Pub Date : 2024-01-12DOI: 10.1007/s11467-023-1370-7
Xiuye Liu, Jianhua Zeng
Periodic structures structured as photonic crystals and optical lattices are fascinating for nonlinear waves engineering in the optics and ultracold atoms communities. Moiré photonic and optical lattices — two-dimensional twisted patterns lie somewhere in between perfect periodic structures and aperiodic ones — are a new emerging investigative tool for studying nonlinear localized waves of diverse types. Herein, a theory of two-dimensional spatial localization in nonlinear periodic systems with fractional-order diffraction (linear nonlocality) and moiré optical lattices is investigated. Specifically, the flat-band feature is well preserved in shallow moiré optical lattices which, interact with the defocusing nonlinearity of the media, can support fundamental gap solitons, bound states composed of several fundamental solitons, and topological states (gap vortices) with vortex charge s = 1 and 2, all populated inside the finite gaps of the linear Bloch-wave spectrum. Employing the linear-stability analysis and direct perturbed simulations, the stability and instability properties of all the localized gap modes are surveyed, highlighting a wide stability region within the first gap and a limited one (to the central part) for the third gap. The findings enable insightful studies of highly localized gap modes in linear nonlocality (fractional) physical systems with shallow moiré patterns that exhibit extremely flat bands.
光子晶体和光学晶格结构的周期性结构对于光学和超冷原子领域的非线性波工程来说非常迷人。莫埃光子和光学晶格--介于完美周期结构和非周期性结构之间的二维扭曲图案--是研究各种类型非线性局域波的新兴研究工具。本文研究了具有分数阶衍射(线性非局部性)的非线性周期系统和摩尔纹光栅中的二维空间局部化理论。具体地说,平带特征在浅莫伊里光学晶格中得到了很好的保留,而浅莫伊里光学晶格与介质的非线性失焦相互作用,可以支持基本间隙孤子、由多个基本孤子组成的束缚态以及漩涡电荷 s = 1 和 2 的拓扑态(间隙漩涡),所有这些都填充在线性布洛赫波谱的有限间隙内。利用线性稳定性分析和直接扰动模拟,研究了所有局部间隙模式的稳定性和不稳定性,突出显示了第一个间隙内的广泛稳定性区域和第三个间隙的有限稳定性区域(中央部分)。这些发现有助于深入研究线性非局域(分数)物理系统中的高度局域化间隙模式,这些物理系统具有浅摩尔纹,表现出极其平坦的带状。
{"title":"Two-dimensional localized modes in nonlinear systems with linear nonlocality and moiré lattices","authors":"Xiuye Liu, Jianhua Zeng","doi":"10.1007/s11467-023-1370-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11467-023-1370-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Periodic structures structured as photonic crystals and optical lattices are fascinating for nonlinear waves engineering in the optics and ultracold atoms communities. Moiré photonic and optical lattices — two-dimensional twisted patterns lie somewhere in between perfect periodic structures and aperiodic ones — are a new emerging investigative tool for studying nonlinear localized waves of diverse types. Herein, a theory of two-dimensional spatial localization in nonlinear periodic systems with fractional-order diffraction (linear nonlocality) and moiré optical lattices is investigated. Specifically, the flat-band feature is well preserved in shallow moiré optical lattices which, interact with the defocusing nonlinearity of the media, can support fundamental gap solitons, bound states composed of several fundamental solitons, and topological states (gap vortices) with vortex charge <i>s</i> = 1 and 2, all populated inside the finite gaps of the linear Bloch-wave spectrum. Employing the linear-stability analysis and direct perturbed simulations, the stability and instability properties of all the localized gap modes are surveyed, highlighting a wide stability region within the first gap and a limited one (to the central part) for the third gap. The findings enable insightful studies of highly localized gap modes in linear nonlocality (fractional) physical systems with shallow moiré patterns that exhibit extremely flat bands.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":573,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139434891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Currently, magnetic storage devices are encountering the problem of achieving lightweight and high integration in mobile computing devices during the information age. As a result, there is a growing urgency for two-dimensional half-metallic materials with a high Curie temperature (TC). This study presents a theoretical investigation of the fundamental electromagnetic properties of the monolayer hexagonal lattice of Mn2X3 (X = S, Se, Te). Additionally, the potential application of Mn2X3 as magneto-resistive components is explored. All three of them fall into the category of ferromagnetic half-metals. In particular, the Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the TC of Mn2S3 reachs 381 K, noticeably greater than room temperature. These findings present notable advantages for the application of Mn2S3 in spintronic devices. Hence, a prominent spin filtering effect is apparent when employing non-equilibrium Green’s function simulations to examine the transport parameters. The resulting current magnitude is approximately 2 × 104 nA, while the peak gigantic magnetoresistance exhibits a substantial value of 8.36 × 1016 %. It is noteworthy that the device demonstrates a substantial spin Seebeck effect when the temperature differential between the electrodes is modified. In brief, Mn2X3 exhibits outstanding features as a high TC half-metal, exhibiting exceptional capabilities in electrical and thermal drives spin transport. Therefore, it holds great potential for usage in spintronics applications.
