Pub Date : 2022-05-19DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220519092602
Marwa El-Zeftawy, D. Ghareeb, M. Balbaa
Even Nigella sativa oil (NSO) has several pharmacological effects; the route of administration is critical to obtain the desired activity in which intraperitoneal injection (IP) of oil recruits macrophages and induces inflammation. The current study aimed to determine the best administration route of NSO in rats either oral or IP. The components of NSO, routine blood analyses, hepatic oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory parameters, and liver histopathological study were evaluated. NSO contained 32.14% E,E,Z- 1,3,12- nonadecatriene- 5,14 diol, 25% thymoquinone (TQ) and 3.74% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). In addition, the rats that received IP injection of NSO showed an increase in hepatic enzymes, lipid profiles, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers. This was associated with hepatic up-regulation of the A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM-17) genes, which are corroborated by a reduction in hepatic tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP-3) concentration. These indications were seen in rats given a small amount of DMSO (NSO vehicle), indicating that NSO-oral delivery was safer than IP. NSO-IP administration promotes the hepatic oxidative stress-inflammation axis; thus, NSO is a generally safe chemical, especially when administered orally to experimental animals.
{"title":"The hepatotoxicity of Nigella sativa oil linked to the route of Administration","authors":"Marwa El-Zeftawy, D. Ghareeb, M. Balbaa","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220519092602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220519092602","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Even Nigella sativa oil (NSO) has several pharmacological effects; the route of administration is critical to obtain the desired activity in which intraperitoneal injection (IP) of oil recruits macrophages and induces inflammation.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The current study aimed to determine the best administration route of NSO in rats either oral or IP.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The components of NSO, routine blood analyses, hepatic oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory parameters, and liver histopathological study were evaluated.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000NSO contained 32.14% E,E,Z- 1,3,12- nonadecatriene- 5,14 diol, 25% thymoquinone (TQ) and 3.74% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). In addition, the rats that received IP injection of NSO showed an increase in hepatic enzymes, lipid profiles, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers. This was associated with hepatic up-regulation of the A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM-17) genes, which are corroborated by a reduction in hepatic tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP-3) concentration. These indications were seen in rats given a small amount of DMSO (NSO vehicle), indicating that NSO-oral delivery was safer than IP.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000NSO-IP administration promotes the hepatic oxidative stress-inflammation axis; thus, NSO is a generally safe chemical, especially when administered orally to experimental animals.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45715845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-19DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220519093537
Divya Vashishth, Poonam Yadav, M. Bhardwaj, Mansi Yadav, Pooja Kadyan, S. K. Kataria
Cancer a death havoc is increasing at an alarming pace globally. There is a need to explore novel chemicals having anticancerous potential for its treatment with minimal side effects. Natural compounds obtained from plants have less toxic properties and can be proved as a better medication against this lethal disease. Thus, the secondary metabolites having anticancer properties found in plants, fruits, and vegetables are being persistently evaluated for research in cancer treatment like anticancer drugs- vinblastine, vincristine and taxol which are derived from plants. This review summarizes the anticancer properties of chemical repertoires of plants inhabiting the hot arid regions present in India against various cancer cell lines like HepG2, MCF7, PC3, HT116 etc. The mechanism of action of flavonoids in the induction of apoptosis through suppression/promotion of various factors including Ras-ERK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways and genes mainly such as Bax, Bcl-2, p53 involved in the proliferation of cancer cells play emphatically in combating the extent of the disease by promoting apoptosis in cancer cells. The insight about the reported mechanisms will open further avenues of the anticancer potential of novel secondary metabolites.
