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Integration of artificial intelligence of things (AIoT) in the public sector: drivers, barriers and future research agenda 物联网人工智能(AIoT)在公共部门的整合:驱动因素、障碍和未来的研究议程
IF 1.8 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.1108/dprg-06-2022-0067
F. Ishengoma, Deo Shao, C. Alexopoulos, Stuti Saxena, Anastasija Nikiforova
PurposeWith the development of information technology (IT), governments around the globe are using state-of-the-art IT interfaces to implement the so-called 3E’s in public service delivery, that is, economy, efficiency and effectiveness. Two of these IT interfaces relate to Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT). While AI focuses on providing a “human” garb for computing devices, thereby making them “intelligent” devices, IoT relies on interfaces between sensors and the environment to make “intelligent” decisions. Recently, the convergence of AI and IoT – also referred to as Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) – is seen as a real opportunity to refurbish the public service delivery formats. However, there is limited understanding as to how AIoT could contribute to the improvisation of public service delivery. This study aims to create a modular framework for AIoT in addition to highlighting the drivers and barriers for its integration in the public sector.Design/methodology/approachThis descriptive-explanatory study takes a qualitative approach. It entails a thorough examination of the drivers and barriers of integrating AI and IoT in the public sector. A review of literature has led to the development of a conceptual framework outlining the various factors that contribute to creating public value.FindingsValue creation occurs when AI and IoT coalesce in the public service delivery mechanisms.Originality/valueAIoT is a cutting-edge technology revolutionizing health care, agriculture, infrastructure and all other industrial domains. This study adds to the growing body of knowledge on the public sector's use of AI and IoT. Understanding these disruptive technologies is critical to formulating policies and regulations that can maximize the potential benefits for the public-sector organizations.
随着信息技术(IT)的发展,全球各国政府都在使用最先进的IT接口来实现公共服务提供中的所谓3E,即经济、效率和效果。其中两个IT接口与人工智能(AI)和物联网(IoT)有关。人工智能专注于为计算设备提供“人类”外衣,从而使其成为“智能”设备,而物联网则依赖于传感器与环境之间的接口来做出“智能”决策。最近,人工智能和物联网的融合——也被称为人工智能物联网(AIoT)——被视为革新公共服务提供形式的真正机会。然而,对于AIoT如何促进公共服务提供的即兴化,人们的理解有限。本研究旨在为AIoT创建一个模块化框架,并突出其在公共部门整合的驱动因素和障碍。设计/方法/方法这项描述性解释性研究采用定性方法。它需要彻底检查人工智能和物联网在公共部门整合的驱动因素和障碍。对文献的回顾导致了一个概念框架的发展,概述了有助于创造公共价值的各种因素。当人工智能和物联网在公共服务提供机制中融合时,就会产生价值创造。原创性/价值aiot是一项革新医疗保健、农业、基础设施和所有其他工业领域的尖端技术。这项研究增加了公共部门使用人工智能和物联网的知识体系。了解这些颠覆性技术对于制定政策和法规至关重要,这些政策和法规可以最大限度地提高公共部门组织的潜在利益。
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引用次数: 4
Exploring the influence of telework on work performance in public services: experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic 探索远程办公对公共服务工作绩效的影响:新冠肺炎大流行期间的经验
IF 1.8 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.1108/dprg-11-2021-0152
Nikolaos Varotsis
PurposeTelework has been widely used during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, distance work performed through teleworking may hinder organisational operations in public services owing to lower-than-expected work performance. This research paper aims to explore how teleworking relates to work performance and flexibility during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThe sample included 178 managers and employees in public services. The relationships between the variables were evaluated using linear regression.FindingsThe findings indicated that telework affected work performance in public services in different ways. This research also explored the relationship between work performance and work flexibility. The findings revealed that telework had not improved the efficiency of public service work performance; however, the implementation of flexible work schedules owing to teleworking has improved the work performance of public services.Research limitations/implicationsThis study only focussed on organisations operating in the public services in Greece.Practical implicationsTeleworking in public services may negatively affect organisational operations due to lower-than-expected work performance.Social implicationsThis study could assist managers by showcasing that telework may be better implemented to improve work performance through work flexibility rather than as organisational change.Originality/valueThis novel research aims to gain a better understanding of the impact of telework on factors such as work performance and flexibility.