{"title":"Spin transport of half-metal Mn2X3 with high Curie temperature: An ideal giant magnetoresistance device from electrical and thermal drives","authors":"Bin Liu, Xiaolin Zhang, Jingxian Xiong, Xiuyang Pang, Sheng Liu, Zixin Yang, Qiang Yu, Honggen Li, Sicong Zhu, Jian Wu","doi":"10.1007/s11467-023-1367-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11467-023-1367-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Currently, magnetic storage devices are encountering the problem of achieving lightweight and high integration in mobile computing devices during the information age. As a result, there is a growing urgency for two-dimensional half-metallic materials with a high Curie temperature (<i>T</i><sub>C</sub>). This study presents a theoretical investigation of the fundamental electromagnetic properties of the monolayer hexagonal lattice of Mn<sub>2</sub>X<sub>3</sub> (X = S, Se, Te). Additionally, the potential application of Mn<sub>2</sub>X<sub>3</sub> as magneto-resistive components is explored. All three of them fall into the category of ferromagnetic half-metals. In particular, the Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the <i>T</i><sub>C</sub> of Mn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> reachs 381 K, noticeably greater than room temperature. These findings present notable advantages for the application of Mn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> in spintronic devices. Hence, a prominent spin filtering effect is apparent when employing non-equilibrium Green’s function simulations to examine the transport parameters. The resulting current magnitude is approximately 2 × 10<sup>4</sup> nA, while the peak gigantic magnetoresistance exhibits a substantial value of 8.36 × 10<sup>16</sup> %. It is noteworthy that the device demonstrates a substantial spin Seebeck effect when the temperature differential between the electrodes is modified. In brief, Mn<sub>2</sub>X<sub>3</sub> exhibits outstanding features as a high <i>T</i><sub>C</sub> half-metal, exhibiting exceptional capabilities in electrical and thermal drives spin transport. Therefore, it holds great potential for usage in spintronics applications.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":573,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139105482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vortex wave and plane wave, as two most fundamental forms of wave propagation, are widely applied in various research fields. However, there is currently a lack of basic mechanism to enable arbitrary conversion between them. In this paper, we propose a new paradigm of extremely anisotropic acoustic metasurface (AM) to achieve the efficient conversion from 2D vortex waves with arbitrary orbital angular momentum (OAM) to plane waves. The underlying physics of this conversion process is ensured by the symmetry shift of AM medium parameters and the directional compensation of phase. Moreover, this novel phenomenon is further verified by analytical calculations, numerical demonstrations, and acoustic experiments, and the deflection angle and direction of the converted plane waves are qualitatively and quantitatively confirmed by a simple formula. Our work provides new possibilities for arbitrary manipulation of acoustic vortex, and holds potential applications in acoustic communication and OAM-based devices.