{"title":"Anticancer activity of secondary metabolites present in plants of hot arid region of India","authors":"Divya Vashishth, Poonam Yadav, M. Bhardwaj, Mansi Yadav, Pooja Kadyan, S. K. Kataria","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220519093537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220519093537","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Cancer a death havoc is increasing at an alarming pace globally. There is a need to explore novel chemicals having anticancerous potential for its treatment with minimal side effects. Natural compounds obtained from plants have less toxic properties and can be proved as a better medication against this lethal disease. Thus, the secondary metabolites having anticancer properties found in plants, fruits, and vegetables are being persistently evaluated for research in cancer treatment like anticancer drugs- vinblastine, vincristine and taxol which are derived from plants. This review summarizes the anticancer properties of chemical repertoires of plants inhabiting the hot arid regions present in India against various cancer cell lines like HepG2, MCF7, PC3, HT116 etc. The mechanism of action of flavonoids in the induction of apoptosis through suppression/promotion of various factors including Ras-ERK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways and genes mainly such as Bax, Bcl-2, p53 involved in the proliferation of cancer cells play emphatically in combating the extent of the disease by promoting apoptosis in cancer cells. The insight about the reported mechanisms will open further avenues of the anticancer potential of novel secondary metabolites.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42003989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-12DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220512205625
Mritunjay Kumar, Swati Verma, R. Malviya, Sonali Sundram, Akanksha Sharma, N. Mishra
Synthetic drug usage has risen substantially, although plant-based medicines are more appropriate in terms of adverse effects. Through the classical era, humans relied on Phyto moieties to cure several illnesses, the most common of which is curcumin, the main phenol derived from the various varieties of turmeric. Its therapeutic and medicinal qualities are described in the Vedic Scriptures and Chinese medicine. Curcumin has been widely researched for its pleiotropic action, which includes anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. The manuscript aims to describe the sources, properties, and pharmacological activities of curcumin. Turmeric is grown in entire India and curcumin is a major phytoconstituent of turmeric. It has pharmacological activities like antioxidant, analgesic, anticarcinogenic, chemo-preventive, anti-inflammatory, chemo-therapeutic, antifungal, antibacterial, antitumor, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, antiapoptotic, and immunomodulatory activities. Curcumin has been recommended in various research to have anticancer effects on several biochemical pathways associated with metastatic disease, cell cycle regulation, and so on. It can be concluded from the findings of the pieces of literature that curcumin is an important phytoconstituent and has the potential to treat various biological disorders. Curcumin’s anti-tumor efficacy is the most prominent research activity being carried by the researchers world-wide. In the present review, the authors have summarized the important pharmacological activities of curcumin and the mechanism of action involved to forecast the pharmacotherapeutic effect like for anticancer effect (suppression of NF-KB, intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, PKC inhibition and many more), for anti-viral effect (Interfering Genomic Replication, Inhibiting Virus attachment, Activation of cellular signaling Pathways, etc.), for Anti-diabetic (AMPK activation, Decreased liver fat deposition, etc.), for neuroprotective effect (Increased p-Akt and p-mToR levels, Reducing p-p338, LC-II/LC-I, p-38 levels, etc.) and for other activities also like antibacterial, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant.
{"title":"Exploration of Curcumin against various Biological Disorders: Mechanism of Action and Pharmacotherapeutics","authors":"Mritunjay Kumar, Swati Verma, R. Malviya, Sonali Sundram, Akanksha Sharma, N. Mishra","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220512205625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220512205625","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Synthetic drug usage has risen substantially, although plant-based medicines are more appropriate in terms of adverse effects. Through the classical era, humans relied on Phyto moieties to cure several illnesses, the most common of which is curcumin, the main phenol derived from the various varieties of turmeric. Its therapeutic and medicinal qualities are described in the Vedic Scriptures and Chinese medicine. Curcumin has been widely researched for its pleiotropic action, which includes anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. The manuscript aims to describe the sources, properties, and pharmacological activities of curcumin. Turmeric is grown in entire India and curcumin is a major phytoconstituent of turmeric. It has pharmacological activities like antioxidant, analgesic, anticarcinogenic, chemo-preventive, anti-inflammatory, chemo-therapeutic, antifungal, antibacterial, antitumor, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, antiapoptotic, and immunomodulatory activities. Curcumin has been recommended in various research to have anticancer effects on several biochemical pathways associated with metastatic disease, cell cycle regulation, and so on. It can be concluded from the findings of the pieces of literature that curcumin is an important phytoconstituent and has the potential to treat various biological disorders. Curcumin’s anti-tumor efficacy is the most prominent research activity being