International Journal of Mechanical Sciences最新文献_第5页

Modelling plastic impacts between microparticles and substrates with mismatched material properties 模拟微粒与材料特性不匹配的基材之间的塑性影响

IF 9.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111252

Yang Liu , Christopher A. Schuh

There are many well-validated models for the coefficient of restitution (CoR) for plastic rebound behavior of microparticles impacted against a flat substrate. Most elastoplastic models focus on cases where all plasticity occurs on one side of the impact or the other (flattening of the particle, or indentation of the substrate, individually). Impact events involving mismatched material properties between microparticles and substrates remain underexplored and yet are of prime importance for many applications. This paper investigates the frictionless impact between an elastoplastic sphere and an elastoplastic flat with mismatched material properties. Using the finite element method (FEM), a set of CoR models for normal impacts is developed based on FEM results across more than 400 material combinations. The findings reveal that in the elastoplastic regime, the CoR model is not affected by impact scenarios (flattening, indentation, or a combination of both elastoplastic cases). However, in the fully plastic regime, both the yield strength and Young's modulus of the two contact bodies play a significant role in the CoR. The resulting semi-empirical model of impact behavior in complex material systems enables more accurate predictions of CoR for a broader range of practical applications.

对于微粒在平面基底上的塑性回弹行为，有许多经过验证的恢复系数模型。大多数弹塑性模型关注的是所有塑性都发生在冲击的一侧或另一侧的情况（颗粒变平或基材压痕）。涉及微粒和衬底之间材料特性不匹配的冲击事件仍未得到充分探索，但对许多应用至关重要。本文研究了材料性能不匹配的弹塑性球与弹塑性平板之间的无摩擦碰撞。采用有限元方法，基于400多种材料组合的有限元结果，建立了一套正常冲击的CoR模型。研究结果表明，在弹塑性状态下，CoR模型不受冲击情景（变平、压痕或两种弹塑性情况的组合）的影响。然而，在全塑性状态下，两个接触体的屈服强度和杨氏模量在CoR中都起着重要作用。由此得出的复杂材料系统中冲击行为的半经验模型能够更准确地预测CoR，以实现更广泛的实际应用。

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引用次数: 0

Restoring deformability while preserving the microstructure of deformed 316L stainless steel via electropulsing 电脉冲恢复变形316L不锈钢的变形能力，同时保持其微观组织

IF 9.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111246

Yang Yang , Haochun Duan , Chao Tang , Binghan Huang , Xiao Jia , Han Ding , Chang Ye , Jian Wang

Severe plastic deformation of metallic materials refines grains but also generates a high density of crystal defects, enhancing strength at the expense of ductility. Conventional annealing restores ductility at high temperatures for long durations, which often cause undesirable grain coarsening and solute segregation. Recent studies indicate that electric current distribute unevenly in heterogeneous microstructures, creating localized hotspots that may trigger defect annihilation. This study introduces a novel experimental strategy that highlights the athermal effects of current on defect evolution and systematically compares defect elimination and microstructural evolution in severely deformed 316L steel subjected to furnace heating, continuous current (CC), and low-frequency pulsed current (PC) treatments. High-density defects were introduced by uniaxial tension at room temperature, and all subsequent treatments were conducted under comparable macroscopic conditions. Defect recovery was evaluated through microhardness tests, while dislocation density, grain boundaries, and textures were characterized using X-ray diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction. Results show that PC treatment more effectively promotes recrystallization and accelerates defect annihilation than furnace and CC treatments, with all methods producing recrystallization textures under sufficient thermal exposure. Notably, high-peak, short-duration PC treatment leads to a pronounced reduction in defect density within seconds while preserving deformation-induced fine grains and textures due to the transient localized heating. This work demonstrates a rapid, efficient heat treatment strategy for restoring deformability while retaining microstructural features, offering valuable guidance for advanced forming and post-processing in engineering applications.

