Abstract First reports on the population of the lesser spotted eagle in Hungary appeared between 1978 and 1982, and based on these data, we estimate that their population was about 90 pairs during that period. By 2014 this number had decreased to below 40 pairs. The species disappeared from its former nesting sites in the lowlands, riparian habitats and also in a few hilly and mountainous areas. The reasons for its decline appear complex in Hungary. Changes in agricultural practice are suspected of being one of the main reasons which are discussed in the article. We presume that populations of prey species were also negatively affected. Decrease in undisturbed forest stands older than 100 years was probably also a significant factor affecting nesting habitats. As a marginal population, it greatly depends on the larger ones in the surrounding countries, and it is also affected by mortality during migration. Positive changes in the past four years in agricultural land use have already caused a slight increase in their numbers. Main tasks for the near future should be the establishment of a special support scheme focusing on the species’ foraging habitats. Abstrakt Prvé správy o velkosti populácie orla kriklavého v Madarsku sa objavili v rokoch 1978 až 1982. Na základe týchto údajov odhadujeme, že ich populácia bola vtedy tvorená asi 90 pármi. Do roku 2014 sa tento pocet znížil pod 40 párov. Druh zmizol z jeho predošlých hniezdísk v nížinách, z lužných lesov a tiež z niekolkých pahorkatinných a horských oblastí. Príciny úbytku jeho populácie v Madarsku sa zdajú byt komplexné. Zmeny v polnohospodárstve pokladáme za jeden z hlavných dôvodov tohto úbytku, co aj diskutujeme v tomto príspevku. Predpokladáme, že populácie jeho koristi boli tiež negatívne ovplyvnené. Úbytok nenarušených lesných porastov starších než 100 rokov je pravdepodobne tiež významným faktorom v hniezdnych habitatoch. Kedže madarská populácia orla kriklavého je populáciou na okraji areálu rozšírenia, je velmi závislá na väcších populáciách v okolitých krajinách; tiež je ovplyvnená mortalitou pocas migrácie. Pozitívne zmeny vo využívaní polnohospodárskej pôdy v posledných štyroch rokoch už spôsobili mierny nárast pocetnosti populácie. V blízkej budúcnosti by malo byt hlavnou úlohou zavedenie osobitného režimu dotácií, zacieleného na kvalitu potravných habitatov druhu.
1978年至1982年间首次报道了匈牙利小斑鹰的种群数量，根据这些数据，我们估计在此期间它们的种群数量约为90对。到2014年，这一数字已降至40对以下。该物种从低地、河岸栖息地以及一些丘陵和山区的筑巢地消失了。在匈牙利，失业率下降的原因似乎很复杂。农业实践的变化被怀疑是文章中讨论的主要原因之一。我们推测被捕食物种的数量也受到了负面影响。100年以上未受干扰的林分减少可能也是影响筑巢生境的重要因素。作为一个边缘人口，它在很大程度上依赖于周边国家较大的人口，也受到迁移期间死亡率的影响。过去四年农业用地的积极变化已经导致其数量略有增加。近期的主要任务应该是建立一个以物种觅食栖息地为重点的特殊支持方案。[摘要]文献综述správy o velkosti populácie orla kriklavsamuv Madarsku sa objavili v rokoch 1978和1982。Na základe týchto údajov odhadujeme， že ich populácia bola vtedy tvorenas90 pármi。Do roku 2014 sa tento pocet znížil pod 40 párov。Druh zmizol z jeho predošlých hniezdísk v nížinách, z lužných lesov a tiejez niekolkých pahorkatinných a horských oblastí。Príciny úbytku jeho populácie v Madarsku sa zdajú byt komplexn。Zmeny v polnohospodárstve pokladáme za jeden z hlavných dôvodov tohto úbytku, co aj diskutujeme v tomto príspevku。Predpokladáme， že populácie jeho koristi boli tiekv negatívne ovplyvnen。Úbytok nenarušených lesných porastov starších neje100 rokov je pravdepodobne tiejevýznamným faktorom v hniezdnych habitatoch。Kedže madarsk populácia orla kriklavsamho je populáciou na okraji areálu rozšírenia, je velmi závislá na väcších populáciách v okolitých krajinách;tieje ovplyvnen mortalitou pocas migrácie。Pozitívne zmeny vo využívaní polnohospodárskej pôdy v posledných štyroch rokoch ukv spôsobili mierny nárast pocetnosti populácie。V blízkej budúcnosti by malo byt hlavnou úlohou zavedenie osobitnsamho režimu dotácií， zacielensamho na kvalitu potravných habitatov druhu。
{"title":"Current situation and population trend of the lesser spotted eagle (Aquila pomarina) in Hungary","authors":"A. Pongrácz, T. Szitta","doi":"10.1515/srj-2015-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/srj-2015-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract First reports on the population of the lesser spotted eagle in Hungary appeared between 1978 and 1982, and based on these data, we estimate that their population was about 90 pairs during that period. By 2014 this number had decreased to below 40 pairs. The species disappeared from its former nesting sites in the lowlands, riparian habitats and also in a few hilly and mountainous areas. The reasons for its decline appear complex in Hungary. Changes in agricultural practice are suspected of being one of the main reasons which are discussed in the article. We presume that populations of prey species were also negatively affected. Decrease in undisturbed forest stands older than 100 years was probably also a significant factor affecting nesting habitats. As a marginal population, it greatly depends on the larger ones in the surrounding countries, and it is also affected by mortality during migration. Positive changes in the past four years in agricultural land use have already caused a slight increase in their numbers. Main tasks for the near future should be the establishment of a special support scheme focusing on the species’ foraging habitats. Abstrakt Prvé správy o velkosti populácie orla kriklavého v Madarsku sa objavili v rokoch 1978 až 1982. Na základe týchto údajov odhadujeme, že ich populácia bola vtedy tvorená asi 90 pármi. Do roku 2014 sa tento pocet znížil pod 40 párov. Druh zmizol z jeho predošlých hniezdísk v nížinách, z lužných lesov a tiež z niekolkých pahorkatinných a horských oblastí. Príciny úbytku jeho populácie v Madarsku sa zdajú byt komplexné. Zmeny v polnohospodárstve pokladáme za jeden z hlavných dôvodov tohto úbytku, co aj diskutujeme v tomto príspevku. Predpokladáme, že populácie jeho koristi boli tiež negatívne ovplyvnené. Úbytok nenarušených lesných porastov starších než 100 rokov je pravdepodobne tiež významným faktorom v hniezdnych habitatoch. Kedže madarská populácia orla kriklavého je populáciou na okraji areálu rozšírenia, je velmi závislá na väcších populáciách v okolitých krajinách; tiež je ovplyvnená mortalitou pocas migrácie. Pozitívne zmeny vo využívaní polnohospodárskej pôdy v posledných štyroch rokoch už spôsobili mierny nárast pocetnosti populácie. V blízkej budúcnosti by malo byt hlavnou úlohou zavedenie osobitného režimu dotácií, zacieleného na kvalitu potravných habitatov druhu.","PeriodicalId":56343,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Raptor Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80662586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Population trends of the lesser and greater spotted eagle in Estonia were comparatively estimated using data obtained in 1994-2014 from the monitoring scheme of common raptors and from special plots for monitoring of spotted eagles. Both approaches had pros and cons, but resulted in similar population trends. The numbers of the lesser spotted eagle have had minor fluctuations over the last two decades but the overall trend is stable; the current population size is estimated as 600-700 pairs. The number of greater spotted eagle breeding territories (pure-species and mixed pairs pooled) have significantly decreased, for example by 14% per year in 2004-2010, though in recent years the numbers seem to be stabilised at a critically low level. The decline of pure-species pairs was somewhat steeper than that ofmixed pairs, their proportion decreasing from a third to a quarter of the greater spotted eagle breeding territories. Altogether 5-10 breeding territories of the greater spotted eagle may be found nowadays in Estonia. Abstrakt Populacné trendy orla kriklavého a hrubozobého v Estónsku boli odhadnuté z údajov získaných v rokoch 1994 - 2014 v rámci monitoringu bežných druhov dravcov a tiež zo špeciálnych plôch na monitoring týchto dvoch druhov orlov. Oba metodické prístupy majú svoje klady a zápory, avšak z ich údajov vypocítané populacné trendy sú si podobné. Pocetnost orla kriklavého v posledných dvoch desatrociach mierne kolísala, celkový trend je ale stabilný; velkost jeho populácie sa v súcasnosti odhaduje na 600 - 700 párov. Pocet hniezdnych teritórií orla hrubozobého (cisté aj zmiešané páry) významne poklesol, napr. v rokoch 2004 až 2010 o 14 % za rok, v posledných rokoch sa ich pocet zdá byt stabilizovaný na kriticky nízkej úrovni. Pokles pocetnosti cistých párov bol prudší než u zmiešaných párov, ich podiel sa znížil z tretiny na štvrtinu z hniezdnych teritórií orla hrubozobého. Dnes je v Estónsku možné nájst 5 - 10 hniezdnych teritórií tohto druhu orla.
