Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.1108/dprg-12-2022-0149
S. Hussain, Abdul Rasheed
Purpose The purpose of this paper financial technology (FinTech) revolutions are promptly remodelling the worldwide financial industry and facilitating financial inclusion initiatives with the aid of micro-finance institutions. Such hi-tech modifications are anticipated to sell the stableness of the financial system and lessen its predominant actors’ risk-taking behaviour. However, there needs to be more practical proof to guide the effect of financial inclusion based on financial technology on the risky behaviour of South Asia micro-finance institutes. Design/methodology/approach Therefore, the authors industrialised a fresh index to calculate financial inclusion based on financial technology and empirically measure its position in decreasing the risk-taking approach of micro-finance institutes. The use of numerous robustness examinations endorsed the rationality of the authors’ outcomes. Findings Z-scoring or standard scoring outcomes of FinInc support the extant studies displaying its incredible connection with economic stability, which interprets as a terrible courting with risky behaviour of micro-finance institutes. Consequently, the authors highlighted the significance of the universality and openness of financial technology solutions in minimising risk of micro-finance institutes. Moreover, the authors concluded that financial technology is greater related to small-size micro-finance institutes. Originality/value This study currently focusing South Asia, which has not been explored before, and it is the first time to research financial inclusion with Fintech in this area.
{"title":"Financial inclusion based on financial technology and risky behaviour of micro-finance institutes: evidence from South Asian micro-finance banks","authors":"S. Hussain, Abdul Rasheed","doi":"10.1108/dprg-12-2022-0149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-12-2022-0149","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this paper financial technology (FinTech) revolutions are promptly remodelling the worldwide financial industry and facilitating financial inclusion initiatives with the aid of micro-finance institutions. Such hi-tech modifications are anticipated to sell the stableness of the financial system and lessen its predominant actors’ risk-taking behaviour. However, there needs to be more practical proof to guide the effect of financial inclusion based on financial technology on the risky behaviour of South Asia micro-finance institutes.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Therefore, the authors industrialised a fresh index to calculate financial inclusion based on financial technology and empirically measure its position in decreasing the risk-taking approach of micro-finance institutes. The use of numerous robustness examinations endorsed the rationality of the authors’ outcomes.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Z-scoring or standard scoring outcomes of FinInc support the extant studies displaying its incredible connection with economic stability, which interprets as a terrible courting with risky behaviour of micro-finance institutes. Consequently, the authors highlighted the significance of the universality and openness of financial technology solutions in minimising risk of micro-finance institutes. Moreover, the authors concluded that financial technology is greater related to small-size micro-finance institutes.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study currently focusing South Asia, which has not been explored before, and it is the first time to research financial inclusion with Fintech in this area.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"193 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83076340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-08DOI: 10.1108/dprg-09-2022-0111
Samit Tripathy, A. Sengupta, Amalendu Jyotishi
Purpose In recent times, high demand for cloud-based services has led to substantial focus in extant literature from technological and business perspectives. However, the prevailing market imperfections have not drawn much interest. This study aims to emphasize on potential sources of market imperfections from new institutional economics (NIE) perspective and attempts to bring forth the importance of public policy in cloud computing ecosystem. Design/methodology/approach This study takes a review-based deductive approach to present a set of propositions which highlight potential causes leading to suboptimal performance of cloud-based services. Findings Lack of clarity around ownership and property rights, high asset specificity, existence of information asymmetry and bounded rationality of the provider and consumer, lead to higher transaction cost for providers and consumers, discouraging participation. This would lead to moral hazard and adverse selection and create market imperfections. Appropriate contractual guidelines, standards, legal framework and policy measures will reduce the risk of such imperfections. Research limitations/implications As the focus of the study is to forward the propositions and not to empirically test them, future researchers can adopt data-driven studies to validate those propositions. Practical implications To ensure equity in the cloud-market, government and industry bodies should work towards enabling both the small and large players to use cloud-based services efficiently and effectively. Appropriate public policy measures can help remove potential market imperfections, encourage better participation and adoption of cloud-based services. Originality/value This study identifies potential market imperfections in cloud computing ecosystem through the lens of the theoretical frameworks of NIE.
