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Practical Floating Capacitance Multiplier Implementation with Commercially Available IC LT1228s 用市售集成电路lt1228实现实用浮动电容倍增器
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2021-05-14 DOI: 10.33180/INFMIDEM2021.106
Natchanai Roongmuanpha, W. Tangsrirat
A practical realization of a tunable floating capacitance multiplier using commercially available integrated circuits, namely LT1228 is proposed.  The synthetic capacitor utilizes only two IC LT1228s along with two passive components (one resistor and one capacitor).  The capacitance multiplication factor is electronically controllable through the transconductance gain of the LT1228.  The effects of non-ideal transfer gains and parasitic elements of the LT1228 on the circuit performance have been evaluated in detail.  The applicability of the proposed floating capacitance multiplier as a second-order band-pass filter is also presented.  The claimed theory is verified by several PSPICE simulations and experimental test results.
提出了一种利用市售集成电路LT1228实现可调谐浮动电容倍增器的方法。合成电容器仅利用两个集成电路lt1228以及两个无源元件(一个电阻和一个电容器)。电容倍增系数可通过LT1228的跨导增益进行电子控制。详细分析了LT1228的非理想转移增益和寄生元件对电路性能的影响。提出了浮动电容乘法器作为二阶带通滤波器的适用性。该理论已通过PSPICE仿真和实验测试结果得到验证。
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引用次数: 3
Performance Analysis of Dispersion Compensation Schemes with Delay Line Filter 延迟线滤波器色散补偿方案的性能分析
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2021-01-27 DOI: 10.33180/INFMIDEM2020.406
Kasthuri Palanichamy, Prakash Poornachari, M. Ganeshmadhan
Optical communication is an effective system to achieve the high-speed data transmission for long distance. The main factor that affects the optical communication is dispersion. Dispersion leads to reduction of the system performance and Q-factor. Dispersion can be compensated using various techniques. Major techniques are compensation using Dispersion Compensating Fiber (DCF), Fiber grating technique, and Delay Line Filter (DLF). Analysis has been performed on the Bit Error Rate and Q factor of various schemes based on Eye Opening Penalty (EOP) with BER analyzer for dispersion compensation.
光通信是实现远距离高速数据传输的有效系统。色散是影响光通信性能的主要因素。色散导致系统性能和q因子的降低。色散可以用各种技术来补偿。主要的补偿技术有色散补偿光纤(DCF)、光纤光栅技术和延迟线滤波器(DLF)。分析了基于睁眼惩罚(EOP)和误码率分析仪进行色散补偿的各种方案的误码率和Q因子。
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引用次数: 5
Design of a Low Power and High-Efficiency Charge Pump Circuit for RFID Transponder EEPROM RFID转发器EEPROM低功耗高效充电泵电路设计
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2021-01-27 DOI: 10.33180/INFMIDEM2020.403
L. F. Rahman, L. Alam, M. Marufuzzaman
Charge pump (CP) circuit is an essential part of a radio frequency identification electrically-erasable-programmable-read-only memory (RFID-EEPROM). A CP circuit generates boosted output voltage than the power supply voltage. However, the performance of the diode configured CP circuits is strongly affected by the extra power dissipation and the parasitic capacitance. The parasitic capacitors of the CP circuit are also responsible for consuming more power. In this research, an improved CP circuit is designed for achieving higher output voltage gain by reducing the parasitic capacitances. Moreover, the proposed circuit is consumed lower power, which made it more suitable for low power applications like RFID transponder. The proposed CP circuit is using the internal boosted voltage for backward control where active controls are applied to the charge transfer switch (CTS) to eradicate the reverse charge sharing trends. Simulated results showed that by using 1 pF pumping capacitor to drive the capacitive output load, the proposed circuit generates 9.56 V under 1.2 V power supply. In comparison with other research, works this CP circuit is consumed much lower power only 15.26 µW, which is lower than previous research works. Moreover, the proposed CTS CP circuit can produce a higher efficiency of 79.3%, which is found higher compared to other research works. Thus, the proposed design will be an essential module for low power applications like RFID transponder EEPROM.
