Marzieh Pashmforosh, S. Shariati, Hamideh Aghaei Nezhad, Mojtaba Haghighat
The Article Abstract is not available.
文章摘要不可用。
{"title":"Possible Benefits of Paclitaxel Therapy for COVID-19","authors":"Marzieh Pashmforosh, S. Shariati, Hamideh Aghaei Nezhad, Mojtaba Haghighat","doi":"10.18502/pbr.v8i2.11022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/pbr.v8i2.11022","url":null,"abstract":"The Article Abstract is not available.","PeriodicalId":6323,"journal":{"name":"2005 Asian Conference on Sensors and the International Conference on New Techniques in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79849267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Ala, Sepideh Payvandi, M. Barzin, Mahdieh Tavajoh, Hamidreza Samaei
Background: Much evidence suggests that increased uterine blood flow resistance (reduced uterine perfusion) raises the risk of Recurrent Miscarriage (RM). Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of omega-3, -6, and -9 fatty acids, alone or in combination with aspirin, in reducing uterine blood flow resistance in women with a history of RM. Methods: A total of 45 women with a history of two or more miscarriages and increased uterine artery blood flow resistance were included in this randomized clinical trial. They were randomly assigned to aspirin (80 mg/d) (group A, n=15), omega-3, -6, and -9 fatty acids (4800 mg/d) (group O, n=15), or combination therapy (group AO, n=15). The patients were visited after two months, and the uterine artery blood flow resistance was measured by Doppler sonography. Results: The Mean±SD age of participants was 32±3.5 years in group A, 32±3 years in group O, and 32.4±3 years in group AO. There was no significant difference between three groups in age (P=0.7), duration of marriage (P=0.55), duration of infertility (P=0.43) and number of previous miscarriages (P= 0.51). In all three groups, after two months of treatment, the average uterine artery blood flow resistance reduced considerably compared with the beginning of the trial (P=0.0001); however, there was no significant difference between the three groups (P=0.56). Conclusion: According to the study results, omega-3, -6, and -9 fatty acids can reduce uterine artery blood flow resistance and improve the uterine blood flow in women with RM, with equal efficacy to aspirin. Also, combination therapy offers no advantages over monotherapy.
{"title":"Efficacy of Omega-3, -6, and -9 Fatty Acids, Alone or in Combination With Low Dose Aspirin, in Improvement of Uterine Blood Flow in Women With History of Recurrent Miscarriage: A Prospective, Randomized, Clinical Trial","authors":"S. Ala, Sepideh Payvandi, M. Barzin, Mahdieh Tavajoh, Hamidreza Samaei","doi":"10.18502/pbr.v8i1.9387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/pbr.v8i1.9387","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Background: Much evidence suggests that increased uterine blood flow resistance (reduced uterine perfusion) raises the risk of Recurrent Miscarriage (RM). \u0000Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of omega-3, -6, and -9 fatty acids, alone or in combination with aspirin, in reducing uterine blood flow resistance in women with a history of RM. \u0000Methods: A total of 45 women with a history of two or more miscarriages and increased uterine artery blood flow resistance were included in this randomized clinical trial. They were randomly assigned to aspirin (80 mg/d) (group A, n=15), omega-3, -6, and -9 fatty acids (4800 mg/d) (group O, n=15), or combination therapy (group AO, n=15). The patients were visited after two months, and the uterine artery blood flow resistance was measured by Doppler sonography. \u0000Results: The Mean±SD age of participants was 32±3.5 years in group A, 32±3 years in group O, and 32.4±3 years in group AO. There was no significant difference between three groups in age (P=0.7), duration of marriage (P=0.55), duration of infertility (P=0.43) and number of previous miscarriages (P= 0.51). In all three groups, after two months of treatment, the average uterine artery blood flow resistance reduced considerably compared with the beginning of the trial (P=0.0001); however, there was no significant difference between the three groups (P=0.56). \u0000Conclusion: According to the study results, omega-3, -6, and -9 fatty acids can reduce uterine artery blood flow resistance and improve the uterine blood flow in women with RM, with equal efficacy to aspirin. Also, combination therapy offers no advantages over monotherapy. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":6323,"journal":{"name":"2005 Asian Conference on Sensors and the International Conference on New Techniques in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90073810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamideh Abbaspour kasgari, S. Moradi, F. Babamahmoodi, A. Shabani, L. Davoodi, Ali Reza Davoudi Badabi
