Cancer Epidemiology最新文献_第2页

IF 2.3 3区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Epidemiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2025.102980

Charline Jean, Esther Bastiaannet, Melody K. Schiaffino, Sophie Pilleron , Florence Canouï-Poitrine

引用次数: 0

Impact of gastrointestinal bleeding on hospital outcomes in hematologic malignancies: A nationwide cross-sectional study 胃肠出血对血液系统恶性肿瘤医院预后的影响：一项全国性的横断面研究。

IF 2.3 3区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Epidemiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2025.102975

Pragya Jain , Iqra Qazi , Jacob Thompson , Nency Ganatra , Shivam Patel , Junaid Anwar

Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a frequent cause of hospitalizations and is linked to greater inpatient morbidity, especially among cancer patients. Despite being a recognized complication in patients with hematologic malignancies (HMs), its impact on hospitalization outcomes and healthcare utilization in HM patients is poorly defined. To evaluate the association between GI bleeding and key hospital outcomes, including mortality, length of stay (LOS), and hospitalization costs among adults admitted with HMs, this retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2018 to 2022. Multivariable models were fitted using survey-weighted logistic regression for mortality and Poisson regression with a log link for LOS and charges, adjusting for demographic and clinical covariates to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRRs), with corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Among an estimated 2.9 million weighted hospitalizations with HMs, approximately 13 % were complicated by GI bleeding, which were characterized by higher mortality, longer LOS, and greater healthcare costs. In adjusted models, GI bleeding was associated with higher odds of in-hospital death (aOR: 1.22, 95 % CI: 1.18–1.26) as well as increased LOS (aIRR: 1.36, 95 % CI: 1.34–1.38) and higher hospitalization costs (aIRR: 1.40, 95 % CI: 1.37–1.43). This study's findings indicate that GI bleeding in patients with HMs is an independent predictor of adverse outcomes, including increased mortality and resource utilization. These findings highlight the need for early recognition, risk stratification, and proactive management strategies to mitigate the clinical and economic burden of bleeding in this high-risk population.

胃肠道（GI）出血是住院的常见原因，并与更高的住院发病率有关，特别是在癌症患者中。尽管是恶性血液病（HMs）患者公认的并发症，但其对住院治疗结果和医疗保健利用的影响尚不明确。为了评估胃肠道出血与HMs入院成人的主要医院结局（包括死亡率、住院时间（LOS）和住院费用）之间的关系，本研究采用2018年至2022年全国住院患者样本（NIS）进行了回顾性横断面研究。采用调查加权logistic回归拟合死亡率和泊松回归，对LOS和收费进行对数关联，调整人口统计学和临床协变量，计算调整优势比（aORs）和调整发病率比（aIRRs），相应的置信区间为95% % （ci）。在估计的290万例HMs加权住院患者中，约13% %合并消化道出血，其特点是死亡率更高，LOS时间更长，医疗费用更高。在调整后的模型中，胃肠道出血与更高的院内死亡几率（aOR: 1.22, 95 % CI: 1.18-1.26）、更高的LOS （aIRR: 1.36, 95 % CI: 1.34-1.38）和更高的住院费用（aIRR: 1.40, 95 % CI: 1.37-1.43）相关。本研究结果表明，HMs患者的胃肠道出血是不良结局的独立预测因子，包括死亡率和资源利用率的增加。这些发现强调了早期识别、风险分层和主动管理策略的必要性，以减轻这一高危人群出血的临床和经济负担。

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引用次数: 0

Humidifier disinfectant exposure and lung cancer development: A propensity score matching analysis 加湿器消毒剂暴露与肺癌发展：倾向评分匹配分析。

IF 2.3 3区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Epidemiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2025.102982

Su Hwan Kim , Sungchan Kang , Sanghee Shin , Jeong-In Hwang , Hyungryul Lim , Dong-Wook Lee , Woojoo Lee , Kang Hee Ha , Youngmee Lee , Taksoo Kim , Hye-Jin Kim , Kyoung-Nam Kim

Background

Although previous animal studies suggest an association between humidifier disinfectant (HD) exposure and lung cancer, epidemiological evidence remains limited.

Methodology

Nationwide data from the National Health Insurance Service and survey data on the HD claimant group were used. A 1:30 propensity score matching was conducted between the HD claimant (n = 4567) and non-exposed groups (n = 153,071). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models, incorporating a 4-year latency period.