电荷泵电路是射频识别电可擦可编程只读存储器(RFID-EEPROM)的重要组成部分。CP电路产生比电源电压更高的输出电压。然而,二极管配置的CP电路的性能受到额外功耗和寄生电容的强烈影响。寄生电容的CP电路也负责消耗更多的功率。本研究设计了一种改进的CP电路,通过减小寄生电容来获得更高的输出电压增益。此外,所提出的电路功耗较低,这使得它更适合低功耗应用,如RFID应答器。所提出的CP电路使用内部升压进行反向控制,其中主动控制应用于电荷转移开关(CTS)以消除反向电荷共享趋势。仿真结果表明,采用1pf的泵浦电容驱动电容输出负载,在1.2 V的电源下产生9.56 V的输出电压。与其他研究工作相比,该CP电路的功耗低得多,仅为15.26µW,低于以往的研究工作。此外,所提出的CTS CP电路的效率高达79.3%,与其他研究成果相比有所提高。因此,所提出的设计将成为低功耗应用(如RFID转发器EEPROM)的基本模块。
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引用次数: 3
Multiband Stepped Antenna for Wireless Communication Applications 用于无线通信的多波段阶梯天线
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2021-01-27 DOI: 10.33180/INFMIDEM2020.405
A. Chaabane, O. Mahri, Djelloul Aissaoui, N. Guebgoub
In this paper, a novel design of a coplanar waveguide fed (CPW) triple-band antenna is introduced. An ultra-wideband (UWB) characteristic is achieved by the initial design through the cut of a stepped shape from the lower part of the initial radiating patch and through the use of a truncated ground plane. A transition from the UWB to multiband function is assured by etching a simple ring inside the radiating patch. The antenna is printed on the low-cost FR4-substrate having a compact size of 0.162λ0×0.123λ0×0.008λ0 at 1.57 GHz. The design and the analysis of the antenna were done using the commercially software CST Microwave StudioTM while the fabricated prototype was tested and measured by using a R&S®ZNB Vector Network Analyzer. The measurements show that the fabricated prototype resonates between 1.57-2.33 GHz (38.97%), 5.84-6.41 GHz (9.31%), and 7.93-10.88 GHz (31.37%). Besides, the proposed antenna has consistent measured radiation patterns characteristics and it also reveals an acceptable realized gain and a high efficiency over the working ranges. Hence, the designed antenna can be a good candidate for many wireless communication systems.
本文介绍了一种新型共面波导馈电(CPW)三波段天线的设计。超宽带(UWB)特性通过初始设计通过从初始辐射贴片的下部切割阶梯式形状并通过使用截断的地平面来实现。通过在辐射贴片内蚀刻一个简单的环,可以确保从超宽带到多波段功能的过渡。该天线印刷在低成本的fr4基板上,尺寸紧凑,为0.162λ0×0.123λ0×0.008λ0,频率为1.57 GHz。天线的设计和分析使用商用软件CST Microwave StudioTM完成,而制造的原型则使用R&S®ZNB矢量网络分析仪进行测试和测量。测量结果表明,所制备的样机谐振频率在1.57 ~ 2.33 GHz(38.97%)、5.84 ~ 6.41 GHz(9.31%)和7.93 ~ 10.88 GHz(31.37%)之间。此外,该天线具有一致的测量辐射方向图特性,并且在工作范围内具有可接受的实现增益和较高的效率。因此,所设计的天线可以成为许多无线通信系统的良好候选者。
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引用次数: 7
Voltage Differencing Transconductance Amplifier based Ultra-Low Power, Universal Filters and Oscillators using 32 nm Carbon Nanotube Field Eff ect Transistor Technology 超低功耗跨导压差放大器、32纳米碳纳米管场效应晶体管通用滤波器和振荡器
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2021-01-27 DOI: 10.33180/INFMIDEM2020.401
Islombek Mamatov
Carbon nanotube field effect transistor (CNTFET) is strong candidate to replace existing silicon based transistors. The ballistic transport of electrons in CNTFET channel leads to ultra-low power or high frequency devices. Since, lot of digital applications of CNCTFET were presented.  However, much less work was done in analog applications of CNTFETs. This paper presents analog applications of CNTFET and CNTFET implementation of voltage differencing transconductance amplifier (VDTA). The CNTFET VDTA based filters and oscillators were proposed. The VDTA circuits are   resistorless and  can be tuned electronically only  by changing transconductance.  The proposed CNTFET VDTA  show power consumption of 15000 times less than compared to 0.18um TSMC technology and significant reduction in chip area. All simulations were performed using HSPICE and  MATLAB simulation tools.
