105835
F. Liew, Theysshana Visuvanathan, Shalini Vellasamy
Since ancient times, fenugreek has been utilized as a dietary condiment as well as for its various therapeutic properties. The goal of this study is to look at the function of fenugreek in regulating obesity metabolism by providing a global picture of gene networks and pathways. The buildup of fat in adipose tissue and other internal organs is a hallmark of obesity, a long-term carbohydrate and lipid metabolic disorder. The fenugreek plant grows up to 60 cm tall, with golden-yellow rhomboidal seeds. Though the seeds of fenugreek are more well-known, the leaves and stems have also been suggested to have therapeutic properties. Various studies have shown that the secondary metabolites in the fenugreek plant are responsible for these properties. Several studies have shown that fenugreek has anti-obesity properties, making it a good plant candidate with a high prospect of being used to treat obesity. This review paper discusses the use of combinatorial analytic approaches to better understand the medicinal uses of fenugreek. Combinatorial analytical methods that use functional modulation and modelling may make it easier to come up with research strategies to fill in research gaps and find possible research niches.
{"title":"Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) modulates energy metabolism and anti-inflammatory response in obesity via combinatorial analysis","authors":"F. Liew, Theysshana Visuvanathan, Shalini Vellasamy","doi":"10.2174/2210315513666230309105835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315513666230309105835","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Since ancient times, fenugreek has been utilized as a dietary condiment as well as for its various therapeutic properties. The goal of this study is to look at the function of fenugreek in regulating obesity metabolism by providing a global picture of gene networks and pathways. The buildup of fat in adipose tissue and other internal organs is a hallmark of obesity, a long-term carbohydrate and lipid metabolic disorder. The fenugreek plant grows up to 60 cm tall, with golden-yellow rhomboidal seeds. Though the seeds of fenugreek are more well-known, the leaves and stems have also been suggested to have therapeutic properties. Various studies have shown that the secondary metabolites in the fenugreek plant are responsible for these properties. Several studies have shown that fenugreek has anti-obesity properties, making it a good plant candidate with a high prospect of being used to treat obesity. This review paper discusses the use of combinatorial analytic approaches to better understand the medicinal uses of fenugreek. Combinatorial analytical methods that use functional modulation and modelling may make it easier to come up with research strategies to fill in research gaps and find possible research niches.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46191287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-09DOI: 10.2174/2210315513666230309141639
A. Jabeen, Syeda Farah Shah, Sidrah Shams, Z. Batool, Zaheer-ul-Haq, S. Faizi
Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by hyper-proliferating epidermal membrane and accumulation of dermal inflammatory cells. A profound understanding of mechanistic studies has revealed the potential role of TNF-α and IL-17a in disease pathogenesis. Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease labelled with hyper-proliferating epidermal membrane and accumulation of dermal inflammatory cells. Profound understanding of mechanistic studies revealed the potential role of TNF-α and IL-17a in the disease pathogenesis. The study aims to evaluate the inhibitory potential of octyl gallate on IL-17a through in silico analysis and validate its anti-inflammatory effects against oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines in vitro. The study aims to evaluate the inhibitory potential of octyl gallate on IL-17a through in silico analysis and validate its anti-inflammatory effects against oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines in vitro. The objective of the study is to evaluate the potential of octyl gallate for the treatment of psoriasis by targeting inflammatory mediators using in vitro and in silico approaches. The anti-oxidant potential of octyl gallate was evaluated through chemiluminescence and the Griess method. Cytotoxicity was evaluated via MTT assay. TNF-α levels were quantified through ELISA. Mechanistic studies were performed to recognize the inhibition of strong inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NCF-1, and NF-κB through gene expression analysis. Molecular docking was performed to study the underlying binding pattern of gallate inhibitor with IL-17a. Octyl gallate potently inhibited the TNF-α, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species while significantly reduces the expression of inflammatory genes. The docking analysis revealed that octyl gallate resides well in the binding pocket of IL17a. The physiochemical properties of gallate resulted good ADME profile. Octyl gallate potently inhibited TNF-α, reactive oxygen, and nitrogen species while significantly reducing the expression of inflammatory genes. The docking analysis revealed that octyl gallate resides well in the binding pocket of IL17a. The physicochemical properties of gallate resulted in a good ADME profile. Octyl gallate revealed significant antioxidant potential and downregulation of inflammatory genes principally involved in psoriasis. A new inhibitory target IL-17a of octyl gallate has been identified that together with TNF-α develops a feed forward state in disease pathogenesis. This study signifies the potential of octyl gallate to be a prospective lead molecule for treatment of psoriasis. Octyl gallate revealed a significant antioxidant potential and downregulation of inflammatory genes principally involved in psoriasis. A new inhibitory target IL-17a of octyl gallate has been identified that, together with TNF-α, develops a feed-forward state in disease pathogenesis. This study signifies the potential of octyl gall