摘要利用1994-2014年爱沙尼亚普通猛禽监测方案和斑点鹰专项监测数据，对爱沙尼亚小斑点鹰和大斑点鹰的种群趋势进行了比较估计。这两种方法各有利弊，但导致了相似的人口趋势。在过去的二十年里，小斑鹰的数量有轻微的波动，但总体趋势是稳定的;目前的种群规模估计为600-700对。大斑鹰的繁殖地(纯种和混合对)的数量明显减少，例如2004-2010年每年减少14%，尽管近年来这些数字似乎稳定在一个极低的水平。纯种配对的下降幅度比混合配对的下降幅度更大，它们的比例从大斑鹰繁殖地的三分之一下降到四分之一。如今在爱沙尼亚总共可以找到5-10个大斑鹰的繁殖地。摘要:populacn时髦的orla kriklavachav和hrubozobacho v Estónsku boli odhadnutoz údajov získaných v rokoch 1994 - 2014 v rámci监测bežných druhov dravcov和tiezozo špeciálnych plôch na监测týchto dovoch drhov orlov。Oba metodick prístupy majú svoje klady a zápory, avšak z ich údajov vypocítané populacn新潮sú si podobn。Pocetnost orla kriklavsamho v posledných dvoch desatrociach mierne kolísala, celkový trend je ale stabilný;Velkost jeho populácie sa v súcasnosti odhaduje na 600 - 700 párov。poet hniezdnych teritórií orla hrubozobsamho (isstestaj zmiešané páry) významne poklesol, napr。V rokoch 2004 azo 2010 o 14 % za rok, V posledných rokoch sa ich pocet zd byt stabilizovaný na kriticky nízkej úrovni。polkles pocetnosti cistých párov bol prudší nejeu zmiešaných párov, ich podiel sa znížil z tretiny na štvrtinu z hniezdnych teritórií orla hrubozobsamho。denes v Estónsku možné nájst 5 - 10 hniezdnych teritórií to druhu orla。
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Abstract The International Conference on the Conservation of the Lesser Spotted Eagle (Aquila pomarina) was held on September 25-27, 2014 in Lesanka Gesthouse at Košická Belá, Slovakia. It was organised by Raptor Protection of Slovakia (RPS) in cooperation with Východoslovenská energetika Holding a.s. The conference dealt with (i) delivering further inputs for updating the European Action Plan for the species, (ii) sharing information on biology and ecology of the species, and (iii) exchange of experience with best practice and innovative species conservation measures. A total of 59 participants from 1 4 countries attended the conference. The agenda included 17 presentations and 7 posters. Some of the contributions are published in Slovak Raptor Journal volume 9 (2015) as full papers, and a further 23 contributions are published as abstracts. The conference also included two field trips during which participants had the opportunity to observe the installation of console barriers on poles of 22 kV power lines, and typical habitats of the lesser spotted eagle. The conference was organized within the framework of the project LIFE09NAT/SK/000396 Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia, implemented by Raptor Protection of Slovakia, Východoslovenská energetika Holding a.s., Stredoslovenská energetika, a.s. and Stredoslovenská energetika-Distribúcia, a.s. The project was cofinanced by EU-LIFE and the Ministry for Environment of the Slovak Republic. Abstrakt Medzinárodná konferencia o ochrane orla kriklavého (Aquila pomarina) sa konala 25. - 27. septembra 2014 v Penzióne Lesanka v Košickej Belej na Slovensku. Zorganizovala ju Ochrana dravcov na Slovensku (RPS) v spolupráci s Východoslovenskou energetikou Holding a.s. Konferencia bola zameraná na prípravu podkladov pre aktualizáciu európskeho akcného plánu pre orla kriklavého, zdielanie informácií o biológii a ekológia druhu a na výmenu skúseností s osvedcenými alebo inovatívnymi opatreniami pre zachovanie orla kriklavého. Konferencie sa zúcastnilo celkom 59 úcastníkov zo 14 krajín. Na konferencii odznelo 17 príspevkov a bolo prezentovaných 7 posterov. Niektoré z týchto príspevkov sú publikované v casopise Slovak Raptor Journal 9 (2015), dalších 23 príspevkov sú publikované formou konferencných abstraktov. Program konferencie zahrnal aj 2 exkurzie, pocas ktorých mali úcastníci možnost vidiet ukážku inštalácie konzolových chrániciek na stlpoch 22 kV elektrického vedenia a typické biotopy orla kriklavého. Konferencia bola organizovaná v rámci projektu LIFE09NAT/SK/000396 Ochrana orla kriklavého na Slovensku, ktorý realizovala Ochrana dravcov na Slovensku, Východoslovenská energetika Holding a.s., Stredoslovenská energetika, a.s. a Stredoslovenská energetika-Distribúcia, a.s. Projekt bol spolufinancovaný Európskou úniou prostredníctvom financného nástroja LIFE a Ministerstvom životného prostredia Slovenskej republiky.
2014年9月25日至27日，国际小斑鹰(Aquila pomarina)保护会议在斯洛伐克Košická bel的Lesanka Gesthouse举行。会议由斯洛伐克Raptor Protection of Slovakia (RPS)与Východoslovenská energetika Holding as合作组织。会议涉及(i)为更新该物种的欧洲行动计划提供进一步的投入，(ii)分享该物种的生物学和生态学信息，以及(iii)交流最佳实践和创新物种保护措施的经验。来自14个国家的59名代表出席了会议。会议议程包括17场演讲和7张海报。其中一些贡献作为全文发表在斯洛伐克猛禽杂志第9卷(2015年)上，另外23篇贡献作为摘要发表。会议亦包括两次实地考察，参加者有机会观察在22千伏电力线的电线杆上安装控制台屏障，以及小斑鹰的典型栖息地。会议是在斯洛伐克Aquila pomarina养护项目LIFE09NAT/SK/000396框架内组织的，该项目由斯洛伐克Raptor Protection of Slovakia、Východoslovenská energetika Holding a.s.、stredoslovensk energetika a.s.和stredoslovensk energetika-Distribúcia, a.s.实施。该项目由EU-LIFE和斯洛伐克共和国环境部共同资助。[摘要][Medzinárodná]中国农业大学学报(自然科学版)25。- 27所示。2014年9月vs Penzióne Lesanka vs Košickej belejna斯洛文尼亚Zorganizovala ju Ochrana dravcov na Slovensku (RPS) v spolupraci年代Vychodoslovenskou energetikou控股主导者——Konferencia流星锤zamerana na pripravu podkladov pre aktualizaciu europskeho akcneho planu pre欧kriklaveho, zdielanie informacii o biologii ekologia druhu一na vymenu skusenosti年代osvedcenymi alebo inovativnymi opatreniami pre zachovanie欧kriklaveho。Konferencie sa zúcastnilo celkom 59 úcastníkov zo 14 krajín。Na konferencii odznelo 17 príspevkov a bolo prezentovaných 7 posterov。niektorz týchto príspevkov sú publikovanv casopise斯洛伐克猛禽杂志9 (2015)，dalších 23 príspevkov sú publikovanformou konferencných abstraktov。程序konferencie zahrnal aj 2 exkurzie, pocas ktorých mali úcastníci možnost vidiet ukážku inštalácie konzolových chrániciek na stlpoch 22 kV电汇通型电子汇通型电子汇通型电子汇通型电子汇通型电子汇通型电子汇通型电子汇通型电子汇通型。Konferencia bola organizovan v rámci projektu LIFE09NAT/SK/000396 Ochrana orla kriklavsamuna Slovensku, ktorý realizovala Ochrana dravcov na Slovensku, Východoslovenská energetika Holding a.s.， stredoslovensk energetika, a.s.a stredoslovensk energetika-Distribúcia, a.s. Projekt bol spolufinancovaný Európskou úniou prostredníctvom finannsamuv nástroja LIFE a Ministerstvom životného prostredia slovenskj republic。
{"title":"International Conference on the Conservation of the Lesser Spotted Eagle, Košická Belá, Slovakia, 2014","authors":"Z. Guziová, M. Dravecký","doi":"10.1515/SRJ-2015-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/SRJ-2015-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The International Conference on the Conservation of the Lesser Spotted Eagle (Aquila pomarina) was held on September 25-27, 2014 in Lesanka Gesthouse at Košická Belá, Slovakia. It was organised by Raptor Protection of Slovakia (RPS) in cooperation with Východoslovenská energetika Holding a.s. The conference dealt with (i) delivering further inputs for updating the European Action Plan for the species, (ii) sharing information on biology and ecology of the species, and (iii) exchange of experience with best practice and innovative species conservation measures. A total of 59 participants from 1 4 countries attended the conference. The agenda included 17 presentations and 7 posters. Some of the contributions are published in Slovak Raptor Journal volume 9 (2015) as full papers, and a further 23 contributions are published as abstracts. The conference also included two field trips during which participants had the opportunity to observe the installation of console