Results

After matching, the incidence of lung cancer was 2.58 % in the HD claimant group and 0.55 % in the non-exposed group. In the Cox models, the HR for lung cancer in the HD claimant group was 5.71 (95 % CI: 4.70, 6.92) compared with the non-exposed group. Stratified analyses showed an HR of 12.61 (95 % CI: 8.94, 17.79) among women and 4.31 (95 % CI: 3.40, 5.47) among men. The associations also persisted in never-smokers, with an HR of 4.33 (95 % CI: 2.26, 8.30).

Conclusions

Exposure to HDs was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer development. Combined with in vivo and in vitro studies reporting similar associations and plausible mechanisms, the present study supports the potential carcinogenic effects of HDs on lung cancer.

背景：虽然以前的动物研究表明加湿器消毒剂（HD）暴露与肺癌之间存在关联，但流行病学证据仍然有限。方法：使用来自国家健康保险服务的全国数据和HD索赔组的调查数据。在HD索赔者（n = 4567）和非暴露组（n = 153,071）之间进行了1:30倾向评分匹配。使用Cox比例风险模型估计风险比（hr）和95% %置信区间（ci），包括4年潜伏期。结果：匹配后，HD索赔组肺癌发病率为2.58 %，非暴露组肺癌发病率为0.55 %。在Cox模型中，与未暴露组相比，HD索赔组肺癌的HR为5.71（95 % CI: 4.70, 6.92）。分层分析显示，女性的HR为12.61(95 % CI: 8.94, 17.79)，男性的HR为4.31（95 % CI: 3.40, 5.47）。这种关联在不吸烟者中也存在，风险比为4.33（95 % CI: 2.26, 8.30）。结论：暴露于HDs与肺癌发展的风险增加有关。结合体内和体外研究报告相似的关联和合理的机制，本研究支持HDs对肺癌的潜在致癌作用。

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引用次数: 0

Prostate cancer screening: Cancer mortality and opportunistic screening. 前列腺癌筛查：癌症死亡率和机会性筛查。

IF 2.3 3区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Epidemiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2025.102977

Takeshi Takahashi

引用次数: 0

Understanding female breast cancer risk in the Indian population: Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis 了解印度人群中的女性乳腺癌风险：来自系统回顾和荟萃分析的证据。

IF 2.3 3区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Epidemiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2025.102979

Saravanan Vijayakumar, Thilagavathi Ramamoorthy , Abhishek David George, Anita Nath

Background

Breast cancer incidence in India is expected to rise by about 5.6 % annually, translating to an estimated increase of 0.05 million new cases per year. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to investigate the influence of India's unique context on breast cancer risk by identifying and synthesising population-specific risk factors.

Methods

We conducted a systematic literature search across the PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases up to December 22, 2024. Observational studies assessing breast cancer risk factors among Indian women were included, and quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist. A meta-analysis using a random-effects model estimated pooled associations between key risk factors and breast cancer.

Results

Among the 1871 articles identified, 31 studies met the inclusion criteria of which case-control studies were of moderate to high quality. The meta-analysis revealed significant positive associations with breast cancer risk for late menopause (age >50 years), delayed first pregnancy or childbirth (age >30 years), multiple abortions, higher age at marriage, increased waist-to-hip ratio (≥0.85), and family history of cancer, particularly breast cancer. Among lifestyle factors, poor sleep quality, irregular sleep patterns, sleeping in a lighted room, and elevated stress levels were also positively associated with risk in individual studies. In contrast, higher levels of physical activity showed an inverse association.

Conclusions

Reproductive timing, hormonal exposure, central obesity, and family history influence breast cancer risk primarily among Indian women. In conclusion, the review highlights the critical need for large, extensive, population-based prospective cohort studies in India to define breast cancer prevention and early detection strategies with greater precision.