carried by the researchers world-wide. In the present review, the authors have summarized the important pharmacological activities of curcumin and the mechanism of action involved to forecast the pharmacotherapeutic effect like for anticancer effect (suppression of NF-KB, intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, PKC inhibition and many more), for anti-viral effect (Interfering Genomic Replication, Inhibiting Virus attachment, Activation of cellular signaling Pathways, etc.), for Anti-diabetic (AMPK activation, Decreased liver fat deposition, etc.), for neuroprotective effect (Increased p-Akt and p-mToR levels, Reducing p-p338, LC-II/LC-I, p-38 levels, etc.) and for other activities also like antibacterial, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42233159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-12DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220512203341
Fong Tyng Chee, S. N. Chin, Fui Fui Lem
Hypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which are on the rise throughout the world at an alarming rate. As a result, a variety of techniques to help in the prevention and control of hypertension have been tried, one of which is the use of natural medicines derived from medicinal plants. The relevance of plant-based medicine is now recognised by western countries, as seen by Canada's Natural Health Product Regulations, which were promulgated in January 2004. The Southeast Asian rainforests, notably in East Malaysia, are home to a diverse range of medicinal plant species with endless potential as pharmacological candidates, particularly as antihypertensive agents. The indigenous ethnic groups of East Malaysia have long utilised a broad variety of medicinal plant species to treat hypertension, thanks to their extensive usage of traditional remedies and in-depth understanding of ethnomedicine, which are fundamental elements of their culture. However, scientific understanding of ethnomedicines used to treat hypertension, particularly the processes underlying their antihypertensive action, is inadequate. Based on previous scientific studies, this review aims to address the antihypertensive effects of medicinal plants used by indigenous ethnic groups in East Malaysia, Sabah, in order to provide insights into the mechanisms of the plants' antihypertensive activity for the development of antihypertensive agents from these native plants.
{"title":"A Mini Review of Underutilized Native Plants from East Malaysia’s Rainforests as Potential Hypertensive Drugs","authors":"Fong Tyng Chee, S. N. Chin, Fui Fui Lem","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220512203341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220512203341","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Hypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which are on the rise throughout the world at an alarming rate. As a result, a variety of techniques to help in the prevention and control of hypertension have been tried, one of which is the use of natural medicines derived from medicinal plants. The relevance of plant-based medicine is now recognised by western countries, as seen by Canada's Natural Health Product Regulations, which were promulgated in January 2004. The Southeast Asian rainforests, notably in East Malaysia, are home to a diverse range of medicinal plant species with endless potential as pharmacological candidates, particularly as antihypertensive agents. The indigenous ethnic groups of East Malaysia have long utilised a broad variety of medicinal plant species to treat hypertension, thanks to their extensive usage of traditional remedies and in-depth understanding of ethnomedicine, which are fundamental elements of their culture. However, scientific understanding of ethnomedicines used to treat hypertension, particularly the processes underlying their antihypertensive action, is inadequate. Based on previous scientific studies, this review aims to address the antihypertensive effects of medicinal plants used by indigenous ethnic groups in East Malaysia, Sabah, in order to provide insights into the mechanisms of the plants' antihypertensive activity for the development of antihypertensive agents from these native plants.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42314550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-12DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220512212448
S. Stoeva, Maya Radeva-Ilieva, I. Zhelev, K. Georgiev
The pharmacological characterization of Bancha green tea requires a preliminary establishment of its phytochemical composition. The aim of the present study was to develop a simple, sensitive, and environmentally friendly HPLC-UV procedure for the simultaneous quantification of caffeine, (+)-catechin, epigallocatechin gallate and gallic acid in different Bancha green tea isolates. The chromatographic separation of the four phytochemicals was performed on a Hypersil GOLD aQ column with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/acetic acid/bi-distilled water (8:1:91 v/v/v), in an isocratic mode of elution. The suitability of the proposed procedure was verified by achieved satisfying linearity and specificity. The method was also assessed as accurate and precise, with the obtained limits of quantification of caffeine, (+)-catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, and gallic acid of 0.01, 0.30, 0.50 and 0.03 μg/mL, respectively. As it was expected, the analytical procedure approbation showed the highest epigallocatechin gallate content (16.78 % ± 0.54) in the catechin fraction. On the other hand, the amount of caffeine and epigallocatechin gallate in the total plant extract was almost the same (4.19 % ± 0.14 and 4.12 % ± 0.44, respectively). A reliable HPLC-UV method for phytochemical characterisation of Bancha green tea extracts has been developed. The conducted quantitate assay could be used as a basis for subsequent pharmacological in vivo and in vitro studies of Bancha green tea.