碳纳米管场效应晶体管(CNTFET)是取代现有硅基晶体管的有力候选器件。电子在CNTFET通道中的弹道输运导致超低功率或高频器件的产生。因此,介绍了CNCTFET的许多数字化应用。然而,在cntfet的模拟应用中所做的工作要少得多。本文介绍了CNTFET的模拟应用和CNTFET在差分跨导放大器(VDTA)中的实现。提出了基于CNTFET VDTA的滤波器和振荡器。VDTA电路是无电阻的,可以通过改变跨导来进行电子调谐。提出的CNTFET VDTA显示功耗比0.18um台积电技术低15000倍,芯片面积显着减少。所有仿真均使用HSPICE和MATLAB仿真工具进行。
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引用次数: 1
Concurrent Dual-Band Inverter-Based Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) for WLAN Applications 用于WLAN应用的基于并发双频逆变器的低噪声放大器
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2021-01-27 DOI: 10.33180/INFMIDEM2020.404
Abolfazl Bijari, Hossein Khosravi, M. Ebrahimipour
low noise amplifier (LNA); concurrent; dual-band; inverter-basedIn this paper, a two-stage concurrent dual-band low noise amplifier (DB-LNA) operating at 2.4/5.2-GHz is presented for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applications. The current-reused structure using resistive shunt-shunt feedback is employed to reduce power dissipation and achieve a wide frequency band from DC to-5.5-GHz in the inverter-based LNA. The second inverter-based stage is employed to increase the gain and obtain a flat gain over the frequency band. An LC network is also inserted at the proposed circuit output to shape the dual-band frequency response. The proposed concurrent DB-LNA is designed by RF-TSMC 0.18-µm CMOS technology, which consumes 10.8 mW from a power supply of 1.5 V. The simulation results show that the proposed DB-LNA achieves a direct power gain (S 21 ) of 13.7/14.1 dB, a noise figure (NF) of 4.2/4.6 dB, and an input return loss (S 11 ) of −12.9/−14.6 dBm at the 2.4/5.2-GHz bands.
低噪声放大器;并发的;双频;本文提出了一种工作频率为2.4/5.2 ghz的两级并发双频低噪声放大器(DB-LNA),用于无线局域网(WLAN)。在基于逆变器的LNA中,采用电阻并联反馈的电流复用结构来降低功耗并实现从DC到5.5 ghz的宽频带。第二个基于逆变器的级用于增加增益并在频带上获得平坦增益。在电路输出端还插入LC网络以形成双频频率响应。该并行DB-LNA采用RF-TSMC 0.18µm CMOS技术设计,功耗为10.8 mW,电源电压为1.5 V。仿真结果表明,在2.4/5.2 ghz频段,dB - lna的直接功率增益(s21)为13.7/14.1 dB,噪声系数(NF)为4.2/4.6 dB,输入回波损耗(s11)为- 12.9/ - 14.6 dBm。
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引用次数: 1
Hardware Implementation of Chaotic Zigzag Map Based Bitwise Dynamical PRNG on FPGA 基于位动态PRNG的混沌之字形映射的FPGA硬件实现
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2021-01-27 DOI: 10.33180/INFMIDEM2020.402
Ali Murat Garipcan, E. Erdem
In this study, successful real-time implementation of discrete-time chaotic zigzag map as a Random Number Generator on field-programmable gate array (FPGA) environment is presented. For hardware implementation, in addition to ready-use circuit elements defined on 32-bit floating-point numbers, very high-speed integrated circuit hardware description language (VHDL) is used. In the scope of this study, cryptographic critical competencies such as system reliability and randomness quality related to nonlinear dynamic behaviour of zigzag map are examined. H function post - processing technique is used in the system for random numbers with low statistical quality achieved from chaotic system. Also NIST 800-22 standard test technique is used for statistical verification of bit sequences obtained from the generator. In addition to its practical applicability, the results show that the zigzag map can be used as a random number generator for embeded cryptographic applications.