barriers on poles of 22 kV power lines, and typical habitats of the lesser spotted eagle. The conference was organized within the framework of the project LIFE09NAT/SK/000396 Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia, implemented by Raptor Protection of Slovakia, Východoslovenská energetika Holding a.s., Stredoslovenská energetika, a.s. and Stredoslovenská energetika-Distribúcia, a.s. The project was cofinanced by EU-LIFE and the Ministry for Environment of the Slovak Republic. Abstrakt Medzinárodná konferencia o ochrane orla kriklavého (Aquila pomarina) sa konala 25. - 27. septembra 2014 v Penzióne Lesanka v Košickej Belej na Slovensku. Zorganizovala ju Ochrana dravcov na Slovensku (RPS) v spolupráci s Východoslovenskou energetikou Holding a.s. Konferencia bola zameraná na prípravu podkladov pre aktualizáciu európskeho akcného plánu pre orla kriklavého, zdielanie informácií o biológii a ekológia druhu a na výmenu skúseností s osvedcenými alebo inovatívnymi opatreniami pre zachovanie orla kriklavého. Konferencie sa zúcastnilo celkom 59 úcastníkov zo 14 krajín. Na konferencii odznelo 17 príspevkov a bolo prezentovaných 7 posterov. Niektoré z týchto príspevkov sú publikované v casopise Slovak Raptor Journal 9 (2015), dalších 23 príspevkov sú publikované formou konferencných abstraktov. Program konferencie zahrnal aj 2 exkurzie, pocas ktorých mali úcastníci možnost vidiet ukážku inštalácie konzolových chrániciek na stlpoch 22 kV elektrického vedenia a typické biotopy orla kriklavého. Konferencia bola organizovaná v rámci projektu LIFE09NAT/SK/000396 Ochrana orla kriklavého na Slovensku, ktorý realizovala Ochrana dravcov na Slovensku, Východoslovenská energetika Holding a.s., Stredoslovenská energetika, a.s. a Stredoslovenská energetika-Distribúcia, a.s. Projekt bol spolufinancovaný Európskou úniou prostredníctvom financného nástroja LIFE a Ministerstvom životného prostredia Slovenskej republiky.","PeriodicalId":56343,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Raptor Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75743079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Data on the food of the Eurasian pygmy owl in Slovakia was collected in 1999−2014 at 12 breeding locations in 7 mountain ranges of the Western Carpathian Mts and 1 range belonging to the Eastern Carpathian Mts. The basis of the evaluation of the food spectrum of prey of G. passerinum was the collection of pellets, osteological remnants and feathers from birds beneath nest cavities and roosting places of females in the months of May to July, that is, in the period of feeding young in the nest. Overall samples of food from 12 nests at elevations of 650−1,260 m a.s.l. were collected; from the largest of the three nests in the upper Nitra Region, from one nest in the Západné Tatry Mts and from three nests in the Volovské vrchy Mts. We compared these data with existing published data from Slovakia. A higher share of birds (65.0%) was found in the obtained material than mammals (34.8%). In the samples from 12 locations 10 species of mammals and 33 species of birds were found among the 377 individual prey samples. Among mammals, forest species of rodents predominated: Clethrionomys glareolus (22.8%) and Apodemus flavicollis (6.6%). The species Microtus arvalis (2.7%) was less abundant than in the stores of food from the Chocské vrchy Mts (35.4%). From the broad spectrum of songbirds, no species exceeded a presence of 7%. Species from the families Sylviidae, Turdidae, Paridae and Fringillidae were more numerous, while the species Phoenicurus phoenicurus, Motacilla alba, Carduelis cannabina, Dendrocopos minor and Passer domesticus were among the more uncommon prey. In total 582 individual prey were determined from the food remnants of G. passerinum in Slovakia (present study and other published studies). The species Clethrionomys glareolus occurred with a higher dominance than average in the pellets of G. passerinum in the mountains which border the region of the upper Nitra. In the Belianské Tatry Mts the most abundant rodent species was Terricola subterraneus, while in the mountains of eastern Slovakia the yellow-necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis was most often hunted, and of the songbirds, the coal tit Periparus ater. Among songbirds hunted near the breeding grounds of G. passerinum in the Považský Inovec Mts the collared flycatcher Ficedula albicollis was the most numerous. Among the most numerous songbirds which are evenly represented in all compared areas were: Regulus sp., Certhia familiaris, Poecile montanus and Cyanistes caeruleus. Abstrakt Údaje o potrave kuvicka vrabcieho na Slovensku boli zbierané v rokoch 1999 − 2014 na 12 hniezdnych lokalitách v 7 pohoriach Západných Karpát a 1 pohorí patriacom k Východnám Karpatom. Základom vyhodnotenia potravného spektra koristi G. passerinum bol zber vývržkov, osteologických zvyškov a peria z vtákov pod hniezdnymi dutinami i odpocinkovými miestami samíc v mesiacoch máj až júl, teda v období krmenia mládat na hniezde. Celkovo boli odobraté vzorky potravy od 12 hniezd v nadmorských výškach 650 − 12
本文于1999 ~ 2014年在斯洛伐克西部喀尔巴阡山脉的7个山脉和东部喀尔巴阡山脉的1个山脉的12个繁殖地点采集了欧亚侏儒猫头鹰的食物资料，并在5 ~ 7月收集了雀鸟窝穴和雌鸟栖息处的颗粒、骨残和羽毛，以此作为评价雀鸟猎物食物谱的基础。在哺育雏鸟的时期。收集了海拔650 ~ 1260 m的12个巢穴的食物样本;来自上尼特拉地区三个巢中最大的一个巢，来自Západné Tatry Mts的一个巢和volovskevrchy Mts的三个巢。我们将这些数据与斯洛伐克现有公布的数据进行了比较。所得材料中鸟类的比例(65.0%)高于哺乳动物(34.8%)。在12个地点的377个单个猎物样本中，发现了10种哺乳动物和33种鸟类。哺乳动物中以森林种啮齿动物为主，分别为大角鼠(22.8%)和黄斑姬鼠(6.6%)。小仓鼠(2.7%)在食物储藏中较少，而在食物储藏中较少(35.4%)。从鸣禽的广谱来看，没有一个物种的存在率超过7%。其中，狐蝠科、狐蝠科、狐蝠科和狐蝠科的种类较多，而腓蝠科、白蝠科、大麻Carduelis、小树蕨科和家蝇科的种类较少。从斯洛伐克的雀尾蝉的食物残渣中共测定了582个个体猎物(本研究和其他已发表的研究)。在与上尼特拉地区接壤的山区中，金丝金雀花的球团优势度高于平均水平。在beliansk Tatry山区，最丰富的啮齿动物种类是Terricola subterraneus，而在斯洛伐克东部的山区，黄颈鼠Apodemus flavicollis最常被猎杀，在鸣禽中，煤雀Periparus ater最常被猎杀。在Považský invec山雀形虫繁殖地附近捕获的鸣禽中，以白颈捕蝇者数量最多。在所有比较地区分布均匀的鸣鸟中，数量最多的是:Regulus sp.、Certhia familiaris、Poecile montanus和Cyanistes caeruleus。[摘要]Údaje o potrave kuvicka vrabcieho na Slovensku boli zbieran v rokoch 1999 - 2014 na 12 hniezdnych lokalitách v 7 pohoriach Západných Karpát a 1 pohorí patriacom k Východnám Karpatom。Zakladom vyhodnotenia potravneho spektra koristi g . passerinum波尔zb vyvržkov, osteologickych zvyškov peria z vtakov pod hniezdnymi dutinami我odpocinkovymi miestami samic v mesiacoch majž7月,泰达v obdobi krmenia mladat na hniezde。Celkovo boli odobrat vzorky potravy od 12 hnied v nadmorských výškach 650 ~ 1260 m n. m;z toho najväcšie od troch hniezd na Hornom Ponitrí， z jedn诈骗者hniezda v Západných Tatrách a z troch hniezd vo Volovských vrchoch。Tieto dáta sme porovnali s ukv publikovanými údajmi z územia Slovenska。V získanom materiáli bol determinovaný vyšší podiel vtákov (65.0%) nekv cicavcov(34.8%)。V súbore z 12 lokalít sa medzi 377 jedincami koristi zistilo 10 druhov cicavcov a 33 druhov vtákov。Medzi cicavcami prevažovali lesn druhy hlodavcov:绿腹姬鼠(22.8%)和黄斑姬鼠(6.6%)。Microtus arvalis (2,7%) bol menej pocetný nerov zásobárnach potravy z Chocských vrchov(35.4%)。Z bohatacho spectra spevavcov žiaden druh nepresahoval占主导地位7%。Pocetnejšie boli druhy z celadí水蛭科，水蛭科，蛭蝇科;znezvycajnejších druhov koristi boli zistenaj druhy Phoenicurus Phoenicurus, Motacilla alba, Carduelis cannabina, denrocopos minor a Passer domesticus。Spolu bolo na Slovensku zo zvyškov potravy g.p雀鸟urcených 582 jedincov koristi (táto štúdia a dalšie ujeupublikovan práce)。S vyššou domindominou, nejesumárny priemer, sa vyskytoval Clethrionomys glareolus vývržkoch G. passerinum v . pohororiach, ktor ohranicujú región Hornej Nitry。V Belianskych Tatrách bol najpocetnejším hlodavcom druh Terricola subteraneus, V pohoriach východného Slovenska bola castejšie loven ryšavka黄斑姬鼠，zo spevavcov sýkorka Periparus ater。Medzi spevavcami lovenými pri hniezdení金盏花v Považskom Inovci bol pocetnejší muchárik白尺蠖。K najpocetnejším spevavcom, ktor sú rovnomerne zastúpené vo všetkých porovnávaných oblastiach, patria: Regulus sp.， Certhia familiaris, Poecile montanus和Cyanistes caeruleus。