{"title":"A HPLC-UV METHOD FOR ANALYSIS OF TOTAL PLANT EXTRACT AND CATECHIN FRACTION OF BANCHA GREEN TEA","authors":"S. Stoeva, Maya Radeva-Ilieva, I. Zhelev, K. Georgiev","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220512212448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220512212448","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The pharmacological characterization of Bancha green tea requires a preliminary establishment of its phytochemical composition.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The aim of the present study was to develop a simple, sensitive, and environmentally friendly HPLC-UV procedure for the simultaneous quantification of caffeine, (+)-catechin, epigallocatechin gallate and gallic acid in different Bancha green tea isolates.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The chromatographic separation of the four phytochemicals was performed on a Hypersil GOLD aQ column with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/acetic acid/bi-distilled water (8:1:91 v/v/v), in an isocratic mode of elution. The suitability of the proposed procedure was verified by achieved satisfying linearity and specificity.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The method was also assessed as accurate and precise, with the obtained limits of quantification of caffeine, (+)-catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, and gallic acid of 0.01, 0.30, 0.50 and 0.03 μg/mL, respectively. As it was expected, the analytical procedure approbation showed the highest epigallocatechin gallate content (16.78 % ± 0.54) in the catechin fraction. On the other hand, the amount of caffeine and epigallocatechin gallate in the total plant extract was almost the same (4.19 % ± 0.14 and 4.12 % ± 0.44, respectively).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A reliable HPLC-UV method for phytochemical characterisation of Bancha green tea extracts has been developed. The conducted quantitate assay could be used as a basis for subsequent pharmacological in vivo and in vitro studies of Bancha green tea.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49402271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-12DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220512190918
Ramdhan G, B. D. V. R. N.
A well-known traditional herb Aerva lanata is widely used in India for the management of different ailments including urolithiasis. In the current research, flowers of Aerva lanata were chosen for isolation of active constituents and screened for antiangiogenic and anticancer potentials, as literature supports those flowers have highest quantity of natural constituents when compared with the other parts of the plant. Hydroalcoholic (80%-water, 20%-alcohol) extract of Aerva Lanata flowers was prepared. Antiangiogenic activity was screened by chick chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM) (in vivo) and sponge implantation method (SIM) (in vivo). Anti-cancer potency was screened by cell migration (in vitro), tube formation assay (in vitro) and cell proliferation assay (in vitro). The results of test groups were matched up to control group by applying one-way ANOVA, followed by a post hoc and Dunnett’s test. In CAM assay method significant branching points and angiogenic score was obtained at 10-5 M and 10-4 M. Considerable decline was observed in sponge weight, formation of blood vessels and hemoglobin content (Hb)at various concentrations of hydroalcoholic extract of Aerva Lanata flower (HAL) in SIM. The study on human umbilical vein endothelial cells displayed major inhibition of proliferation along with reduction in network length of cord-alike tubes in a dosage-dependent pattern. Aerva lanata has shown potent antiangiogenic and anticancer effect in a dose dependent manner.
