Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.1108/dprg-07-2020-0091
P. Gerli
Purpose Several sources have reported an increase in the opposition to the fifth-generation (5G) amongst local communities following the outbreak of Covid-19. In Italy, more than 300 municipalities banned 5G rollout from their territory between April and June 2020. Researchers have described this phenomenon as resulting from the infodemic caused by the pandemic, however, local protests also accompanied the rollout of the previous generation of mobile communications. This paper uses document analysis to explore the local debate on 5G municipal bans and map their evolution in an Italian region. This study aims to unravel the complexity of this phenomenon and inform future research on the actors and factors underlying the opposition of local communities towards 5G. Design/methodology/approach The analysis focusses on Marche, a region in Italy where, by July 2020, 25% of the municipalities had banned 5G rollout. This analysis is based on secondary data, retrieved from multiple online sources (articles from the local press, public statements and press releases, minutes from local council meetings and resolutions from local councils). Findings The analysis revealed that concerns on the safety of electromagnetic fields predated the pandemic, although these concerns may have increased the sensitivity of local communities towards health issues. The local debates on 5G involved many actors from the civil society, including environmentalists that had long campaigned against wireless technologies and local politicians playing a proactive role in leading and coordinating the adoption of resolutions against 5G. Originality/value This paper addresses an emerging phenomenon, such as municipal bans against 5G, that has not yet been explored in academic literature. Researchers have recently investigated the propagation of conspiracy theories on 5G on social media, but little has been said on the factors and actors shaping the debate on 5G within local communities.
{"title":"Municipal 5G bans during the Covid-19 pandemic: the case of Italy","authors":"P. Gerli","doi":"10.1108/dprg-07-2020-0091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-07-2020-0091","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Several sources have reported an increase in the opposition to the fifth-generation (5G) amongst local communities following the outbreak of Covid-19. In Italy, more than 300 municipalities banned 5G rollout from their territory between April and June 2020. Researchers have described this phenomenon as resulting from the infodemic caused by the pandemic, however, local protests also accompanied the rollout of the previous generation of mobile communications. This paper uses document analysis to explore the local debate on 5G municipal bans and map their evolution in an Italian region. This study aims to unravel the complexity of this phenomenon and inform future research on the actors and factors underlying the opposition of local communities towards 5G.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The analysis focusses on Marche, a region in Italy where, by July 2020, 25% of the municipalities had banned 5G rollout. This analysis is based on secondary data, retrieved from multiple online sources (articles from the local press, public statements and press releases, minutes from local council meetings and resolutions from local councils).\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The analysis revealed that concerns on the safety of electromagnetic fields predated the pandemic, although these concerns may have increased the sensitivity of local communities towards health issues. The local debates on 5G involved many actors from the civil society, including environmentalists that had long campaigned against wireless technologies and local politicians playing a proactive role in leading and coordinating the adoption of resolutions against 5G.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This paper addresses an emerging phenomenon, such as municipal bans against 5G, that has not yet been explored in academic literature. Researchers have recently investigated the propagation of conspiracy theories on 5G on social media, but little has been said on the factors and actors shaping the debate on 5G within local communities.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"400 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84845728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.1108/dprg-03-2021-0047
Florian Königstorfer, S. Thalmann
Purpose Artificial intelligence (AI) is currently one of the most disruptive technologies and can be applied in many different use cases. However, applying AI in regulated environments is challenging, as it is currently not clear how to achieve and assess the fairness, accountability and transparency (FAT) of AI. Documentation is one promising governance mechanism to ensure that AI is FAT when it is applied in practice. However, due to the nature of AI, documentation standards from software engineering are not suitable to collect the required evidence. Even though FAT AI is called for by lawmakers, academics and practitioners, suitable guidelines on how to document AI are not available. This interview study aims to investigate the requirements for AI documentations. Design/methodology/approach A total of 16 interviews were conducted with senior employees from companies in the banking and IT industry as well as with consultants. The interviews were then analyzed using an informed-inductive coding approach. Findings The authors found five requirements for AI documentation, taking the specific nature of AI into account. The interviews show that documenting AI is not a purely technical task, but also requires engineers to present information on how the AI is understandably integrated into the business process. Originality/value This paper benefits from the unique insights of senior employees into the documentation of AI.
{"title":"Software documentation is not enough! Requirements for the documentation of AI","authors":"Florian Königstorfer, S. Thalmann","doi":"10.1108/dprg-03-2021-0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-03-2021-0047","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Artificial intelligence (AI) is currently one of the most disruptive technologies and can be applied in many different use cases. However, applying AI in regulated environments is challenging, as it is currently not clear how to achieve and assess the fairness, accountability and transparency (FAT) of AI. Documentation is one promising governance mechanism to ensure that AI is FAT when it is applied in practice. However, due to the nature of AI, documentation standards from software engineering are not suitable to collect the required evidence. Even though FAT AI is called for by lawmakers, academics and practitioners, suitable guidelines on how to document AI are not available. This interview study aims to investigate the requirements for AI documentations.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000A total of 16 interviews were conducted with senior employees from companies in the banking and IT industry as well as with consultants. The interviews were then analyzed using an informed-inductive coding approach.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The authors found five requirements for AI documentation, taking the specific nature of AI into account. The interviews show that documenting AI is not a purely technical task, but also requires engineers to present information on how the AI is understandably integrated into the business process.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This paper benefits from the unique insights of senior employees into the documentation of AI.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76150367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-04DOI: 10.1108/dprg-11-2020-0168
S. Rahi, M. A. Ghani
Purpose The long-term success of internet banking (IB) services is connected with continuous use. Therefore, examining factors which influence IB user continuance intention is important. Grounded in technology continuance theory, bank transparency and task technology fit (TTF) model, the purpose of this study is to develop a unified technology continuance model to investigate IB user continuance intention. Design/methodology/approach The research model was empirically tested with 348 responses. Respondents included in this study had prior experience with IB services. For hypotheses testing, the structural equation modelling approach was used. Findings Findings indicate that the research model has substantial power in explaining IB user continuance intention. Importance performance matrix analysis revealed that bank transparency had the highest importance in determining IB user continuance intention. Therefore, factors like user satisfaction and perceived usefulness have shown a medium level of importance in determining IB user continuance intention. Satisfaction is influenced by perceived usefulness and confirmation and established a significant impact on IB user continuance intention. Practical implications The findings of this research are useful for bank managers and policymakers to develop and design IB services according to user’s expectations. Results demonstrate that expectation confirmation and perceived usefulness are antecedents of IB user satisfaction and IB user continuance intention. In addition to that bank, transparency has shown a significant effect on user expectation and IB user continuance intention. These findings established that accuracy in sharing bank information and clarity in transaction charges encourage the user to continue the use of IB services. Originality/value The current study develops a unified technology continuance model based on the TTF model and technology continuance theory and investigates IB user continuance intention. Moreover, bank transparency is added in the technology continuance model and established a significant impact towards user expectation confirmation and continuance intention. These findings contribute to the limited body of research in the context of IB user continuance intention and enrich information system literature.
