Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.12677/amb.2022.114027
红萍 吴
In order to explore the reasons for continuous cropping obstacles of Dictyophora indusiata under rubber forest in Hainan province, pure microbial culture technology and BIOLO-ECO microplate were used to analyze the culturable microorganisms, functional microorganisms, functional diversity of microbial communities, physical and chemical properties of soil and enzyme activities in the soil covered by Dictyophora indusiata for different continuous cropping years. The results showed that with the increase of continuous cropping years, soil pH decreased, organic matter and total potassium content decreased significantly, and total nitrogen and total phosphorus content increased significantly; The total number of culturable microorganisms and the number of nitrogen fixing bacteria, aerobic cellulose decomposing bacteria, nitrite bacteria and denitrifying bacteria in the soil increased first and then decreased, reaching the peak in the first year of continuous cropping, showing a trend of transformation from “bacterial” to “fungal” as a whole. Soil sucrose activity decreased first and then increased, while urease and dehydrogenase activity increased first and then decreased. The AWCD values of soil microorganisms of Dictyophora indu-siata under different continuous cropping years were different, and the utilization degree and characteristics of different carbon sources were different. The Shannon index, Simpson index and Pielou index of soil microbial community were not significantly different, and the McIntosh index of soil microbial community in the first year of continuous cropping was significantly lowest. To sum up, the continuous cropping of Dictyophora indusiata under rubber forest affects the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the activity of soil enzyme, and the accumulation of “toxic and by-product” substances produced by the “autolysis” of Dictyophora indusiata affects the number and function of culturable microorganisms and functional microorganisms in the soil, as well as the functional characteristics of the soil microbial community. It can be seen that the change of soil “Micro-environment” may be the main reason for the continuous cropping obstacle of Dictyo-phora indusiata under rubber forest. Therefore, in order to improve the yield and quality of the continuous cropping Dictyophora indusiata under rubber forest, effectively regulate the quality of continuous cropping soil, it is particularly important to provide suitable understory environmental conditions.
{"title":"Analysis on Continuous Cropping Obstacles of Dicyophora indusiata under RubberForest in Hainan","authors":"红萍 吴","doi":"10.12677/amb.2022.114027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/amb.2022.114027","url":null,"abstract":"In order to explore the reasons for continuous cropping obstacles of Dictyophora indusiata under rubber forest in Hainan province, pure microbial culture technology and BIOLO-ECO microplate were used to analyze the culturable microorganisms, functional microorganisms, functional diversity of microbial communities, physical and chemical properties of soil and enzyme activities in the soil covered by Dictyophora indusiata for different continuous cropping years. The results showed that with the increase of continuous cropping years, soil pH decreased, organic matter and total potassium content decreased significantly, and total nitrogen and total phosphorus content increased significantly; The total number of culturable microorganisms and the number of nitrogen fixing bacteria, aerobic cellulose decomposing bacteria, nitrite bacteria and denitrifying bacteria in the soil increased first and then decreased, reaching the peak in the first year of continuous cropping, showing a trend of transformation from “bacterial” to “fungal” as a whole. Soil sucrose activity decreased first and then increased, while urease and dehydrogenase activity increased first and then decreased. The AWCD values of soil microorganisms of Dictyophora indu-siata under different continuous cropping years were different, and the utilization degree and characteristics of different carbon sources were different. The Shannon index, Simpson index and Pielou index of soil microbial community were not significantly different, and the McIntosh index of soil microbial community in the first year of continuous cropping was significantly lowest. To sum up, the continuous cropping of Dictyophora indusiata under rubber forest affects the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the activity of soil enzyme, and the accumulation of “toxic and by-product” substances produced by the “autolysis” of Dictyophora indusiata affects the number and function of culturable microorganisms and functional microorganisms in the soil, as well as the functional characteristics of the soil microbial community. It can be seen that the change of soil “Micro-environment” may be the main reason for the continuous cropping obstacle of Dictyo-phora indusiata under rubber forest. Therefore, in order to improve the yield and quality of the continuous cropping Dictyophora indusiata under rubber forest, effectively regulate the quality of continuous cropping soil, it is particularly important to provide suitable understory environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":56408,"journal":{"name":"微生物学(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66128329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.12677/amb.2022.112020