{"title":"On the food of the Eurasian pygmy owl (Glaucidium passerinum) in Slovakia","authors":"Karol Šotnár, Samuel Pačenovský, J. Obuch","doi":"10.1515/srj-2015-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/srj-2015-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Data on the food of the Eurasian pygmy owl in Slovakia was collected in 1999−2014 at 12 breeding locations in 7 mountain ranges of the Western Carpathian Mts and 1 range belonging to the Eastern Carpathian Mts. The basis of the evaluation of the food spectrum of prey of G. passerinum was the collection of pellets, osteological remnants and feathers from birds beneath nest cavities and roosting places of females in the months of May to July, that is, in the period of feeding young in the nest. Overall samples of food from 12 nests at elevations of 650−1,260 m a.s.l. were collected; from the largest of the three nests in the upper Nitra Region, from one nest in the Západné Tatry Mts and from three nests in the Volovské vrchy Mts. We compared these data with existing published data from Slovakia. A higher share of birds (65.0%) was found in the obtained material than mammals (34.8%). In the samples from 12 locations 10 species of mammals and 33 species of birds were found among the 377 individual prey samples. Among mammals, forest species of rodents predominated: Clethrionomys glareolus (22.8%) and Apodemus flavicollis (6.6%). The species Microtus arvalis (2.7%) was less abundant than in the stores of food from the Chocské vrchy Mts (35.4%). From the broad spectrum of songbirds, no species exceeded a presence of 7%. Species from the families Sylviidae, Turdidae, Paridae and Fringillidae were more numerous, while the species Phoenicurus phoenicurus, Motacilla alba, Carduelis cannabina, Dendrocopos minor and Passer domesticus were among the more uncommon prey. In total 582 individual prey were determined from the food remnants of G. passerinum in Slovakia (present study and other published studies). The species Clethrionomys glareolus occurred with a higher dominance than average in the pellets of G. passerinum in the mountains which border the region of the upper Nitra. In the Belianské Tatry Mts the most abundant rodent species was Terricola subterraneus, while in the mountains of eastern Slovakia the yellow-necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis was most often hunted, and of the songbirds, the coal tit Periparus ater. Among songbirds hunted near the breeding grounds of G. passerinum in the Považský Inovec Mts the collared flycatcher Ficedula albicollis was the most numerous. Among the most numerous songbirds which are evenly represented in all compared areas were: Regulus sp., Certhia familiaris, Poecile montanus and Cyanistes caeruleus. Abstrakt Údaje o potrave kuvicka vrabcieho na Slovensku boli zbierané v rokoch 1999 − 2014 na 12 hniezdnych lokalitách v 7 pohoriach Západných Karpát a 1 pohorí patriacom k Východnám Karpatom. Základom vyhodnotenia potravného spektra koristi G. passerinum bol zber vývržkov, osteologických zvyškov a peria z vtákov pod hniezdnymi dutinami i odpocinkovými miestami samíc v mesiacoch máj až júl, teda v období krmenia mládat na hniezde. Celkovo boli odobraté vzorky potravy od 12 hniezd v nadmorských výškach 650 − 12","PeriodicalId":56343,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Raptor Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86392751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Dravecký, Boris Maderič, Ján Topercer, Ján Kicko, Š. Danko, D. Karaska, Z. Guziová, Karol Šotnár
Abstract Several estimates of the lesser spotted eagle breeding population in Slovakia were published in 1955-2002. In this study we estimate the breeding population of the lesser spotted eagle by 1997 and 2014. By 1997, the estimated size of the breeding population was 762 pairs. In 2002 an estimate of the population size by 2000 was published at 800-900 pairs. By 2014 we estimate the breeding population of the lesser spotted eagle in Slovakia at 600-800 pairs and the declining population trend in 2000-2013 at -23%. Our estimate is supported by the extrapolation from data obtained in 2011-2013 in eight selected Special Protection Areas (SPAs) within a framework of the project LIFE09 NAT/SK/000396 “Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia”. When analyzing abundance, density and trends in the species’ entire breeding range in Slovakia we first summarised the numbers of breeding pairs, their densities and trends within the selected SPAs and then explored the differences among them using ANOVA and cluster analysis. For the eight SPAs as a whole (n = 8) or partitioned by a grid of the Databank of Slovak Fauna (n = 119 squares) we calculated the interval estimates of the mean number of pairs (unweighted and weighted arithmetic means and medians). By summarising these estimates and extrapolating to the species’ entire breeding range in Slovakia (c. 28,935 km2) while increasing the sample size (n = 8, 9, 11 and 1 2 SPAs), the size estimates stabilise at a level of 670 (mean with 95%LCL = 507 and 95%UCL = 834) or 765 (median with 95%LCL = 393 and 95%UCL = 841 ) breeding pairs. The most reliable estimate of the breeding population of the lesser spotted eagle in Slovakia by 2014 is a median of 765 pairs with a 95% confidence interval from 393 to 841 pairs and an interquartile range from 418 to 835 pairs. We estimate a 23% decrease in the breeding population during 2000-2013, i.e. a small decrease -1 (20-49%). Three methods of estimating were used: 1 ) comparing the numbers of pairs in the selected SPAs between 2000 and 2014 - indicates a decrease of -26%; 2) comparing the numbers of pairs from long-term monitoring in five areas (orographic units Vihorlatské vrchy Mts, Laborecká vrchovina Upland, Volovské vrchy Mts, Orava and Horné Ponitrie Regions) by the 1990s and 2014 - indicates a decrease of -20%; 3) comparing the numbers of pairs by 1997 in selected areas within the boundaries of the current SPAs with the number of pairs in the same SPAs by 2014 - indicates a decrease of -23%. In the eight selected SPAs the estimated decline was even more pronounced, reaching a median trend of -35% in the 95% confidence interval from -54% to +25%. The estimate by 1997 fits in with an increasing trend of published breeding population estimates in Slovakia during 1955-2002. The estimate by 2014 is lower than the estimate by 2000, and for the first time ever a declining trend is recorded. By 2014 the breeding grounds of the lesser spotted eagle in Slovakia embrace an