Background: Lymphopenia is an important but nonspecific laboratory indicator of COVID-19. Objectives: To describe epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of the first cases of the COVID-19 referred to a center dedicated to COVID-19 patients in Iran. Methods: This research is a retrospective cross-sectional study on 100 confirmed cases with COVID-19, hospitalized from February 25 to March 10, 2020, in Qaemshahr Razi Hospital in Mazandaran Province, Iran. The main demographic data, clinical features, including outcomes, laboratory findings, and therapeutic protocols, were collected in a structured form and analyzed. Results: The Mean±SD age of the patients was 56.7±15.6 years. Fifty-nine percent (n=59) of the patients were male. Nineteen percent (n=19) were admitted to the ICU. The median (IQR) time from disease onset to hospital admission was 5 (3-7) days. The most common symptoms were fever (73%), dyspnea (67%), dry cough (61%), and myalgia (61%). The severity of the disease was moderate in most patients (n=54). The average hospital stay for patients was 7 days. The non-survivor cases in comparison to survived ones were from a higher age group (65 vs 52 years; P=0.001), had a higher frequency of underlying diseases (68.4% vs 39.5%; P=0.039), had a lower peripheral capillary O2 saturation at the time of admission (79% vs 94%; P<0.001), and were more likely to have lymphopenia (63.2% vs 37%; P=0.034). Conclusion: Lymphopenia, increased neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and decreased peripheral capillary O2 saturation are commonly seen in COVID-19 patients, especially among severe cases, and can be used in developing clinical prediction rules.
背景:淋巴细胞减少是COVID-19重要但非特异性的实验室指标。目的:描述伊朗一家专门治疗COVID-19患者的中心收治的首批COVID-19病例的流行病学和临床特征。方法:本研究对伊朗马赞达兰省Qaemshahr Razi医院2020年2月25日至3月10日住院的100例新冠肺炎确诊病例进行回顾性横断面研究。主要的人口统计数据、临床特征，包括结果、实验室结果和治疗方案，以结构化的形式收集和分析。结果:患者平均±SD年龄为56.7±15.6岁。59% (n=59)的患者为男性。19% (n=19)被送入ICU。从发病到住院的中位(IQR)时间为5(3-7)天。最常见的症状是发热(73%)、呼吸困难(67%)、干咳(61%)和肌痛(61%)。大多数患者的疾病严重程度为中度(n=54)。患者平均住院时间为7天。与存活病例相比，非存活病例来自更高的年龄组(65岁vs 52岁;P=0.001)，患基础疾病的频率更高(68.4% vs 39.5%;P=0.039)，入院时外周毛细血管氧饱和度较低(79% vs 94%;P<0.001)，并且更容易发生淋巴细胞减少症(63.2% vs 37%;P = 0.034)。结论:外周血淋巴细胞减少、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值升高、外周血毛细血管氧饱和度降低在新冠肺炎患者中普遍存在，尤其是重症患者，可用于制定临床预测规则。
{"title":"A Survey on the First 100 COVID-19 Patients Admitted to a Referral Center in Northern Iran in Early 2020","authors":"Hamideh Abbaspour kasgari, S. Moradi, F. Babamahmoodi, A. Shabani, L. Davoodi, Ali Reza Davoudi Badabi","doi":"10.18502/pbr.v8i1.9386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/pbr.v8i1.9386","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lymphopenia is an important but nonspecific laboratory indicator of COVID-19. \u0000Objectives: To describe epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of the first cases of the COVID-19 referred to a center dedicated to COVID-19 patients in Iran. \u0000Methods: This research is a retrospective cross-sectional study on 100 confirmed cases with COVID-19, hospitalized from February 25 to March 10, 2020, in Qaemshahr Razi Hospital in Mazandaran Province, Iran. The main demographic data, clinical features, including outcomes, laboratory findings, and therapeutic protocols, were collected in a structured form and analyzed. \u0000Results: The Mean±SD age of the patients was 56.7±15.6 years. Fifty-nine percent (n=59) of the patients were male. Nineteen percent (n=19) were admitted to the ICU. The median (IQR) time from disease onset to hospital admission was 5 (3-7) days. The most common symptoms were fever (73%), dyspnea (67%), dry cough (61%), and myalgia (61%). The severity of the disease was moderate in most patients (n=54). The average hospital stay for patients was 7 days. The non-survivor cases in comparison to survived ones were from a higher age group (65 vs 52 years; P=0.001), had a higher frequency of underlying diseases (68.4% vs 39.5%; P=0.039), had a lower peripheral capillary O2 saturation at the time of admission (79% vs 94%; P<0.001), and were more likely to have lymphopenia (63.2% vs 37%; P=0.034). \u0000Conclusion: Lymphopenia, increased neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and decreased peripheral capillary O2 saturation are commonly seen in COVID-19 patients, especially among severe cases, and can be used in developing clinical prediction rules. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":6323,"journal":{"name":"2005 Asian Conference on Sensors and the International Conference on New Techniques in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90493690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Scutellaria orientalis subsp. virens is a species of Scutellaria genus (the Lamiaceae family). The aqueous root extract of S. orientalis has been traditionally used by Iranians to treat neurological disorders, dermatitis, and bronchitis. The active compounds in the roots and shoots of S. orientalis are mainly flavones such as baicalin, wogonoside, scutellarin, and their aglycons. These compounds have anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antibacterial activities. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the root and shoot methanolic extracts components of S. orientalis. Methods: The Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) method was used to identify components of S. orientalis. Results: GC/MS analysis of methanolic root extract identified 63 components, such as flavonoids, fatty acids, ketones, glucosides, amino acids, steroids, and alkaloids, with flavonoids like wogonin (12.6%) as the main components. S. orientalis methanolic shoot extract analysis also identified 79 components such as ketones, alcohols, sesquiterpenes, fatty acids, steroids, vitamins, and diterpenoids, with digitoxin and neocurdione as the main components. In addition, the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis of roots and shoots confirmed the presence of normal polymeric O-H stretch, aliphatic alkenes, aromatic alkenes, amides, ammonium ions, alcohols, ethers, carboxylic acids, esters, amines, and alkanes in the structure of identified compounds by GC/MS analysis. Conclusion: The obtained results revealed the presence of biologically active compounds that can be used for various herbal formulations.
{"title":"Chemical Composition of Methanolic Extracts of Scutellaria orientalis L.: Digitoxin and Neocurdione Detection by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry","authors":"Z. Gharari, K. Bagheri, A. Sharafi","doi":"10.18502/pbr.v8i1.9388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/pbr.v8i1.9388","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Background: Scutellaria orientalis subsp. virens is a species of Scutellaria genus (the Lamiaceae family). The aqueous root extract of S. orientalis has been traditionally used by Iranians to treat neurological disorders, dermatitis, and bronchitis. The active compounds in the roots and shoots of S. orientalis are mainly flavones such as baicalin, wogonoside, scutellarin, and their aglycons. These compounds have anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antibacterial activities. \u0000Objectives: This study aimed to identify the root and shoot methanolic extracts components of S. orientalis. \u0000Methods: The Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) method was used to identify components of S. orientalis. \u0000Results: GC/MS analysis of methanolic root extract identified 63 components, such as flavonoids, fatty acids, ketones, glucosides, amino acids, steroids, and alkaloids, with flavonoids like wogonin (12.6%) as the main components. S. orientalis methanolic shoot extract analysis also identified 79 components such as ketones, alcohols, sesquiterpenes, fatty acids, steroids, vitamins, and diterpenoids, with digitoxin and neocurdione as the main components. In addition, the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis of roots and shoots confirmed the presence of normal polymeric O-H stretch, aliphatic alkenes, aromatic alkenes, amides, ammonium ions, alcohols, ethers, carboxylic acids, esters, amines, and alkanes in the structure of identified compounds by GC/MS analysis. \u0000Conclusion: The obtained results revealed the presence of biologically active compounds that can be used for various herbal formulations. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":6323,"journal":{"name":"2005 Asian Conference on Sensors and the International Conference on New Techniques in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89481405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Boswellia serrata has been known for many decades and mentioned in the ancient Ayurvedic texts. Many previous studies have demonstrated its role in depression and anxiety in animal models. Objectives: The present study is carried out to evaluate the effect of Boswellia serrata on neurotransmitter levels of Swiss albino mice by spectrophotometer. Methods: Eighteen (n=18) Swiss albino male mice were procured for this study. All mice were divided into three groups of six mice in each. The first group of mice (control) received normal saline (10 mg/kg); the second group (standard) received imipramine (10 mg/kg), and the third group (test) received Boswellia serrata (100 mg/kg) orally for 21 days. On the 22nd day, all mice were sacrificed as per CPCSEA (Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals) guidelines. The mice brains were dissected, and their brain tissue was collected and stored in a preservative. The mice brain tissue was centrifuged, and samples were used for the estimation of serotonin (5-HT), Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), dopamine, Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA), and glutamate levels by spectrophotometry. Results: The levels of neurotransmitters are expressed in Mean±SE. Analysis of results was done by 1-way ANOVA and Tukey Kramer tests. The statistical tests revealed that imipramine- treated mice have significantly increased the levels of AChE, GABA, and glutamate when compared to control (P<0.05). However, imipramine treated group showed statistically significant lower levels of 5-HT and dopamine levels when compared to the control (P<0.05). Similarly, the test drug Boswellia serrata-treated group had significantly higher levels of 5-HT, AChE, GABA, and glutamate when compared to the control group (P<0.05) and lower levels of dopamine when compared to the control (P<0.05). Conclusion: The present study establishes the role of Boswellia serrata in various psychiatric disorders like depression and anxiety in animal models by modulating multiple neurotransmitters in the brain.
{"title":"Neurochemical Modulating Effect of Boswellia serrata Roxb. ex Colebr: A Preclinical Research","authors":"Prabhakar Adake, Mahalaxmi S. Petimani, G. Kotian","doi":"10.18502/pbr.v8i1.9389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/pbr.v8i1.9389","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Background: Boswellia serrata has been known for many decades and mentioned in the ancient Ayurvedic texts. Many previous studies have demonstrated its role in depression and anxiety in animal models. \u0000Objectives: The present study is carried out to evaluate the effect of Boswellia serrata on neurotransmitter levels of Swiss albino mice by spectrophotometer. \u0000Methods: Eighteen (n=18) Swiss albino male mice were procured for this study. All mice were divided into three groups of six mice in each. The first group of mice (control) received normal saline (10 mg/kg); the second group (standard) received imipramine (10 mg/kg), and the third group (test) received Boswellia serrata (100 mg/kg) orally for 21 days. On the 22nd day, all mice were sacrificed as per CPCSEA (Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals) guidelines. The mice brains were dissected, and their brain tissue was collected and stored in a preservative. The mice brain tissue was centrifuged, and samples were used for the estimation of serotonin (5-HT), Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), dopamine, Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA), and glutamate levels by spectrophotometry. \u0000Results: The levels of neurotransmitters are expressed in Mean±SE. Analysis of results was done by 1-way ANOVA and Tukey Kramer tests. The statistical tests revealed that imipramine- treated mice have significantly increased the levels of AChE, GABA, and glutamate when compared to control (P<0.05). However, imipramine treated group showed statistically significant lower levels of 5-HT and dopamine levels when compared to the control (P<0.05). Similarly, the test drug Boswellia serrata-treated group had significantly higher levels of 5-HT, AChE, GABA, and glutamate when compared to the control group (P<0.05) and lower levels of dopamine when compared to the control (P<0.05). \u0000Conclusion: The present study establishes the role of Boswellia serrata in various psychiatric disorders like depression and anxiety in animal models by modulating multiple neurotransmitters in the brain. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":6323,"journal":{"name":"2005 Asian Conference on Sensors and the International Conference on New Techniques in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84135355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anita Rani Bhatia, A. Saxena, N. Tyagi, Peyir Bagra, P. Bhatia
