International Journal of Mechanical Sciences最新文献_第4页

Micromechanical properties of assembled 3D graphene nanofoams with atomistic simulation 装配三维石墨烯纳米泡沫的微观力学性能与原子模拟

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111259

Weixiang Peng, Kun Sun, Hortense Le Ferrand

引用次数: 0

Competition of piezo- and flexoelectricity in metamaterials 压电和柔性电在超材料中的竞争

IF 9.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111235

Thuc Pham-Phu, Sergey Kozinov, Daniel Balzani

Flexoelectricity and piezoelectricity provide two distinct pathways for electromechanical coupling: the former originates from strain gradients and is present in all dielectrics, whereas the latter is a linear coupling effect restricted to non-centrosymmetric materials. This paper numerically investigates the combined flexoelectric and piezoelectric behavior of architected microstructures (metamaterials). In metamaterials, geometric features can be tailored to generate pronounced bending and strain gradients even under macroscopically uniform loading. This work investigates metamaterials whose topologies are intentionally designed to amplify strain gradients and thereby activate flexoelectricity at micro- and nanoscales. To study the interplay between flexoelectric and piezoelectric effects, we assign dielectric or piezoelectric material properties to the same architected geometries and employ a mixed finite element formulation that incorporates mechanical strain, strain gradients, electric fields, and their linear and higher-order couplings. In this way, the combined response is realized through the superposition of topology-induced flexoelectricity and intrinsic piezoelectric material coefficients. Verification against existing metamaterial designs demonstrates that our framework accurately reproduces apparent piezoelectricity in centrosymmetric dielectrics. Parametric studies reveal that flexoelectricity dominates at small geometric length scales, while piezoelectricity prevails at larger scales; depending on the architecture, their interaction can either enhance or suppress the net electrical output. These findings provide insight into how geometry and material length scales govern the electromechanical behavior of architected dielectrics and offer guidelines for designing next-generation micro- and nanoscale energy harvesters and sensing devices.

柔性电和压电为机电耦合提供了两种不同的途径：前者源于应变梯度，存在于所有电介质中，而后者是一种线性耦合效应，仅限于非中心对称材料。本文用数值方法研究了结构微结构（超材料）的挠性和压电性。在超材料中，即使在宏观均匀载荷下，几何特征也可以定制以产生明显的弯曲和应变梯度。这项工作研究了超材料，其拓扑结构被有意设计为放大应变梯度，从而在微纳米尺度上激活柔性电。为了研究挠性电和压电效应之间的相互作用，我们将介电或压电材料属性分配到相同的结构几何形状，并采用混合有限元公式，该公式包含机械应变、应变梯度、电场及其线性和高阶耦合。这种组合响应是通过拓扑诱导挠性电和压电材料本征系数的叠加来实现的。对现有超材料设计的验证表明，我们的框架准确地再现了中心对称电介质中的表观压电性。参数研究表明，柔电在较小的几何长度尺度上占优势，而压电在较大的几何长度尺度上占优势；根据结构的不同，它们的相互作用可以增强或抑制净电输出。这些发现提供了几何和材料长度尺度如何控制结构电介质的机电行为的见解，并为设计下一代微纳米级能量收集器和传感设备提供了指导方针。

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引用次数: 0

A stick–slip piezoelectric actuator with low speed fluctuation 一种低转速波动的粘滑压电驱动器

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111257

Dechao Wang, Zhi Xu, Jianfeng Tang, Jianhai Zhang, Yong Hu, Jiru Wang

引用次数: 0

Cation-specific regulation mechanism of ice adhesion via the quasi-liquid layer 准液体层对冰粘附的阳离子特异性调控机制

IF 9.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111255

Yujin Yao , Huaxin Chen , Yongchang Wu , Dongliang Kuang , Wenchang Liu , Yunhao Jiao , Yimin Liu