目的:在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,telework得到了广泛应用。然而,由于工作绩效低于预期,通过远程工作进行的远程工作可能会阻碍公共服务领域的组织运作。本研究论文旨在探讨在COVID-19大流行期间远程工作与工作绩效和灵活性的关系。设计/方法/方法样本包括178名公共服务部门的经理和雇员。使用线性回归评估变量之间的关系。研究结果表明,远程办公以不同的方式影响公共服务部门的工作绩效。本研究还探讨了工作绩效与工作灵活性之间的关系。研究发现,远程办公并没有提高公共服务工作绩效的效率;但是,由于远程办公而实行灵活的工作时间表,改善了公共服务部门的工作业绩。研究局限/启示本研究仅关注希腊公共服务机构。公共服务领域的网络办公可能会因工作绩效低于预期而对组织运作产生负面影响。社会意义本研究可以通过展示远程办公可以更好地通过工作灵活性而不是组织变革来提高工作绩效来帮助管理者。独创性/价值这项新颖的研究旨在更好地了解远程办公对工作绩效和灵活性等因素的影响。
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引用次数: 1
Must I tweet? If you musk 我必须发推特吗?如果你麝香
IF 1.8 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-09-09 DOI: 10.1108/dprg-06-2022-188
P. Curwen
[...]Musk – that is to say, Elon Musk, the boss of car-maker Tesla. In 2020, Musk tweeted that the “Tesla stock price too high” which promptly wiped $14bn from the market value of Tesla. The share price had peaked at $77 one year earlier but had subsequently fallen by roughly one-third – much in line with other tech stocks and widely attributed to the emergence from COVID-related restrictions that had resulted in a deluge of social media communication by people stuck at home with nothing better to do.
[…马斯克,也就是汽车制造商特斯拉的老板埃隆·马斯克。2020年,马斯克在推特上表示,“特斯拉的股价太高了”,这让特斯拉的市值迅速蒸发了140亿美元。一年前,该公司股价曾达到77美元的峰值,但随后下跌了大约三分之一——与其他科技股的走势基本一致,并被广泛归因于新冠肺炎相关限制的出现,这些限制导致人们被困在家里,无事可做,大量使用社交媒体。
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引用次数: 0
An exploration of high performance computing cloud contract for SMEs: a systematic literature review 中小企业高性能计算云合同探索:系统文献综述
IF 1.8 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-09-08 DOI: 10.1108/dprg-11-2020-0163
Qin Lu, Nadja Damij, J. Whalley
PurposeHigh performance computing (HPC) is used to solve complex calculations that personal computing devices are unable to handle. HPC offers the potential for small- and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) to engage in product innovation, service improvement and the optimization of resource allocation (Borstnar and Ilijas, 2019). However, the expensive infrastructure, maintenance costs and resource knowledge gaps that accompany the use of HPC can make it inaccessible to SMEs. By moving HPC to the cloud, SMEs can gain access to the infrastructure without the requirement of owning or maintaining it, but they will need to accept the terms and conditions of the cloud contract. This paper aims to improve how SMEs access HPC through the cloud by providing insights into the terms and conditions of HPC cloud contracts.Design/methodology/approachThis paper adopts a systematic literature review by implementing a four-step approach. A comprehensive search was undertaken and results synthesized to enable this paper’s objectives to be met.FindingsThis paper proposes that SMEs could gain competitive advantage(s) by understanding their own needs and improving their contract negotiation abilities, service management skills and risk management abilities before accepting the terms and conditions of the cloud contract. Furthermore, a checklist, service-level agreement, easily ignored elements and risk areas are presented as guidance for SMEs when reviewing their HPC cloud contract(s).Originality/valueWhile HPC cloud contracts are a niche research topic, it is one of the key factors influencing the ability of SMEs to access HPC through the cloud. It is, however, by no means a level playfield with SMEs at a distinct disadvantage because of not influencing the writing up of the HPC cloud contract. The added value of the paper is that it contributes to our overall understanding of the terms and conditions of HPC cloud contracts.