{"title":"Efficient conversion of acoustic vortex using extremely anisotropic metasurface","authors":"Zhanlei Hao, Haojie Chen, Yuhang Yin, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Shan Zhu, Huanyang Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11467-023-1371-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11467-023-1371-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vortex wave and plane wave, as two most fundamental forms of wave propagation, are widely applied in various research fields. However, there is currently a lack of basic mechanism to enable arbitrary conversion between them. In this paper, we propose a new paradigm of extremely anisotropic acoustic metasurface (AM) to achieve the efficient conversion from 2D vortex waves with arbitrary orbital angular momentum (OAM) to plane waves. The underlying physics of this conversion process is ensured by the symmetry shift of AM medium parameters and the directional compensation of phase. Moreover, this novel phenomenon is further verified by analytical calculations, numerical demonstrations, and acoustic experiments, and the deflection angle and direction of the converted plane waves are qualitatively and quantitatively confirmed by a simple formula. Our work provides new possibilities for arbitrary manipulation of acoustic vortex, and holds potential applications in acoustic communication and OAM-based devices.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":573,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139109763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.1007/s11467-023-1369-0
Chaowei He, Jiantian Zhang, Li Gong, Peng Yu
Two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectric materials, which possess electrically switchable spontaneous polarization and can be easily integrated with semiconductor technologies, is of utmost importance in the advancement of high-integration low-power nanoelectronics. Despite the experimental discovery of certain 2D ferroelectric materials such as CuInP2S6 and In2Se3, achieving stable ferroelectricity at room temperature in these materials continues to present a significant challenge. Herein, stable ferroelectric order at room temperature in the 2D limit is demonstrated in van der Waals SnP2S6 atom layers, which can be fabricated via mechanical exfoliation of bulk SnP2S6 crystals. Switchable polarization is observed in thin SnP2S6 of ∼7 nm. Importantly, a van der Waals ferroelectric field-effect transistor (Fe-FET) with ferroelectric SnP2S6 as top-gate insulator and p-type WTe0.6Se1.4 as the channel was designed and fabricated successfully, which exhibits a clear clockwise hysteresis loop in transfer characteristics, demonstrating ferroelectric properties of SnP2S6 atomic layers. In addition, a multilayer graphene/SnP2S6/multilayer graphene van der Waals vertical heterostructure phototransistor was also fabricated successfully, exhibiting improved optoelectronic performances with a responsivity (R) of 2.9 A/W and a detectivity (D) of 1.4 × 1012 Jones. Our results show that SnP2S6 is a promising 2D ferroelectric material for ferroelectric-integrated low-power 2D devices.
{"title":"Room-temperature ferroelectricity in van der Waals SnP2S6","authors":"Chaowei He, Jiantian Zhang, Li Gong, Peng Yu","doi":"10.1007/s11467-023-1369-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11467-023-1369-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectric materials, which possess electrically switchable spontaneous polarization and can be easily integrated with semiconductor technologies, is of utmost importance in the advancement of high-integration low-power nanoelectronics. Despite the experimental discovery of certain 2D ferroelectric materials such as CuInP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub> and In<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>, achieving stable ferroelectricity at room temperature in these materials continues to present a significant challenge. Herein, stable ferroelectric order at room temperature in the 2D limit is demonstrated in van der Waals SnP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub> atom layers, which can be fabricated via mechanical exfoliation of bulk SnP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub> crystals. Switchable polarization is observed in thin SnP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub> of ∼7 nm. Importantly, a van der Waals ferroelectric field-effect transistor (Fe-FET) with ferroelectric SnP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub> as top-gate insulator and p-type WTe<sub>0.6</sub>Se<sub>1.4</sub> as the channel was designed and fabricated successfully, which exhibits a clear clockwise hysteresis loop in transfer characteristics, demonstrating ferroelectric properties of SnP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub> atomic layers. In addition, a multilayer graphene/SnP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub>/multilayer graphene van der Waals vertical heterostructure phototransistor was also fabricated successfully, exhibiting improved optoelectronic performances with a responsivity (<i>R</i>) of 2.9 A/W and a detectivity (<i>D</i>) of 1.4 × 10<sup>12</sup> Jones. Our results show that SnP<sub>2</sub>S<sub>6</sub> is a promising 2D ferroelectric material for ferroelectric-integrated low-power 2D devices.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":573,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139103585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vortex beam with fractional orbital angular momentum (FOAM) is the excellent candidate for improving the capacity of free-space optical (FSO) communication system due to its infinite modes. Therefore, the recognition of FOAM modes with higher resolution is always of great concern. In this work, through an improved EfficientNetV2 based convolutional neural network (CNN), we experimentally achieve the implementation of the recognition of FOAM modes with a resolution as high as 0.001. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time this high resolution has been achieved. Under the strong atmospheric turbulence (AT) ((C_n^2 = {10^{ - 15}},{{rm{m}}^{ - 2/3}})), the recognition accuracy of FOAM modes at 0.1 and 0.01 resolution with our model is up to 99.12% and 92.24% for a long transmission distance of 2000 m. Even for the resolution at 0.001, the recognition accuracy can still remain at 78.77%. This work provides an effective method for the recognition of FOAM modes, which may largely improve the channel capacity of the free-space optical communication.
