Journal of Coatings Technology and Research最新文献

Corrosion’s maleficent effects are well known worldwide. To suppress its deleterious effect, many researchers have explored various techniques. A most recent development is the use of microcapsule embedded coatings, which offer sustainable and long-lasting protection against corrosion and have proven effective in controlling the corrosion rate by releasing the corrosion-inhibiting material depending upon the pH of the environment. Researchers have invested in the microcapsules for slower release of the corrosion-inhibiting agents. In our work, the emphasis was to explore the wide range of shell materials that are compatible with various corrosion-inhibiting agents such as quinoline, azoles, and MBT. It was deduced that the limitations of bio-based shell materials such as chitosan and ethyl cellulose can be overcome by adopting the proper synthesis technique for encapsulation. Also the efficiency of the shell material to limit corrosion inhibition was studied. It was concluded that urea-formaldehyde and other amino resin shells were used in vast ranges due to their peculiar properties of encapsulating a wide range of compounds. Also, they were found to be effective in developing dual-shell and hybrid-shell materials. Other shell materials such as acrylates and polystyrene were found to be effective in encapsulating the complex structure, which possesses sites for storing the corrosion inhibitors for slow release of the compound.

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Corrosion, commonly associated with ferrous materials, also affects aluminum alloys. Given the degradation that corrosion can inflict on aluminum structures, this study focuses on optimizing nanostructured sol–gel silica-zirconia coatings to mitigate the diffusion of the electrolyte, thereby also limiting oxygen availability at the substrate. Using aluminum AA2024 T3 rod specimens of 3.5 mm thickness as substrates, coatings were synthesized via a sol–gel technique, employing tetraethylorthosilicate, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, tetra-n-propoxyzirconium, and ethyl acetoacetate as precursors. The coatings, composed of a silicon matrix integrated with dispersed ZrO₂ particles, were applied to the substrate through the dip-coating technique. Various temperatures were subsequently evaluated during the annealing process to achieve stabilization of the coatings. Surface roughness of the aluminum samples was evaluated before and after coating, alongside microhardness measurements. Surface morphology, coating thickness, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements (conducted in a 3.5% NaCl solution to simulate a marine environment) were assessed via scanning electron microscopy, highlighting the utility of these type of coatings for anti-corrosive protection of aluminum.

This study focuses on the application of nanoceramic coating on top of the TPU-coated fabric to achieve enhanced weather resistance and longer service life. For this purpose, nanoceramic coatings based on methyltrimethoxysilane-modified silica nanoparticles were synthesized via the sol–gel method, and ZnO nanoparticles dispersed into the modified silica sol at varying concentrations. The synthesized nanoceramic coating solution was successfully applied on top of the TPU-coated nylon fabric, and the coated samples were exposed for natural weathering. The microstructural examination of the synthesized nanoceramic coating was verified through X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. Morphological characterization and elemental analysis were conducted using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The helium gas transmittance rate (GTR), assessed with a gas permeability tester, exhibited a decrease from 2.16 to 1.1 L/m²/day after applying the nanoceramic coating. The efficacy of the synthesized nanoceramic coating was evaluated following 30 days of natural weathering. The GTR values for the control and nanoceramic-coated samples were 2.16 and 1.1 L/m²/day before weathering and 1.85 and 1.19 L/m²/day after weathering, respectively. Similarly, the yellowness index for the control and coated samples was 3.498 and 0.2, respectively. Morphological analysis also indicated minimal degradation of surface properties when the nanoceramic coating was applied. Consequently, the application of the nanoceramic coating demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing weather resistance and mitigating UV degradation of the TPU-coated nylon fabric.

Paper and paperboard materials are among the most common fiber-based packaging materials used for food packaging applications. To stand the moisture, greasiness, and protect the product, fiber-based materials are coated with materials that are often fossil-based plastics. Thus, there is a strong need to find novel sustainable solutions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of natural wax materials on barrier properties when used as coating formulation components in various water-based polymer dispersions on paper board. Specifically, the compatibility of biowaxes with inorganic pigments was studied. Sixteen coating compositions of four biowax materials with two different synthetic polymer dispersions (polyacrylate and polystyrene acrylate) and two different inorganic pigments (talc and calcium carbonate) were prepared in the laboratory scale, and the paperboard sheets were coated using a laboratory rod coater. The barrier properties of the coated sheets were determined and compared to the references (without biowax), and the samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Based on the results, the use of biowax materials improved water and water vapor resistance. The Cobb 1800 s values decreased by 10 – 40%, and the water vapor transmission rate decreased by 11 – 15% when used with polyacrylate dispersion and talc pigment. Based on the SEM results, these samples also had the smoothest surface at the microscale observed in this study. The results suggest that the barrier properties, especially water and water vapor resistance, of polymer dispersion coating can be optimized based on the use of biowax and pigment components chosen.

Surface wettability, governed by the interplay of chemical composition, topography, and external stimuli, is a pivotal property influencing liquid–solid interactions across industries. This review explores cutting-edge advancements in surface engineering for wettability control, emphasizing innovations such as smart self-cleaning coatings, adaptive materials, and gradient topographies that dynamically respond to environmental cues. We systematically analyze the underlying mechanisms—ranging from chemical functionalization to physical nanostructuring—and their transformative applications in coatings, biomedical devices, electronics, and sustainable technologies. A key focus is placed on sustainability, highlighting eco-friendly modification techniques, biodegradable materials, and energy-efficient processes that align with global environmental goals. By integrating interdisciplinary insights from materials science, chemistry, and engineering, this work underscores the potential of tailored wettability to address pressing challenges in resource efficiency, healthcare, and industrial performance. Finally, we identify emerging trends, including machine learning-driven design and bio-inspired systems, while addressing scalability and durability limitations to guide future research. This comprehensive synthesis aims to bridge fundamental science with real-world applications, fostering innovation at the intersection of surface engineering and sustainability.