在本研究中,我们成功地在现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)环境中实现了离散时间混沌之字形映射作为随机数发生器。对于硬件实现,除了使用32位浮点数定义的现成电路元件外,还使用了非常高速的集成电路硬件描述语言(VHDL)。在本研究的范围内,密码学的关键能力,如系统可靠性和随机性质量相关的非线性动态行为之字形图的检验。系统采用H函数后处理技术对混沌系统中统计质量较低的随机数进行处理。此外,NIST 800-22标准测试技术用于从发生器获得的位序列的统计验证。除了具有实际的适用性外,结果表明锯齿形映射可以用作嵌入式密码应用中的随机数生成器。
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引用次数: 4
Multi-Port Memory Design in Quantum Cellular Automata Using Logical Crossing 基于逻辑交叉的量子元胞自动机多端口存储器设计
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.33180/infmidem2021.103
Kamaraj Arunachalam, M. Perumalsamy, Abirami Ramasamy
: Memory and its data communication play a vital role in deciding the performance of a Processor. In order to obtain a high performance computing machine, memory access has to be equally faster. In this paper, Dual port memory with Set/Reset is designed using Majority Voter in Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA). Dual port memory consists of basic functional blocks such as 2 to 4 decoder, Control Logic Block (CLB), Address Checker Block (ACB), Memory Cell (MC), Data Router block and Input/Output block. These functional units are constructed using the 3-input majority voters. QCA is one of the recent technologies for the design of nanometer level digital components. The functionality of Dual Port Memory has been simulated and verified in QCADesigner 2.0.3. A novel crossover method called Logical Crossing is utilized to improve the area of the proposed design. The logical crossing does the data transmission with the support of proper Clock zone assignment. The logical crossing based QCA layouts are optimized in terms of area and number of cell counts. It is observed that 29.81%, 18.27%, 8.32%, 11.57% and 3.69% are the percentage of improvement in the number of cells in Decoder, ACB, CLB, Data Router and Memory Cell respectively. Also, 25.71%, 16.83%, 8.62%, 4.74% and 3.73% of improvement is achieved in the area for Decoder, ACB, CLB, Data Router and Memory Cell respectively. In addition to that the proposed Dual port memory using logical crossing attains improvement in the area by 8.26%; that is made possible due to the 8.65% reduction in the number of cells required for its construction. Moreover, the quantum circuits of the RAM are obtained using the RCViewer+ tool. The quantum cost, constant inputs, the number of gates, garbage output and total cost are estimated as 285, 67, 57, 50 and 516 respectively.
内存及其数据通信在决定处理器的性能方面起着至关重要的作用。为了获得高性能计算机器,内存访问必须同样快。本文利用量子点元胞自动机(QCA)中的多数投票人设计了具有Set/Reset功能的双端口存储器。双端口内存由2到4解码器、控制逻辑块(CLB)、地址检查块(ACB)、内存单元(MC)、数据路由器块和输入/输出块等基本功能块组成。这些功能单元是使用3输入多数投票人构建的。QCA是纳米级数字元件设计的新技术之一。在qcadeser2.0.3中对双端口存储器的功能进行了仿真和验证。一种新颖的交叉方法被称为逻辑交叉,以提高所提出的设计的面积。逻辑交叉在适当的时钟区分配的支持下进行数据传输。基于逻辑交叉的QCA布局在面积和单元数方面进行了优化。结果表明,解码器、ACB、CLB、数据路由器和内存单元的细胞数改善百分比分别为29.81%、18.27%、8.32%、11.57%和3.69%。解码器、ACB、CLB、数据路由器和存储单元分别实现了25.71%、16.83%、8.62%、4.74%和3.73%的改进。此外,采用逻辑交叉的双端口存储器在该区域的性能提高了8.26%;这是由于8.65%的减少所需的电池的数量,其建设成为可能。此外,还利用RCViewer+工具获得了RAM的量子电路。量子成本、常数投入、门数、垃圾输出和总成本分别为285、67、57、50和516。
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引用次数: 1
Superior Performance of a Negative-capacitance Double-gate Junctionless Field-effect Transistor with Additional Source-drain Doping 外加源极漏极掺杂的负电容双栅无结场效应晶体管的优越性能
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2020-11-20 DOI: 10.33180/infmidem2020.302
Zhifeng Zhao, Tianyu Yu, Peng Si, Kai Zhang, Weifeng Lyu
In this work, we propose a negative-capacitance double-gate junctionless field-effect transistor (NC-JLFET) with additional source-drain doping for the first time. Superior performance of the NC-JLFET due to source and drain doping concentration is explained in detail. Additionally, the effects of the drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) and negative differential resistance (NDR) are precisely analyzed in the NC-JLFET. Sentaurus TCAD simulation demonstrates that the additional source-drain-doped NC-JLFET exhibits a higher on/off current ratio ( I ON / I OFF ) and steeper subthreshold swing ( SS < 60 mV/dec) compared to a traditional JLFET. Besides, the negative capacitance effect causes the internal voltage of the gate to be amplified, resulting in negative DIBL and NDR phenomena. Finally, the performance of NC-JLFET can also be optimized by choosing suitable ferroelectric material parameters, such as ferroelectric thickness, coercive field, and remnant polarization. Our simulation study provides theoretical and experimental support for further performance improvement of low-power NCFETs by local structure adjustment.
