Ganoderma lucidum is a wildly used medicinal mushroom and has been used in East Asia because of its health-benefit effects. G. lucidum contains various compounds with different biological activities, which include anti-tumour, anti-viral, and anti-malaria effect. Ganoderic acid (GA) is a triterpenoid from G. lucidum. The biosynthesis of GA in G. lucidum is induced by stressors including various elicitors or signaling molecules, and artificially placing elicitors would enhance GA production. In this paper, bioactivities and potential applications of GAs would be focused, and the elicitation strategies for GA production are also highlighted based on the fundamental role of ROS, JA, Ca2+ and NO, which would shed light to developing a novel approach to manipulating the biosynthesis of GA in the future.
{"title":"The Pharmacological Effects of Triterpenoids from Ganoderma lucidum and the Regulation of Its Biosynthesis","authors":"Si-yue Chen","doi":"10.4236/abc.2020.102005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/abc.2020.102005","url":null,"abstract":"Ganoderma lucidum is a wildly used medicinal \u0000mushroom and has been used in East Asia because of its health-benefit effects. G. lucidum contains various compounds \u0000with different biological activities, which include anti-tumour, anti-viral, \u0000and anti-malaria effect. Ganoderic acid (GA) is a triterpenoid from G. lucidum. The biosynthesis of GA in G. lucidum is induced by stressors including various elicitors or signaling \u0000molecules, and artificially placing elicitors would enhance GA production. In \u0000this paper, bioactivities and potential applications of GAs would be focused, \u0000and the elicitation strategies for GA production are also highlighted based on the fundamental role of ROS, JA, Ca2+ and NO, which would shed light to developing a novel approach to manipulating \u0000the biosynthesis of GA in the future.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41914187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coordination compounds of (±)-2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid and their mixed ligand complexes with 1,10-phenantroline were synthesized, characterized using electronic and infrared spectral analyses and magnetic susceptibility. The compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Four different assays were applied for evaluating antioxidant capacity of the compounds. The results obtained indicated a diametric square planar geometry for both cobalt (±)-2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid complex and its mixed ligand complex. It was suggested that for the binary cobalt(II) complex, the phenolic substituent coordinated with neighbouring central metal ions. However, for the ternary cobalt(II) complex it was suggested it was deprotonated. Octahedral geometry was proposed for both copper complexes. Square planar geometry was indicated for the nickel (±)-2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid complex and a mixture of square planar and octahedral geometry for the nickel mixed ligand complex. The cobalt mixed ligand complex elicited the highest activity for all the antioxidant assays. In most cases the binary complexes exhibited better antimicrobial activities relative to their ternary counterparts.
{"title":"Syntheses of Coordination Compounds of (±)-2-Amino-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)Propionic Acid, Mixed Ligand Complexes and Their Biological Activities","authors":"T. Aiyelabola, E. Akinkunmi, Raphael Akinade","doi":"10.4236/abc.2020.102003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/abc.2020.102003","url":null,"abstract":"Coordination compounds of \u0000(±)-2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid and \u0000their mixed ligand complexes with 1,10-phenantroline were synthesized, characterized using electronic and \u0000infrared spectral analyses and magnetic susceptibility. The compounds were \u0000evaluated for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Four different assays \u0000were applied for evaluating antioxidant capacity of the compounds. The results \u0000obtained indicated a diametric square planar geometry for both cobalt (±)-2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic \u0000acid complex and its mixed ligand \u0000complex. It was suggested that for the binary cobalt(II) complex, the phenolic \u0000substituent coordinated with neighbouring \u0000central metal ions. However, for the ternary cobalt(II) complex it was suggested it was deprotonated. Octahedral geometry was \u0000proposed for both copper complexes. Square planar geometry was indicated for the nickel (±)-2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid complex and a mixture of \u0000square planar and octahedral geometry for the nickel mixed ligand complex. The \u0000cobalt mixed ligand complex elicited the highest activity for all the \u0000antioxidant assays. In most cases the binary complexes exhibited better antimicrobial activities relative \u0000to their ternary counterparts.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45924850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. O. Muyiwa, N. S. Emmanuel, F. M. Yahuza, M. Aliyu, C. Inegbenosun, I. Musah
The experiment was conducted to evaluate the acute toxicity of aqueous extract of Adenium obesum stem bark in juveniles of Clarias gariepinus by assessing the hematological responses of the exposed groups compared to the control in a static non-renewal bioassay for 96 hours. The fishes (N = 180, mean weight and length 21.48 ± 3.32 g and 11.37 ± 1.23 cm) respectively were randomly distributed 10 (ten) fishes per group in triplicates constituting six experimental groups as follows; G1 (Control), G2 (6.5 mg/l), G3 (7.8 mg/l), G4 (8.5 mg/l), G5 (9.5 mg/l) and G6 (11.5 mg/l). Red blood cell (RBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV) and hemoglobin concentration were decreased significantly (P Adenium obesum stem bark is toxic to erythrocytes while a converse adaptive response in the white blood cells.