金属材料剧烈的塑性变形使晶粒细化，但也会产生高密度的晶体缺陷，以牺牲延展性为代价提高强度。传统的退火在高温下恢复长时间的延展性，这通常会导致不良的晶粒粗化和溶质偏析。最近的研究表明，电流在非均匀微结构中分布不均匀，产生局部热点，可能引发缺陷湮灭。本研究引入了一种新的实验策略，强调了电流对缺陷演变的非热效应，并系统地比较了在炉加热、连续电流（CC）和低频脉冲电流（PC）处理下严重变形的316L钢的缺陷消除和显微组织演变。室温下单轴拉伸引入高密度缺陷，所有后续处理均在可比宏观条件下进行。通过显微硬度测试评估缺陷恢复，同时使用x射线衍射和电子背散射衍射表征位错密度、晶界和织构。结果表明，PC处理比炉处理和CC处理更有效地促进了再结晶，加速了缺陷湮灭，在充分的热暴露下，所有方法都能产生再结晶织构。值得注意的是，高峰、短时间的PC处理在几秒钟内显著降低了缺陷密度，同时保留了由于瞬态局部加热而引起的变形引起的细晶粒和织构。这项工作展示了一种快速、有效的热处理策略，可以在保持微观结构特征的同时恢复可变形性，为工程应用中的高级成形和后处理提供有价值的指导。

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引用次数: 0

Milling dynamics for smart machining: A latent force model 面向智能加工的铣削动力学：潜在力模型

IF 9.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111266

Kunpeng Zhu , Shenshen Li , Hongcheng Liu , Yungao Shi

In smart machining, the milling force, as a direct reflection of the tool-workpiece interaction, is the key to understanding machining mechanisms, evaluating cutting states, and controlling the machining process. Current modeling methods, i.e., physics-based and data-driven approaches, either suffer from limited prediction accuracy or lack physical consistency, severely limiting intelligent development. To address these difficulties, this study innovatively proposes a milling dynamics modeling method based on a latent force model. This approach achieves a mechanism-data fusion at the level of model structure, providing a novel solution for precise milling force prediction under complex working conditions. Specifically, the state evolution of the coupled machine-tool-workpiece system is represented using a state-space model. During inference, the corresponding state equation is imposed as an explicit dynamic constraint to ensure physical consistency. The cutting excitation is treated as an external input to the system and is assigned a Gaussian process prior. The covariance function is designed according to the structural characteristics of the excitation signal. In this way, machining-relevant physical knowledge is incorporated in a statistical manner, enabling physically consistent modeling of milling forces. Furthermore, an autoencoder network is employed to identify the hyperparameters of the model, thereby reducing its computational complexity while maintaining its physical consistency. A series of milling experiments is conducted for validation. The results demonstrate that the proposed method reduces the prediction error by 44.4% and 14.4% compared with the physics-based model and the data-driven model, respectively.

在智能加工中，铣削力作为刀-工件相互作用的直接反映，是理解加工机理、评价切削状态和控制加工过程的关键。目前的建模方法，即基于物理和数据驱动的方法，要么预测精度有限，要么缺乏物理一致性，严重限制了智能的发展。为了解决这些问题，本研究创新性地提出了一种基于潜在力模型的铣削动力学建模方法。该方法在模型结构层面实现了机构与数据的融合，为复杂工况下铣削力的精确预测提供了新的解决方案。具体地说，机床-工件耦合系统的状态演化用状态空间模型表示。在推理过程中，施加相应的状态方程作为显式的动态约束，以保证物理一致性。切割激励被视为系统的外部输入，并被分配一个高斯过程先验。根据激励信号的结构特点设计了协方差函数。通过这种方式，与加工相关的物理知识以统计方式结合在一起，从而实现铣削力的物理一致建模。此外，采用自编码器网络来识别模型的超参数，从而在保持模型物理一致性的同时降低了模型的计算复杂度。进行了一系列的铣削实验验证。结果表明，与基于物理模型和数据驱动模型相比，该方法的预测误差分别降低了44.4%和14.4%。

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引用次数: 0

Inverse Multi-Objective Design of Three-Dimensional Plate-Based Heterogeneous Mechanical Metamaterials 三维板基非均质机械超材料的逆多目标设计

IF 7.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111253

Ramin Yousefi-Nooraie, Nima Razavi, Filippo Berto, Mario Guagliano, Sara Bagherifard