背景：印度的乳腺癌发病率预计将以每年5.6% %的速度增长，这意味着每年估计会增加0.05万新病例。本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在通过识别和综合人群特异性风险因素，调查印度独特的环境对乳腺癌风险的影响。方法：我们对PubMed、Scopus和Embase数据库进行了系统的文献检索，检索截止到2024年12月22日。评估印度妇女乳腺癌风险因素的观察性研究被纳入其中，并使用乔安娜布里格斯研究所检查表对质量进行评估。一项使用随机效应模型的荟萃分析估计了关键危险因素与乳腺癌之间的综合关联。结果：在纳入的1871篇文献中，有31篇研究符合病例对照研究中至高质量的纳入标准。荟萃分析显示，绝经晚期（50岁至50岁）、首次怀孕或分娩延迟（30岁至50岁）、多次流产、结婚年龄较高、腰臀比增加（≥0.85）和癌症家族史（尤其是乳腺癌）与乳腺癌风险显著正相关。在个人研究中，生活方式因素中，睡眠质量差、睡眠模式不规律、睡在光线充足的房间里以及压力水平升高也与风险呈正相关。相比之下，高水平的体育活动则呈现出反比关系。结论：生育时间、激素暴露、中心性肥胖和家族史主要影响印度妇女患乳腺癌的风险。总之，该综述强调了在印度开展大规模、广泛、基于人群的前瞻性队列研究的迫切需要，以便更精确地确定乳腺癌预防和早期发现策略。

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引用次数: 0

Etiologic profile and prognostic patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma in a Southern European population – Madeira, Portugal: Insight into a preventable cancer 欧洲南部人群中肝细胞癌的病因学特征和预后模式——葡萄牙马德拉：洞察一种可预防的癌症

IF 2.3 3区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Epidemiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2025.102976

Pedro H. Berenguer , Cláudia Fraga , Sara Müller , Patrícia Serrão , Carolina Camacho , Laurentina Silva , Nuno Ladeira , Paulo S. Pinheiro , Carolina Sales

Background

Liver cancer is the sixth most common and third deadliest cancer worldwide. In Portugal, it remains highly lethal, with 1740 new cases and 1611 deaths estimated in 2022. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main histological type and exhibits variation in risk factors and outcomes. Unlike many malignancies, HCC arises predominantly in chronically diseased tissues and is largely attributable to four modifiable etiologies: hepatitis B (HBV) and C viruses (HCV), alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This study aimed to characterize HCC etiology-specific incidence and prognostic patterns in the Madeira islands, Portugal.

Methods

All HCC cases diagnosed between 2010 and 2023 were identified through the Madeira Cancer Registry. Etiologies and risk factors were assigned using clinical records, serological markers, and ICD-coded discharge data. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) were computed using the world and the 2000 U.S. standard population. Survival outcomes were assessed with Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models.

Results

Among 240 HCC cases, the leading etiology was ALD (50.0 %), followed by MASLD (17.1 %), HBV (16.5 %), and HCV (11.9 %). Male incidence was nearly 8-fold higher than female incidence (ASIR: 6.9 vs. 0.9 per 100,000), with ALD dominating among men and MASLD among women. No significant temporal change in HCC incidence was observed. Most patients (63.8 %) were diagnosed at advanced stages. The age-adjusted 5-year survival was 5.6 %, and median survival was 6 months. Cancer stage was the strongest prognostic factor, while HCC etiology was not independently associated with survival.

Conclusions

HCC in Madeira presents a distinct etiologic and prognostic pattern, marked by a high ALD burden among men, a MASLD burden among women, and poor survival due to late-stage diagnosis. These findings highlight the urgency of expanding liver cancer surveillance, integrating metabolic risk management, and targeting alcohol misuse through population-level interventions, especially among males and older patients.

肝癌是世界上第六大最常见和第三致命的癌症。在葡萄牙，它仍然是高度致命的，预计2022年将有1740例新病例和1611例死亡。肝细胞癌（HCC）是主要的组织学类型，其危险因素和预后存在差异。与许多恶性肿瘤不同，HCC主要发生在慢性病变组织中，主要归因于四种可改变的病因：乙型肝炎（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）、酒精相关肝病（ALD）和代谢功能障碍相关脂肪变性肝病（MASLD）。本研究旨在描述葡萄牙马德拉群岛HCC病因特异性发病率和预后模式。方法2010年至2023年间诊断的所有HCC病例均通过马德拉癌症登记处确定。根据临床记录、血清学标记物和icd编码的出院数据确定病因和危险因素。年龄标准化发病率（asir）计算使用世界和2000年 美国标准的人口。生存结果采用Kaplan-Meier曲线和Cox比例风险模型进行评估。结果240例HCC中，病因以ALD（50.0 %）居首，其次为MASLD（17.1 %）、HBV（16.5 %）和HCV（11.9 %）。男性发病率比女性高近8倍（ASIR: 6.9比0.9 / 100000），ALD在男性中占主导地位，而MASLD在女性中占主导地位。HCC发病率未见明显的时间变化。大多数患者（63.8% %）诊断为晚期。年龄调整后5年生存率为5.6% %，中位生存期为6个月。癌症分期是最强的预后因素，而HCC的病因与生存没有独立的相关性。结论马德拉岛的shcc具有独特的病因学和预后模式，其特点是男性ALD负担高，女性MASLD负担高，晚期诊断导致生存率低。这些发现强调了扩大肝癌监测、整合代谢风险管理以及通过人群水平干预（尤其是男性和老年患者）针对酒精滥用的紧迫性。