Ice accumulation on road surfaces poses significant hazards to traffic safety and infrastructure. The mechanism by which salt ions regulate ice adhesion during freezing by altering the structure of water molecules remains poorly understood. This study investigates cation-specific effects on ice adhesion strength (IAS) and the structural evolution of water on asphalt surfaces using experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. At equal mass concentrations, the reduction in IAS among different cations follows the order Li⁺ > Mg²⁺ > Na⁺ > Ca²⁺ > K⁺, indicating that smaller ionic radii and higher charges enhance adhesion suppression. Low-temperature Raman spectroscopy shows that cations disrupt the tetrahedral hydrogen-bond network (DDAA) of water, with the extent of disruption negatively correlated with IAS. The ability to disrupt hydrogen bonds is negatively correlated with IAS. NMR analyses further confirm that strongly hydrated cations (Li⁺, Mg²⁺) promote the formation of immobilized water, representing water molecules within the quasi-liquid layer (QLL) that are constrained but not fully frozen. Moreover, ions strongly inhibit the water–ice phase transition, increasing both the thickness and disorder of the quasi-liquid layer (QLL), as revealed by the Q6 order parameter combined with the CHILL+ algorithm. In the Li⁺ and Mg²⁺ systems, lower diffusion coefficients and higher potentials of mean force (PMF) indicate restricted molecular mobility and hydrogen-bond network rearrangement, resulting in a thicker QLL and weaker ice adhesion. These findings provide fundamental insights into cation-mediated anti-icing mechanisms and offer guidance for the design of effective ion-regulated anti-icing materials for infrastructure.

路面结冰对交通安全和基础设施造成严重危害。在冻结过程中，盐离子通过改变水分子的结构来调节冰的粘附，其机制尚不清楚。本研究通过实验和分子动力学模拟研究了阳离子对沥青表面冰附着强度（IAS）和水的结构演变的特定影响。在相同的质量浓度下，不同阳离子间IAS的还原遵循Li + >； Mg 2 + > Na + > Ca 2 + >； K +的顺序，表明离子半径越小，电荷越高，对粘附抑制作用越强。低温拉曼光谱显示，阳离子破坏了水的四面体氢键网络（DDAA），破坏程度与IAS呈负相关。破坏氢键的能力与IAS呈负相关。核磁共振分析进一步证实，强水合阳离子（Li +、Mg 2 +）促进了固定化水的形成，代表准液体层（QLL）内的水分子受到约束，但没有完全冻结。Q6序参量结合CHILL+算法表明，离子对水-冰相变有较强的抑制作用，增加了准液层（QLL）的厚度和无序度。在Li +和Mg 2 +体系中，较低的扩散系数和较高的平均力势（PMF）表明分子迁移率和氢键网络重排受到限制，导致QLL更厚，冰粘附力更弱。这些发现为阳离子介导的防冰机制提供了基本见解，并为设计有效的基础设施离子调节防冰材料提供了指导。

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引用次数: 0

Theoretical modeling of ultrasound-mediated strong bioadhesion at hydrogel-tissue interface 超声介导的水凝胶-组织界面强生物粘附的理论建模

IF 9.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111260

Zheyu Dong , Zhi Sheng , Siqi Yan , Zihang Shen , Kunqing Yu , Yijie Cai , Zheng Jia

Recently, strong bioadhesion between hydrogels and tissues has emerged as a significant area of investigation in the field of soft materials, biomaterials, and biomedical engineering. Compared to alternative adhesion techniques, bioadhesion facilitated by ultrasound has gained prominence for its simplicity, high efficacy, rapid response, and controllability in establishing a durable hydrogel-tissue interface. Despite a large number of experimental studies and qualitative mechanistic insights, theoretical research in this field remains significantly underdeveloped. This study fills this gap by developing a mechanics model that elucidates for the first time the fundamental mechanism of ultrasound-mediated bioadhesion of the hydrogel-tissue interface. We first develop an ultrasonic cavitation model to describe the formation of a thin bubbly liquid layer (also referred to as the cavitation layer) between the ultrasonic transducer tip and the tissue substrate, alongside the ultrasonic pressure field induced by the ultrasound in the cavitation layer. Subsequently, we establish an ultrasound-driven diffusion-convection-reaction model to capture the migration of anchoring primers (e.g., chitosan) within the cavitation layer as well as the formation of a suturing layer at the tissue surface. Upon the application of hydrogel patch, the anchored primers suture the hydrogel patch to the tissue surface, forming bioadhesion at hydrogel-tissue interface. Finally, we employ a force-induced dissociation model of hydrogel network to characterize the bioadhesion strength between the hydrogel and tissue. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of the theoretical predictions with experimental data on bioadhesion strength under various ultrasound intensity reveals a strong agreement, thus affirming the validity of our theoretical model. We anticipate that our model will provide valuable insights into the design, optimization, and control of bioadhesion processes at the hydrogel-tissue interface.