引用次数: 0

Magnetomechanical model for contact damage based on magnetic memory 基于磁记忆的接触损伤磁力学模型

IF 9.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111258

Daluan Wang, Jiawei Wang, Kai Yao

Contact damage is widespread in the field of mechanical engineering, which seriously threatens the bearing capacity of the structures. Metal Magnetic Memory (MMM) testing technology, as a new non-destructive testing technique, can evaluate early material damage. However, traditional magnetomechanical models are inadequate for characterizing the magnetization behavior of ferromagnetic materials under contact stress. To overcome this limitation, we propose a magnetization mechanism based on contact damage and a corresponding magnetomechanical model. This model establishes the mechanical model of the contact zone through the modified Hertz contact criterion, introduces an approach coefficient to correct the approach law, and constructs the magnetization model of the contact zone with stress work as the link. Different from traditional magnetomechanical models, it fundamentally explains the magnetization mechanism of isotropic materials under contact stress. Numerical simulations carried out based on this model can accurately describe the spatial magnetic flux leakage (MFL) induced by contact stress, and the numerical simulation results are highly consistent with the experimental results, verifying the correctness of the proposed model. Meanwhile, the peak-valley value of the tangential component and the peak-to-peak spacing of the normal component of the magnetic signals from both results are extracted as magnetic characteristic parameters. By establishing the relationship between these two magnetic characteristic parameters and the contact zone, it is found that they can characterize the damage degree and damage range of the contact zone. This model is anticipated to realize the quantitative research on contact damage in mechanical systems.

接触损伤是机械工程领域普遍存在的问题，严重威胁着结构的承载能力。金属磁记忆检测技术作为一种新型的无损检测技术，可以对材料的早期损伤进行评估。然而，传统的磁力学模型不足以描述铁磁材料在接触应力作用下的磁化行为。为了克服这一限制，我们提出了一种基于接触损伤的磁化机制和相应的磁力学模型。该模型通过修正的赫兹接触准则建立了接触区力学模型，引入接近系数对接近规律进行修正，构建了以应力功为纽带的接触区磁化模型。与传统的磁力学模型不同，它从根本上解释了各向同性材料在接触应力作用下的磁化机理。基于该模型进行的数值模拟能够较准确地描述接触应力引起的空间漏磁，数值模拟结果与实验结果高度吻合，验证了所提模型的正确性。同时，提取两种结果的磁信号切向分量的峰谷值和法向分量的峰峰间距作为磁特征参数。通过建立这两个磁特性参数与接触区之间的关系，发现它们可以表征接触区的损伤程度和损伤范围。该模型有望实现机械系统接触损伤的定量化研究。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced mechanical properties of spider web-inspired re-entrant honeycombs 受蜘蛛网启发的可重返蜂巢的增强机械性能

IF 9.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111262

Lumin Shen , Tiansheng Li , Hui Xu , Jianfeng Zeng , Zhigao Xiang , Yiwen Feng , Mingcan Bai , Jiaqi Yu , Tuo Ye

To overcome the limitations of re-entrant honeycombs (RH) in terms of specific stiffness, specific energy absorption (SEA), and deformation stability, a novel spider web-inspired re-entrant honeycomb (SRH) based on a hierarchical design with embedded self-similar units is proposed. The key novelty lies in the biomimetic integration of spider web-like hierarchical nesting and inter-nodal interconnection into the re-entrant topology, which introduces enhanced structural redundancy and constraints. Through a combined approach of theoretical modeling, numerical simulation, and experimental validation, the mechanical properties of the SRH are systematically evaluated. Results demonstrate that, at identical relative densities, the SRH achieves remarkable improvements over the RH. For instance, with a hierarchical factor of 0.2 and identical geometric parameters (θ = 45°, h = 30 mm, l = 15 mm), the specific stiffness of the SRH is 492.3% higher than that of the RH, while at λ = 0.15 and θ = 65°, the SEA increases by 128.6% under low-velocity impacts. Moreover, the SRH exhibits a stable bilateral concave deformation mode under quasi-static compression, in contrast to the unstable unilateral collapse observed in the RH. This work presents an innovative design strategy for developing advanced auxetic metamaterials, thereby opening up potential applications in fields such as aerospace, automotive engineering, and personal protective equipment.