毓东 徐
{"title":"Treatment of Eutrophic Water by Immobilized Bacillus","authors":"毓东 徐","doi":"10.12677/amb.2022.112020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/amb.2022.112020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56408,"journal":{"name":"微生物学(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66128527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mirtneh Akalu, T. Abayneh, E. Gelaye, Getaw Derese, Behailu Tefera, T. Degefa, Vemulapati Bhadra Murthy
Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) causes a severe form of pneumonia in all age of cattle. This study was designed to investigate the distribution of capsular types, serotypes, and virulence-associated genes of the major bacterial pathogens from BRD outbreak samples in Ethiopia. In this study 166 samples were collected from clinically sick (n = 107) and pneumonic lung tissue (n = 59). Laboratory assay confirmed isolation of M. haemolytica 37 (22.29%), P. multocida 25 (15.06%), B. trehalosi 12 (7.23%), and H. somni 15 (9.04%). PCR assay of P. multocida capsular typing revealed 21 (84.0%) cap A (hyaD-hyaC) and 4 (16.0%) cap D (dcbF) strains. M. haemolytica serotypes belonged to A: 1, A: 2, and A: 6 from 26 (70.27%), 4 (10.81%), and 7 (18.92%) isolates, respectively. P. multocida biotyping showed isolation of A: 1, A: 2, and A: 3 from 3 (14.29%), 2 (9.52%),
{"title":"Virulence Gene Characterization and Serotyping of Major Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Bovine Respiratory Disease in Ethiopia","authors":"Mirtneh Akalu, T. Abayneh, E. Gelaye, Getaw Derese, Behailu Tefera, T. Degefa, Vemulapati Bhadra Murthy","doi":"10.4236/aim.2022.121002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aim.2022.121002","url":null,"abstract":"Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) causes a severe form of pneumonia in all age of cattle. This study was designed to investigate the distribution of capsular types, serotypes, and virulence-associated genes of the major bacterial pathogens from BRD outbreak samples in Ethiopia. In this study 166 samples were collected from clinically sick (n = 107) and pneumonic lung tissue (n = 59). Laboratory assay confirmed isolation of M. haemolytica 37 (22.29%), P. multocida 25 (15.06%), B. trehalosi 12 (7.23%), and H. somni 15 (9.04%). PCR assay of P. multocida capsular typing revealed 21 (84.0%) cap A (hyaD-hyaC) and 4 (16.0%) cap D (dcbF) strains. M. haemolytica serotypes belonged to A: 1, A: 2, and A: 6 from 26 (70.27%), 4 (10.81%), and 7 (18.92%) isolates, respectively. P. multocida biotyping showed isolation of A: 1, A: 2, and A: 3 from 3 (14.29%), 2 (9.52%),","PeriodicalId":56408,"journal":{"name":"微生物学(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Okafor, Innocent Ekuma, Chioma C. Okey-mbata, U. Ezeamaku, A. Okafor, Felicity N. Arukalam, Ebere O. Eziefuna
{"title":"Investigating the Bioburden of “Neglected” Hospital Low Contact Surfaces","authors":"S. Okafor, Innocent Ekuma, Chioma C. Okey-mbata, U. Ezeamaku, A. Okafor, Felicity N. Arukalam, Ebere O. Eziefuna","doi":"10.4236/aim.2022.125022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aim.2022.125022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56408,"journal":{"name":"微生物学(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deborah Ebunoluwa Adedire, A. O. Jimoh, Zainab Kashim-Bello, Bilyaminu Adam Wase Shuaibu, O. A. Popoola, Kabiru Isa Pate, Onyinyechi Stainless Uzor, Eno Etingwa, Jumoke Florence Joda, Oyetola Olanrewaju Opaleye, Victoria Adejoke Ogunlowo, Kehinde Rukayyat Adeniran, O. Nashiru
{"title":"Microbiome Diversity Analysis of the Bacterial Community in Idah River, Kogi State, Nigeria","authors":"Deborah Ebunoluwa Adedire, A. O. Jimoh, Zainab Kashim-Bello, Bilyaminu Adam Wase Shuaibu, O. A. Popoola, Kabiru Isa Pate, Onyinyechi Stainless Uzor, Eno Etingwa, Jumoke Florence Joda, Oyetola Olanrewaju Opaleye, Victoria Adejoke Ogunlowo, Kehinde Rukayyat Adeniran, O. Nashiru","doi":"10.4236/aim.2022.125025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aim.2022.125025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56408,"journal":{"name":"微生物学(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70486703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Crude Drug Extracts on Trypacidin Production in <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>","authors":"Daigo Wakana, N. Inoue, Hisashi Takeda, T. Hosoe","doi":"10.4236/aim.2022.129037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aim.2022.129037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56408,"journal":{"name":"微生物学(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70487002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Augustus C. Parker, David A. Mintz, F. Solis, P. Marshall