{"title":"Etiologic profile and prognostic patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma in a Southern European population – Madeira, Portugal: Insight into a preventable cancer","authors":"Pedro H. Berenguer , Cláudia Fraga , Sara Müller , Patrícia Serrão , Carolina Camacho , Laurentina Silva , Nuno Ladeira , Paulo S. Pinheiro , Carolina Sales","doi":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.canep.2025.102976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Liver cancer is the sixth most common and third deadliest cancer worldwide. In Portugal, it remains highly lethal, with 1740 new cases and 1611 deaths estimated in 2022. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main histological type and exhibits variation in risk factors and outcomes. Unlike many malignancies, HCC arises predominantly in chronically diseased tissues and is largely attributable to four modifiable etiologies: hepatitis B (HBV) and C viruses (HCV), alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This study aimed to characterize HCC etiology-specific incidence and prognostic patterns in the Madeira islands, Portugal.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All HCC cases diagnosed between 2010 and 2023 were identified through the Madeira Cancer Registry. Etiologies and risk factors were assigned using clinical records, serological markers, and ICD-coded discharge data. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) were computed using the world and the 2000 U.S. standard population. Survival outcomes were assessed with Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 240 HCC cases, the leading etiology was ALD (50.0 %), followed by MASLD (17.1 %), HBV (16.5 %), and HCV (11.9 %). Male incidence was nearly 8-fold higher than female incidence (ASIR: 6.9 vs. 0.9 per 100,000), with ALD dominating among men and MASLD among women. No significant temporal change in HCC incidence was observed. Most patients (63.8 %) were diagnosed at advanced stages. The age-adjusted 5-year survival was 5.6 %, and median survival was 6 months. Cancer stage was the strongest prognostic factor, while HCC etiology was not independently associated with survival.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>HCC in Madeira presents a distinct etiologic and prognostic pattern, marked by a high ALD burden among men, a MASLD burden among women, and poor survival due to late-stage diagnosis. These findings highlight the urgency of expanding liver cancer surveillance, integrating metabolic risk management, and targeting alcohol misuse through population-level interventions, especially among males and older patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56322,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 102976"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Population-based trends in gastrointestinal cancer incidence and mortality in New Zealand: A 11-year analysis 新西兰胃肠癌发病率和死亡率基于人群的趋势：一项11年分析

IF 2.3 3区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Epidemiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2025.102973

Lelwala Guruge Thushani Shanika , Robin Turner , Sharon Pattison , Rhiannon Braund

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are a major contributor to the global cancer burden. However, no previous study has examined incidence and mortality across all GI cancer sites within a population, stratified by sex, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. This retrospective, population-based study aimed to address this gap by providing a comprehensive overview of GI cancer incidence and mortality in New Zealand (NZ) from 2009 to 2019 and examining patterns across demographic subgroups. GI cancer cases (ICD-10-AM C15–C26) were identified from the NZ Cancer Registry and linked to the Mortality Collection to assess mortality. Baseline demographics were summarised, and age-standardised incidence and GI cancer-specific mortality rates were calculated. A total of 57,707 GI cancers were diagnosed in 55,611 individuals. The mean age at diagnosis and death were 69.9 (SD: 13.4) and 73.9 (SD: 12.9), respectively. Of those diagnosed with GI cancer, 54.4 % were male. Incidence trends varied by cancer site: small intestinal cancer increased annually (3 % in males, 4 % in females), while stomach and colorectal cancer incidence declined modestly for both sexes. GI cancer mortality declined significantly across all sites (males: RR=0.92;95 %CI:0.88,0.96;p = 0.002); females: RR= 0.91;95 %CI:0.87,0.96; p = 0.002). Māori and Pacific peoples had the highest incidence and mortality rates for stomach (incidence: 13.2 and 14.2; mortality: 9.3 and 7.1 per 100,000) and liver/biliary tract cancers (incidence: 14.1 and 18.1; mortality: 12.0 and 13.9 per 100,000). A clear socioeconomic gradient was observed, with higher incidence and mortality in the most deprived areas. This study reveals clear disparities in GI cancer incidence and mortality across sex, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups in NZ. These patterns highlight the importance of tailoring cancer prevention and early detection efforts to ensure they reach the communities most affected. A stronger focus on equity is needed, not just in NZ, but also in other settings where similar gaps in cancer outcomes persist.