目的高性能计算(high performance computing, HPC)用于解决个人计算设备无法处理的复杂计算。高性能计算为中小型企业(sme)提供了参与产品创新、服务改进和资源配置优化的潜力(Borstnar和Ilijas, 2019)。然而,伴随HPC使用而来的昂贵的基础设施、维护成本和资源知识差距可能使中小企业无法使用HPC。通过将高性能计算转移到云端,中小企业可以在不需要拥有或维护基础设施的情况下访问基础设施,但他们需要接受云计算合同的条款和条件。本文旨在通过提供对HPC云合同条款和条件的见解,改善中小企业通过云访问HPC的方式。设计/方法/方法本文采用系统的文献综述,采用四步法。进行了全面的搜索,并综合了结果,使本文的目标得以实现。本文提出中小企业在接受云合同的条款和条件之前,通过了解自己的需求,提高自己的合同谈判能力、服务管理技能和风险管理能力,可以获得竞争优势。此外,还提供了清单、服务水平协议、容易被忽视的要素和风险领域,作为中小企业在审查其HPC云合同时的指导。原创性/价值虽然高性能计算云合同是一个小众研究课题,但它是影响中小企业通过云访问高性能计算能力的关键因素之一。然而,这绝不是一个公平的竞争环境,因为不影响HPC云合同的签订,中小企业就处于明显的劣势。本文的附加价值在于,它有助于我们全面理解HPC云合同的条款和条件。
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引用次数: 1
Assessing the value of 3G and 4G network modes in mobile phone pricing 评估3G和4G网络模式在手机定价中的价值
IF 1.8 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-08-30 DOI: 10.1108/dprg-10-2021-0135
Tanvir Ahmed, Waseem Ahmad, Bashir Ahmad
PurposeMobile phone network third-generation (3G) and fourth-generation (4G) modes are the most commonly used modes in many developing countries. This study aims to assess the impact of these network modes and other mobile phone attributes on their retail prices in Pakistan, the fifth most populous and developing country.Design/methodology/approachThis study has been conducted in Punjab province, which shares about 53% of the Pakistan’s population. Hedonic price analysis was carried out on all new mobile phone attributes sold in Punjab’s markets at the retail level. Various econometric tests, that is, Ramsey regression equation specification error, Breusch–Pagan/Cook–Weisberg and variance inflation factor, were calculated to check the robustness of the results.FindingsResults of this study indicated that the mobile phone prices were significantly higher for the sets having 4G network mode than the 3G mode. In addition to this, other mobile phone attributes that significantly influenced their prices were brand, weight, camera, random access memory (RAM), memory size, operating system, battery capacity and display size.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has implications for mobile phone sales and marketing strategies of the manufacturers, importers, retailers and others involved in the mobile phone business in developing countries like Pakistan. Mobile phone manufacturers/importers can increase their profits by producing/importing the 4G enabled devices.Originality/valueAlthough many studies in the literature estimated the implicit price of mobile phone attributes, none of these had explicitly assessed the impact of network mode generation of mobile phones on their prices.