为了克服重入式蜂窝在比刚度、比能量吸收和变形稳定性方面的局限性，提出了一种基于嵌入自相似单元的分层设计的蜘蛛网式重入式蜂窝。关键的新颖之处在于将类似蜘蛛网的分层嵌套和节点间互连仿生地集成到可重入拓扑中，从而引入了增强的结构冗余和约束。通过理论建模、数值模拟和实验验证相结合的方法，系统地评估了SRH的力学性能。结果表明，在相同的相对密度下，SRH比RH取得了显著的改进。当分层系数为0.2，几何参数相同（θ = 45°，h = 30 mm, l = 15 mm）时，SRH的比刚度比RH高492.3%；当λ = 0.15, θ = 65°时，低速冲击下的SEA比RH高128.6%。此外，在准静态压缩下，SRH表现出稳定的双侧凹变形模式，而RH则表现出不稳定的单边坍塌。这项工作提出了一种创新的设计策略来开发先进的消声超材料，从而在航空航天、汽车工程和个人防护装备等领域开辟了潜在的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Axially crashworthiness of multi-celled tubes reinforced with corner elements 加角构件加固多胞管的轴向耐撞性

IF 9.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111261

Liang Wang , Peng Liu , Naihao Gong , Qingliang Zeng , Zhaoji Li , Dong Ruan

Thin-walled multi-celled tubes with various configurations have been extensively employed in the application of energy-absorbing equipment due to their excellent mechanical properties. Based on the non-dimensional parameters (R_G, R_T and ω) proposed by the authors and their co-workers, the crashworthiness of thin-walled tubes increases monotonically with the magnitudes of ω, which is determined by

\sqrt{R_{T}} / R_{G}

. Increasing R_T or decreasing R_G improves ω and the crashworthiness of tubes. This study aims to obtain higher the magnitudes of ω by introducing corner elements within the cross-section of multi-celled tubes to increase R_T, while maintain a constant R_G, a parameter related to the total side length of the tube’s cross-section. The crushing behaviours of a corner element with two panels is firstly investigated using finite element models. Subsequently, four corner elements are introduced by placing them at either the central or peripheral region of a square multi-celled tube. The crashworthiness of such multi-celled tubes reinforced with corner elements (MTRCs) is systematically investigated through axial compressive tests, numerical simulations and theoretical analyses. The results manifest that the MTRCs exhibit superior performance in terms of the load-bearing capacity, energy absorption and fluctuations of crushing force. Moreover, the angle of corner elements is a critical parameter that has a significant impact on the crashworthiness of the MTRCs. By adopting the R_G, R_T and ω, the theoretical models for the MCF of all the MTRCs proposed are derived. Among all the tubes proposed, MTRC-P2 has the largest ω, which is 7.45, resulting in the highest mean crushing force (MCF), and its MCF (61.35 kN) is 63% and 31% higher than that of the conventional square tube and multi-celled square tube, respectively. Furthermore, compared with other typical multi-celled tubes, MTRC-P2 has a 2% to 48% improvement in the specific energy absorption (SEA) compared to these tubes.

多种结构的薄壁多胞管由于其优异的力学性能，在吸能设备中得到了广泛的应用。基于作者和同事提出的无量纲参数（RG、RT和ω），薄壁管的耐撞性随ω的大小单调增加，ω的大小由RT/RG决定。增大RG或减小RG均可改善管的ω和耐撞性。本研究的目的是通过在多胞管截面内引入角元来增加RT，同时保持与管截面总边长相关的参数RG不变，从而获得更高的ω值。首先用有限元模型研究了双面板角单元的破碎行为。随后，通过将四个角元素放置在方形多胞管的中心或外围区域来引入角元素。通过轴压试验、数值模拟和理论分析等方法，系统地研究了角单元加筋多胞管的耐撞性。结果表明，MTRCs在承载能力、能量吸收和破碎力波动方面表现出优越的性能。其中，转角元件的角度是影响轨道交通耐撞性的关键参数。通过采用RG、RT和ω，推导出了所有提出的地铁轨道交通MCF的理论模型。其中MTRC-P2的ω值最大，为7.45，平均破碎力（MCF）最高，MCF值为61.35 kN，分别比常规方管和多孔方管高63%和31%。此外，与其他典型的多细胞管相比，MTRC-P2在比能量吸收（SEA）方面提高了2%至48%。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanical evaluation of interlayer slip in microscale van der Waals-layered materials 微尺度范德华层状材料层间滑移的力学评价