胃肠道（GI）癌症是全球癌症负担的主要贡献者。然而，之前没有研究对人群中所有胃肠道癌症部位的发病率和死亡率进行过调查，并按性别、种族和社会经济地位进行了分层。这项基于人群的回顾性研究旨在通过全面概述2009年至2019年新西兰（NZ）的胃肠道癌症发病率和死亡率，并检查人口亚组的模式，来解决这一差距。从新西兰癌症登记处确定GI癌症病例（ICD-10-AM C15-C26），并与死亡率收集相关联，以评估死亡率。总结基线人口统计数据，计算年龄标准化发病率和胃肠道癌症特异性死亡率。共有55,611人被诊断出57,707例胃肠道癌症。确诊和死亡时的平均年龄分别为69.9岁（SD: 13.4）和73.9岁（SD: 12.9）。在被诊断为胃肠道癌的患者中，54.4% %为男性。不同癌症部位的发病率趋势不同：小肠癌每年增加（男性为3 %，女性为4 %），而胃癌和结直肠癌的发病率在两性中均略有下降。所有地区的胃肠道癌症死亡率均显著下降（男性：RR=0.92;95 %CI:0.88,0.96;p = 0.002）；女性:RR = 0.91;95 % CI: 0.87, 0.96; = 0.002页)。Māori和太平洋地区人民的胃癌发病率和死亡率最高（发病率：13.2和14.2；死亡率：每10万人9.3和7.1），以及肝脏/胆道癌症（发病率：14.1和18.1；死亡率：12.0和13.9）。观察到明显的社会经济梯度，最贫困地区的发病率和死亡率较高。这项研究揭示了新西兰不同性别、种族和社会经济群体在胃肠道癌症发病率和死亡率方面的明显差异。这些模式突出了调整癌症预防和早期发现工作的重要性，以确保它们到达受影响最严重的社区。不仅在新西兰，而且在其他癌症结果存在类似差距的国家，都需要更加注重公平。

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引用次数: 0

Burden and determinants of benign prostate hyperplasia in Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis 非洲良性前列腺增生的负担和决定因素：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 2.3 3区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Epidemiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2025.102972

Kedir Seid , Abel Tibebu Goshu , Sintayehu Samuel Lorato , Mitiku Desalegn , Kelemu Abebe Gelaw , Yohannes Godie Ashebir , Olyad Kuma Getahun , Gebeyehu Lakew , Mathewos Mekonnen Gemmechu , Tiruye Menshaw Tiruneh , Yibeltal Assefa Atalay , Amlaku Nigusie Yirsaw , Eyob Ketema Bogale , Natnael Atnafu Gebeyehu , Tewodros Shitemaw Tekoye , Genanew Kassie Getahun

Objective

To determine the prevalence and determinants of benign prostate hyperplasia in Africa via a meta-analysis.

Methods

This report was presented according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses checklist. Thirteen articles were searched via PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and African Journal Online. Data were extracted via Microsoft Excel and exported to STATA 17 for analysis. The data were analyzed via the random effects model. The heterogeneity of the studies was assessed by Cochran’s Q test and I² statistics. Publication bias was detected via funnel plots and Egger’s test.

Result

In 13 studies conducted in Africa, with a sample size of 5619 people between 2011 and 2024, the pooled prevalence of benign prostate hyperplasia was 44 % (95 % CI 31 %-57 %) in Africa. According to the subgroup analysis, the pooled prevalence was greater in studies published from 2011--2018 (56 % (95 % CI: 38--73)) than in those published from 2019--2024 (34 %). The pooled prevalence rates were also greater in those with sample sizes > 500 than in those with sample sizes < 500 (45 % vs 41 %). Family history of BPH (OR = 5.56; 95 % CI; 1.57, 9.55), difficulty in sexual activity (OR = 13.14; 95 % CI: 5.50, 20.77), use of traditional eye medication (OR = 2.27; 95 % CI: 1.68, 2.86), family history (OR = 4.93; 95 % CI: 3.13, 6.72) and inadequate sleeping time (OR = 2.90, 95 % CI = 2.25–3.55) were factors associated with benign prostate hyperplasia among adults.