{"title":"Looming market failure in cloud computing: a new institutional economics perspective","authors":"Samit Tripathy, A. Sengupta, Amalendu Jyotishi","doi":"10.1108/dprg-09-2022-0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-09-2022-0111","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000In recent times, high demand for cloud-based services has led to substantial focus in extant literature from technological and business perspectives. However, the prevailing market imperfections have not drawn much interest. This study aims to emphasize on potential sources of market imperfections from new institutional economics (NIE) perspective and attempts to bring forth the importance of public policy in cloud computing ecosystem.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study takes a review-based deductive approach to present a set of propositions which highlight potential causes leading to suboptimal performance of cloud-based services.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Lack of clarity around ownership and property rights, high asset specificity, existence of information asymmetry and bounded rationality of the provider and consumer, lead to higher transaction cost for providers and consumers, discouraging participation. This would lead to moral hazard and adverse selection and create market imperfections. Appropriate contractual guidelines, standards, legal framework and policy measures will reduce the risk of such imperfections.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000As the focus of the study is to forward the propositions and not to empirically test them, future researchers can adopt data-driven studies to validate those propositions.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000To ensure equity in the cloud-market, government and industry bodies should work towards enabling both the small and large players to use cloud-based services efficiently and effectively. Appropriate public policy measures can help remove potential market imperfections, encourage better participation and adoption of cloud-based services.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study identifies potential market imperfections in cloud computing ecosystem through the lens of the theoretical frameworks of NIE.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"254 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91323135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.1108/dprg-12-2022-0150
E. Punt, Jochen Monstadt, S. Frank, P. Witte
Purpose Cyber resilience has emerged as an approach for seaports to deal with cyberattacks; it emphasizes ports’ ability to prepare for an attack and to keep operating and recover quickly. However, little research has been undertaken on the challenges of governing cyber risks in seaports. This study aims to address this gap. Design/methodology/approach Governing cyber resilience is shaped by distributed responsibilities, uncertainties and ambiguities. The authors use this conceptualization to explore the governance of cyber risks in seaports, taking the Port of Rotterdam as a case study and analyzing semistructured interviews with stakeholders, participatory observation and policy documents and legislation. Findings The authors found that many strategies for governing cyber risks remain dedicated to protecting computer systems against cyberattacks. Nevertheless, port stakeholders have also developed strategies in anticipation of disruptions. However, these strategies appear informal and uncoordinated due to a lack of information exchange, insufficient knowledge regarding cyber risks and disagreement about how to make the Port of Rotterdam cyber resilient. What mainly hampers the cyber resilience of the port is the lack of a comprehensive regulatory framework and economic incentives. The authors conclude that resilience is merely an ideal at the Port of Rotterdam, meaning related governance strategies remain incremental and await institutionalization. Originality/value This paper offers insights into the cyber resilience of critical socio-technical systems, which have been underexposed in cyber resilience debates, but, when exploited, can manifest in large-scale disruptions.