近年来，水凝胶与组织之间的强生物粘附性已成为软材料、生物材料和生物医学工程领域的一个重要研究领域。与其他粘附技术相比，超声促进的生物粘附以其简单、高效、快速和可控制的特点在建立持久的水凝胶-组织界面方面获得了突出的地位。尽管有大量的实验研究和定性的机制见解，但这一领域的理论研究仍显着不发达。本研究通过建立一个力学模型来填补这一空白，该模型首次阐明了超声介导的水凝胶-组织界面生物粘附的基本机制。我们首先建立了超声空化模型来描述超声换能器尖端与组织基底之间形成的薄泡状液体层（也称为空化层），以及空化层中超声诱导的超声压力场。随后，我们建立了超声驱动的扩散-对流-反应模型，以捕捉锚定引物（如壳聚糖）在空化层内的迁移以及组织表面缝合层的形成。应用水凝胶贴片后，锚定的引物将水凝胶贴片缝合到组织表面，在水凝胶-组织界面形成生物粘附。最后，我们采用水凝胶网络的力诱导解离模型来表征水凝胶与组织之间的生物粘附强度。此外，对不同超声强度下的生物粘附强度的理论预测与实验数据进行了对比分析，结果显示出很强的一致性，从而肯定了我们的理论模型的有效性。我们预计我们的模型将为水凝胶-组织界面的生物粘附过程的设计、优化和控制提供有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Physics-Informed Data-Driven Constitutive Modeling of Compressible, Nonlinear Soft Materials under Multiaxial Cyclic Loading 多轴循环加载下可压缩非线性软材料的物理数据驱动本构建模

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111250

Alireza Ostadrahimi, Amir Teimouri, Kshitiz Upadhyay, Guoqiang Li

引用次数: 0

A phase-field fracture model for flexoelectric structures 柔性电结构的相场断裂模型

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111170

Qiang Yue, Xiaoying Zhuang, Bin Li, Pedro Areias, Krzysztof Kamil Żur, Timon Rabczuk

The distribution and propagation of cracks play a critical role in the design, fabrication, and optimization of high-sensitivity flexoelectric materials. Despite significant progress, the elucidation of the flexoelectric fracture mechanism remains an unresolved and challenging issue. In this study, a novel phase-field model addressing electromechanical fracture in both piezoelectric and flexoelectric materials is developed. Gradient elasticity and flexoelectricity are incorporated into the phase-field theory, with governing equations derived in the framework of thermodynamics. In light of the stress projection and the energetic failure criterion, the unsymmetric electromechanical fracture behavior can be reproduced. Different energy degradation strategies are introduced to account for the energy contributions from strain and strain gradients, enabling the accurate simulation of fractures influenced by flexoelectricity. Compared with conventional fracture models, this model reproduces the flexoelectric crack-tip effect during crack propagation for the first time. We performed numerical simulations of the crack evolution process in various flexoelectric materials and structures. The findings indicate that the gradient and flexoelectric effects can hinder the failure of solids for tensile fracture. Meanwhile, flexoelectricity can promote crack deflection toward the direction of the local electric field around the crack tip. Moreover, crack growth under mechanical loading is consistently accompanied by a continuous increase in the efficiency of energy conversion from mechanical to electrical form. However, excessive crack propagation weakens the capacity for dielectric energy storage in the material. This model not only provides a new perspective for the optimal design of efficient flexoelectric structures, but also offers a new framework for investigating the fracture behavior of electro-mechanical coupling materials with size effects.

裂纹的分布和扩展在高灵敏度柔性电材料的设计、制造和优化中起着至关重要的作用。尽管取得了重大进展，但对挠曲电断裂机制的阐明仍然是一个未解决的和具有挑战性的问题。在本研究中，建立了一种新的相场模型来处理压电和柔性电材料的机电断裂。将梯度弹性和柔性电纳入相场理论，并在热力学框架下推导出控制方程。根据应力投影和能量破坏准则，可以再现非对称的机电断裂行为。引入了不同的能量退化策略，以考虑应变和应变梯度的能量贡献，从而能够准确模拟受柔电影响的裂缝。与传统断裂模型相比，该模型首次再现了裂纹扩展过程中的挠曲电裂纹尖端效应。我们对各种挠性电材料和结构的裂纹演化过程进行了数值模拟。研究结果表明，梯度效应和挠曲电效应会阻碍固体的破坏。同时，挠性电可以促进裂纹向裂纹尖端周围局部电场方向偏转。此外，裂纹在机械载荷下的扩展始终伴随着从机械到电气形式的能量转换效率的不断提高。然而，过度的裂纹扩展会削弱材料的介电储能能力。该模型不仅为高效柔性电结构的优化设计提供了新的视角，而且为研究具有尺寸效应的机电耦合材料的断裂行为提供了新的框架。