1955年至2002年，斯洛伐克的小斑鹰繁殖种群进行了几次估计。在这项研究中，我们估计了1997年和2014年小斑鹰的繁殖种群。到1997年，估计繁殖种群的规模为762对。2002年公布的2000年人口规模估计为800-900对。到2014年，我们估计斯洛伐克小斑鹰的繁殖种群为600-800对，2000-2013年种群数量下降趋势为-23%。根据2011-2013年在LIFE09 NAT/SK/000396“斯洛伐克海葵保护”项目框架内八个选定的特别保护区(spa)获得的数据推断，我们的估计得到了支持。在分析斯洛伐克整个物种繁殖范围的丰度、密度和趋势时，我们首先总结了在选定的spa内繁殖对的数量、密度和趋势，然后使用方差分析和聚类分析探讨了它们之间的差异。对于8个spa作为一个整体(n = 8)或由斯洛伐克动物群数据库的网格划分(n = 119平方)，我们计算了平均对数的区间估计(未加权和加权算术平均值和中位数)。通过总结这些估计值并外推到该物种在斯洛伐克的整个繁殖范围(约28,935 km2)，同时增加样本量(n = 8,9,11和12个spa)，大小估计值稳定在670 (95%LCL = 507和95%UCL = 834)或765 (95%LCL = 393和95%UCL = 841)繁殖对的水平。到2014年，斯洛伐克小斑鹰繁殖种群的最可靠估计是765对，95%置信区间为393对至841对，四分位数范围为418对至835对。我们估计2000-2013年期间繁殖种群减少23%，即小幅减少-1(20-49%)。使用了三种估算方法:1)比较2000 - 2014年选定spa的成对数量-表明减少了-26%;2)比较20世纪90年代和2014年5个地区(地形单位vihorlatskovsvrchy Mts、laboreck<e:1> vrchovina旱地、volovskovsvrchy Mts、Orava和horn<s:1> Ponitrie地区)长期监测的成对数量，表明减少了-20%;(3)比较现时保护区范围内的选定地区在1997年的成对数目与在2014年的相同保护区的成对数目，结果显示减少了-23%。在八个选定的spa中，估计的下降更为明显，在-54%到+25%的95%置信区间内达到-35%的中位数趋势。1997年的估计与1955-2002年斯洛伐克公布的繁殖种群估计的增长趋势相吻合。2014年的估计低于2000年的估计，这是有史以来第一次出现下降趋势。到2014年，斯洛伐克小斑鹰的繁殖地面积约为28,935平方公里。估计有600-800对繁殖对，平均密度在2.1-2.8对之间。100 km-2。[摘要]Odhad pocetnosti hniezdnej populácie orla kriklavachiho na Slovensku bol publikovaný v rokoch 1955-2002。vtejto štúdii odhadujem pocetnost hniezdnej populácie orla kriklavizho krokom 1997 a 2014。K roku 1997 bol odhadnutý celkový pocet 762 párov。V roku 2002 bol publikovaný odhad pocetnosti k roku 2000 vo výške 800-900 párov。K roku 2014 odhadujeme pocetnost hniezdnej populácie orla kriklavsamho na Slovensku na 600-800 párov a klesajúci trend vývoja populácie v rokoch 2000-2013 premiere -23%。Náš odhad je podložený výsledkami extrapolácie údajov, získaných v rokoch 2011-2013 z ôsmich vybraných chránených vtácích území v rámci riešenia projektu LIFE09 NAT/SK/000396 " Ochrana orla kriklav<s:2> Slovensku "革命制度党štatistickej分析pocetnosti, hustot trendov pre cely区域hniezdneho警察širenia druhu na Slovensku中小企业vychadzali佐薇sumarizovanych poctov hniezdnych parov,我hustot trendov vo vybranych uzemiach z我stratifikacie podla vysledkov方差分析一个zhlukovej analyzy。Pre 8 chránených vtácích území vcelku (n = 8) i v clenení podla kvadrátov Databanky Fauny Slovenska (n = 119) sme vypocítali intervalov<e:1> odhady stredných hodnôt poctu párov (prost<s:1> i vážené artimetick<e:1> priemery a mediány)。我sumarizaciou pri postupnom zvacšovani vzorky (n = 8, 9, 11 12)一个extrapolaciou na cely区域hniezdneho警察širenia druhu na Slovensku 28 935平方公里(ca) sa vysledne odhady strednych hodnot stabilizovali na urovni 670 (aritmeticky priemer年代95%拼箱= 507 ucl 95% = 834)职责。765 (medián, 95%LCL = 393, 95%UCL = 841) hniezdnych párov。Ako najspolahlivejší odhad pocetnosti hniezdnej populácie orla kriklavsamho na Slovensku k roku 2014 vychádza medián 765 párov v 95% -nom intervale spolahlivosti od 393 do 841 párov a s medzikvartilovým rozpätím od 418 do 835 párov。 1955年至2002年，斯洛伐克的小斑鹰繁殖种群进行了几次估计。在这项研究中，我们估计了1997年和2014年小斑鹰的繁殖种群。到1997年，估计繁殖种群的规模为762对。2002年公布的2000年人口规模估计为800-9
{"title":"Abundance, distribution and trend of the lesser spotted eagle (Aquila pomarina) breeding population in Slovakia","authors":"M. Dravecký, Boris Maderič, Ján Topercer, Ján Kicko, Š. Danko, D. Karaska, Z. Guziová, Karol Šotnár","doi":"10.1515/srj-2015-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/srj-2015-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Several estimates of the lesser spotted eagle breeding population in Slovakia were published in 1955-2002. In this study we estimate the breeding population of the lesser spotted eagle by 1997 and 2014. By 1997, the estimated size of the breeding population was 762 pairs. In 2002 an estimate of the population size by 2000 was published at 800-900 pairs. By 2014 we estimate the breeding population of the lesser spotted eagle in Slovakia at 600-800 pairs and the declining population trend in 2000-2013 at -23%. Our estimate is supported by the extrapolation from data obtained in 2011-2013 in eight selected Special Protection Areas (SPAs) within a framework of the project LIFE09 NAT/SK/000396 “Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia”. When analyzing abundance, density and trends in the species’ entire breeding range in Slovakia we first summarised the numbers of breeding pairs, their densities and trends within the selected SPAs and then explored the differences among them using ANOVA and cluster analysis. For the eight SPAs as a whole (n = 8) or partitioned by a grid of the Databank of Slovak Fauna (n = 119 squares) we calculated the interval estimates of the mean number of pairs (unweighted and weighted arithmetic means and medians). By summarising these estimates and extrapolating to the species’ entire breeding range in Slovakia (c. 28,935 km2) while increasing the sample size (n = 8, 9, 11 and 1 2 SPAs), the size estimates stabilise at a level of 670 (mean with 95%LCL = 507 and 95%UCL = 834) or 765 (median with 95%LCL = 393 and 95%UCL = 841 ) breeding pairs. The most reliable estimate of the breeding population of the lesser spotted eagle in Slovakia by 2014 is a median of 765 pairs with a 95% confidence interval from 393 to 841 pairs and an interquartile range from 418 to 835 pairs. We estimate a 23% decrease in the breeding population during 2000-2013, i.e. a small decrease -1 (20-49%). Three methods of estimating were used: 1 ) comparing the numbers of pairs in the selected SPAs between 2000 and 2014 - indicates a decrease of -26%; 2) comparing the numbers of pairs from long-term monitoring in five areas (orographic units Vihorlatské vrchy Mts, Laborecká vrchovina Upland, Volovské vrchy Mts, Orava and Horné Ponitrie Regions) by the 1990s and 2014 - indicates a decrease of -20%; 3) comparing the numbers of pairs by 1997 in selected areas within the boundaries of the current SPAs with the number of pairs in the same SPAs by 2014 - indicates a decrease of -23%. In the eight selected SPAs the estimated decline was even more pronounced, reaching a median trend of -35% in the 95% confidence interval from -54% to +25%. The estimate by 1997 fits in with an increasing trend of published breeding population estimates in Slovakia during 1955-2002. The estimate by 2014 is lower than the estimate by 2000, and for the first time ever a declining trend is recorded. By 2014 the breeding grounds of the lesser spotted eagle in Slovakia embrace an ","PeriodicalId":56343,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Raptor Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74067450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The International Conference on the Conservation of the Lesser Spotted Eagle (Aquila pomarina) was held on September 25-27, 2014 in Lesanka Guesthouse at Košická Belá, Slovakia. The Conference was organized within the framework of the project LIFE09NAT/SK/000396 Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia, implemented by Raptor Protection of Slovakia, Východoslovenská energetika, a.s., Stredoslovenská energetika, a.s., and Stredoslovenská energetika - Distribúcia, a.s. This project was cofinanced by EU-LIFE and the Ministry for the Environment of the Slovak Republic. A total of 59 participants from 14 countries attended the conference. The conference agenda included 17 presentations and 7 posters. Some of the contributions are published in Slovak Raptor Journal volume 9 (2015) as full papers, and a further 23 contributions are published here as conference abstracts.