{"title":"Navigating cyber resilience in seaports: challenges of preparing for cyberattacks at the Port of Rotterdam","authors":"E. Punt, Jochen Monstadt, S. Frank, P. Witte","doi":"10.1108/dprg-12-2022-0150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-12-2022-0150","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Cyber resilience has emerged as an approach for seaports to deal with cyberattacks; it emphasizes ports’ ability to prepare for an attack and to keep operating and recover quickly. However, little research has been undertaken on the challenges of governing cyber risks in seaports. This study aims to address this gap.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Governing cyber resilience is shaped by distributed responsibilities, uncertainties and ambiguities. The authors use this conceptualization to explore the governance of cyber risks in seaports, taking the Port of Rotterdam as a case study and analyzing semistructured interviews with stakeholders, participatory observation and policy documents and legislation.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The authors found that many strategies for governing cyber risks remain dedicated to protecting computer systems against cyberattacks. Nevertheless, port stakeholders have also developed strategies in anticipation of disruptions. However, these strategies appear informal and uncoordinated due to a lack of information exchange, insufficient knowledge regarding cyber risks and disagreement about how to make the Port of Rotterdam cyber resilient. What mainly hampers the cyber resilience of the port is the lack of a comprehensive regulatory framework and economic incentives. The authors conclude that resilience is merely an ideal at the Port of Rotterdam, meaning related governance strategies remain incremental and await institutionalization.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This paper offers insights into the cyber resilience of critical socio-technical systems, which have been underexposed in cyber resilience debates, but, when exploited, can manifest in large-scale disruptions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73560301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.1108/dprg-12-2022-0147
E. Boussios
Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore and theorize on the motivations of a new class of whistleblowers or leakers stemming from the “abusive” cybersecurity practices of Western governments. This research primarily focuses on such practices of the US Government. Design/methodology/approach This work is designed as a case study research of cybersecurity whistleblowers or leakers on Western governments, involving data collection from primary and secondary sources. The method is a content analysis to determine the presence of certain themes within this primary and secondary data which this research can then make inferences about the messages within the texts. Findings The findings show a formation of a recent class of power brokers, with its own collective ethos, who will be known by a new term: the “New Knowledge Cyberclass” (NKC). The development of the NKC was revealed through the shocking data revelations by Edward Snowden, Julian Assange and Chelsea Manning. What separates the NKC from government “protectors” (i.e. President Obama, Central Intelligence Agency Director Mike Pompeo), who argue that these leakers stole and leaked classified documents that endangered lives, is their definitions of what it means to be defenders of democracy, which here pertains to the rights to citizens’ online privacy and the degree of secrecy in US Government. Originality/value To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study directed toward connecting, Snowden, Assange and Manning, to the birth of a new class of power brokers designed to directly challenge Western government malpractices with citizens’ online privacy and secrecy in foreign operations. This research explores both the birth of this new class and a collective ethos that binds this group together despite the tensions and conflicts within this new class.
{"title":"Snowden, Assange, Manning & the new knowledge cyberclass","authors":"E. Boussios","doi":"10.1108/dprg-12-2022-0147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-12-2022-0147","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this study is to explore and theorize on the motivations of a new class of whistleblowers or leakers stemming from the “abusive” cybersecurity practices of Western governments. This research primarily focuses on such practices of the US Government.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This work is designed as a case study research of cybersecurity whistleblowers or leakers on Western governments, involving data collection from primary and secondary sources. The method is a content analysis to determine the presence of certain themes within this primary and secondary data which this research can then make inferences about the messages within the texts.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The findings show a formation of a recent class of power brokers, with its own collective ethos, who will be known by a new term: the “New Knowledge Cyberclass” (NKC). The development of the NKC was revealed through the shocking data revelations by Edward Snowden, Julian Assange and Chelsea Manning. What separates the NKC from government “protectors” (i.e. President Obama, Central Intelligence Agency Director Mike Pompeo), who argue that these leakers stole and leaked classified documents that endangered lives, is their definitions of what it means to be defenders of democracy, which here pertains to the rights to citizens’ online privacy and the degree of secrecy in US Government.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study directed toward connecting, Snowden, Assange and Manning, to the birth of a new class of power brokers designed to directly challenge Western government malpractices with citizens’ online privacy and secrecy in foreign operations. This research explores both the birth of this new class and a collective ethos that binds this group together despite the tensions and conflicts within this new class.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72402112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.1108/dprg-10-2021-0126
N. Katuk, Norazlina Abd. Wahab, Nur Syaedah Kamis
Purpose This paper aims to collect evidence on the issues and challenges in cryptocurrency estate planning and the possible approaches or methods to address them. Then, this paper also aims to understand Malaysia’s situation compared to global situations and determine how the country could address those challenges. Design/methodology/approach This study adapted a standard systematic review protocol named preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses, guided by three research questions: what are the challenges of cryptocurrency estate planning, how do researchers and practitioners address the issues or challenges and how could Malaysians move towards sustainable cryptocurrency estate planning? Relevant documents reported on cryptocurrency estate planning were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings The results of this review suggested that the issues and challenges in cryptocurrency estate planning can be described from six aspects: awareness, financial aspects, law, process, security and taxation. On the other hand, the approaches or methods to address these challenges may be categorised into laws, processes and technology. Further, a framework for cryptocurrency estate planning in Malaysia is proposed as an initial step towards a sustainable economy and society in Malaysia. Research limitations/implications The state and the use of cryptocurrency are still considered new in most countries globally. Hence, people are yet to be aware of the issues that may arise from it. Nevertheless, cryptocurrency estate planning will soon become an area of interest in which this study could enhance the literature and contribute knowledge to understanding the situation. Originality/value This study collected evidence on the issues and the approaches to address cryptocurrency estate planning. This study then focused on the Malaysian perspective by proposing a framework that was not covered by existing studies.