{"title":"Antiangiogenic Activity of Aerva Lanata Flowers: In vitro and In vivo evaluation","authors":"Ramdhan G, B. D. V. R. N.","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220512190918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220512190918","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000A well-known traditional herb Aerva lanata is widely used in India for the management of different ailments including urolithiasis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In the current research, flowers of Aerva lanata were chosen for isolation of active constituents and screened for antiangiogenic and anticancer potentials, as literature supports those flowers have highest quantity of natural constituents when compared with the other parts of the plant.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Hydroalcoholic (80%-water, 20%-alcohol) extract of Aerva Lanata flowers was prepared. Antiangiogenic activity was screened by chick chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM) (in vivo) and sponge implantation method (SIM) (in vivo). Anti-cancer potency was screened by cell migration (in vitro), tube formation assay (in vitro) and cell proliferation assay (in vitro).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results of test groups were matched up to control group by applying one-way ANOVA, followed by a post hoc and Dunnett’s test. In CAM assay method significant branching points and angiogenic score was obtained at 10-5 M and 10-4 M. Considerable decline was observed in sponge weight, formation of blood vessels and hemoglobin content (Hb)at various concentrations of hydroalcoholic extract of Aerva Lanata flower (HAL) in SIM. The study on human umbilical vein endothelial cells displayed major inhibition of proliferation along with reduction in network length of cord-alike tubes in a dosage-dependent pattern.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Aerva lanata has shown potent antiangiogenic and anticancer effect in a dose dependent manner.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42801243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-09DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220509115912
S. Sissi, L. Dra, S. Ouhaddou, Ouhammou Ahmed, M. Larhsini, M. Markouk
Background: Equisetum ramosissimum is a pteridophyte plant used in Moroccan traditional medicine for its diuretic and antidiabetic properties. The species is known to reduce blood cholesterol level and given in cases of gonorrhea. Objective: The present work aimed to explore the potential use of the crude butanolic (BuOH) and methanolic (MeOH) extracts of E. ramosissimum in the management of pain, inflammation and oxidative stress and their chemical characterization. Method: The phytochemical investigation on E. ramosissimum was initially done by colorimetric methods followed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectroscopy (HPLC-MS). Antioxidant activity evaluated using radical scavenging activity on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), reducing power and β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching assays. Analgesic activity was evaluated by acetic-acid in mice and hot-plate-test in rat models. Rate-paw-edema and ear-edema was used as anti-inflammatory models. Results: The chemical quantification revealed appreciable levels of phenolic compounds. The results of HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS highlighted the presence of Kaempferol3-O-sophoroside7-O-glucoside, Kaempferol3,7-O-diglucoside, Vanillin, Ferulic acid and Tannic acid. The maximum IC50 was obtained for BE by DPPH test (0.064±0.0004mg/mL). BE exhibited an interesting antinociceptive effect; inhibition of writhes: 3.83±0.48 at 600mg/kg, increased the latency period on the hot-plate-test 14.98S±0.57S at 400mg/kg after 120min. Furthermore, the results report a significant inhibition of rate-paw-edema and ear-edema, for both extracts at dose 400mg/kg. Conclusion: E. ramosissimum BE and ME contain an important amount of flavonoids especially derivatives of Kaempferol, which can explain the interesting effectiveness properties. Possible applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries are suggested.
{"title":"In vitro antioxidant potential and in vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Moroccan Equisetum ramosissimum","authors":"S. Sissi, L. Dra, S. Ouhaddou, Ouhammou Ahmed, M. Larhsini, M. Markouk","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220509115912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220509115912","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Background: Equisetum ramosissimum is a pteridophyte plant used in Moroccan traditional medicine for its diuretic and antidiabetic properties. The species is known to reduce blood cholesterol level and given in cases of gonorrhea. \u0000\u0000Objective: The present work aimed to explore the potential use of the crude butanolic (BuOH) and methanolic (MeOH) extracts of E. ramosissimum in the management of pain, inflammation and oxidative stress and their chemical characterization.\u0000\u0000Method: The phytochemical investigation on E. ramosissimum was initially done by colorimetric methods followed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectroscopy (HPLC-MS). Antioxidant activity evaluated using radical scavenging activity on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), reducing power and β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching assays. Analgesic activity was evaluated by acetic-acid in mice and hot-plate-test in rat models. Rate-paw-edema and ear-edema was used as anti-inflammatory models.\u0000\u0000Results: The chemical quantification revealed appreciable levels of phenolic compounds. The results of HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS highlighted the presence of Kaempferol3-O-sophoroside7-O-glucoside, Kaempferol3,7-O-diglucoside, Vanillin, Ferulic acid and Tannic acid. The maximum IC50 was obtained for BE by DPPH test (0.064±0.0004mg/mL). BE exhibited an interesting antinociceptive effect; inhibition of writhes: 3.83±0.48 at 600mg/kg, increased the latency period on the hot-plate-test 14.98S±0.57S at 400mg/kg after 120min. Furthermore, the results report a significant inhibition of rate-paw-edema and ear-edema, for both extracts at dose 400mg/kg. \u0000\u0000Conclusion: E. ramosissimum BE and ME contain an important amount of flavonoids especially derivatives of Kaempferol, which can explain the interesting effectiveness properties. Possible applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries are suggested.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42248625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-09DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220509114733