{"title":"High-resolution recognition of FOAM modes via an improved EfficientNet V2 based convolutional neural network","authors":"Youzhi Shi, Zuhai Ma, Hongyu Chen, Yougang Ke, Yu Chen, Xinxing Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s11467-023-1373-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11467-023-1373-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vortex beam with fractional orbital angular momentum (FOAM) is the excellent candidate for improving the capacity of free-space optical (FSO) communication system due to its infinite modes. Therefore, the recognition of FOAM modes with higher resolution is always of great concern. In this work, through an improved EfficientNetV2 based convolutional neural network (CNN), we experimentally achieve the implementation of the recognition of FOAM modes with a resolution as high as 0.001. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time this high resolution has been achieved. Under the strong atmospheric turbulence (AT) <span>((C_n^2 = {10^{ - 15}},{{rm{m}}^{ - 2/3}}))</span>, the recognition accuracy of FOAM modes at 0.1 and 0.01 resolution with our model is up to 99.12% and 92.24% for a long transmission distance of 2000 m. Even for the resolution at 0.001, the recognition accuracy can still remain at 78.77%. This work provides an effective method for the recognition of FOAM modes, which may largely improve the channel capacity of the free-space optical communication.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":573,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139103739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-02DOI: 10.1007/s11467-023-1372-5
Renfei Zheng, Jieli Qin, Bing Chen, Xingdong Zhao, Lu Zhou
Atom interferometer has been proven to be a powerful tool for precision metrology. Here we propose a cavity-aided nonlinear atom interferometer, based on the quasi-periodic spin mixing dynamics of an atomic spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensate trapped in an optical cavity. We unravel that the phase sensitivity can be greatly enhanced with the cavity-mediated nonlinear interaction. The influence of encoding phase, splitting time and recombining time on phase sensitivity are carefully studied. In addition, we demonstrate a dynamical phase transition in the system. Around the criticality, a small cavity light field variation can arouse a strong response of the atomic condensate, which can serve as a new resource for enhanced sensing. This work provides a robust protocol for cavity-enhanced metrology.
{"title":"Cavity-enhanced metrology in an atomic spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensate","authors":"Renfei Zheng, Jieli Qin, Bing Chen, Xingdong Zhao, Lu Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s11467-023-1372-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11467-023-1372-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Atom interferometer has been proven to be a powerful tool for precision metrology. Here we propose a cavity-aided nonlinear atom interferometer, based on the quasi-periodic spin mixing dynamics of an atomic spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensate trapped in an optical cavity. We unravel that the phase sensitivity can be greatly enhanced with the cavity-mediated nonlinear interaction. The influence of encoding phase, splitting time and recombining time on phase sensitivity are carefully studied. In addition, we demonstrate a dynamical phase transition in the system. Around the criticality, a small cavity light field variation can arouse a strong response of the atomic condensate, which can serve as a new resource for enhanced sensing. This work provides a robust protocol for cavity-enhanced metrology.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":573,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139078637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.1007/s11467-023-1368-1
Minghui Xu, Yan Zhao, Xiang Ding, Huaqian Leng, Shu Zhang, Jie Gong, Haiyan Xiao, Xiaotao Zu, Huiqian Luo, Ke-Jin Zhou, Bing Huang, Liang Qiao
The discovery of nickelates superconductor creates exciting opportunities to unconventional superconductivity. However, its synthesis is challenging and only a few groups worldwide can obtain samples with zero-resistance. This problem becomes the major barrier for this field. From plume dynamics perspective, we found the synthesis of superconducting nickelates is a complex process and the challenge is twofold, i.e., how to stabilize an ideal infinite-layer structure Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2, and then how to make Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2 superconducting? The competition between perovskite Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO3 and Ruddlesden–Popper defect phase is crucial for obtaining infinite-layer structure. Due to inequivalent angular distributions of condensate during laser ablation, the laser energy density is critical to obtain phase-pure Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO3. However, for obtaining superconductivity, both laser energy density and substrate temperature are very important. We also demonstrate the superconducting Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2 epitaxial film is very stable in ambient conditions up to 512 days. Our results provide important insights for fabrication of superconducting infinite-layer nickelates towards future device applications.