{"title":"Cryptocurrency estate planning: the challenges, suggested solutions and Malaysia’s future directions","authors":"N. Katuk, Norazlina Abd. Wahab, Nur Syaedah Kamis","doi":"10.1108/dprg-10-2021-0126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-10-2021-0126","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to collect evidence on the issues and challenges in cryptocurrency estate planning and the possible approaches or methods to address them. Then, this paper also aims to understand Malaysia’s situation compared to global situations and determine how the country could address those challenges.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study adapted a standard systematic review protocol named preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses, guided by three research questions: what are the challenges of cryptocurrency estate planning, how do researchers and practitioners address the issues or challenges and how could Malaysians move towards sustainable cryptocurrency estate planning? Relevant documents reported on cryptocurrency estate planning were analysed using thematic analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results of this review suggested that the issues and challenges in cryptocurrency estate planning can be described from six aspects: awareness, financial aspects, law, process, security and taxation. On the other hand, the approaches or methods to address these challenges may be categorised into laws, processes and technology. Further, a framework for cryptocurrency estate planning in Malaysia is proposed as an initial step towards a sustainable economy and society in Malaysia.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000The state and the use of cryptocurrency are still considered new in most countries globally. Hence, people are yet to be aware of the issues that may arise from it. Nevertheless, cryptocurrency estate planning will soon become an area of interest in which this study could enhance the literature and contribute knowledge to understanding the situation.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study collected evidence on the issues and the approaches to address cryptocurrency estate planning. This study then focused on the Malaysian perspective by proposing a framework that was not covered by existing studies.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"124 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79500162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.1108/dprg-11-2021-0151
Murali Krishna Penmetsa, Sebastián Bruque-Cámara
Purpose Nations are opening their “digital borders” to allow the free movement of business, employment and skills. However, this process of digitalization is fraught with challenges. This study aims to identify these challenges to build a solution-oriented framework for smart nations. Design/methodology/approach This study conducted a systematic literature review, analyzing 69 peer-reviewed academic papers out of 5,958 identified papers. Findings The identified challenges for smart nation building were categorized as follows: people and society, technology and innovation, digital infrastructure, politics, governance, economics and business and sustainability. To overcome these challenges, this study highlights the need for a holistic national approach, which includes solutions such as improving education, technology-driven innovations, investments for building smart nation infrastructure, top political leadership involvement, national vision and action plan, national regulatory frameworks, business environment and job creation, stakeholder engagement, renewable energy use and technological integration – all of which are key for sustainable development. Research limitations/implications This study provides directions for building a smart nation framework, but the literature review results are confined to articles, conference papers and book chapters. This study could be further enriched if the findings are cross-checked with experts. This limitation will be addressed in future research. Originality/value Given the dearth of literature on this nascent concept, the insights from this study can guide policymakers and industry leaders involved in smart nation building and benefit researchers engaged in theoretical development.