E. L. Kamto, B. P. Kamdem
Background: There has been increasing interest in the research on flavonoids from plant sources because of their versatile effects reported in various biological studies. The bioavailability, metabolism, and biological activity of flavonoids depend on the configuration, total number of hydroxyl groups, and substitution of functional groups about their nuclear structure. Plant organs are the main dietary source of flavonoids for humans, and have been used as a remedy in traditional medicine. Some examples include Millettia plants which have been reported to contain several flavonoids with pharmacological activity against multifactorial diseases. Aim of the study: The present study summarizes an up-to-date and comprehensive information on the pharmacological activity of flavonoids from plants of the genus Millettia. Methods: The literature information was obtained from published and unpublished materials (theses, dissertations, and textbooks), retrieved from databases, such as Science Direct, SciFinder, PubMed (National Library of Medicine), Scopus, Wiley, American Chemical Society, Springer, and Web of Science. Results: Plants from the genus Millettia contain more than 400 different flavonoids, among which approximately 100 flavonoids were pharmacologically active upon in vitro or in vivo studies. These flavonoids exhibited antioxidant, antiprotozoal, anti-inflammatory, anticancer activities, among others. Conclusion: Flavonoids from Millettia plants were reported to exhibit in vitro antioxidant, antiprotozoal, anti-inflammatory, anticancer activities, etc. These compounds can be used as a starting point for the development of new agents against multifactorial diseases. However, more in vivo experiments, cytotoxicity tests, and detailed mechanism of action of Millettia bioactive flavonoids should be investigated.
背景：人们对植物来源黄酮类化合物的研究越来越感兴趣，因为它们在各种生物学研究中都有广泛的作用。黄酮类化合物的生物利用度、代谢和生物活性取决于其核结构上羟基的构型、总数和官能团的取代。植物器官是人体黄酮类化合物的主要膳食来源，在传统医学中被用作一种药物。一些例子包括Millettia植物，据报道其含有几种具有抗多因素疾病药理活性的黄酮类化合物。研究目的：本研究综述了小米属植物黄酮类化合物的药理活性的最新和全面的信息。方法：文献信息来源于已发表和未发表的材料（论文、学位论文和教科书），检索自Science Direct、SciFinder、PubMed（国家医学图书馆）、Scopus、Wiley、美国化学学会、Springer和Web of Science等数据库。结果：小米属植物含有400多种不同的黄酮类化合物，其中约100种黄酮类化合物在体外或体内研究中具有药理活性。这些黄酮类化合物具有抗氧化、抗原生动物、抗炎、抗癌等活性。结论：小米属植物黄酮类化合物具有体外抗氧化、抗原生动物、抗炎、抗癌等活性，可作为开发抗多种疾病新药的起点。然而，还需要对小米生物活性黄酮的体内实验、细胞毒性测试和详细的作用机制进行研究。
{"title":"Pharmacological activity and mechanism of action of flavonoids from diverse Millettia plant organs","authors":"E. L. Kamto, B. P. Kamdem","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220509114733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220509114733","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Background: There has been increasing interest in the research on flavonoids from plant sources because of their versatile effects reported in various biological studies. The bioavailability, metabolism, and biological activity of flavonoids depend on the configuration, total number of hydroxyl groups, and substitution of functional groups about their nuclear structure. Plant organs are the main dietary source of flavonoids for humans, and have been used as a remedy in traditional medicine. Some examples include Millettia plants which have been reported to contain several flavonoids with pharmacological activity against multifactorial diseases. \u0000\u0000Aim of the study: The present study summarizes an up-to-date and comprehensive information on the pharmacological activity of flavonoids from plants of the genus Millettia. \u0000\u0000Methods: The literature information was obtained from published and unpublished materials (theses, dissertations, and textbooks), retrieved from databases, such as Science Direct, SciFinder, PubMed (National Library of Medicine), Scopus, Wiley, American Chemical Society, Springer, and Web of Science. \u0000\u0000Results: Plants from the genus Millettia contain more than 400 different flavonoids, among which approximately 100 flavonoids were pharmacologically active upon in vitro or in vivo studies. These flavonoids exhibited antioxidant, antiprotozoal, anti-inflammatory, anticancer activities, among others. \u0000\u0000Conclusion: Flavonoids from Millettia plants were reported to exhibit in vitro antioxidant, antiprotozoal, anti-inflammatory, anticancer activities, etc. These compounds can be used as a starting point for the development of new agents against multifactorial diseases. However, more in vivo experiments, cytotoxicity tests, and detailed mechanism of action of Millettia bioactive flavonoids should be investigated.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48052281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-09DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220509111439
B. Godhi, Narasimha M. Beeraka, J. Hp, Sumana Mn, S. Madhunapantula