{"title":"Examining internet banking user’s continuance intention through the lens of technology continuance theory and task technology fit model","authors":"S. Rahi, M. A. Ghani","doi":"10.1108/dprg-11-2020-0168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-11-2020-0168","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The long-term success of internet banking (IB) services is connected with continuous use. Therefore, examining factors which influence IB user continuance intention is important. Grounded in technology continuance theory, bank transparency and task technology fit (TTF) model, the purpose of this study is to develop a unified technology continuance model to investigate IB user continuance intention.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The research model was empirically tested with 348 responses. Respondents included in this study had prior experience with IB services. For hypotheses testing, the structural equation modelling approach was used.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Findings indicate that the research model has substantial power in explaining IB user continuance intention. Importance performance matrix analysis revealed that bank transparency had the highest importance in determining IB user continuance intention. Therefore, factors like user satisfaction and perceived usefulness have shown a medium level of importance in determining IB user continuance intention. Satisfaction is influenced by perceived usefulness and confirmation and established a significant impact on IB user continuance intention.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000The findings of this research are useful for bank managers and policymakers to develop and design IB services according to user’s expectations. Results demonstrate that expectation confirmation and perceived usefulness are antecedents of IB user satisfaction and IB user continuance intention. In addition to that bank, transparency has shown a significant effect on user expectation and IB user continuance intention. These findings established that accuracy in sharing bank information and clarity in transaction charges encourage the user to continue the use of IB services.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The current study develops a unified technology continuance model based on the TTF model and technology continuance theory and investigates IB user continuance intention. Moreover, bank transparency is added in the technology continuance model and established a significant impact towards user expectation confirmation and continuance intention. These findings contribute to the limited body of research in the context of IB user continuance intention and enrich information system literature.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81188179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-09DOI: 10.1108/dprg-04-2021-0055
John M. Sausi, Erick J. Kitali, J. Mtebe
Purpose This study aims to adapt the updated DeLone and McLean model to evaluate the success of the local government revenue collection and information system (IS) implemented in Tanzania. Design/methodology/approach The study used a concurrent mixed research design integrating quantitative and qualitative data within a single investigation. A total of 296 users from local government authorities (LGAs) in 5 regions in Tanzania participated in the study. Findings The study found that the system quality and information quality had a significant positive impact whilst service quality and trust in the system had a significant negative effect. In contrast, facilitating conditions did not have an effect whatsoever. The findings from the open-ended questions and implications of the findings are discussed. Originality/value The findings from this study will help LGAs understand the factors that affect the success of the ISs in developing countries. The results indicate that in addition to information technology attributes, building trust in the system is crucial to foster user satisfaction and increase the public value of the systems.
{"title":"Evaluation of local government revenue collection information system success in Tanzania","authors":"John M. Sausi, Erick J. Kitali, J. Mtebe","doi":"10.1108/dprg-04-2021-0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-04-2021-0055","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to adapt the updated DeLone and McLean model to evaluate the success of the local government revenue collection and information system (IS) implemented in Tanzania.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The study used a concurrent mixed research design integrating quantitative and qualitative data within a single investigation. A total of 296 users from local government authorities (LGAs) in 5 regions in Tanzania participated in the study.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The study found that the system quality and information quality had a significant positive impact whilst service quality and trust in the system had a significant negative effect. In contrast, facilitating conditions did not have an effect whatsoever. The findings from the open-ended questions and implications of the findings are discussed.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The findings from this study will help LGAs understand the factors that affect the success of the ISs in developing countries. The results indicate that in addition to information technology attributes, building trust in the system is crucial to foster user satisfaction and increase the public value of the systems.\u0000","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77144048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Centralized Government to Decentralized Results-Driven Smart Governance","authors":"M. Milakovich","doi":"10.4324/9781003215875-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003215875-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88078716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Transition from Electronic Government to Smart Digital Governance","authors":"M. Milakovich","doi":"10.4324/9781003215875-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003215875-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77437899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cybersecurity, Privacy, and Protecting Public Records","authors":"M. Milakovich","doi":"10.4324/9781003215875-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003215875-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88121799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-27DOI: 10.4324/9781003215875-12
M. Milakovich
{"title":"Toward Global Citizenship and Digital Governance","authors":"M. Milakovich","doi":"10.4324/9781003215875-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003215875-12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56357,"journal":{"name":"Digital Policy Regulation and Governance","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83779757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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