{"title":"Challenges in smart nation building: a solution-oriented framework based on a systematic literature review","authors":"Murali Krishna Penmetsa, Sebastián Bruque-Cámara","doi":"10.1108/dprg-11-2021-0151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-11-2021-0151","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Nations are opening their “digital borders” to allow the free movement of business, employment and skills. However, this process of digitalization is fraught with challenges. This study aims to identify these challenges to build a solution-oriented framework for smart nations.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study conducted a systematic literature review, analyzing 69 peer-reviewed academic papers out of 5,958 identified papers.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The identified challenges for smart nation building were categorized as follows: people and society, technology and innovation, digital infrastructure, politics, governance, economics and business and sustainability. To overcome these challenges, this study highlights the need for a holistic national approach, which includes solutions such as improving education, technology-driven innovations, investments for building smart nation infrastructure, top political leadership involvement, national vision and action plan, national regulatory frameworks, business environment and job creation, stakeholder engagement, renewable energy use and technological integration – all of which are key for sustainable development.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000This study provides directions for building a smart nation framework, but the literature review results are confined to articles, conference papers and book chapters. This study could be further enriched if the findings are cross-checked with experts. This limitation will be addressed in future research.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000Given the dearth of literature on this nascent concept, the insights from this study can guide policymakers and industry leaders involved in smart nation building and benefit researchers engaged in theoretical development.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75538566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.1108/dprg-03-2022-0023
Anthony Jnr. Bokolo
Purpose Because of the use of digital technologies in smart cities, municipalities are increasingly facing issues related to urban data management and are seeking ways to exploit these huge amounts of data for the actualization of data driven services. However, only few studies discuss challenges related to data driven strategies in smart cities. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to present data driven approaches (architecture and model), for urban data management needed to improve smart city planning and design. The developed approaches depict how data can underpin sustainable urban development. Design/methodology/approach Design science research is adopted following a qualitative method to evaluate the architecture developed based on top-level design using a case data from workshops and interviews with experts involved in a smart city project. Findings The findings of this study from the evaluations indicate that the identified enablers are useful to support data driven services in smart cities and the developed architecture can be used to promote urban data management. More importantly, findings from this study provide guidelines to municipalities to improve data driven services for smart city planning and design. Research limitations/implications Feedback as qualitative data from practitioners provided evidence on how data driven strategies can be achieved in smart cities. However, the model is not validated. Hence, quantitative data is needed to further validate the enablers that influence data driven services in smart city planning and design. Practical implications Findings from this study offer practical insights and real-life evidence to define data driven enablers in smart cities and suggest research propositions for future studies. Additionally, this study develops a real conceptualization of data driven method for municipalities to foster open data and digital service innovation for smart city development. Social implications The main findings of this study suggest that data governance, interoperability, data security and risk assessment influence data driven services in smart cities. This study derives propositions based on the developed model that identifies enablers for actualization of data driven services for smart cities planning and design. Originality/value This study explores the enablers of data driven strategies in smart city and further developed an architecture and model that can be adopted by municipalities to structure their urban data initiatives for improving data driven services to make cities smarter. The developed model supports municipalities to manage data used from different sources to support the design of data driven services provided by different enterprises that collaborate in urban environment.