{"title":"Abstracts of contributions presented at the International Conference on the Conservation of the Lesser Spotted Eagle, Slovakia, 2014","authors":"M. Dravecký, Z. Guziová","doi":"10.1515/srj-2015-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/srj-2015-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The International Conference on the Conservation of the Lesser Spotted Eagle (Aquila pomarina) was held on September 25-27, 2014 in Lesanka Guesthouse at Košická Belá, Slovakia. The Conference was organized within the framework of the project LIFE09NAT/SK/000396 Conservation of Aquila pomarina in Slovakia, implemented by Raptor Protection of Slovakia, Východoslovenská energetika, a.s., Stredoslovenská energetika, a.s., and Stredoslovenská energetika - Distribúcia, a.s. This project was cofinanced by EU-LIFE and the Ministry for the Environment of the Slovak Republic. A total of 59 participants from 14 countries attended the conference. The conference agenda included 17 presentations and 7 posters. Some of the contributions are published in Slovak Raptor Journal volume 9 (2015) as full papers, and a further 23 contributions are published here as conference abstracts.","PeriodicalId":56343,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Raptor Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78962954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Conservation of European ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus) has been supported by the LIFE - Nature project “Conservation of Falco cherrug in NE Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania and Slovakia” during the period 201 0-201 4. The project activities were usually focused on EGS reintroduction programmmes with the aim of ensuring the food base for selected species of birds in areas where EGS were the primary historical prey and have become extinct. Reintroduction programmes were carried out at two sites in Slovakia: Piesocná (Moravský Svätý Ján) and Pod Okrúhlou skalou (Tisovec). Together 1 74 individuals were released at Pod Okrúhlou skalou and 284 individuals at the Piesocná target site. Monitoring of both repatriated colonies focused on the natality and distribution area. At both target sites successful hibernation and reproduction have been confirmed. The repatriation date was strongly influenced by weather conditions, especially during the rainy season. It was necessary to cut the grass several times per season, in order to ensure appropriate conditions for individuals’ survival. It was also necessary to protect the individuals against predators. House cats tend to hunt squirrels, which can be considered as the most serious threat at the Piesocná site. Squirrels at the Pod Okrúhlou skalou site were overly attacked by foxes. Intensive care (especially appropriate management of sites and additional feeding) ensured good stability of colonies, their survival and increase
{"title":"Conservation of European ground squirrel (Mammalia: Rodentia) in Slovakia: Results of current reintroduction programme","authors":"Denisa Löbbová, E. Hapl","doi":"10.2478/srj-2014-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/srj-2014-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Conservation of European ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus) has been supported by the LIFE - Nature project “Conservation of Falco cherrug in NE Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania and Slovakia” during the period 201 0-201 4. The project activities were usually focused on EGS reintroduction programmmes with the aim of ensuring the food base for selected species of birds in areas where EGS were the primary historical prey and have become extinct. Reintroduction programmes were carried out at two sites in Slovakia: Piesocná (Moravský Svätý Ján) and Pod Okrúhlou skalou (Tisovec). Together 1 74 individuals were released at Pod Okrúhlou skalou and 284 individuals at the Piesocná target site. Monitoring of both repatriated colonies focused on the natality and distribution area. At both target sites successful hibernation and reproduction have been confirmed. The repatriation date was strongly influenced by weather conditions, especially during the rainy season. It was necessary to cut the grass several times per season, in order to ensure appropriate conditions for individuals’ survival. It was also necessary to protect the individuals against predators. House cats tend to hunt squirrels, which can be considered as the most serious threat at the Piesocná site. Squirrels at the Pod Okrúhlou skalou site were overly attacked by foxes. Intensive care (especially appropriate management of sites and additional feeding) ensured good stability of colonies, their survival and increase","PeriodicalId":56343,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Raptor Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78147426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
József Fidlóczky, J. Bagyura, K. Nagy, T. Szitta, L. Haraszthy, P. Tóth
Abstract Bird conservation on electricity transmission lines has a 40-year history in Hungary. It started with the saker conservation program. The initial small-scale activities were considerably enlarged through the LIFE projects. In the first project, 301 nest boxes for sakers of a new type made of aluminium were installed on pylons of high-voltage transmission lines. In 201 3 nearly 70% of saker pairs nested in these new boxes. An estimated 1 00 000 different birds used to be killed annually on the transmission line pylons in Hungary. During the two LIFE projects about 1 4 300 pylons were made bird-safe using improved technology and materials. Nearly 800 new bird-safe crossarms of pylons are being installed in the second project, which is expected to completely eradicate the danger Abstrakt Ochrana vtáctva na elektrickom vedení má v Madarsku 40-rocnú tradíciu. Zacala s programom na ochranu sokola rároha. Pociatocné maloplošné aktivity sa znacne rozšírili v rámci projektov LIFE. Pocas prvého projektu bolo na stlpy vysokého napätia umiestnených 301 hliníkových hniezdnych búdok nového typu pre rároha. V roku 201 3 hniezdilo v týchto búdkach takmer 70 % párov sokola rároha. Odhaduje sa, že rocne zahynulo na stlpoch elektrického vedenia v Madarsku 1 00 000 jedincov vtákov. V rámci dvoch projektov LIFE bolo 1 4 300 stlpov ošetrených tak, že sa stali bezpecnými pre vtáctvo. Pocas druhého projektu sa na stlpy nainštaluje takmer 800 nových, pre vtáky bezpecných konzol, vdaka comu ocakávame kompletné odstránenie rizika úrazov vtáctva spôsobených elektrickým prúdom
在匈牙利，输电线路上的鸟类保护已有40年的历史。它始于saker保护计划。最初的小规模活动通过生命项目大大扩大。在第一个项目中，301个用于新型铝制保险箱的巢箱被安装在高压输电线路的塔架上。2013年，近70%的萨克夫妇在这些新盒子里筑巢。据估计，在匈牙利，每年有10万只不同的鸟类在输电线塔上被杀死。在这两个生命工程项目中，约有1 4300个塔架采用改良的技术和材料，以确保鸟类的安全。在第二个项目中，将安装近800个新的鸟类安全交叉塔，预计将彻底消除危险。Zacala的程序na ochranu sokola rároha。pociatocn maloplošné活动sa znacne rozšírili v rámci项目生命。Pocas prvvac项目bolo na时髦vysokvac napätia umiestnených 301 hliníkových hniezdnych búdok novvac typu pre rároha。V roku 2013 hniezdilo V týchto búdkach takmer 70% párov sokola rároha。Odhaduje sa， že rocne zahynulo na stpoch - kktricksamho vedenia v Madarsku 10万jedincovtákov。V rámci dvoch projektov LIFE bolo 1 4 300 stlpov ošetrených tak， že sa stali bezpecnými pre vtáctvo。Pocas druhvac projektu sa na时尚nainštaluje takmer 800 nových, pre vtáky bezpecných konzol, vdaka comu ocakávame kompletn odstránenie rizika úrazov vtáctva spôsobených elektrickým prúdom