Background: Natural products are rapidly gaining popularity in the medical sector for curing several diseases. The biomedical application of natural products in treating a wide range of systemic diseases including oral diseases has been reported. Previous studies delineated the importance of propolis of foreign origin as a significant pharmacological agent such as antimicrobial, antifungal, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory. For instance, prominent clinical reports concluded an enhanced quality of life with the use of propolis in cancer patients with mucositis, whereas an adverse effect was invoked after radiotherapy or chemotherapy. These reports delineated its efficacy as a safe and therapeutic natural product modality in cancer patients to prevent mucositis. However, there are no reports to delineate whether the isolated chemical extracts or constitutions of Indian propolis can exhibit disease curing efficacy against several systemic and oral microbial diseases. Objective: The current review emphasized the origin, and properties of Indian propolis and the diverse bio-pharmacological applications of its different solvent extracts. Material and Methods: Studies on Indian propolis, its “phyto-constituents,” “pharmacology,” in vitro activity on “oral pathogens”, and its application in dentistry searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases up to December 2020. Results: The search identified 72 records; 21 full-text articles which met the eligibility criteria were assessed and studied. Conclusion: The antimicrobial efficacy of this “nontoxic” resinous material in various bio dental pharmacologies with recent clinical and preclinical reports was delineated which benefits medical doctors, dentists, and researchers to execute further research.
{"title":"Updates in the Analytical Isolation of Indian Propolis Chemical Constituents, and their Role in Dental Pharmacology - A Review","authors":"B. Godhi, Narasimha M. Beeraka, J. Hp, Sumana Mn, S. Madhunapantula","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220509111439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220509111439","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Background: Natural products are rapidly gaining popularity in the medical sector for curing several diseases. The biomedical application of natural products in treating a wide range of systemic diseases including oral diseases has been reported. Previous studies delineated the importance of propolis of foreign origin as a significant pharmacological agent such as antimicrobial, antifungal, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory. For instance, prominent clinical reports concluded an enhanced quality of life with the use of propolis in cancer patients with mucositis, whereas an adverse effect was invoked after radiotherapy or chemotherapy. These reports delineated its efficacy as a safe and therapeutic natural product modality in cancer patients to prevent mucositis. However, there are no reports to delineate whether the isolated chemical extracts or constitutions of Indian propolis can exhibit disease curing efficacy against several systemic and oral microbial diseases.\u0000\u0000 Objective: The current review emphasized the origin, and properties of Indian propolis and the diverse bio-pharmacological applications of its different solvent extracts. \u0000\u0000Material and Methods: Studies on Indian propolis, its “phyto-constituents,” “pharmacology,” in vitro activity on “oral pathogens”, and its application in dentistry searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases up to December 2020. \u0000\u0000Results: The search identified 72 records; 21 full-text articles which met the eligibility criteria were assessed and studied.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The antimicrobial efficacy of this “nontoxic” resinous material in various bio dental pharmacologies with recent clinical and preclinical reports was delineated which benefits medical doctors, dentists, and researchers to execute further research.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48176451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-29DOI: 10.2174/2210315512666220429110704
Anitha Nagarajan, Doss Va
The abnormal enlargement or thickening of the heart muscle leads to diminishment of ventricular wall tension which helps to keep up the outstanding task at hand in terms of capacity and effectiveness. There are two kinds of hypertrophy: physiological and pathological. Initially, what evolves as an adaptive reaction, advances to heart failure. Different cellular signaling pathways control each type of hypertrophy. Peppermint - Mentha x piperita, a hybrid of Mentha spicata and Mentha aquatica belongs to the family of Lamiaceae. The peppermint oil has high menthol content and has many useful targets in cardiovascular disorders, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, etc., The objective of this review article is to investigate the antihypertrophic activity of Mentha x piperita which is not yet established For manuscript preparation, we had used all accessible international databases, traditional books (Regular books in English), and electronic resources (Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer, Wiley, etc.,), unpublished data (thesis, R&D reports, and dissertations). Menthol may activate Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M (melastatin) member 8 (TRMP8) channels resulting in increased cytosolic calcium concentration and vasorelaxation activity. Menthol is known to stimulate the elevation of TRPM8 protein in the endothelium, Vascular Smooth Muscle (VSM), and vascular afferent nerve strands, while obstructing VSM L-type Calcium Channels (LCC), contributing to both the cardiovascular and vasoactive properties of peppermint. In vivo experiments proved that glucagon plays a significant role in the preventive effect of menthol (as TRPM8 modulator) against a high-fat diet (HFD) induced weight gain and related complications. Due to the efficacy of Menthol (Mentha x piperita) in its cardioprotective properties, understanding the actual mechanisms related to the efficacy of Menthol on CVD can be the subject of future studies.
