Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4236/aim.2022.1212044
Cleiford Senra, Minerva García, D. Kwon
{"title":"Antibacterial Activity of Exogenous Glutathione and Its Synergism on Antibiotics in Methicillin-Associated Multidrug Resistant Clinical Isolates of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>","authors":"Cleiford Senra, Minerva García, D. Kwon","doi":"10.4236/aim.2022.1212044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aim.2022.1212044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56408,"journal":{"name":"微生物学(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Is Gain of Function a Reliable Tool for Establishing Sars-Cov-2 Origin?","authors":"G. Guardo","doi":"10.4236/aim.2022.123009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aim.2022.123009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56408,"journal":{"name":"微生物学(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamud Ahmed Farah, Essam Abdulmuhsin Afifi, Nadira Harir Omar, Ahmed Hussein Essa
Background: Shallow wells and boreholes are vital sources of potable water in Hargeisa. This water can be polluted by runoff, in particular during the rainy season, causing outbreaks of waterborne infections. Objectives: This research aimed at evaluating the microbial quality of shallow wells and boreholes water around Hargeisa, Somaliland. Methods: The total coliform and Escherichia coli count were done by using the membrane filtration method. Overall, 100 ml of each water sample was filtered via a 0.45 μm membrane filter, and then the filters were put on m-Endo agar plates that were incubated at 37 ̊C for 24 to 48 hours. Results: The mean value of total coliform counts for the boreholes and shallow wells ranged from 1.288 × 10 to 8.8 × 10 CFU/100ml, while the mean value of total E. coli counts also ranged from 3.5 × 10 to 4.429 × 10 CFU/100ml. Results from this study have demonstrated that all water sources (Arabsiyo, Dararweyne, Darasalaam, Dabaraqas, and Jaleelo) don’t comply with the WHO guideline for drinking water. Results from the analysis of water samples of 28 wells demonstrated a significant correlation between total coliform and E. coli counts (P = 0.01). Therefore, this water is not fit for human consumption unless it is treated. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that all results of both mean values of total coliform and E. coli counts from groundwater of selected shallow wells and boreholes were beyond WHO standards, so water from Arabsiyo, Jaleelo, Dabaraqas, Dararweyne, and Darasalaam requires treatment before human consumption.
{"title":"Microbial Analysis of Drinking Water from Randomly Selected Boreholes and Shallow Wells around Hargeisa, Somaliland","authors":"Mohamud Ahmed Farah, Essam Abdulmuhsin Afifi, Nadira Harir Omar, Ahmed Hussein Essa","doi":"10.4236/aim.2022.121001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aim.2022.121001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Shallow wells and boreholes are vital sources of potable water in Hargeisa. This water can be polluted by runoff, in particular during the rainy season, causing outbreaks of waterborne infections. Objectives: This research aimed at evaluating the microbial quality of shallow wells and boreholes water around Hargeisa, Somaliland. Methods: The total coliform and Escherichia coli count were done by using the membrane filtration method. Overall, 100 ml of each water sample was filtered via a 0.45 μm membrane filter, and then the filters were put on m-Endo agar plates that were incubated at 37 ̊C for 24 to 48 hours. Results: The mean value of total coliform counts for the boreholes and shallow wells ranged from 1.288 × 10 to 8.8 × 10 CFU/100ml, while the mean value of total E. coli counts also ranged from 3.5 × 10 to 4.429 × 10 CFU/100ml. Results from this study have demonstrated that all water sources (Arabsiyo, Dararweyne, Darasalaam, Dabaraqas, and Jaleelo) don’t comply with the WHO guideline for drinking water. Results from the analysis of water samples of 28 wells demonstrated a significant correlation between total coliform and E. coli counts (P = 0.01). Therefore, this water is not fit for human consumption unless it is treated. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that all results of both mean values of total coliform and E. coli counts from groundwater of selected shallow wells and boreholes were beyond WHO standards, so water from Arabsiyo, Jaleelo, Dabaraqas, Dararweyne, and Darasalaam requires treatment before human consumption.","PeriodicalId":56408,"journal":{"name":"微生物学(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dan Waithiru, J. Njeru, J. Maingi, E. Mulinge, B. Ngugi, J. Maina, J. Kiiru
{"title":"Unravelling Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes and Carriage of Extended-Spectrum <i>β</i>-Lactamase Genes in <i>Escherichia coli</i> Isolated from Dairy Farms in Kiambu County, Kenya","authors":"Dan Waithiru, J. Njeru, J. Maingi, E. Mulinge, B. Ngugi, J. Maina, J. Kiiru","doi":"10.4236/aim.2022.125021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aim.2022.125021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56408,"journal":{"name":"微生物学(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicole Prisca Makaya Dangui Nieko, C. Morabandza, Moїse Doria Kaya-Ongoto, Duchel Jeanedvi Kinouani Kinavouidi, Haman Judel Mikia, Fabien Kangoula-Dia-Kikouidi-Kia-Louzala, F. R. Niama