{"title":"Bird conservation on electric-power lines in Hungary: Nest boxes for saker falcon and avian protection against electrocutions. Projects' report","authors":"József Fidlóczky, J. Bagyura, K. Nagy, T. Szitta, L. Haraszthy, P. Tóth","doi":"10.2478/srj-2014-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/srj-2014-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Bird conservation on electricity transmission lines has a 40-year history in Hungary. It started with the saker conservation program. The initial small-scale activities were considerably enlarged through the LIFE projects. In the first project, 301 nest boxes for sakers of a new type made of aluminium were installed on pylons of high-voltage transmission lines. In 201 3 nearly 70% of saker pairs nested in these new boxes. An estimated 1 00 000 different birds used to be killed annually on the transmission line pylons in Hungary. During the two LIFE projects about 1 4 300 pylons were made bird-safe using improved technology and materials. Nearly 800 new bird-safe crossarms of pylons are being installed in the second project, which is expected to completely eradicate the danger Abstrakt Ochrana vtáctva na elektrickom vedení má v Madarsku 40-rocnú tradíciu. Zacala s programom na ochranu sokola rároha. Pociatocné maloplošné aktivity sa znacne rozšírili v rámci projektov LIFE. Pocas prvého projektu bolo na stlpy vysokého napätia umiestnených 301 hliníkových hniezdnych búdok nového typu pre rároha. V roku 201 3 hniezdilo v týchto búdkach takmer 70 % párov sokola rároha. Odhaduje sa, že rocne zahynulo na stlpoch elektrického vedenia v Madarsku 1 00 000 jedincov vtákov. V rámci dvoch projektov LIFE bolo 1 4 300 stlpov ošetrených tak, že sa stali bezpecnými pre vtáctvo. Pocas druhého projektu sa na stlpy nainštaluje takmer 800 nových, pre vtáky bezpecných konzol, vdaka comu ocakávame kompletné odstránenie rizika úrazov vtáctva spôsobených elektrickým prúdom","PeriodicalId":56343,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Raptor Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73053806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Chavko, Roman Slobodník, L. Deutschová, J. Lipták, J. Mihók, J. Obuch, V. Nemček
Abstract From October 201 0 until December 201 4 the LIFE09 NAT/HU/000384 project was implemented in four Special Protected Areas in Slovakia. The recent project was complementary to a previous LIFE project implemented between 2006 and 201 0. Both projects supported regular monitoring of the population of saker falcon and new approaches to conservation of the species. The LIFE09 project helped to increase knowledge about the prey composition and the behaviour of the species. The population was strongly affected in 201 3 by extremely bad weather conditions (1 .79 fledglings/breeding attempt). Although the total number of saker falcon pairs in Slovakia is thought to be higher, 31 pairs were breeding in 201 4. By analysis of the diet (2991 individuals), 47 prey species were identified, from which birds were predominant (80%). More than half of the diet consisted of feral pigeons (Columba livia f. domestica) (59%) Abstrakt Od októbra 201 0 do decembra 201 4 bol realizovaný projekt LIFE09 NAT/HU/000384 v štyroch Chránených vtácích územiach na Slovensku. Projekt nadviazal na predchádzajúci LIFE projekt, realizovaný v rokoch 2006 až 201 0. Oba projekty podporovali pravidelné sledovanie populácie sokola rároha a nové prístupy pre zachovanie druhu. Projekt LIFE09 prispel k zvýšeniu poznatkov o zložení potravy a rovnako aj o správaní sa tohto druhu. Populácia bola silne ovplyvnená v roku 201 3 mimoriadne zlými poveternostnými podmienkami pocasia (1 ,79 vyleteného mládata na zapocaté hniezdenie). Aj ked sa predpokladá, že celková populácia je vyššia, v roku 201 4 bolo zistených na Slovensku spolu 31 párov sokola rároha. Analýzou potravy (2991 jedincov), bolo identifikovaných 47 druhov koristi, z ktorých vtáky boli dominantné (80 %). Viac ako polovicu potravy tvoril holub domáci (Columba livia f. domestica) (59 %)
从2010年10月到2014年12月，LIFE09 NAT/HU/000384项目在斯洛伐克的四个特别保护区实施。最近的项目是对2006年至2010年间实施的LIFE项目的补充。这两个项目都支持定期监测萨克猎鹰的数量，并采取新的方法保护该物种。LIFE09项目有助于增加对猎物组成和该物种行为的了解。2013年，极端恶劣的天气条件严重影响了种群数量(1.79只雏鸟/繁殖尝试)。尽管斯洛伐克的萨克猎鹰的总数被认为更高，但在2014年有31对在繁殖。通过对2991只食性的分析，鉴定出47种猎物，其中以鸟类为主(80%)。饲粮中超过一半是野鸽(Columba livia f. domestica)(59%)。摘要:Od októbra 2010 do decembra 2014 bol realizovaný projekt LIFE09 NAT/HU/000384 v štyroch Chránených vtácích územiach na Slovensku。项目研究进展predchádzajúci生命项目研究进展，realizovaný v rokoch 2006 azo 2010。奥巴马项目podporovali pravideln sledovanie populácie sokola rároha a nove prístupy pre zachovanie druhu。项目LIFE09 pripel zvýšeniu poznatkov到zložení potravy和rovnako到správaní sa到druhu。Populácia bola silne ovplyvnenen v roku 2013 mimoriadne zlými poveternostnými podmienkami pocasia (1,79 vleten mládata na zapocat hniezdenie)。Aj k sa predpoklad， že celkov populácia je vyššia, v roku 201 bolo zistených na Slovensku spolu 31 párov sokola rároha。Analýzou potravy (2991 jedincov)， bolo identifikovaných 47 druhov koristi, z ktorých vtáky boli占主导地位(80%)。Viac ako polovicu potravy tvoril holub domáci (Columba livia . domestic) (59%)
{"title":"The saker falcon (Falco cherrug) population, diet and nest boxes in Slovakia: LIFE-project report 2011–2014","authors":"J. Chavko, Roman Slobodník, L. Deutschová, J. Lipták, J. Mihók, J. Obuch, V. Nemček","doi":"10.2478/srj-2014-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/srj-2014-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract From October 201 0 until December 201 4 the LIFE09 NAT/HU/000384 project was implemented in four Special Protected Areas in Slovakia. The recent project was complementary to a previous LIFE project implemented between 2006 and 201 0. Both projects supported regular monitoring of the population of saker falcon and new approaches to conservation of the species. The LIFE09 project helped to increase knowledge about the prey composition and the behaviour of the species. The population was strongly affected in 201 3 by extremely bad weather conditions (1 .79 fledglings/breeding attempt). Although the total number of saker falcon pairs in Slovakia is thought to be higher, 31 pairs were breeding in 201 4. By analysis of the diet (2991 individuals), 47 prey species were identified, from which birds were predominant (80%). More than half of the diet consisted of feral pigeons (Columba livia f. domestica) (59%) Abstrakt Od októbra 201 0 do decembra 201 4 bol realizovaný projekt LIFE09 NAT/HU/000384 v štyroch Chránených vtácích územiach na Slovensku. Projekt nadviazal na predchádzajúci LIFE projekt, realizovaný v rokoch 2006 až 201 0. Oba projekty podporovali pravidelné sledovanie populácie sokola rároha a nové prístupy pre zachovanie druhu. Projekt LIFE09 prispel k zvýšeniu poznatkov o zložení potravy a rovnako aj o správaní sa tohto druhu. Populácia bola silne ovplyvnená v roku 201 3 mimoriadne zlými poveternostnými podmienkami pocasia (1 ,79 vyleteného mládata na zapocaté hniezdenie). Aj ked sa predpokladá, že celková populácia je vyššia, v roku 201 4 bolo zistených na Slovensku spolu 31 párov sokola rároha. Analýzou potravy (2991 jedincov), bolo identifikovaných 47 druhov koristi, z ktorých vtáky boli dominantné (80 %). Viac ako polovicu potravy tvoril holub domáci (Columba livia f. domestica) (59 %)","PeriodicalId":56343,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Raptor Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73926227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hasber Salim, Hafidzi Mohd Noor, D. Omar, N. H. Hamid, Mohd Rizuan Zainal Abidin, A. Kasim, Hasber Salim, Che Salmah Md Rawi, A. H. Ahmad