移动电话网络第三代(3G)和第四代(4G)模式是许多发展中国家最常用的模式。本研究旨在评估这些网络模式和其他移动电话属性对巴基斯坦零售价格的影响,巴基斯坦是第五大人口大国和发展中国家。设计/方法/方法本研究在旁遮普省进行,该省人口约占巴基斯坦人口的53%。在旁遮普的零售市场上销售的所有新手机属性进行了享乐价格分析。通过计算Ramsey回归方程规范误差、Breusch-Pagan / Cook-Weisberg和方差膨胀因子等计量检验来检验结果的稳健性。研究结果表明,4G网络模式的手机价格明显高于3G网络模式。除此之外,其他显著影响其价格的手机属性是品牌,重量,相机,随机存取存储器(RAM),内存大小,操作系统,电池容量和显示器尺寸。本研究对手机销售和营销策略的制造商,进口商,零售商和其他参与手机业务在发展中国家,如巴基斯坦的影响。手机制造商/进口商可以通过生产/进口4G设备来增加利润。原创性/价值虽然文献中的许多研究估计了手机属性的隐含价格,但这些研究都没有明确评估手机网络模式生成对其价格的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Perception of innovation in Spain 对西班牙创新的看法
IF 1.8 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-07-26 DOI: 10.1108/dprg-09-2021-0109
Covadonga Gijón, Irene Albarrán Lozano, J. M. Molina
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the innovation perception, in its different aspects, of the Spanish people. To this end, several ordered logit models have been developed to determine the extent to which socio-demographic characteristics and other aspects of innovation affect the perception of innovation.Design/methodology/approachThis paper analyses the perception of individuals about innovation in Spain and the related factors. It uses 2015 and 2018 data on individuals from Spanish surveys. The data include various measures of innovation perception, age, gender, educational level and other socio-economic variables.FindingsThe results indicate that people have a better perception of innovation if they are being trained in innovation or have good information and communication technologies skills. Among the main results, there is a gender gap in the perception of innovation, as well as differences in terms of digital skills.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first time of this kind of analysis in this country. The results are linked to the literature, but should nevertheless be taken into account, which is why some policy recommendations are presented below.
本文的目的是评估西班牙人在不同方面的创新认知。为此目的,已经开发了几个有序logit模型,以确定社会人口特征和创新的其他方面影响创新感知的程度。设计/方法/途径本文分析了西班牙个人对创新的看法以及相关因素。它使用了西班牙调查中2015年和2018年的个人数据。这些数据包括创新认知、年龄、性别、教育水平和其他社会经济变量的各种衡量标准。研究结果表明,如果人们接受过创新培训或拥有良好的信息和通信技术技能,他们对创新的感知会更好。在主要结果中,对创新的看法存在性别差异,在数字技能方面也存在差异。原创性/价值据作者所知,这种分析在国内尚属首次。研究结果与文献有关,但仍应予以考虑,这就是下文提出一些政策建议的原因。
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引用次数: 1
Identifying critical success factors for the General Data Protection Regulation implementation in higher education institutions 确定在高等教育机构实施《通用数据保护条例》的关键成功因素
IF 1.8 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-06-22 DOI: 10.1108/dprg-03-2021-0041
José Fernandes, Carolina Machado, L. Amaral
PurposeOn May 25, 2018, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) became mandatory for all organizations that handle the personal data of European Union citizens. This exploratory study aims to determine the critical success factors (CSFs) related to implementing the GDPR in Portuguese public higher education institutions (HEIs).Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts a multimethod methodology with qualitative and quantitative methods. A multiple case study was carried out in Portuguese public universities. As procedures for data collecting and analysis, semistructured interviews with 26 questions were conducted with the data protection officers of these universities during May and July 2019 to derive a set of CSFs. Next, the Delphi method has been applied to determine the ranking of the CSFs. The hierarchical clusters analysis has also been applied to determine the cluster with essential CSFs. To derive the CSF, the method by Caralli et al. (2004) has been applied.FindingsThis study has identified the list of 16 CSFs related to the implementation of GDPR in HEIs, among which we can highlight, for instance, empower workers on the GDPR; commit top management with the GDPR; implement the GDPR with the involvement of management and workers; create a culture for data protection; and create a decentralized team of pivots for data protection.Research limitations/implicationsIt could have been more enriching in the CSF determination process if all Portuguese public universities had participated in this study. In fact, within their many similarities, universities are also very different in approaching privacy and data protection. New studies are needed to determine whether the CSFs identified apply equally to other organizations, namely, private HEIs with less bureaucracy.Originality/valueIdentifying CSFs related to GDPR implementation in Portuguese public universities is a new area of study. This paper is a contribution to its development.