{"title":"Optimization for epitaxial fabrication of infinite-layer nickelate superconductors","authors":"Minghui Xu, Yan Zhao, Xiang Ding, Huaqian Leng, Shu Zhang, Jie Gong, Haiyan Xiao, Xiaotao Zu, Huiqian Luo, Ke-Jin Zhou, Bing Huang, Liang Qiao","doi":"10.1007/s11467-023-1368-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11467-023-1368-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The discovery of nickelates superconductor creates exciting opportunities to unconventional superconductivity. However, its synthesis is challenging and only a few groups worldwide can obtain samples with zero-resistance. This problem becomes the major barrier for this field. From plume dynamics perspective, we found the synthesis of superconducting nickelates is a complex process and the challenge is twofold, i.e., how to stabilize an ideal infinite-layer structure Nd<sub>0.8</sub>Sr<sub>0.2</sub>NiO<sub>2</sub>, and then how to make Nd<sub>0.8</sub>Sr<sub>0.2</sub>NiO<sub>2</sub> superconducting? The competition between perovskite Nd<sub>0.8</sub>Sr<sub>0.2</sub>NiO<sub>3</sub> and Ruddlesden–Popper defect phase is crucial for obtaining infinite-layer structure. Due to inequivalent angular distributions of condensate during laser ablation, the laser energy density is critical to obtain phase-pure Nd<sub>0.8</sub>Sr<sub>0.2</sub>NiO<sub>3</sub>. However, for obtaining superconductivity, both laser energy density and substrate temperature are very important. We also demonstrate the superconducting Nd<sub>0.8</sub>Sr<sub>0.2</sub>NiO<sub>2</sub> epitaxial film is very stable in ambient conditions up to 512 days. Our results provide important insights for fabrication of superconducting infinite-layer nickelates towards future device applications.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":573,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139054445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.1007/s11467-023-1364-5
Kexin Zhang, Hugo V. Lepage, Ying Dong, Crispin H. W. Barnes
We study how to use the surface states in a Bi2Se3 topological insulator ultra-thin film that are affected by finite size effects for the purpose of quantum computing. We demonstrate that: (i) surface states under the finite size effect can effectively form a two-level system where their energy levels lie in between the bulk energy gap and a logic qubit can be constructed, (ii) the qubit can be initialized and manipulated using electric pulses of simple forms, (iii) two-qubit entanglement is achieved through a (sqrt {{rm{SWAP}}} ) operation when the two qubits are in a parallel setup, and (iv) alternatively, a Floquet state can be exploited to construct a qubit and two Floquet qubits can be entangled through a Controlled-NOT operation. The Floquet qubit offers robustness to background noise since there is always an oscillating electric field applied, and the single qubit operations are controlled by amplitude modulation of the oscillating field, which is convenient experimentally.