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引用次数: 0

A Topology-optimized Ultrastiff Mechanical Metamaterial Exhibiting Stiffness beyond Hashin-Shtrikman Upper Bound 一种刚度超过hhashin - shtrikman上界的拓扑优化超强机械材料

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111248

Manash Jyoti Baishya, Sooraj Vasu, Nelson Muthu, Prasenjit Khanikar

Previously studied lattices generated through topology optimization were mostly strut or curved surface lattices, and their stiffness values lie below the maximum theoretical stiffness limit for cellular solids, i.e., the Hashin-Shtrikman upper (HSU) bound. This study aims to design lattices that have stiffness beyond the HSU bound using topology optimization by employing loading conditions that have not been previously explored. For manufacturing feasibility and ease of finite element meshing, topology-optimized lattice unit cells were modified using computer-aided design software. All four proposed lattices of this study exceeded the HSU bound of the cellular material. Among these, the simple-cubic-octahedral with hollow core (SCO-HC) plate lattice surpassed all other previously studied lattices, including topology-optimized ones, except the stiffest known lattice, i.e., the simple-cubic-octahedral (SCO) plate designed by the authors in a recent study. Interestingly, the SCO-HC lattice exhibited elastic isotropy, which contradicts the long-standing theory that the maximum stiffness achievable by an isotropic lattice is defined by the HSU bound. Another very recently published study also designed an isotropic plate lattice having stiffness beyond the HSU bound but lower than that of the proposed SCO-HC lattice. Quasi-static compression tests were conducted on 3D printed lattices manufactured through a multijet fusion technique to validate the finite element simulations. Remarkably, the specific energy absorption ability of the SCO-HC lattice exceeded the best performing plate lattices for relative densities of 30% and 40%. Thus, the SCO-HC lattice can be considered to have the highest specific energy absorption ability compared to lattices in previous studies.

以往研究的拓扑优化生成的网格多为支杆或曲面网格，其刚度值低于胞状固体的最大理论刚度极限，即HSU上限。本研究旨在通过采用以前未探索过的加载条件，使用拓扑优化设计刚度超过HSU边界的网格。为了制造的可行性和有限元网格划分的便捷性，利用计算机辅助设计软件对拓扑优化的晶格单元进行了修改。本研究提出的所有四个晶格都超过了细胞材料的HSU界。其中，除了作者在最近的研究中设计的最硬的简单立方八面体（SCO）板晶格外，空心核简单立方八面体（SCO- hc）板晶格超越了所有其他已知的晶格，包括拓扑优化的晶格。有趣的是，SCO-HC晶格表现出弹性各向同性，这与长期以来各向同性晶格的最大刚度由HSU界定义的理论相矛盾。最近发表的另一项研究也设计了一种各向同性板晶格，其刚度超过HSU界，但低于所提出的SCO-HC晶格。采用多射流融合技术对3D打印网格进行了准静态压缩试验，验证了有限元模拟结果。值得注意的是，在相对密度为30%和40%时，SCO-HC晶格的比能吸收能力超过了表现最佳的板晶格。因此，与以往研究的晶格相比，SCO-HC晶格可以认为具有最高的比能吸收能力。

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引用次数: 0

Springback behavior of metal sheets during reciprocating bending 金属板在往复弯曲过程中的回弹行为

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111243

Shaocong Qi, Gaochao Yu, Liu Yang, Guoyi Shen, Nan Wu, Qingdang Meng, Jun Zhao

Reciprocating bending deformation frequently occurs during the forming and straightening of metal profiles, tubes, and sheets. This process involves continuously varying deformation paths and mechanical properties, accompanied by pronounced tensile–compressive asymmetry, which poses a significant challenge for accurate springback prediction. In this study, a weighted chord modulus (WCM) is introduced to characterize the asymmetric degradation of tensile and compressive chord moduli under cyclic tension–compression loading. A springback prediction model is established by incorporating the strain-path evolution, stress inheritance, Bauschinger effect, nonlinear hardening, and asymmetric tensile–compressive chord moduli. Reciprocating bending experiments are performed on 304 stainless steel (SS304) and ST12 cold-rolled steel (ST12) sheets with different initial curvatures. The results show that the tensile chord modulus (TCM) exceeds the compressive chord modulus (CCM) during cyclic loading, and that the traditional tensile–unloading–reloading tests capture only the degradation behavior of the TCM. The proposed WCM significantly improves the prediction accuracy of springback in reciprocating bending, with the springback-radius error remaining below 3% for both materials after six cycles. Reciprocating bending also eliminates the differences in the curvature distributions and mechanical properties of the sheets. The rate of curvature convergence is governed by the ratio of plastic to elastic modulus, with larger ratios requiring more bending cycles. This study provides theoretical guidance for analyzing and optimizing straightening and roundness-calibration processes in metal-profile manufacturing.

