Geriatric Nursing最新文献

Background: Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is one of the major complications after a stroke. Therefore, it is necessary to identify different categories of cognitive function in older adults with stroke and to explore factors associated with different levels of cognitive function in older adults after stroke.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using convenience sampling to collect data from 1076 older adults with stroke from 5 hospitals in Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, China, from June 2022 to August 2023. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was used to identify cognitive function subgroups among older adults with stroke, and multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors.

Results: 1076 older adults with stroke were identified and classified as class-1: cognitive impairment, class-2: mild cognitive impairment, class-3: normal cognitive function. Age, gender, education level, hemorrhagic stroke, cerebrovascular disease are associated with different levels of cognitive function in older adults after stroke.

Conclusions: These findings highlight the heterogeneity of cognitive function in older adults with stroke. Our research could assist healthcare professionals in China to identify older adults with a high risk of cognitive impairment and to develop individualized interventions based on their characteristics.

Mechanical irritation during skincare poses a risk of causing skin barrier dysfunction in older patients. Adequate skin assessment is thus required before skincare; however, no validated assessment method exists. This study developed a nomogram to predict skin barrier dysfunction induced by mechanical irritation during skincare in Japanese older patients using a subset of a randomized controlled trial dataset. The volar forearms of 149 older patients (≥65 years) underwent a mechanical irritation test. Skin barrier dysfunction was defined based on transepidermal water loss before and after the test. Candidate variables were obtained from medical records and skin assessments. We found that 26.2 % of older patients experienced skin barrier dysfunction. The nomogram, comprising chronic kidney disease, purpura, dry skin, activities of daily living, and body mass index, demonstrated satisfactory discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility. This tool serves as an innovative and validated method for skin assessment, offering the potential to prevent skin disorders and deliver tailored, high-quality skincare.

This qualitative study aimed to explore attitudes toward physical activity behaviors in the context of dementia caregiving among Asian Indian, Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese American family caregivers of persons living with dementia. We used qualitative data from verbatim transcripts of current caregivers (N = 21) from focus groups and individual interviews. Ethnically or linguistically matched moderators facilitated focus groups and interviews in four languages. Finalized themes included: (1) Physical activity and exercise are different.; (2) Exercise has many benefits.; (3) Health issues and stress from caregiving demotivate engaging in regular exercise.; (4) Prioritizing and planning exercises are necessary; and (5) Social support is essential to engage in physical activity. Caregiving limits the type of exercise some can do, depending on care recipients' conditions. Efforts to help caregivers prioritize exercise and seek social support from others, including healthcare professionals, would be greatly needed to promote physical activity among this population.

Objective: To examine chronic disease patterns and analyze the interrelations among Basic Activities of Daily Living, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, anxiety, and depression in older adults.

Methods: A total of 3,454 participants diagnosed with at least one chronic disease were included. Latent class analysis and network analysis were employed to analyze the data.

Results: Four chronic disease patterns were identified: "Cardiopulmonary Health with Few Comorbidities," "Cardiovascular with Few Comorbidities," "Cardiovascular with Multiple Comorbidities," and "Respiratory with Few Comorbidities". "Indoor transferring" was identified as a central symptom, while "bathing" as a bridging one across the four chronic disease pattern networks.

Conclusion: Basic Activities of Daily Living symptoms emerged as central and bridging symptoms within the networks of functional and psychological disorders across diverse chronic disease patterns. Future research should further investigate interventions targeting these symptoms to assess their potential for enhancing overall network health among older adults.

Introduction: Dance is recognised as a safe, effective, and enjoyable means to boost physical, mental, and cognitive health in older adults. Detailed content of dance programmes for this age group is sparsely described.

Aims: This study provides a comprehensive description and evaluation of a Creative Dance Programme for older adults.

Method: The dance programme, described in detail in our study, was analysed with three quantitative (i.e., gait, balance and executive function tests) and one qualitative (i.e., interviews) pilot studies to gain insights into health effects of the programme.

Results: Creative dance increased participants walking speed in both the single (t(13) = 6.65, p < 0.001) and dual-task conditions (t(13) = 5.51, p < 0.001) and reduced participants' dual-task costs of walking (t(13) = -2.24, p = 0.043). Moreover, participants reported that they felt energised after the sessions and more confident in daily activities.

Conclusion: Our research highlights that creative dance programmes can have a positive effect on the dual task costs of walking and movement adaptability in daily life of older adults.

The purpose of this study was to use the Theory of Planned Behavior to predict older adults' intentions and related factors of getting COVID-19 booster vaccinations and compare gender differences. A cross-sectional study was conducted, and 147 adults aged 65 years or older were recruited by convenience sampling in Taiwan. Results revealed that 57.1 % of participants had positive intentions of getting a COVID-19 booster vaccination. Attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control explained 86.0 % of the behavioral intentions of getting a COVID-19 booster vaccination. Perceived behavioral control was the most important factor, followed by attitudes. Differences in intentions of getting the COVID-19 booster vaccination between males and females were not significant. The Theory of Planned Behavior and its main constructs can be appropriately applied to predict intentions to receive COVID-19 booster vaccinations among older adults.

Frailty is common among older adults with chronic pain, and early identification is crucial in preventing adverse outcomes like falls, disability, and dementia. However, effective tools for identifying frailty in this population remain limited. This study aimed to explore frailty risk factors in older adults with chronic pain and to develop 9 machine learning models for frailty identification. The Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) method was used to explain the models. The Random Forest (RF) model performed best with 0.822 accuracy, 0.797 precision, and an AUC of 0.881. The variables in the RF model included: age, BMI, education level, pain duration, number of pain sites, pain level, depression, and Activity of Daily Living (ADL). Pain level, depression, and ADL were the 3 most important variables in the RF model. This model helps healthcare providers to identify frailty early, enabling timely interventions to improve patient outcomes and promote healthy aging.

Objectives: This systematic review aimed to identify and analyze factors associated with financial exploitation in older adults.

Methods: A comprehensive search strategy was implemented in December 2023, across three major databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus), along with Google Scholar as a search engine, without restrictions on publication year. Quality assessment was conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and CONSORT tool.

Results: Among the initial 985 articles identified, 26 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The majority of studies were conducted in the USA and had a cross-sectional design. Key factors identified included cognitive function, depression and emotional health, physical health, social support and interpersonal relationships, living arrangements, race, and personality traits.

Conclusion: This review highlights the complex factors linked to financial exploitation in older adults, with cognitive function, depression, and social support as key predictors. However, inconsistencies in age, marital status, and substance use call for further research. Targeted interventions are essential to reduce the risk of exploitation.

This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram combined with the indicators of the physical fitness test to predict frailty risk in Chinese older adults. We recruited 344 participants from a community in Hebei Province, China. Data were collected on 57 candidate factor variables from sociodemographic factors, lifestyle factors, clinical factors, body composition test, and physical fitness test. Ultimately 6 factor variables were included in this predictive model: age, nutritional risk, hypertension, multimorbidity, depression and 2-Minute step test. The area under the curve (AUC) value in the training set and validation set is 0.866 and 0.854, which indicates that the model has a good ability to discriminate. The results of the H-L test indicate that the model is well calibrated. The calibration curves also indicate a good model fit. The model provides older adults with risk indicators to identify and prevent the onset of frailty as early as possible.