2018年5月25日,《通用数据保护条例》(GDPR)对所有处理欧盟公民个人数据的组织都是强制性的。本探索性研究旨在确定在葡萄牙公立高等教育机构(HEIs)实施GDPR的关键成功因素(csf)。本研究采用定性与定量相结合的多方法研究方法。在葡萄牙公立大学进行了多案例研究。作为数据收集和分析的程序,我们在2019年5月至7月期间与这些大学的数据保护官员进行了涉及26个问题的半结构化访谈,以得出一套CSFs。其次,采用德尔菲法确定社会保障体系的排名。层次聚类分析也被应用于确定具有基本CSFs的聚类。为了推导CSF,我们采用了Caralli et al.(2004)的方法。本研究确定了16个与高等教育机构实施GDPR相关的CSFs清单,其中我们可以强调,例如,在GDPR上赋予工人权力;向最高管理层承诺遵守GDPR;在管理层和员工的参与下实施GDPR;建立保护资料的文化;并创建一个分散的数据保护中心团队。研究局限性/启示如果所有葡萄牙公立大学都参与了这项研究,CSF的测定过程可能会更加丰富。事实上,在许多相似之处,大学在处理隐私和数据保护方面也有很大的不同。需要进行新的研究,以确定已确定的基金是否同样适用于其他机构,即较少官僚主义的私立高等教育院校。原创性/价值识别葡萄牙公立大学与GDPR实施相关的csf是一个新的研究领域。本文是对其发展的一种贡献。
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引用次数: 1
Telecom Italia: Europe’s odd man out? 意大利电信:欧洲的异类?
IF 1.8 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-06-14 DOI: 10.1108/dprg-05-2022-186
P. Curwen
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引用次数: 0
Knowing the past to write the future: risks and challenges related with social media governance in government 知过去写未来:政府社会媒体治理的风险与挑战
IF 1.8 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-05-31 DOI: 10.1108/dprg-10-2021-0124
V. Bohórquez-López
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify the most frequent themes related with social media governance in government by year, analyzing if these themes have evolved over time, as well as highlighting the main risks and challenges found as further research opportunities.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the authors have extracted 431 abstracts from Scopus database. Then, abstracts were grouped by year to apply topic modeling to discover the underlying topics. Specifically, the authors have applied latent Dirichlet allocation algorithm to identify the most frequent topics by year.FindingsThe results reveal 19 important topics related with social media governance in government. Then, these topics were assigned to each year to identify the evolution of the research themes over the years, proposing interesting avenues for further research based on the identification of the main risks and challenges.Practical implicationsThe proposed research methodology can be applied not only for research purposes but also to discover themes in any discourse with applications in politics, marketing, business, etc. In addition, it can be used to save time and costs analyzing citizen comments in public debates to identify the most important topics.Originality/valueThis study can serve to highlight gaps in the literature, opening the possibility that researchers can adequately position their inquiries, as well as to be aware of overstudied themes to pay less attention to them in future projects. In addition, the results of this study could serve as a starting point for other researchers to analyze connections between topics, propose theories that explain what was found and validate them in future studies.