{"title":"Physico-Chemical Evaluation and Hematological Responses in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Juveniles Exposed to Adenium obesum Stem Bark Acute Bioassay","authors":"B. O. Muyiwa, N. S. Emmanuel, F. M. Yahuza, M. Aliyu, C. Inegbenosun, I. Musah","doi":"10.4236/abc.2020.102004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/abc.2020.102004","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted to evaluate the acute \u0000toxicity of aqueous extract of Adenium obesum stem bark in juveniles of Clarias \u0000gariepinus by assessing the hematological responses of the exposed groups \u0000compared to the control in a static non-renewal bioassay for 96 hours. The \u0000fishes (N = 180, mean weight and length 21.48 ± 3.32 g and 11.37 ± 1.23 \u0000cm) respectively were randomly distributed 10 (ten) fishes per group in \u0000triplicates constituting six experimental groups as follows; G1 (Control), G2 \u0000(6.5 mg/l), G3 (7.8 mg/l), G4 (8.5 mg/l), G5 (9.5 mg/l) and G6 (11.5 mg/l). Red blood cell (RBC) count, packed cell \u0000volume (PCV) and hemoglobin concentration were decreased significantly (P Adenium \u0000obesum stem bark is toxic to erythrocytes while a converse adaptive \u0000response in the white blood cells.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46382515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wilson Lamayi Danbature, Zaccheus Shehu, Mela Yoro, M. M. Adam
Synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles has employed many applications especially as larvicidal agents, these bimetallic nanoparticles therefore need to be produced via a cost-effective and eco-friendly route. Here, green synthesis of Ag-Co hybrid nanoparticles obtained from aqueous root extract of palmyra palm was reported. The hybrid nanoparticles formation was noticed by a colour change from light pink to light brown and further studied using UV-Vis and FT-IR spectrophotometers. The maximum absorption wavelength, λmax as determined by the UV-Visible Spectrophotometer was found to be 420 nm. The FT-IR showed the formation and stabilization of the BMNPs. The nanolarvicidal potency was evaluated by the application of varying concentration ranging from 5 to 50 mg/L against first to fourth instars of larvae and recording the percentage mortality after 24 hours. Probit analysis showed the LC50 and LC90 for 1st instar to be 5.237 mg/L and 49.240 mg/L, 9.310 mg/L and 94.969 mg/L for 2nd instar, 13.626 mg/L and 105.542 mg/L for 3rd/4th instars respectively. This result therefore suggests that the nanoparticles can be used as potential control for larval population growth.