{"title":"Octyl Gallate, a Potential Therapeutic Candidate for Psoriasis: An In vitro and In silico Anti-Inflammatory approach","authors":"A. Jabeen, Syeda Farah Shah, Sidrah Shams, Z. Batool, Zaheer-ul-Haq, S. Faizi","doi":"10.2174/2210315513666230309141639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315513666230309141639","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by hyper-proliferating epidermal membrane and accumulation of dermal inflammatory cells. A profound understanding of mechanistic studies has revealed the potential role of TNF-α and IL-17a in disease pathogenesis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease labelled with hyper-proliferating epidermal membrane and accumulation of dermal inflammatory cells. Profound understanding of mechanistic studies revealed the potential role of TNF-α and IL-17a in the disease pathogenesis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study aims to evaluate the inhibitory potential of octyl gallate on IL-17a through in silico analysis and validate its anti-inflammatory effects against oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines in vitro.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study aims to evaluate the inhibitory potential of octyl gallate on IL-17a through in silico analysis and validate its anti-inflammatory effects against oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines in vitro.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The objective of the study is to evaluate the potential of octyl gallate for the treatment of psoriasis by targeting inflammatory mediators using in vitro and in silico approaches.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The anti-oxidant potential of octyl gallate was evaluated through chemiluminescence and the Griess method. Cytotoxicity was evaluated via MTT assay. TNF-α levels were quantified through ELISA. Mechanistic studies were performed to recognize the inhibition of strong inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NCF-1, and NF-κB through gene expression analysis. Molecular docking was performed to study the underlying binding pattern of gallate inhibitor with IL-17a.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Octyl gallate potently inhibited the TNF-α, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species while significantly reduces the expression of inflammatory genes. The docking analysis revealed that octyl gallate resides well in the binding pocket of IL17a. The physiochemical properties of gallate resulted good ADME profile.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Octyl gallate potently inhibited TNF-α, reactive oxygen, and nitrogen species while significantly reducing the expression of inflammatory genes. The docking analysis revealed that octyl gallate resides well in the binding pocket of IL17a. The physicochemical properties of gallate resulted in a good ADME profile.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Octyl gallate revealed significant antioxidant potential and downregulation of inflammatory genes principally involved in psoriasis. A new inhibitory target IL-17a of octyl gallate has been identified that together with TNF-α develops a feed forward state in disease pathogenesis. This study signifies the potential of octyl gallate to be a prospective lead molecule for treatment of psoriasis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Octyl gallate revealed a significant antioxidant potential and downregulation of inflammatory genes principally involved in psoriasis. A new inhibitory target IL-17a of octyl gallate has been identified that, together with TNF-α, develops a feed-forward state in disease pathogenesis. This study signifies the potential of octyl gall","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45569082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-07DOI: 10.2174/2210315513666230307115348
Yan Pan, Premika Jagadiah, Yee Tze Ung, Sharoen Yu Ming Lim, K. Lim, Jason Loo Siau Ee, Y. Pung, L. Chowdhury, Shang Tao
Mangiferin has been identified as one of the major active constituents of Aquilaria plants. It was reported to have several promising chemotherapeutic potentials. Our preliminary data suggested that Aquilaria plant water extracts inhibited several cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes in vitro. This study aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of mangiferin on six major drug metabolizing CYP enzymes including CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5. The enzyme activities were measured using fluorescence-based assays and enzyme kinetic such as IC50 parameters and Ki values were calculated to evaluate inhibitory potencies and mechanisms. Moreover, for potent inhibitions, molecular docking studies were carried out to explore potential interactions of residues between mangiferin and CYP enzymes. Our findings suggested that mangiferin could inhibit CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 in vitro with IC50 values of 9.2, 8.7, and 4.3µM, and Ki values of 3.8, 10.8, and 9.6µM, in a non-competitive inhibition pattern. Molecular docking studies using AutoDock 4.2 identified potential residues contained in mangiferin that interacted with CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5, resulting in the observed inhibitory effects. Mangiferin should be used carefully, in particular, with conventional drugs metabolized mainly by CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5. Further in vivo studies are recommended to evaluate the clinical relevance of these inhibitions.