In December 2019, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) appeared and spread worldwide, triggering a pandemic of respiratory illness. So, there was an urgent need for vaccines worldwide. The mRNA-based vaccines are undergoing an accelerated phase of development during this pandemic. WHO has issued interim guidelines for administering the Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine against COVID-19 based on advice given by the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE). The significant future directions for study would be comparing and elucidating the immune processes triggered by mRNA vaccine platforms, developing existing methods focused on these mechanisms, and introducing new clinical trials of these vaccines against additional disease targets. This study aims to reveal the important role and contribution of the Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine to COVID-19 vaccinology. Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine could be the keystone of modern vaccinology in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"Moderna (mRNA Vaccine) for COVID-19: A Leap in Vaccine World","authors":"Anita Rani Bhatia, A. Saxena, N. Tyagi, Peyir Bagra, P. Bhatia","doi":"10.18502/pbr.v8i1.9391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/pbr.v8i1.9391","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000In December 2019, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) appeared and spread worldwide, triggering a pandemic of respiratory illness. So, there was an urgent need for vaccines worldwide. The mRNA-based vaccines are undergoing an accelerated phase of development during this pandemic. WHO has issued interim guidelines for administering the Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine against COVID-19 based on advice given by the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE). The significant future directions for study would be comparing and elucidating the immune processes triggered by mRNA vaccine platforms, developing existing methods focused on these mechanisms, and introducing new clinical trials of these vaccines against additional disease targets. \u0000This study aims to reveal the important role and contribution of the Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine to COVID-19 vaccinology. \u0000Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine could be the keystone of modern vaccinology in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":6323,"journal":{"name":"2005 Asian Conference on Sensors and the International Conference on New Techniques in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88578844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Co-processing is a process that manipulates available excipients to produce better functional excipients. Objectives: This study aims to prepare a co-processed excipient from starch extracted from Dioscorea rotundata (WYS) and gum extracted from pods of Abelmoschus esculentus fruit (OKG). Methods: The co-processed excipients (CYG) were prepared by co-fusing WYS and OKG at concentrations of 99:1, 97:3, 95:5 to produce CYG1, CYG3, and CYG5, respectively. Then, they were evaluated for their flow and swelling properties. Metronidazole tablets (MT1, MT3, and MT5) were prepared by direct compression. Similarly, tablets containing reference excipients of CombiLac® (MTC) and Prosolv® (MTP) were prepared. The tablets were evaluated for uniformity of weight, crushing strength, friability, disintegration time, and in vitro release. Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) was used to monitor the interaction between the excipients and metronidazole. Results: CYG1, CYG3, and CYG5 have good flow; their swelling profile was between 170% and 200%, more than WYS (80%). FTIR spectra showed no interaction between the excipients and metronidazole. The crushing strength-friability ratio was 42.03>39.65>25.63 for MT3, MT5, and MT1, respectively. MT5 had a longer disintegration time (63.87 s) than MT1 and MT3, which were similar to that of MTC; however, MTP had the longest disintegration time (111.50 s). The disintegration efficiency ratio showed that CYG1 and CYG3 have better disintegration properties than Prosolv®. All the co-processed excipients produced robust tablets comparable to those of CombiLac®. Conclusion: CYG can be exploited as a multifunctional excipient in preparing oral tablet formulations.