{"title":"Nanolarvicidal Effect of Green Synthesized Ag-Co Bimetallic Nanoparticles on Culex quinquefasciatus Mosquito","authors":"Wilson Lamayi Danbature, Zaccheus Shehu, Mela Yoro, M. M. Adam","doi":"10.4236/abc.2020.101002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/abc.2020.101002","url":null,"abstract":"Synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles has \u0000employed many applications especially as larvicidal agents, these bimetallic \u0000nanoparticles therefore need to be produced via a cost-effective and eco-friendly route. Here, green \u0000synthesis of Ag-Co hybrid nanoparticles obtained from aqueous root extract of \u0000palmyra palm was reported. The hybrid nanoparticles formation was noticed by a \u0000colour change from light pink to light brown and further studied using UV-Vis and FT-IR spectrophotometers. The maximum \u0000absorption wavelength, λmax as determined by the UV-Visible \u0000Spectrophotometer was found to be 420 nm. The FT-IR showed the \u0000formation and stabilization of the BMNPs. The nanolarvicidal potency was \u0000evaluated by the application of varying concentration ranging from 5 to 50 mg/L against first to fourth instars of larvae \u0000and recording the percentage mortality after 24 hours. Probit analysis showed \u0000the LC50 and LC90 for 1st instar to be 5.237 mg/L and 49.240 mg/L, 9.310 mg/L and 94.969 mg/L for 2nd instar, 13.626 mg/L and 105.542 mg/L for 3rd/4th instars \u0000respectively. This result therefore suggests that the nanoparticles can be used \u0000as potential control for larval population growth.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42639316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Experimental determination of BCFs is expensive and demanding if performed correctly. Because of this, measuring the BCFs of many thousands of chemical substances that are potential regulatory interest is simply not possible. Hence, prediction of BCFs of the PCBs based on QSAR were made time to time to increase the probability of success and reduce the time and cost in exploring the toxicological and ecological characteristics of molecules. DFT methods are, in general, capable of generating a variety of isolated molecular descriptors as well as local reactivity descriptors quite accurately. In this work, prediction of BCFs of the fifty seven PCBs based on quantum chemical descriptors derived from DFT method using the B88-PW91 GGA energy function with the DZVP basis set have been made. The study concluded that dipole moment and ionization potential are reliable descriptors for correlation of bioconcentration factors of polychlorinated biphenyls with their electronic structures. The resulted QSAR model (r2 = 0.9139, = 0.8986, k = 2, SE = 0.2668) can be useful for predicting the BCFs of compounds prior to their synthesis.
如果操作正确，实验测定BCFs是昂贵和苛刻的。正因为如此，测量数千种具有潜在监管利益的化学物质的BCFs根本是不可能的。因此，基于QSAR对多氯联苯的BCFs进行预测，增加了成功的概率，减少了探索分子毒理学和生态学特性的时间和成本。一般来说，DFT方法能够相当准确地生成各种孤立分子描述符以及局部反应性描述符。本文采用DFT方法，利用B88-PW91 GGA能量函数和DZVP基集，对57种多氯联苯的BCFs进行了基于量子化学描述子的预测。研究表明，偶极矩和电离势是多氯联苯生物富集因子与其电子结构相关性的可靠描述符。所建立的QSAR模型(r2 = 0.9139， = 0.8986, k = 2, SE = 0.2668)可用于预测化合物合成前的BCFs。
{"title":"DFT-Based Prediction of Bioconcentration Factors of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Fish Species Using Molecular Descriptors","authors":"A. Soni, Pratibha Singh, V. K. Sahu","doi":"10.4236/abc.2020.101001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/abc.2020.101001","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental determination of BCFs is expensive and demanding if \u0000performed correctly. Because of this, measuring the BCFs of many thousands of \u0000chemical substances that are potential regulatory interest is simply not \u0000possible. Hence, prediction of BCFs of the PCBs based on QSAR were made time to time to \u0000increase the probability of success and reduce the time and cost in exploring \u0000the toxicological and ecological characteristics of molecules. DFT methods are, \u0000in general, capable of generating a variety of isolated molecular descriptors \u0000as well as local reactivity descriptors quite accurately. In this work, \u0000prediction of BCFs of the fifty seven PCBs based on quantum chemical \u0000descriptors derived from DFT method using the B88-PW91 GGA energy function with \u0000the DZVP basis set have been made. The study concluded that dipole moment and ionization \u0000potential are reliable descriptors for correlation of bioconcentration factors \u0000of polychlorinated biphenyls with their electronic \u0000structures. The resulted QSAR model (r2 = 0.9139, \u0000 = 0.8986, k = 2, SE = \u00000.2668) can be useful for predicting the BCFs of compounds prior to their \u0000synthesis.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41984233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper reports the most prominent contributions in the field of biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles from poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) used as a protein/drug delivery. We use a combination of Human Serum Albumin (HSA)-superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) loaded PLGA nanoparticles. To obtain protein stabilization, the optimization of each step of synthesis nanoparticle is required. One of the most common problems in encapsulating protein to PLGA nanoparticles is the presence of several challenges as a problem of instability. We explained how the effect of the various sonication processing on the synthesis HSA-SPIONs loaded PLGA nanoparticles would be one of the crucial parameters for stability.