IF 9.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111267

Wataru Matsunaga, Shiyu Oga, Hiroyuki Hirakata

A mechanical evaluation method for determining the interlayer shear strength of van der Waals (vdW)-layered materials is proposed, based on a stepped cantilever bending test. A stepped notch induces interlayer slip at a single, well-defined location. Microscale MoTe₂ specimens were prepared in three orientations (armchair, zigzag, and 13° off-armchair), and repeated bending tests were performed. Finite element analysis (FEA) complemented the experiments, with the slip interface represented by a cohesive zone model and the remaining material treated as a transversely isotropic linear elastic solid. Interlayer shear strength was quantitatively evaluated by comparing the experimental load–displacement data with FEA predictions. For the armchair orientation, the interlayer shear strength was in the range of 47–54 MPa, independent of specimen size, demonstrating a size-independent intrinsic strength parameter. The zigzag direction exhibited comparable strength (51 ± 4 MPa), while the 13° off-armchair specimen was slightly lower (35 ± 5 MPa). Unlike previous methods relying on averaged shear stress, this approach directly evaluates local interlayer shear stress at a single slip plane. The method provides a precise framework for quantifying the interlayer shear properties of vdW-layered materials and offers critical insights for understanding and modeling their deformation behavior. This quantitative framework is expected to support strain engineering and the mechanical design of vdW-layered materials, including flexible devices, by enabling reliable prediction of nonlinear deformation behavior.

提出了一种基于阶梯悬臂弯曲试验的范德华层状材料层间抗剪强度的力学评价方法。阶梯式缺口在单一的、明确的位置引起层间滑移。在扶手椅、之字形和离扶手椅13°三个方向制备微尺度MoTe₂试样，并进行反复弯曲试验。有限元分析（FEA）对实验进行了补充，将滑移界面用内聚区模型表示，将剩余材料视为横向各向同性线弹性固体。通过将试验荷载-位移数据与有限元预测结果进行对比，定量评价了层间抗剪强度。在扶手椅方向下，层间抗剪强度范围为47 ~ 54 MPa，与试件尺寸无关，具有不受尺寸影响的固有强度参数。锯齿形方向强度为51±4 MPa，离扶手椅13°方向强度略低，为35±5 MPa。与以往依赖于平均剪应力的方法不同，该方法直接在单个滑移面上评估局部层间剪应力。该方法为量化vdw层状材料的层间剪切特性提供了一个精确的框架，并为理解和模拟其变形行为提供了重要的见解。该定量框架有望通过实现非线性变形行为的可靠预测，支持应变工程和vdw层状材料（包括柔性器件）的机械设计。

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引用次数: 0

Graded-stiffness sequential-folding origami metastructures with prescribable force-displacement curves 具有规定力-位移曲线的梯度刚度顺序折叠折纸元结构

IF 9.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111256

Xianghong He , Qingyang Chen , Jun Cheng , Gary J. Cheng , Xinghong Zhang , Yang Li

Mechanical metamaterials enable the creation of tailored nonlinear mechanical properties, such as nonlinear force-displacement relationships, critical for applications in energy absorption and vibration isolation. Traditional designs, however, suffer from strain-hardening behavior due to the minimum energy gradient principle, where softer layers deform first, limiting the achievement of complex nonlinear responses like multi-stage strain-softening. In this study, we propose an innovative solution by introducing graded stiffness into the progressive folding process of origami-inspired concave tubes (SFOM), where deformation sequences are governed by folding compatibility, not material stiffness. This breakthrough allows for the arbitrary design of force-displacement curves and expands the design space for nonlinear responses. Through a combination of theoretical modeling, numerical simulations, and parametric studies, an inverse design framework was developed and experimentally validated. Such a SFOM concept is extended to honeycomb and composite structures, demonstrating low-load uniformity, high energy absorption, and arbitrarily designable nonlinear response. Finally, the potential application of such designs in flattening the overall force–displacement curve in a multi-component energy-absorbing system is illustrated.