{"title":"Charge qubits based on ultra-thin topological insulator films","authors":"Kexin Zhang, Hugo V. Lepage, Ying Dong, Crispin H. W. Barnes","doi":"10.1007/s11467-023-1364-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11467-023-1364-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study how to use the surface states in a Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> topological insulator ultra-thin film that are affected by finite size effects for the purpose of quantum computing. We demonstrate that: (i) surface states under the finite size effect can effectively form a two-level system where their energy levels lie in between the bulk energy gap and a logic qubit can be constructed, (ii) the qubit can be initialized and manipulated using electric pulses of simple forms, (iii) two-qubit entanglement is achieved through a <span>(sqrt {{rm{SWAP}}} )</span> operation when the two qubits are in a parallel setup, and (iv) alternatively, a Floquet state can be exploited to construct a qubit and two Floquet qubits can be entangled through a Controlled-NOT operation. The Floquet qubit offers robustness to background noise since there is always an oscillating electric field applied, and the single qubit operations are controlled by amplitude modulation of the oscillating field, which is convenient experimentally.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":573,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139054436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.1007/s11467-023-1363-6
Xiangkun Zeng, Chenyu Wan, Zhichen Zhao, Di Huang, Zhanshan Wang, Xinbin Cheng, Tao Jiang
Two-dimensional (2D) materials exhibit exceptionally strong nonlinear optical responses, benefiting from their reduced dimensionality, relaxed phase-matching requirements, and enhanced light-matter interaction. With additional degrees of freedom in the modulation of the physical properties by stacking 2D layers together, nonlinear optics of 2D heterostructures becomes increasingly fascinating. In this perspective, we provide a brief overview of recent advances in the field of nonlinear optics of 2D heterostructures, with a particular focus on their remarkable capabilities in characterization and modulation. Given the recent advances and the emergence of novel heterostructures, combined with innovative tuning knobs and advanced nonlinear optical techniques, we anticipate deeper insights into the underlying mechanisms and more associated applications in this rapidly evolving field.
{"title":"Nonlinear optics of two-dimensional heterostructures","authors":"Xiangkun Zeng, Chenyu Wan, Zhichen Zhao, Di Huang, Zhanshan Wang, Xinbin Cheng, Tao Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s11467-023-1363-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11467-023-1363-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two-dimensional (2D) materials exhibit exceptionally strong nonlinear optical responses, benefiting from their reduced dimensionality, relaxed phase-matching requirements, and enhanced light-matter interaction. With additional degrees of freedom in the modulation of the physical properties by stacking 2D layers together, nonlinear optics of 2D heterostructures becomes increasingly fascinating. In this perspective, we provide a brief overview of recent advances in the field of nonlinear optics of 2D heterostructures, with a particular focus on their remarkable capabilities in characterization and modulation. Given the recent advances and the emergence of novel heterostructures, combined with innovative tuning knobs and advanced nonlinear optical techniques, we anticipate deeper insights into the underlying mechanisms and more associated applications in this rapidly evolving field.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":573,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138745545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.1007/s11467-023-1366-3
Wen-Qiang Liu, Zhang-qi Yin
Boson sampling has been theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated to show quantum computational advantages. However, it still lacks the deep understanding of the practical applications of boson sampling. Here we propose that boson sampling can be used to efficiently simulate the work distribution of multiple identical bosons. We link the work distribution to boson sampling and numerically calculate the transition amplitude matrix between the single-boson eigenstates in a one-dimensional quantum piston system, and then map the matrix to a linear optical network of boson sampling. The work distribution can be efficiently simulated by the output probabilities of boson sampling using the method of the grouped probability estimation. The scheme requires at most a polynomial number of the samples and the optical elements. Our work opens up a new path towards the calculation of complex quantum work distribution using only photons and linear optics.
{"title":"Efficiently simulating the work distribution of multiple identical bosons with boson sampling","authors":"Wen-Qiang Liu, Zhang-qi Yin","doi":"10.1007/s11467-023-1366-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11467-023-1366-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Boson sampling has been theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated to show quantum computational advantages. However, it still lacks the deep understanding of the practical applications of boson sampling. Here we propose that boson sampling can be used to efficiently simulate the work distribution of multiple identical bosons. We link the work distribution to boson sampling and numerically calculate the transition amplitude matrix between the single-boson eigenstates in a one-dimensional quantum piston system, and then map the matrix to a linear optical network of boson sampling. The work distribution can be efficiently simulated by the output probabilities of boson sampling using the method of the grouped probability estimation. The scheme requires at most a polynomial number of the samples and the optical elements. Our work opens up a new path towards the calculation of complex quantum work distribution using only photons and linear optics.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":573,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138745597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}