Abstract This study investigated the effects of the first generation anticoagulant rodenticide chlorophacinone and the second generation rodenticide bromadiolone on the population and breeding performances of barn owls at oil palm plantations. Three treatment plots were established: one baited with chlorophacinone, one with bromadiolone, and the third kept rodenticide-free. Four rat-baiting campaigns which coincided with barn owl breeding season were carried in the rodenticide-treated plots. The occupancy rate of nest boxes, clutch size, brood size and fledging rates of the barn owls in each plot were monitored weekly throughout the study. Freshly regurgitated pellets from barn owls were collected from all occupied nest boxes at weekly intervals during the development of nestlings in each breeding season. The results show that the occupancy rate of the nest boxes was significantly higher in the rodenticide-free area compared with both rodenticide-treated areas. Similarly, the breeding performances, such as clutch size, brood size and fledging success, were higher in the rodenticide-free area compared with the rodenticide-treated areas. Results of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that 20.56% (mean residue: 1 .335 ± 0.073 lg/g) and 28.89% (mean residue: 0.777 ± 0.032 lg/g) of the collected regurgitated pellet samples from the rodenticide-treated areas contained bromadiolone and chlorophacinone residue, respectively. The mean brood size and fledging success of the barn owls showed a strong negative correlation with the mean concentration of rodenticide residues present in the regurgitated pellets and with the percentages of pellets detected having such residues (R2 k 0.44, P < 0.05). Similarly, the mean clutch size of barn owls was negatively correlated with the mean concentration of rodenticide residues and with the percentages of pellets detected with these residues. However, the correlation was not significantly different (R2 k 0.34, P > 0.05). In general, the higher the amount of residues detected, the lower the breeding performance parameters measured in this study Abstrakt Štúdia skúma vplyv prvej generácie antikoagulacného rodenticídu chlórofacinonu a druhej generácie bromadiolonu na parametre hniezdenej úspešnosti plamienky driemavej na plantážach palmy olejovej. Založili sa tri pokusné plochy: jedna ošetrená chlórofacinonom, dalšia s bromadiolonom a tretia kontrolná bez rodenticídu. Na chemicky ošetrených plochách sa pocas hniezdnej sezóny rodenticíd vykladal štyri krát. Obsadenost hniezdnych búdok, velkost znášky, pocet vyliahnutých mládat a podiel vyletených mládat plamienky sa zistovali v týždenných intervaloch. Z obsadených hniezd sa tiež v týždenných intervaloch zbierali vývržky. Z výsledkov vyplýva, že podiel obsadených búdok bol štatisticky významne vyšší na chemicky neošetrenej ploche než na plochách s vyloženou otrávenou návnadou. Rovnako aj parametre hniezdenia - velkost znášky, pocet vyliahnutých mlád
摘要本研究研究了第一代抗凝血灭鼠剂氯伐西酮和第二代灭鼠剂溴敌隆对油棕林仓鸮种群数量和繁殖性能的影响。设3个处理区，1个以氯伐西酮为饵，1个以溴代洛酮为饵，3个不作灭鼠剂。在杀鼠剂处理的田块中进行了四次鼠饵活动，同时进行了仓鸮繁殖季节。在整个研究过程中，每周监测各样地仓鸮的巢箱占用率、窝卵数、窝卵数和羽化率。在每个繁殖季节的雏鸟发育期间，每隔一周从所有占用的巢箱中收集新鲜的仓鸮反刍颗粒。结果表明:无灭鼠区巢箱占用率明显高于灭鼠区和灭鼠区;同样，无灭鼠区雏鸟的产卵量、孵化量和羽化成功率均高于灭鼠区。高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析结果显示，灭鼠区反流颗粒样品中溴代隆和氯伐西酮的残留量分别为20.56%(平均残留量为1.335±0.073 lg/g)和28.89%(平均残留量为0.777±0.032 lg/g)。仓鸮的平均窝仔数和羽化成功率与反喂丸中平均杀鼠剂残留量和检出率呈极显著负相关(R2 k = 0.44, P < 0.05)。同样，仓鸮的平均窝卵数与平均杀鼠剂残留浓度和检测到这些残留的颗粒百分比呈负相关。但相关性无显著差异(R2 k 0.34, P > 0.05)。一般来说,残留检测的数量越高,越低繁殖性能参数测量在这个研究AbstraktŠtudia skuma vplyv prvej generacie antikoagulacneho rodenticidu chlorofacinonu一druhej generacie bromadiolonu na量hniezdenej uspešnosti plamienky driemavej na足底žach繁荣的olejovej。Založili sa tri pokusn plochy: jedna ošetrená chlórofacinonom, dalšia s brobrodiolom和tretia control: nbez rodenticídu。Na化学ošetrených plochách sa pocas hniezdnej sezóny rodenticíd vykladal štyri krát。obsadenst hniezdnych búdok, velkost znášky, pocet vyliahnutých mládat a podiel vyletených mládat plamienky sa zistovali v týždenných intervaloch。Z obsadených hniezd sa tiezov týždenných intervaloch zbierali vývržky。Z výsledkov vyplýva， že podiel obsadených búdok bol štatisticky významne vyšší na chemicky neošetrenej ploche nejena plochách s vyloženou otrávenou návnadou。Rovnako aj参数hniezdenia - velkost znášky, pocet vyliahnutých mládat a pocet vyletených mládat - dosahovali vyšších hodnôt na neošetrenej ploche。Z vysledkov Z vysokoucinnej kvapalinovej chromatografie(高效液相色谱)vyplyvaže 20, 56% (priemerna koncentracia rezidui: 1, 335±0073年lg / g)一个28岁的89% (priemerna koncentracia rezidui: 0777±0032年lg / g) Z vyvržkov zozbieranych v rodenticidom ošetrenych plochach obsahovalo rezidua bromadiolonu alebo chlorofacinonu。priemern velkost znášky a pocet vyletených mládat negatívne korelovali s priemernou koncentráciou rezíduí rodenticídov vo vývržkoch a s relatívnym podielom vývržkov obsahujúcich tieto rezíduá (R2 k 0.44, P < 0.05)。Negatívne koreloval s týmito charteristikami aj priemerný pocet vyliahnutých mládat, avšak štatisticky nevýznamne (R2 k 0.34, P > 0.05)。Zovšeobecnujúc možno konštatovat， že cím vyššie bolo množstvo chemických rezíduí vo vývržkoch, tým nižšie boli参数hniezdnej úspešnosti
{"title":"Sub-lethal effects of the anticoagulant rodenticides bromadiolone and chlorophacinone on breeding performances of the barn owl (Tyto alba) in oil palm plantations","authors":"Hasber Salim, Hafidzi Mohd Noor, D. Omar, N. H. Hamid, Mohd Rizuan Zainal Abidin, A. Kasim, Hasber Salim, Che Salmah Md Rawi, A. H. Ahmad","doi":"10.2478/srj-2014-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/srj-2014-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study investigated the effects of the first generation anticoagulant rodenticide chlorophacinone and the second generation rodenticide bromadiolone on the population and breeding performances of barn owls at oil palm plantations. Three treatment plots were established: one baited with chlorophacinone, one with bromadiolone, and the third kept rodenticide-free. Four rat-baiting campaigns which coincided with barn owl breeding season were carried in the rodenticide-treated plots. The occupancy rate of nest boxes, clutch size, brood size and fledging rates of the barn owls in each plot were monitored weekly throughout the study. Freshly regurgitated pellets from barn owls were collected from all occupied nest boxes at weekly intervals during the development of nestlings in each breeding season. The results show that the occupancy rate of the nest boxes was significantly higher in the rodenticide-free area compared with both rodenticide-treated areas. Similarly, the breeding performances, such as clutch size, brood size and fledging success, were higher in the rodenticide-free area compared with the rodenticide-treated areas. Results of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that 20.56% (mean residue: 1 .335 ± 0.073 lg/g) and 28.89% (mean residue: 0.777 ± 0.032 lg/g) of the collected regurgitated pellet samples from the rodenticide-treated areas contained bromadiolone and chlorophacinone residue, respectively. The mean brood size and fledging success of the barn owls showed a strong negative correlation with the mean concentration of rodenticide residues present in the regurgitated pellets and with the percentages of pellets detected having such residues (R2 k 0.44, P < 0.05). Similarly, the mean clutch size of barn owls was negatively correlated with the mean concentration of rodenticide residues and with the percentages of pellets detected with these residues. However, the correlation was not significantly different (R2 k 0.34, P > 0.05). In general, the higher the amount of residues detected, the lower the breeding performance parameters measured in this study Abstrakt Štúdia skúma vplyv prvej generácie antikoagulacného rodenticídu chlórofacinonu a druhej generácie bromadiolonu na parametre hniezdenej úspešnosti plamienky driemavej na plantážach palmy olejovej. Založili sa tri pokusné plochy: jedna ošetrená chlórofacinonom, dalšia s bromadiolonom a tretia kontrolná bez rodenticídu. Na chemicky ošetrených plochách sa pocas hniezdnej sezóny rodenticíd vykladal štyri krát. Obsadenost hniezdnych búdok, velkost znášky, pocet vyliahnutých mládat a podiel vyletených mládat plamienky sa zistovali v týždenných intervaloch. Z obsadených hniezd sa tiež v týždenných intervaloch zbierali vývržky. Z výsledkov vyplýva, že podiel obsadených búdok bol štatisticky významne vyšší na chemicky neošetrenej ploche než na plochách s vyloženou otrávenou návnadou. Rovnako aj parametre hniezdenia - velkost znášky, pocet vyliahnutých mlád","PeriodicalId":56343,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Raptor Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75729422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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