机械超材料能够创建定制的非线性机械特性，例如非线性力-位移关系，这对于能量吸收和隔振的应用至关重要。然而，由于最小能量梯度原理，传统设计存在应变硬化行为，其中较软层首先变形，限制了多级应变软化等复杂非线性响应的实现。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种创新的解决方案，将梯度刚度引入到折纸启发凹管（sfm）的渐进折叠过程中，其中变形序列由折叠相容性而不是材料刚度控制。这一突破使力-位移曲线的任意设计成为可能，并扩大了非线性响应的设计空间。通过理论建模、数值模拟和参数化研究相结合，建立了一个反设计框架，并进行了实验验证。这种som概念扩展到蜂窝和复合材料结构，表现出低载荷均匀性，高能量吸收和任意设计的非线性响应。最后，说明了这种设计在多分量吸能系统中使整体力-位移曲线变平的潜在应用。

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引用次数: 0

Competition of piezo- and flexoelectricity in metamaterials 压电和柔性电在超材料中的竞争

IF 9.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2026.111235

Thuc Pham-Phu, Sergey Kozinov, Daniel Balzani

Flexoelectricity and piezoelectricity provide two distinct pathways for electromechanical coupling: the former originates from strain gradients and is present in all dielectrics, whereas the latter is a linear coupling effect restricted to non-centrosymmetric materials. This paper numerically investigates the combined flexoelectric and piezoelectric behavior of architected microstructures (metamaterials). In metamaterials, geometric features can be tailored to generate pronounced bending and strain gradients even under macroscopically uniform loading. This work investigates metamaterials whose topologies are intentionally designed to amplify strain gradients and thereby activate flexoelectricity at micro- and nanoscales. To study the interplay between flexoelectric and piezoelectric effects, we assign dielectric or piezoelectric material properties to the same architected geometries and employ a mixed finite element formulation that incorporates mechanical strain, strain gradients, electric fields, and their linear and higher-order couplings. In this way, the combined response is realized through the superposition of topology-induced flexoelectricity and intrinsic piezoelectric material coefficients. Verification against existing metamaterial designs demonstrates that our framework accurately reproduces apparent piezoelectricity in centrosymmetric dielectrics. Parametric studies reveal that flexoelectricity dominates at small geometric length scales, while piezoelectricity prevails at larger scales; depending on the architecture, their interaction can either enhance or suppress the net electrical output. These findings provide insight into how geometry and material length scales govern the electromechanical behavior of architected dielectrics and offer guidelines for designing next-generation micro- and nanoscale energy harvesters and sensing devices.

柔性电和压电为机电耦合提供了两种不同的途径：前者源于应变梯度，存在于所有电介质中，而后者是一种线性耦合效应，仅限于非中心对称材料。本文用数值方法研究了结构微结构（超材料）的挠性和压电性。在超材料中，即使在宏观均匀载荷下，几何特征也可以定制以产生明显的弯曲和应变梯度。这项工作研究了超材料，其拓扑结构被有意设计为放大应变梯度，从而在微纳米尺度上激活柔性电。为了研究挠性电和压电效应之间的相互作用，我们将介电或压电材料属性分配到相同的结构几何形状，并采用混合有限元公式，该公式包含机械应变、应变梯度、电场及其线性和高阶耦合。这种组合响应是通过拓扑诱导挠性电和压电材料本征系数的叠加来实现的。对现有超材料设计的验证表明，我们的框架准确地再现了中心对称电介质中的表观压电性。参数研究表明，柔电在较小的几何长度尺度上占优势，而压电在较大的几何长度尺度上占优势；根据结构的不同，它们的相互作用可以增强或抑制净电输出。这些发现提供了几何和材料长度尺度如何控制结构电介质的机电行为的见解，并为设计下一代微纳米级能量收集器和传感设备提供了指导方针。

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引用次数: 0