在这项工作中,我们首次提出了一种具有附加源极漏极掺杂的负电容双栅无结场效应晶体管(NC-JLFET)。详细解释了源极和漏极掺杂浓度对NC-JLFET性能的影响。此外,还对NC-JLFET中漏极诱导势垒降低(DIBL)和负差分电阻(NDR)的影响进行了精确分析。Sentaurus TCAD仿真表明,与传统的JLFET相比,额外掺源漏极的NC-JLFET具有更高的开/关电流比(I on/ I off)和更陡的亚阈值摆幅(SS < 60 mV/dec)。此外,负电容效应使栅极内部电压被放大,产生负DIBL和负NDR现象。最后,通过选择合适的铁电材料参数,如铁电厚度、矫顽力场和残余极化,可以优化NC-JLFET的性能。本文的仿真研究为通过局部结构调整进一步提高低功率ncfet的性能提供了理论和实验支持。
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引用次数: 2
A High Voltage Gain Multiport Zeta-Zeta Converter for Renewable Energy Systems 用于可再生能源系统的高电压增益多端口Zeta-Zeta转换器
IF 1.2 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2020-11-20 DOI: 10.33180/infmidem2020.306
S. Ramasamy, Ilambirai Raghavan Chandran, Chellammal Nallaperumal
In this paper, a zeta-zeta coupled non-isolated multiport converter is proposed and implemented. The new dc-dc       multiport converter discussed here facilitates the access of two renewable energy sources in the input side and a single output. Zeta converter topology facilitates high voltage gain with a reduced output voltage ripple. Multiport converters have become very prominent in recent past due to the prevalent establishments of distributed energy resources. Therefore in research arena there is no literature evidence for Zeta –Zeta converters used in multiport converters. This research work emphasize on suggesting a Zeta-Zeta       multiport converter with reduced number of switches. The proposed converter is simulated in MATLAB/ Simulink environment and is also realized as a hardware prototype. The voltage gain and efficiency of the proposed circuit is compared with its            counterpart multiport topologies. The simulation and hardware results show that the proposed topology is having a clear edge on its counter parts in voltage gain and efficiency. The proposed converter indisputably assures the utmost use of renewable energy resources.
本文提出并实现了一种zeta-zeta耦合非隔离多端口转换器。本文讨论的新型dc-dc多端口转换器促进了两个可再生能源在输入侧和一个输出侧的接入。Zeta转换器拓扑有利于高电压增益与减少输出电压纹波。由于分布式能源的普遍建立,多端口转换器在最近的过去变得非常突出。因此,在研究领域,尚无文献证据表明Zeta -Zeta转换器用于多端口转换器。本研究着重提出一种减少开关数量的Zeta-Zeta多端口转换器。在MATLAB/ Simulink环境下对所提出的转换器进行了仿真,并作为硬件样机实现。将所提出电路的电压增益和效率与相应的多端口拓扑进行了比较。仿真和硬件结果表明,所提出的拓扑结构在电压增益和效率方面具有明显的优势。拟议中的转换器无可争议地保证了可再生能源的最大利用。
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引用次数: 1
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