{"title":"Effects of Sonication Processing on the Behavior of the Synthesis Human Serum Albumin-SPIONs Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles","authors":"S. Vidawati, S. Barbosa, P. Taboada, V. Mosquera","doi":"10.4236/abc.2019.96014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/abc.2019.96014","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the most prominent contributions in the field of \u0000biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles from poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) used as a \u0000protein/drug delivery. We use a combination of Human Serum Albumin (HSA)-superparamagnetic iron oxide \u0000nanoparticles (SPIONs) loaded PLGA nanoparticles. To obtain protein \u0000stabilization, the optimization of each step of synthesis nanoparticle is \u0000required. One of the most common problems in encapsulating protein to PLGA \u0000nanoparticles is the presence of several challenges as a problem of \u0000instability. We explained how the effect of the various sonication processing \u0000on the synthesis HSA-SPIONs \u0000loaded PLGA nanoparticles would be one of the crucial parameters for stability.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42446901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deqing Yang, Rong Liu, Yongsheng Wang, Minrui Ou, Junjie Gu
Amino acids have been extracted from Hairtail surimi using enzymes in an ultra-high pressure bioreactor. The extraction efficiency of different enzymes including papain, trypsin, and proteases (acid, neutral, alkaline) also has been evaluated, and it has been discovered that neutral protease behaved the best. The amino acids were analyzed using automatic amino acid analyzer, and the enzymatic digestion conditions were optimized. For neutral protease, the optimal condition was 50℃, 250 MPa, pH 7.0. Material to liquid ratio of enzyme is 6%. More than 29 amino acids were detected after 24 hours of hydrolysis; the enzymatic hydrolysis rate can reach 83.29%. The results show that enzymatic digestion under ultra-high-pressure provides a very promising approach to extract amino acids from Hairtail surimi.
{"title":"Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Hairtail Surimi in an Ultra-High Pressure Bioreactor","authors":"Deqing Yang, Rong Liu, Yongsheng Wang, Minrui Ou, Junjie Gu","doi":"10.4236/abc.2019.96015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/abc.2019.96015","url":null,"abstract":"Amino acids have been extracted from Hairtail surimi using enzymes in an \u0000ultra-high pressure bioreactor. The extraction efficiency of different enzymes \u0000including papain, trypsin, and proteases (acid, neutral, alkaline) also has \u0000been evaluated, and it has been discovered that neutral protease behaved the \u0000best. The amino acids were analyzed using automatic amino acid analyzer, and the enzymatic \u0000digestion conditions were optimized. For neutral protease, the optimal \u0000condition was 50℃, 250 MPa, pH 7.0. Material to \u0000liquid ratio of enzyme is 6%. More than 29 amino acids \u0000were detected after 24 hours of hydrolysis; the enzymatic hydrolysis rate can \u0000reach 83.29%. The results show that enzymatic digestion under \u0000ultra-high-pressure provides a very promising approach to extract amino acids \u0000from Hairtail surimi.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44312814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mauritia arabica shell (MAS), is widely applied as a Chinese tradition medicine after thermal decomposition. However, it is still uncertain how the thermal decomposition process affects the physicochemical properties of MAS. Moreover, the influences of these properties on the bioavailability have not been well understood. In this investigation, a temperature-programmed pyrolysis process is applied to calcine MAS to achieve the desired MAS with different physicochemical properties. The results showed that a weight loss of 43.27% - 44.73% was detected after MAS was calcined at 900°C, which was mainly attributed to the decomposition of protein, the phase transition of calcium carbonate from aragonite to calcite, and the decomposition of calcium carbonate. The activation energy in the heating duration was calculated by applying the Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose model (KAS), which was 58.13 kJ/mol for crystalline transformation and 181.27 kJ/mol for decomposition. Besides,according to the analyses from Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) tests, the crystalline of calcium carbonate in MAS was aragonite. These results provide beneficial temperature parameters for the pretreatments of MAS for pharmaceutical usages.