Conclusions

The pooled prevalence of BPH among adults living in Africa was significant. Family history, difficulty in sexual activity and inadequate sleeping time were significantly associated with benign prostate hyperplasia. The greater burden of BPH across the country calls for efforts by health policy makers to pay attention to it.

目的：通过荟萃分析确定非洲良性前列腺增生的患病率和决定因素。方法：本报告按照系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目清单提交。通过PubMed/MEDLINE、EMBASE、Scopus、b谷歌Scholar、Science Direct和African Journal Online检索了13篇文章。通过Microsoft Excel提取数据，导出到STATA 17进行分析。采用随机效应模型对数据进行分析。采用Cochran’s Q检验和I2统计量评估研究的异质性。通过漏斗图和Egger检验检测发表偏倚。结果：在非洲进行的13项研究中，2011年至2024年间样本量为5619人，非洲良性前列腺增生的总患病率为44 %（95 % CI 31 %-57 %）。根据亚组分析，2011- 2018年发表的研究（56 %(95 % CI: 38- 73)）的总患病率高于2019- 2024年发表的研究（34 %）。在样本量为> 500的人群中，总患病率也高于其他人群。结论：生活在非洲的成年人中，BPH的总患病率是显著的。家族史、性活动困难和睡眠不足与良性前列腺增生显著相关。BPH在全国范围内造成的更大负担要求卫生政策制定者努力予以关注。

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引用次数: 0

Cancer screening knowledge and health literacy among rural women Aged 30–69 30-69岁农村妇女的癌症筛查知识和健康素养。

IF 2.3 3区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Epidemiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2025.102971

Kübra Akalın , Ecem Çiçek Gümüş , İlknur Dolu

Background

High participation rates are essential for the success of cancer screening programs; however, sustaining consistent engagement is a persistent challenge, especially in rural populations. To investigate the health literacy and cancer screening knowledge levels of women aged 30–69 living in rural areas who are eligible for at least one type of cancer screening, and to identify factors associated with cancer-related knowledge.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study of 365 rural women aged 30–69 years who attended a Central Public Health Center between February and August 2025, in a province located in the northwestern region of Türkiye. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire, the Knowledge Scale for Cancer Screening, and the Turkiye Health Literacy Scale-32, and analyzed using t-tests, ANOVA, and linear regression

Results

Overall, 81.1 % of participants reported having undergone breast cancer screening, 59.7 % cervical cancer screening, and 50.0 % colorectal cancer screening. According to the linear regression analysis, a history of cervical cancer screening (β=0.243; t(10) = 3.235; p = 0.001) and scores on the TSOY-32 subscale for disease prevention and health promotion (β=0.202; t(10) = 2.372; p = 0.018) were significant predictors of cancer screening knowledge.Conclusion: Our study identifies potential factors that may enhance knowledge of cancer screening, which in turn could contribute to increasing the uptake of cancer screening tests. The most significant indicators were high level of health literacy related to disease prevention and health promotion as well as a previous experience with cervical cancer screening. These factors should be considered in the development of targeted interventions to increase cancer screening participation among women in rural settings.

背景：高参与率对癌症筛查项目的成功至关重要；然而，保持持续的参与是一项持续的挑战，特别是在农村人口中。调查农村地区至少有资格接受一种癌症筛查的30-69岁 妇女的健康素养和癌症筛查知识水平，并确定与癌症相关知识相关的因素。方法：我们对365名年龄在30-69岁的农村妇女进行了一项横断面研究，这些妇女于2025年2月至8月在位于基耶省西北部的一个省的中央公共卫生中心就诊。通过结构化问卷、癌症筛查知识量表和Turkiye健康素养量表-32收集数据，并使用t检验、方差分析和线性回归进行分析。结果：总体而言，81.1 %的参与者报告进行了乳腺癌筛查，59.7 %的参与者报告进行了宫颈癌筛查，50.0 %的参与者报告进行了结直肠癌筛查。根据线性回归分析，宫颈癌筛查史(β=0.243; t（10） = 3.235；p = 0.001)和TSOY-32疾病预防和健康促进量表得分(β=0.202; t（10） = 2.372；P = 0.018)是癌症筛查知识的显著预测因子。结论：我们的研究确定了可能提高癌症筛查知识的潜在因素，这反过来可能有助于增加癌症筛查测试的吸收。最重要的指标是与疾病预防和促进健康有关的卫生知识水平高，以及以前有过宫颈癌筛查的经验。在制定有针对性的干预措施以增加农村地区妇女参与癌症筛查时，应考虑到这些因素。