在金属型材、管材和板材的成形和矫直过程中，经常发生往复弯曲变形。这一过程涉及不断变化的变形路径和力学性能，伴随着明显的拉压不对称，这对准确的回弹预测提出了重大挑战。在本研究中，引入加权弦模量（WCM）来表征循环拉压加载下拉伸和压缩弦模量的不对称退化。结合应变路径演化、应力继承、包辛格效应、非线性硬化和非对称拉压弦模量建立了回弹预测模型。对不同初始曲率的304不锈钢（SS304）和ST12冷轧钢（ST12）板材进行往复弯曲实验。结果表明，在循环加载过程中，拉伸弦模量（TCM）超过压缩弦模量（CCM），传统的拉伸-卸载-再加载试验只捕捉了TCM的退化行为。所提出的WCM显著提高了往复弯曲回弹预测精度，6次循环后两种材料的回弹半径误差均保持在3%以下。往复弯曲还消除了板材的曲率分布和机械性能的差异。曲率收敛速率由塑性模量与弹性模量的比值决定，较大的比值要求更多的弯曲循环。该研究为金属型材加工中矫直和圆度校正工艺的分析和优化提供了理论指导。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic analysis of fiber oscillators under fractional-order time-delay PD control 分数阶时延PD控制下光纤振荡器的动态分析

IF 9.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111239

Xinlei Fang , Jianglin Liu , Jiaquan Xie , Ting Wu , Xiaoxiang Zhang , Yuqin Xue , Jianguo Liang

Flexible filament fibers are widely used in the manufacturing of high-performance composites via multi-filament carbon fiber winding equipment. However, under high-speed operation and multiple external excitations, these filaments are prone to transverse vibrations, which can adversely affect product quality, equipment stability, and operational safety. To address this issue, a novel nonlinear coupled dynamic model with 24 flexible fiber oscillators is established, and a fractional-order time-delay proportional-derivative (FOPD) control strategy is proposed for vibration suppression and stability regulation. The multi-scales method is employed to analyze the primary-superharmonic coupled resonance of the system, and stability conditions are derived using Lyapunov theory. Subsequently, the resonance characteristics and amplitude gain of the system under time-delay control and without time-delay control are investigated using the fast-slow variable separation method. Additionally, chaotic motions associated with homoclinic and heteroclinic bifurcations are predicted using the Melnikov method. Comprehensive simulations are conducted to systematically characterize the resonance responses, global bifurcation characteristics, multi-stable behavior, chaotic transitions, and safe basin evolution of the system under different parameter conditions. Simulation results indicate that the proposed fractional-order time-delay PD controller can effectively suppress system vibration and exhibits good robustness against parameter perturbations. The results demonstrate that system parameters have a significant influence on the dynamic behavior and that appropriate parameter regulation can effectively suppress unstable and chaotic responses, thereby enhancing the operational stability of the equipment.

柔性长丝纤维通过多长丝碳纤维缠绕设备广泛应用于高性能复合材料的制造。然而，在高速运行和多重外部激励下，这些灯丝容易产生横向振动，从而影响产品质量、设备稳定性和运行安全。针对这一问题，建立了包含24个柔性光纤振荡器的非线性耦合动力学模型，提出了分数阶时滞比例导数（FOPD）控制策略，实现了振动抑制和稳定性调节。采用多尺度方法分析了系统的一次-超谐波耦合共振，并利用李雅普诺夫理论推导了系统的稳定性条件。随后，采用快-慢变量分离方法研究了系统在时滞控制和非时滞控制下的谐振特性和振幅增益。此外，使用Melnikov方法预测了与同斜和异斜分岔相关的混沌运动。通过综合模拟，系统表征了不同参数条件下系统的共振响应、全局分岔特性、多稳定行为、混沌过渡和安全盆地演化。仿真结果表明，所提出的分数阶时滞PD控制器能有效抑制系统振动，并对参数扰动具有良好的鲁棒性。结果表明，系统参数对系统的动态行为有显著影响，适当的参数调节可以有效抑制不稳定和混沌响应，从而提高设备的运行稳定性。

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引用次数: 0