{"title":"Physicochemical Characteristics of Mauritia arabica Shell with High Temperature Calcination","authors":"Di Zhang, Jiaxin Yao, Ying-li Wang","doi":"10.4236/abc.2019.95012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/abc.2019.95012","url":null,"abstract":"Mauritia arabica shell (MAS), is widely applied as a Chinese tradition medicine after thermal decomposition. However, it is still uncertain how the thermal decomposition process affects the physicochemical properties of MAS. Moreover, the influences of these properties on the bioavailability have not been well understood. In this investigation, a temperature-programmed pyrolysis process is applied to calcine MAS to achieve the desired MAS with different physicochemical properties. The results showed that a weight loss of 43.27% - 44.73% was detected after MAS was calcined at 900°C, which was mainly attributed to the decomposition of protein, the phase transition of calcium carbonate from aragonite to calcite, and the decomposition of calcium carbonate. The activation energy in the heating duration was calculated by applying the Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose model (KAS), which was 58.13 kJ/mol for crystalline transformation and 181.27 kJ/mol for decomposition. Besides,according to the analyses from Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) tests, the crystalline of calcium carbonate in MAS was aragonite. These results provide beneficial temperature parameters for the pretreatments of MAS for pharmaceutical usages.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48334213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Frassini, Yeslei Paulino da Silva, S. Moura, Leonardo Zambotti Villela, A. P. Martins, P. Colepicolo, M. Fujii, N. Yokoya, C. Pereira, Vagner Reinaldo Zingalli Bueno Pereira, J. P. Henriques, M. Roesch-Ely
Background/Aim: Antarctic seaweeds are considered a promising source of compounds with anticancer activity. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most incident cancers with high mortality rates worldwide. This work aimed to characterize chemically extracts of the Antarctic macroalgae Iridaea cordata, Cystosphaera jacquinotii and Desmarestia anceps and to evaluate the cytotoxic effects against human colon cancer HCT 116 cell line. Materials and Methods: The extracts were obtained by depletion using an ultrasound probe and were identified by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Results: Hexanic and chloroform extracts of the I. cordata and the hexanic, chloroform and methanolic extracts of D. anceps were able to inhibit growth of colorectal cancer cells in the three different incubation times (24, 48 and 72 h). Through GC analysis, 01 compounds were identified in the hexane extract and 02 compounds in the chloroform extract of the algae I. cordata. The hexane extract of D. anceps macroalgae presented 5 compounds, chloroform extract 10 and methanolic extract 3 respectively, with special highlight to fucosterol. Carotenoid analysis by HPLC identified β-carotene in all species, while zeaxanthin was present in the spectrum of I. cordata and C. jacquinotii. Fucoxanthin and violaxanthin were confirmed in the brown seaweeds C. jacquinotii and D. anceps. Conclusion: Extracts of macroalgae I. Cordata and D. anceps may be a source of therapeutic agents against CRC.