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引用次数: 0

Chemotherapy use in ovarian cancer patients diagnosed 2012–2017 in Australia, Canada, Norway and the UK: An International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) population-based study 澳大利亚、加拿大、挪威和英国2012-2017年诊断为卵巢癌患者的化疗使用：一项基于人群的国际癌症基准伙伴关系（ICBP）研究

IF 2.3 3区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Epidemiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2025.102903

Matthew E. Barclay , Sean McPhail , Shane A. Johnson , Ruth Swann , John Butler , Christian J. Finley , Andriana Barisic , Damien Bennett , Oliver Bucher , Nicola Creighton , Cheryl A. Denny , Ron A. Dewar , David W. Donnelly , Laura Downie , Norah Finn , Steven Habbous , Dyfed W. Huws , Leon May , Bjørn Møller , David S. Morrison , Georgios Lyratzopoulos

Objective

To describe use of chemotherapy in patients with ovarian cancer in national or sub-national populations of Australia, Canada, Norway and the UK.

Methods

Linked population-based data sources were used to describe use and time to chemotherapy initiation in ovarian cancer patients diagnosed in study periods during 2012–2017. Random-effects meta-analysis characterised the size of interjurisdictional variation.

Results

Among 39,879 patients, chemotherapy use ranged from 49 % (Wales) to 75 % (Manitoba). Across jurisdictions, chemotherapy use was higher in advanced disease (79 %, 95 %CI: 74 %–83 %), and lower for stages 1–2 or localised/regional disease (54 %, 95 %CI: 48 %–60 %). Within jurisdictions, chemotherapy use was similar in patients aged 15–64 and 65–74 and then decreased sharply with increasing age. There was large interjurisdictional variation in chemotherapy use in patients aged 85–99 years with advanced disease, being, for example, 23 % (95 %CI: 20 %–25 %) in England and 61 % (95 %CI: 51 %–70 %) in Ontario. However, jurisdictions with the highest chemotherapy use in recorded advanced stage, including Ontario, tended to have higher percentage of missing stage information. Overall, time from diagnosis to chemotherapy initiation was shorter in New South Wales and Victoria and longer in Scotland and Wales. In patients with advanced disease, interjurisdictional variation in time-to-treatment was limited.

Conclusions

Even within the same age groups and stage strata, use of chemotherapy varied substantially between jurisdictions during the mid-2010s. Future work should examine use of surgery in combination with chemotherapy. The reasons for the international variation in chemotherapy use and its contribution to international variation in survival should be established.

目的：描述澳大利亚、加拿大、挪威和英国国家或次国家人群中卵巢癌患者化疗的使用情况。方法：使用相关的基于人群的数据源来描述2012-2017年研究期间诊断的卵巢癌患者的化疗使用情况和开始化疗时间。随机效应荟萃分析表征了辖区间差异的大小。结果：在39,879例患者中，化疗使用率从49% %（威尔士）到75% %（马尼托巴）不等。在各个辖区，晚期疾病的化疗使用较高（79 %,95 %CI: 74 %-83 %），而1-2期或局部/区域疾病的化疗使用较低（54 %,95 %CI: 48 %-60 %）。在辖区内，15-64岁和65-74岁患者的化疗使用情况相似，然后随着年龄的增长急剧下降。在85-99岁的晚期疾病患者中，化疗的使用有很大的司法管辖区差异，例如，在英国为23 %(95 %CI: 20 %-25 %)，在安大略省为61 %（95 %CI: 51 %-70 %）。然而，在有记录的晚期化疗使用最高的司法管辖区，包括安大略省，往往有更高的阶段信息缺失百分比。总的来说，新南威尔士州和维多利亚州从诊断到化疗开始的时间较短，苏格兰和威尔士较长。在疾病晚期的患者中，不同地区在治疗时间上的差异有限。结论：即使在相同的年龄组和阶段，2010年代中期不同司法管辖区的化疗使用也存在很大差异。未来的工作应探讨手术与化疗联合使用。应确定化疗使用的国际差异的原因及其对生存的国际差异的贡献。

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