{"title":"Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Metallo-Beta-Lactamase and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase among Enterobacteria Isolated at National Public Health Laboratory of Brazzaville","authors":"Nicole Prisca Makaya Dangui Nieko, C. Morabandza, Moїse Doria Kaya-Ongoto, Duchel Jeanedvi Kinouani Kinavouidi, Haman Judel Mikia, Fabien Kangoula-Dia-Kikouidi-Kia-Louzala, F. R. Niama","doi":"10.4236/aim.2022.126026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aim.2022.126026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56408,"journal":{"name":"微生物学(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Minas Mohamed Balla, A. Mergani, Mohamed Elamin A. M. E. Medani, A. Abakar
{"title":"Molecular Identification of <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> in Isolates from Children with Pharyngitis, Gezira State, Sudan 2022","authors":"Minas Mohamed Balla, A. Mergani, Mohamed Elamin A. M. E. Medani, A. Abakar","doi":"10.4236/aim.2022.128034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aim.2022.128034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56408,"journal":{"name":"微生物学(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mariama Ciré Kourouma, Malick Mbengue, Nd.C. Sarr, K. Sarr, C. Kane
{"title":"Thermoresistant, Ethanol-Resistant and Acid-Resistant Properties of Acetic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Fermented Mango Alcohol","authors":"Mariama Ciré Kourouma, Malick Mbengue, Nd.C. Sarr, K. Sarr, C. Kane","doi":"10.4236/aim.2022.124014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aim.2022.124014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56408,"journal":{"name":"微生物学(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brucellosis is a neglected tropical zoonotic disease that threatens the food production and public health sectors. It is of considerable animal welfare and economic importance and is underreported in most parts of the world, especially in developing countries like Cameroon. Brucellosis has been reported in cattle, other domestic animals and humans in Cameroon. The burden of the disease is unclear, and the awareness remains questionable. It became necessary for this review to be carried out to highlight the diagnostic approaches used to confirm brucellosis in animals and humans, disease epidemiology and risk factors for infection. So far, reports of brucellosis in previous studies have been based on serology only. Seroprevalence data of Brucella antibodies in animals indicate the risk of human brucellosis in Cameroon. However, few investigations have been undertaken on human brucellosis, considering the different epidemiological settings. There is no report or unsuccessful attempts to identify Brucella species circulating in Cameroon. It could largely be attributed to a lack of standard laboratories for testing and the lack of consumables. The way forward will require a surveillance system for brucellosis in the country, educating all sectors affected and drafting a diagnostic protocol for high-risk individuals.
{"title":"A Review on Brucellosis in Cameroon: Diagnostic Approaches, Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Infection","authors":"Seraphine Mojoko Eko, S. Esemu, A. Nota, L. Ndip","doi":"10.4236/aim.2022.127030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aim.2022.127030","url":null,"abstract":"Brucellosis is a neglected tropical zoonotic disease that threatens the food production and public health sectors. It is of considerable animal welfare and economic importance and is underreported in most parts of the world, especially in developing countries like Cameroon. Brucellosis has been reported in cattle, other domestic animals and humans in Cameroon. The burden of the disease is unclear, and the awareness remains questionable. It became necessary for this review to be carried out to highlight the diagnostic approaches used to confirm brucellosis in animals and humans, disease epidemiology and risk factors for infection. So far, reports of brucellosis in previous studies have been based on serology only. Seroprevalence data of Brucella antibodies in animals indicate the risk of human brucellosis in Cameroon. However, few investigations have been undertaken on human brucellosis, considering the different epidemiological settings. There is no report or unsuccessful attempts to identify Brucella species circulating in Cameroon. It could largely be attributed to a lack of standard laboratories for testing and the lack of consumables. The way forward will require a surveillance system for brucellosis in the country, educating all sectors affected and drafting a diagnostic protocol for high-risk individuals.","PeriodicalId":56408,"journal":{"name":"微生物学(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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