The response of yeast to sharp environmental increases in calcium concentration has been extensively studied. However, systematic studies of the response under more general changes are still lacking. Only limited exploration of cellular responses has been conducted where calcium concentration is decreased. This article describes a set of luminometric experiments that monitor the cytosolic calcium concentration under changing external concentration conditions. As a decrease in external calcium concentrations requires the use of large sample volumes, the experiments require the use of equipment adapted for this purpose. We describe the modification of commercial luminometric equipment to make the exploration possible. We explore the yeast cellular behavior when an increase in external calcium concentration is followed by a decrease in external calcium concentration. We compare these results with those from the case of a double pulse of concentration increase. Results from the experiment show that the first, concentration increasing pulse produces the well-known sharp increase in cytosolic calcium followed by calcium sequestration to return to a cytosolic concentration near its initial condition. Surprisingly, the calcium decrease step shows similar results with a cytosolic increase followed by a return to lower levels. The results suggest the presence of a calcium sensing mechanism regulating calcium influx from external sources. This mechanism would produce channel opening as a response to any changes in external concentration, be it an enhancement or a depletion.
{"title":"Luminometric Studies of Yeast Response to Complex Environmental Calcium Variations Demonstrate Sensing of External Calcium Ion Changes","authors":"Augustus C. Parker, David A. Mintz, F. Solis, P. Marshall","doi":"10.4236/aim.2022.129038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aim.2022.129038","url":null,"abstract":"The response of yeast to sharp environmental increases in calcium concentration has been extensively studied. However, systematic studies of the response under more general changes are still lacking. Only limited exploration of cellular responses has been conducted where calcium concentration is decreased. This article describes a set of luminometric experiments that monitor the cytosolic calcium concentration under changing external concentration conditions. As a decrease in external calcium concentrations requires the use of large sample volumes, the experiments require the use of equipment adapted for this purpose. We describe the modification of commercial luminometric equipment to make the exploration possible. We explore the yeast cellular behavior when an increase in external calcium concentration is followed by a decrease in external calcium concentration. We compare these results with those from the case of a double pulse of concentration increase. Results from the experiment show that the first, concentration increasing pulse produces the well-known sharp increase in cytosolic calcium followed by calcium sequestration to return to a cytosolic concentration near its initial condition. Surprisingly, the calcium decrease step shows similar results with a cytosolic increase followed by a return to lower levels. The results suggest the presence of a calcium sensing mechanism regulating calcium influx from external sources. This mechanism would produce channel opening as a response to any changes in external concentration, be it an enhancement or a depletion.","PeriodicalId":56408,"journal":{"name":"微生物学(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70487048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.12677/amb.2022.112008
玉强 邵
{"title":"Production of DNAs in Large-Quantity, High-Purification, and High-Concentration","authors":"玉强 邵","doi":"10.12677/amb.2022.112008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/amb.2022.112008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56408,"journal":{"name":"微生物学(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66128167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.12677/amb.2022.112013
潘 颜
{"title":"Isolation, Identification and Drug Resistance Analysis of a Strain of Staphylococcus warneri in Swimming Pool Water","authors":"潘 颜","doi":"10.12677/amb.2022.112013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/amb.2022.112013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56408,"journal":{"name":"微生物学(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66128355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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