{"title":"Chemical Characterization and Cytotoxic Activity of Antarctic Macroalgae Extracts against Colorectal Cancer","authors":"R. Frassini, Yeslei Paulino da Silva, S. Moura, Leonardo Zambotti Villela, A. P. Martins, P. Colepicolo, M. Fujii, N. Yokoya, C. Pereira, Vagner Reinaldo Zingalli Bueno Pereira, J. P. Henriques, M. Roesch-Ely","doi":"10.4236/abc.2019.95013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/abc.2019.95013","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: \u0000Antarctic seaweeds are considered a promising source of compounds with \u0000anticancer activity. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most incident \u0000cancers with high mortality rates worldwide. This work aimed to characterize \u0000chemically extracts of the Antarctic macroalgae Iridaea cordata, Cystosphaera jacquinotii and Desmarestia anceps and to evaluate the cytotoxic \u0000effects against human colon cancer HCT 116 cell line. Materials and Methods: \u0000The extracts were obtained by depletion using an ultrasound probe and were identified by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Gas Chromatography \u0000coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Cell viability was determined by MTT \u0000assay. Results: Hexanic and chloroform extracts of the I. cordata and the hexanic, \u0000chloroform and methanolic extracts of D. anceps were able to inhibit growth of \u0000colorectal cancer cells in the three different incubation times (24, 48 and 72 h). \u0000Through GC analysis, 01 compounds were identified in the hexane extract and 02 \u0000compounds in the chloroform extract of the algae I. cordata. The hexane extract of D. anceps macroalgae presented 5 \u0000compounds, chloroform extract 10 and methanolic extract 3 respectively, with special highlight to fucosterol. Carotenoid \u0000analysis by HPLC identified β-carotene \u0000in all species, while zeaxanthin was present in the spectrum of I. cordata and C. jacquinotii. Fucoxanthin and violaxanthin were confirmed in the \u0000brown seaweeds C. jacquinotii and D. anceps. \u0000Conclusion: Extracts of macroalgae I. Cordata and D. anceps may be a source \u0000of therapeutic agents against CRC.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42805953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Ngouafong, R. Tchuenguem, J. Kühlborn, B. T. Tchegnitegni, B. Ponou, R. Teponno, J. Dzoyem, T. Opatz, L. Tapondjou
Drug resistance due to the extensive abuse and over-use of antibiotics has become an increasingly serious problem and researchers started to use plants as an alternative source of new antibiotics. The aim of the present study was to assess the antimicrobial properties of secondary metabolites isolated from A. liebrechtsiana. A new secoiridoid derivative, anthocleistenolide B (1), along with three known compounds, the monoterpene diol, djalonenol (2), the xanthone O-glycoside, decussatin 1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and the fatty acid, dotriacontanoic acid (4) was isolated from the leaves and bark of this plant. Their structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of spectroscopic (1D and 2D NMR) and mass spectrometric data. The isolated compounds were screened for their antimicrobial properties against five strains of bacteria (two gram positive: Staphylococcus aureus 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 25922 and three gram negative: Escherichia coli ATCC51299, Proteus mirabilis (isolate), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa QC76110), but all were inactive.
{"title":"Anthocleistenolide B, a New Secoiridoid from Anthocleista liebrechtsiana De Wild & T. Durand","authors":"F. Ngouafong, R. Tchuenguem, J. Kühlborn, B. T. Tchegnitegni, B. Ponou, R. Teponno, J. Dzoyem, T. Opatz, L. Tapondjou","doi":"10.4236/ABC.2019.94010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ABC.2019.94010","url":null,"abstract":"Drug resistance due to the extensive abuse and over-use of antibiotics has become an increasingly serious problem and researchers started to use plants as an alternative source of new antibiotics. The aim of the present study was to assess the antimicrobial properties of secondary metabolites isolated from A. liebrechtsiana. A new secoiridoid derivative, anthocleistenolide B (1), along with three known compounds, the monoterpene diol, djalonenol (2), the xanthone O-glycoside, decussatin 1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and the fatty acid, dotriacontanoic acid (4) was isolated from the leaves and bark of this plant. Their structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of spectroscopic (1D and 2D NMR) and mass spectrometric data. The isolated compounds were screened for their antimicrobial properties against five strains of bacteria (two gram positive: Staphylococcus aureus 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 25922 and three gram negative: Escherichia coli ATCC51299, Proteus mirabilis (isolate), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa QC76110), but all were inactive.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43041709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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