Epoxy coatings are frequently applied to the surfaces of sports fields to enhance their durability and performance. This work endeavored to enhance slip resistance of these sports surfaces by examining impact of silane coupling agents—specifically KH550 and KH560—on graphene oxide. The graphene oxide was modified through an in situ grafting process and then incorporated into an epoxy/epoxide-polyurethane (EPU) nanocomposite. The silane-modified graphene oxide was found to be uniformly dispersed within the epoxy resin, with the KH550-modified variant exhibiting superior tensile strength, thermal stability, and glass transition temperature (T_g) compared to the KH560-modified version. Interestingly, the incorporation of KH560-modified graphene oxide into the epoxy-EPU nanocomposite led to an increase in the loss tangent (tan δ), whereas the addition of KH550-modified graphene oxide resulted in a decrease in tan δ. For tribological properties, the nanocomposite containing KH560-modified graphene oxide demonstrated a higher coefficient of friction while significantly reducing the wear rate when compared to the unmodified EPU-EP composite. This improvement is believed to stem from the increased hysteresis and adhesion friction provided by the KH560-modified graphene oxide. The work suggests that incorporating 0.2 wt% of KH560-modified graphene oxide may be the optimal concentration for producing EPU-EP composites that offer a satisfactory balance between wear resistance and slip resistance.

Graphene-based nanomaterials encapsulated with corrosion inhibitors are promising materials for realizing smart coatings with self-repairing properties. However, the low loadings of corrosion inhibitors and cumbersome synthesis processes remain urgent problems for practical applications. In this paper, we present a novel 3D network structure designed to enhance the corrosion inhibitor loading via a combination of 3D network formation and self-polymerization of dopamine. The method utilizes cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as templates to support graphene oxide nanosheets through a one-step process. Due to their high aspect ratio, CNCs can effectively anchor and extend the 2D graphene sheets, significantly improving the dispersion of the nanocomposites and the loading capacity of the corrosion inhibitor benzotriazole (BTA). Meanwhile, dopamine promotes the adsorption of BTA on GO and CNCs through self-polymerization, enhancing the durability and anticorrosive properties of the aqueous resins. The EIS results show that the impedance modulus of the smart coatings reaches 2.1 × 10⁸ Ω cm² after 14 days of immersion, two orders of magnitude higher than that of conventional epoxy coatings. The loading capacity of BTA/PDA was determined to be 24 wt%. In addition, the coating specimens exhibited very few surface corrosion products and air bubbles after 7 days of saltwater immersion, further confirming their excellent corrosion protection performance. We believe that this work will significantly contribute to extending the service life of various anticorrosion coatings.

Nano-coating with atomic layer deposition (ALD) has emerged as a pivotal technology for enhancing the performance of a wide range of applications. This review explores recent advancements in ALD nano-coating, with a focus on its high conformality and precision. The review covers key coating techniques and comprehensive methods for analytical coating assessment. The applications discussed include multifunctional coatings, biomedical devices, quantum dot-based technologies, photovoltaic solar cells, energy storage systems, membrane/barrier films, metal–organic frameworks, graphene integration, and sensor technologies. Additionally, the review highlights emerging trends, current applications, and identifies various research gaps, offering insights into potential future directions for ALD nano-coating. The findings underscore ALD’s significant impact in advancing both scientific and industrial applications, while emphasizing the need for continued innovation to address existing challenges.

The hygroscopicity and stability of aqueous dye inks are critical factors influencing ink performance. This study systematically investigates these factors through experimental and analytical methods. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) technology is utilized to detect changes in the state of water molecules within solutions, and the variation in T2 relaxation times provides a rapid screening method for inks with superior hygroscopicity. Additionally, changes in the peaks of the UV–visible spectroscopy are analyzed to assess the inks dispersibility. Therefore, LF-NMR and UV–visible spectroscopy not only serve as a basis for designing high-performance dye inks but also effectively evaluate ink quality. The results show that under appropriate viscosity and surface tension conditions, Ink 2 exhibits better hygroscopicity and dispersibility.

Advancements in pigment dispersion technologies play a pivotal role in enhancing the performance and durability of coatings. This review examines the latest developments in high-speed dispersers, bead mills, and ultrasonic cavitation, evaluating their impact on pigment distribution, color strength, and stability in polymeric coatings. High-speed dispersers are effective for initial deagglomeration but may experience efficiency limitations due to viscosity-related issues. Bead mills, while providing finer dispersion, face challenges such as energy inefficiency and screen clogging. Ultrasonic cavitation has emerged as a highly scalable and energy-efficient method, achieving nanoscale particle size reduction and uniform dispersion through acoustic shear and cavitation bubble collapse. Recent innovations, such as continuous-flow reactor designs, have enhanced the scalability and energy management of ultrasonic cavitation, addressing previous limitations. The review emphasizes the comparative advantages of these technologies in terms of energy input, surfactant optimization, and viscosity control, providing insights into their role in enhancing dispersion quality. The integration of these technologies is critical for the development of next-generation coatings with superior performance, stability, and sustainability. Future research should focus on further improving energy efficiency and exploring novel additives to optimize dispersion quality and scalability for industrial applications.