心肌的异常增大或增厚导致心室壁张力减弱，这有助于在能力和有效性方面保持手头的突出任务。肥大有两种：生理性和病理性。最初，作为一种适应性反应发展为心力衰竭。不同的细胞信号通路控制每种类型的肥大。薄荷薄荷，薄荷和水薄荷的杂交种，属于唇形科。薄荷油具有高薄荷醇含量，在高血压、冠心病等心血管疾病中有许多有用的靶点。本文的目的是研究尚未建立的薄荷的抗高血压活性。为了编写手稿，我们使用了所有可访问的国际数据库，传统书籍（英文普通书籍）和电子资源（Google Scholar、PubMed、Science Direct、Springer、Wiley等）、未发表的数据（论文、研发报告和学位论文）。薄荷醇可激活瞬时受体电位阳离子通道亚家族M（美司他汀）成员8（TRMP8）通道，导致胞浆钙浓度和血管舒张活性增加。众所周知，薄荷醇可刺激内皮、血管平滑肌（VSM）和血管传入神经链中TRPM8蛋白的升高，同时阻断VSM L型钙通道（LCC），有助于薄荷的心血管和血管活性特性。体内实验证明，胰高血糖素在薄荷醇（作为TRPM8调节剂）对高脂肪饮食（HFD）诱导的体重增加和相关并发症的预防作用中发挥着重要作用。由于薄荷醇（Mentha x piperita）具有心脏保护特性，了解薄荷醇治疗心血管疾病的实际机制可能是未来研究的主题。
{"title":"Antihypertrophic Effect of Menthol from Mentha x piperita - Cardiac Hypertrophy Review","authors":"Anitha Nagarajan, Doss Va","doi":"10.2174/2210315512666220429110704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210315512666220429110704","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The abnormal enlargement or thickening of the heart muscle leads to diminishment of ventricular wall tension which helps to keep up the outstanding task at hand in terms of capacity and effectiveness. There are two kinds of hypertrophy: physiological and pathological. Initially, what evolves as an adaptive reaction, advances to heart failure. Different cellular signaling pathways control each type of hypertrophy. Peppermint - Mentha x piperita, a hybrid of Mentha spicata and Mentha aquatica belongs to the family of Lamiaceae. The peppermint oil has high menthol content and has many useful targets in cardiovascular disorders, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, etc.,\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The objective of this review article is to investigate the antihypertrophic activity of Mentha x piperita which is not yet established\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000For manuscript preparation, we had used all accessible international databases, traditional books (Regular books in English), and electronic resources (Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer, Wiley, etc.,), unpublished data (thesis, R&D reports, and dissertations).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Menthol may activate Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M (melastatin) member 8 (TRMP8) channels resulting in increased cytosolic calcium concentration and vasorelaxation activity. Menthol is known to stimulate the elevation of TRPM8 protein in the endothelium, Vascular Smooth Muscle (VSM), and vascular afferent nerve strands, while obstructing VSM L-type Calcium Channels (LCC), contributing to both the cardiovascular and vasoactive properties of peppermint. In vivo experiments proved that glucagon plays a significant role in the preventive effect of menthol (as TRPM8 modulator) against a high-fat diet (HFD) induced weight gain and related complications.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Due to the efficacy of Menthol (Mentha x piperita) in its cardioprotective properties, understanding the actual mechanisms related to the efficacy of Menthol on CVD can be the subject of future studies.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56153,"journal":{"name":"Natural Products Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47124754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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