{"title":"Modulatory Effects of Mangiferin Isolated from Aquilaria Plants on Human Cytochrome P450 Enzyme (CYP) Activities in Vitro and in Silico Studies","authors":"Yan Pan, Premika Jagadiah, Yee Tze Ung, Sharoen Yu Ming Lim, K. Lim, Jason Loo Siau Ee, Y. Pung, L. Chowdhury, Shang Tao","doi":"10.2174/2210315513666230307115348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315513666230307115348","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Mangiferin has been identified as one of the major active constituents of Aquilaria plants. It was reported to have several promising chemotherapeutic potentials. Our preliminary data suggested that Aquilaria plant water extracts inhibited several cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes in vitro.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of mangiferin on six major drug metabolizing CYP enzymes including CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The enzyme activities were measured using fluorescence-based assays and enzyme kinetic such as IC50 parameters and Ki values were calculated to evaluate inhibitory potencies and mechanisms. Moreover, for potent inhibitions, molecular docking studies were carried out to explore potential interactions of residues between mangiferin and CYP enzymes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Our findings suggested that mangiferin could inhibit CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 in vitro with IC50 values of 9.2, 8.7, and 4.3µM, and Ki values of 3.8, 10.8, and 9.6µM, in a non-competitive inhibition pattern. Molecular docking studies using AutoDock 4.2 identified potential residues contained in mangiferin that interacted with CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5, resulting in the observed inhibitory effects.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Mangiferin should be used carefully, in particular, with conventional drugs metabolized mainly by CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5. Further in vivo studies are recommended to evaluate the clinical relevance of these inhibitions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45653042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.2174/2210315513666230301094259
N. Kumar, Shikha Sharma
Moringa oleifera (MO), which belongs to the family Moringaceae, is a significant medicinal plant that is also one of the species farmed in the greatest quantity worldwide. All its components, including its leaves, roots, seeds, flowers, bark, stems, and green pods, have a wide range of medicinal properties and are exceptionally high in nutritional content. Some of the important medicinal properties of the plant include anticancer, antiasthmatic, antipyretic, antiepileptic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcerative, cholesterol-lowering, antioxidant, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, diuretic, CNS depressant, antibacterial, antifungal, anthelmintic, antibiotic, analgesic, antimalarial, antispasmodic, etc. Its nutritional value is attributed to the presence of proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, amino acids, α-carotene, and various phenolic compounds. The purpose of this review is to present a synopsis of the ethnobotany, nutritive, and phytochemical profiles of various parts as well as the pharmacological properties of MO, with a particular emphasis on the several processes that are responsible for its multispectral activity. Additionally, it highlights studies on the safety profile, medication interactions, and relevant clinical trials. MO is used in pharmaceutics as an active extract in metallic nanoparticles and as an excipient in different pharmaceutical products. Other applications related to its water-purifying features, such as biodiesel, biogas, and biopesticide, are also discussed in the present article. Thus, the review provides necessary information proving that each part of MO has beneficial effects, and the plant can be studied extensively for many research aspects.
{"title":"Pharmacology, Ethnopharmacology, and Phytochemistry of Medicinally Active Moringa oleifera: A Review","authors":"N. Kumar, Shikha Sharma","doi":"10.2174/2210315513666230301094259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315513666230301094259","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Moringa oleifera (MO), which belongs to the family Moringaceae, is a significant medicinal plant that is also one of the species farmed in the greatest quantity worldwide. All its components, including its leaves, roots, seeds, flowers, bark, stems, and green pods, have a wide range of medicinal properties and are exceptionally high in nutritional content. Some of the important medicinal properties of the plant include anticancer, antiasthmatic, antipyretic, antiepileptic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcerative, cholesterol-lowering, antioxidant, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, diuretic, CNS depressant, antibacterial, antifungal, anthelmintic, antibiotic, analgesic, antimalarial, antispasmodic, etc. Its nutritional value is attributed to the presence of proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, amino acids, α-carotene, and various phenolic compounds. The purpose of this review is to present a synopsis of the ethnobotany, nutritive, and phytochemical profiles of various parts as well as the pharmacological properties of MO, with a particular emphasis on the several processes that are responsible for its multispectral activity. Additionally, it highlights studies on the safety profile, medication interactions, and relevant clinical trials. MO is used in pharmaceutics as an active extract in metallic nanoparticles and as an excipient in different pharmaceutical products. Other applications related to its water-purifying features, such as biodiesel, biogas, and biopesticide, are also discussed in the present article. Thus, the review provides necessary information proving that each part of MO has beneficial effects, and the plant can be studied extensively for many research aspects.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49627042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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