{"title":"Data driven approaches for smart city planning and design: a case scenario on urban data management","authors":"Anthony Jnr. Bokolo","doi":"10.1108/dprg-03-2022-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-03-2022-0023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Because of the use of digital technologies in smart cities, municipalities are increasingly facing issues related to urban data management and are seeking ways to exploit these huge amounts of data for the actualization of data driven services. However, only few studies discuss challenges related to data driven strategies in smart cities. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to present data driven approaches (architecture and model), for urban data management needed to improve smart city planning and design. The developed approaches depict how data can underpin sustainable urban development.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Design science research is adopted following a qualitative method to evaluate the architecture developed based on top-level design using a case data from workshops and interviews with experts involved in a smart city project.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The findings of this study from the evaluations indicate that the identified enablers are useful to support data driven services in smart cities and the developed architecture can be used to promote urban data management. More importantly, findings from this study provide guidelines to municipalities to improve data driven services for smart city planning and design.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000Feedback as qualitative data from practitioners provided evidence on how data driven strategies can be achieved in smart cities. However, the model is not validated. Hence, quantitative data is needed to further validate the enablers that influence data driven services in smart city planning and design.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000Findings from this study offer practical insights and real-life evidence to define data driven enablers in smart cities and suggest research propositions for future studies. Additionally, this study develops a real conceptualization of data driven method for municipalities to foster open data and digital service innovation for smart city development.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000The main findings of this study suggest that data governance, interoperability, data security and risk assessment influence data driven services in smart cities. This study derives propositions based on the developed model that identifies enablers for actualization of data driven services for smart cities planning and design.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study explores the enablers of data driven strategies in smart city and further developed an architecture and model that can be adopted by municipalities to structure their urban data initiatives for improving data driven services to make cities smarter. The developed model supports municipalities to manage data used from different sources to support the design of data driven services provided by different enterprises that collaborate in urban environment.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76102317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-13DOI: 10.1108/dprg-11-2022-0141
Preeti Khanna, Sayantan Khanra
Purpose Citizens often perceive surveillance by government authorities as oppressive and, hence, demonstrate reluctance in value co-creation from such services. This study aims to investigate the challenges and benefits of citizen empowerment through technology-driven surveillance or “smart surveillance.” Design/methodology/approach Guided by Dynamic Capability theory, the authors conduct in-depth interviews with officers in-charge of surveillance in smart cities. Given the contemporary advancements, this approach allows a retrospective and real-time understanding of interviewees’ experiences with smart surveillance. Findings The authors develop five propositions for citizen empowerment through smart surveillance to summarize the findings of this study. Research limitations/implications This study advances the relevance of Dynamic Capability in public administration. Practical implications Smart city authorities and policymakers may leverage the insights provided in this study to design appropriate policies for smart surveillance. Originality/value The authors find that factors such as digital technology and infrastructure, information management, skill divide and perceived return on investment may influence citizen empowerment through smart surveillance.
{"title":"Citizen empowerment through smart surveillance: evidence from Indian smart cities","authors":"Preeti Khanna, Sayantan Khanra","doi":"10.1108/dprg-11-2022-0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-11-2022-0141","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Citizens often perceive surveillance by government authorities as oppressive and, hence, demonstrate reluctance in value co-creation from such services. This study aims to investigate the challenges and benefits of citizen empowerment through technology-driven surveillance or “smart surveillance.”\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Guided by Dynamic Capability theory, the authors conduct in-depth interviews with officers in-charge of surveillance in smart cities. Given the contemporary advancements, this approach allows a retrospective and real-time understanding of interviewees’ experiences with smart surveillance.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The authors develop five propositions for citizen empowerment through smart surveillance to summarize the findings of this study.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000This study advances the relevance of Dynamic Capability in public administration.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000Smart city authorities and policymakers may leverage the insights provided in this study to design appropriate policies for smart surveillance.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The authors find that factors such as digital technology and infrastructure, information management, skill divide and perceived return on investment may influence citizen empowerment through smart surveillance.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84271855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-10DOI: 10.1108/dprg-07-2022-0076
Purpose Media users daily exchange personal data for “free” personalised media. Is this a fair trade, or user “exploitation”? Do personalisation benefits outweigh privacy risks? Design/methodology/approach This study surveyed experts in three consecutive online rounds (e-Delphi). The authors explored personal data processing value for media, personalisation relevance, benefits and risks for users. The authors scrutinised the value-exchange between media and users and determined whether media communicate transparently, or use “dark patterns” to obtain more personal data. Findings Communication to users must be clear, correct and concise (prevent user deception). Experts disagree on “payment” with personal data for “free” personalised media. This study discerned obstacles and solutions to substantially balance the interests of media and users (fair value exchange). Personal data processing must be transparent, profitable to media and users. Media can agree “sector-wide” on personalisation transparency. Fair, secure and transparent information disclosure to media is possible through shared responsibility and effort. Originality/value This study’s innovative contribution is threefold: Firstly, focus on professional stakeholders’ opinion in the value network. Secondly, recommendations to clearly communicate personalised media value, benefits and risks to users. This allows media to create codes of conduct that increase user trust. Thirdly, expanding literature explaining how media realise personal data value, deal with stakeholder interests and position themselves in the data processing debate. This research improves understanding of personal data value, processing benefits and potential risks in a regional context and European regulatory framework.