本研究的目的是确定每年与政府中社交媒体治理相关的最常见主题,分析这些主题是否随着时间的推移而演变,并强调发现的主要风险和挑战,作为进一步研究的机会。设计/方法/方法首先,作者从Scopus数据库中提取了431篇摘要。然后,将摘要按年份分组,应用主题建模发现底层主题。具体而言,作者采用了潜在狄利克雷分配算法来识别年度最频繁的主题。研究结果揭示了与政府社会媒体治理相关的19个重要主题。然后,每年分配这些主题,以确定多年来研究主题的演变,在确定主要风险和挑战的基础上,为进一步研究提出有趣的途径。实际意义提出的研究方法不仅可以用于研究目的,而且可以在政治,市场营销,商业等领域的任何话语中发现主题。此外,它还可以用来节省时间和成本,分析公众辩论中的公民评论,以确定最重要的话题。原创性/价值本研究可以突出文献中的空白,使研究人员能够充分定位他们的调查,并意识到过度研究的主题,以便在未来的项目中减少对它们的关注。此外,本研究的结果可以作为其他研究人员分析主题之间联系的起点,提出解释发现的理论,并在未来的研究中验证它们。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring governance issues between online food delivery platforms and restaurant partners in India 探讨印度在线外卖平台和餐厅合作伙伴之间的治理问题
IF 1.8 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-05-13 DOI: 10.1108/dprg-06-2021-0074
Nidhi Yadav, M. N., P. Banerjee
PurposeThis paper aims to explore the governance of external entities that lie outside the boundaries of digital platform firms by using the theoretical lens of the transaction cost theory (TCT). TCT offers alternative modes of governance for effectively managing transactions in market, hierarchy or hybrid scenarios providing a perfect framework to study platform governance.Design/methodology/approachThe paper explores governance issues between restaurant partners and online food delivery platforms in India via qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews of various stakeholders, including restaurant partners and platform managers.FindingsThe study reveals that information asymmetry, opportunism, control and trust deficit are the major strategic governance issues in online food delivery platforms.Research limitations/implicationsThough care had been taken to cover all types of restaurants, due to lockdown number of restaurants studied was restricted in number. Despite the restrictions, findings provided valuable insights into the governance issues of the digital platform. Challenging times like Covid-19 make the study even more crucial from the strategic perspective. The study also adds to the literature on platform governance and provides practical implications for account managers and policymakers.Practical implicationsThe study uncovers various critical governance issues. These, if resolved using the right combination of governance mechanisms, will lead to increased partner participation and value creation on the platform.Originality/valuePlatforms outsource the value creation to external entities without having any hierarchical control over partners. The paper studies governance outside the boundaries of the firm using TCT. Hence, it helps to extend governance outside the boundaries of the firm.
本文旨在运用交易成本理论(TCT)的理论视角,探讨数字平台企业边界外外部实体的治理问题。TCT为有效管理市场、层次结构或混合场景中的事务提供了替代的治理模式,为研究平台治理提供了一个完美的框架。本文通过对包括餐厅合作伙伴和平台经理在内的各种利益相关者的半结构化访谈进行定性分析,探讨了印度餐厅合作伙伴和在线外卖平台之间的治理问题。研究发现,信息不对称、机会主义、控制和信任赤字是在线外卖平台的主要战略治理问题。研究的局限性/影响尽管已注意涵盖所有类型的餐馆,但由于封锁,所研究的餐馆数量有限。尽管存在这些限制,但调查结果为数字平台的治理问题提供了有价值的见解。Covid-19等充满挑战的时期使这项研究从战略角度变得更加重要。该研究还补充了关于平台治理的文献,并为客户经理和政策制定者提供了实际意义。实际意义本研究揭示了各种关键的治理问题。如果使用治理机制的正确组合来解决这些问题,将会增加合作伙伴的参与和平台上的价值创造。原创性/价值平台将价值创造外包给外部实体,而对合作伙伴没有任何层次控制。本文利用TCT研究了企业边界外的治理问题。因此,它有助于将治理扩展到公司边界之外。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Digital Policy Regulation and Governance
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