{"title":"Personal data and personalisation in media: experts’ perceptions of value, benefits, and risks","authors":"","doi":"10.1108/dprg-07-2022-0076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-07-2022-0076","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Media users daily exchange personal data for “free” personalised media. Is this a fair trade, or user “exploitation”? Do personalisation benefits outweigh privacy risks?\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study surveyed experts in three consecutive online rounds (e-Delphi). The authors explored personal data processing value for media, personalisation relevance, benefits and risks for users. The authors scrutinised the value-exchange between media and users and determined whether media communicate transparently, or use “dark patterns” to obtain more personal data.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Communication to users must be clear, correct and concise (prevent user deception). Experts disagree on “payment” with personal data for “free” personalised media. This study discerned obstacles and solutions to substantially balance the interests of media and users (fair value exchange). Personal data processing must be transparent, profitable to media and users. Media can agree “sector-wide” on personalisation transparency. Fair, secure and transparent information disclosure to media is possible through shared responsibility and effort.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study’s innovative contribution is threefold: Firstly, focus on professional stakeholders’ opinion in the value network. Secondly, recommendations to clearly communicate personalised media value, benefits and risks to users. This allows media to create codes of conduct that increase user trust. Thirdly, expanding literature explaining how media realise personal data value, deal with stakeholder interests and position themselves in the data processing debate. This research improves understanding of personal data value, processing benefits and potential risks in a regional context and European regulatory framework.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73954375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-23DOI: 10.1108/dprg-11-2021-0147
S. Balakrishna
Purpose This paper aims to examine the process for estimation of efforts for software development and suggests a framework for estimating software development costs and ensuring quality of code in e-Government projects from the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. With no established processes for estimation of efforts, the Government relied on open bids from the market to develop these e-Government applications. Design/methodology/approach The paper adopts an exploratory case study approach to analyze the e-Government applications in Andhra Pradesh. Using data from the information technology department of the Government of Andhra Pradesh, the paper evolves a framework to compute costs of software development, based on the software development life cycle. Findings The framework helps in arriving at a hurdle price before the tender process. The study has shown that an e-Government application in AP state would cost Rs. 224,000, or US$2,969.25, for a simple application, and Rs. 33,60,000, or US$44,538.71, for a complex application over a five-year period, depending on the complexity and size of the application. This information would be useful to the Government decision-makers for expanding e-Government. Research limitations/implications Further research may assess the utility of this framework for e-Government support activities like automation of data centers, video conferencing facilities and ushering in financial technologies for encouraging cashless payments. Originality/value The paper provides information that could be of value at a national level (for India) and at the same time providing a guide for other countries that would like to adopt this framework.
{"title":"Is COCOMO and Putnam relevant to e-Government? Software development efforts estimation in e-Government in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh","authors":"S. Balakrishna","doi":"10.1108/dprg-11-2021-0147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-11-2021-0147","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to examine the process for estimation of efforts for software development and suggests a framework for estimating software development costs and ensuring quality of code in e-Government projects from the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. With no established processes for estimation of efforts, the Government relied on open bids from the market to develop these e-Government applications.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The paper adopts an exploratory case study approach to analyze the e-Government applications in Andhra Pradesh. Using data from the information technology department of the Government of Andhra Pradesh, the paper evolves a framework to compute costs of software development, based on the software development life cycle.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The framework helps in arriving at a hurdle price before the tender process. The study has shown that an e-Government application in AP state would cost Rs. 224,000, or US$2,969.25, for a simple application, and Rs. 33,60,000, or US$44,538.71, for a complex application over a five-year period, depending on the complexity and size of the application. This information would be useful to the Government decision-makers for expanding e-Government.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000Further research may assess the utility of this framework for e-Government support activities like automation of data centers, video conferencing facilities and ushering in financial technologies for encouraging cashless payments.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The paper provides information that could be of value at a national level (for India) and at the same time providing a guide for other countries that would like to adopt this framework.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74269136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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