{"title":"Multifunctional Properties of Co-processed Dioscorea rotundata Starch and Abelmoschus esculentus Fruit Gum in Direct Compression of Metronidazole Tablets","authors":"O. Olayemi, J. John, Rashidat Abdullahi, C. Isimi","doi":"10.18502/pbr.v8i1.9390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/pbr.v8i1.9390","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Background: Co-processing is a process that manipulates available excipients to produce better functional excipients. \u0000Objectives: This study aims to prepare a co-processed excipient from starch extracted from Dioscorea rotundata (WYS) and gum extracted from pods of Abelmoschus esculentus fruit (OKG). \u0000Methods: The co-processed excipients (CYG) were prepared by co-fusing WYS and OKG at concentrations of 99:1, 97:3, 95:5 to produce CYG1, CYG3, and CYG5, respectively. Then, they were evaluated for their flow and swelling properties. Metronidazole tablets (MT1, MT3, and MT5) were prepared by direct compression. Similarly, tablets containing reference excipients of CombiLac® (MTC) and Prosolv® (MTP) were prepared. The tablets were evaluated for uniformity of weight, crushing strength, friability, disintegration time, and in vitro release. Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) was used to monitor the interaction between the excipients and metronidazole. \u0000Results: CYG1, CYG3, and CYG5 have good flow; their swelling profile was between 170% and 200%, more than WYS (80%). FTIR spectra showed no interaction between the excipients and metronidazole. The crushing strength-friability ratio was 42.03>39.65>25.63 for MT3, MT5, and MT1, respectively. MT5 had a longer disintegration time (63.87 s) than MT1 and MT3, which were similar to that of MTC; however, MTP had the longest disintegration time (111.50 s). The disintegration efficiency ratio showed that CYG1 and CYG3 have better disintegration properties than Prosolv®. All the co-processed excipients produced robust tablets comparable to those of CombiLac®. \u0000Conclusion: CYG can be exploited as a multifunctional excipient in preparing oral tablet formulations. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":6323,"journal":{"name":"2005 Asian Conference on Sensors and the International Conference on New Techniques in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76521899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Ahangar, Hossein Bakhshi Jouybari, A. Davoodi, S. Shahani
Background: Potentilla species have traditionally been used as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents in Iran and other countries. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the antinociceptive effect of Potentilla reptans L., which has a wide distribution in the north of Iran. Methods: The biological activities of the hydroalcoholic extract of P. reptans aerial parts have been investigated using the acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate, and rotarod tests in the male mice. In addition, the phytochemical profile of the extract has been evaluated. Results: The phytochemical investigation detected secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, and tannins in the extract. Moreover, the Mean±SD total phenolic and tannin contents of the extract were 251±2.08 and 111.5±1.3 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of dried extract, respectively. Also, the Mean±SD total flavonoid content was 29.42±3.31 mg quercetin equivalents per gram of dried extract. Oral administration of the extract (100, 300, and 500 mg/kg) dose-dependently reduced the number of writhing responses induced by acetic acid and increased the reaction time in the hot-plate test. The antinociceptive effect of the extract, similar to morphine, was significantly antagonized by naloxone (4 mg/kg; IP) in the writhing test. In the rotarod test, none of the extract doses used in the experiment caused a loss of locomotor activity. Conclusion: In this study, the hydroalcoholic extract of P. reptans showed a practical antinociceptive effect in hot plate and writhing tests. It seems that opioid receptors mediate the observed effect.
{"title":"Phytochemical Screening and Antinociceptive Activity of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of Potentilla reptans L.","authors":"N. Ahangar, Hossein Bakhshi Jouybari, A. Davoodi, S. Shahani","doi":"10.18502/pbr.v7i4.9375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/pbr.v7i4.9375","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Potentilla species have traditionally been used as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents in Iran and other countries. \u0000Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the antinociceptive effect of Potentilla reptans L., which has a wide distribution in the north of Iran. \u0000Methods: The biological activities of the hydroalcoholic extract of P. reptans aerial parts have been investigated using the acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate, and rotarod tests in the male mice. In addition, the phytochemical profile of the extract has been evaluated. \u0000Results: The phytochemical investigation detected secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, and tannins in the extract. Moreover, the Mean±SD total phenolic and tannin contents of the extract were 251±2.08 and 111.5±1.3 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of dried extract, respectively. Also, the Mean±SD total flavonoid content was 29.42±3.31 mg quercetin equivalents per gram of dried extract. Oral administration of the extract (100, 300, and 500 mg/kg) dose-dependently reduced the number of writhing responses induced by acetic acid and increased the reaction time in the hot-plate test. The antinociceptive effect of the extract, similar to morphine, was significantly antagonized by naloxone (4 mg/kg; IP) in the writhing test. In the rotarod test, none of the extract doses used in the experiment caused a loss of locomotor activity. \u0000Conclusion: In this study, the hydroalcoholic extract of P. reptans showed a practical antinociceptive effect in hot plate and writhing tests. It seems that opioid receptors mediate the observed effect.","PeriodicalId":6323,"journal":{"name":"2005 Asian Conference on Sensors and the International Conference on New Techniques in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85504857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background:GABAergic drugs have extensive interference with morphine’s pharmacological effects, including dependence. Objectives:The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of isoniazid, a GABAergic agent, on the acquisition and expression of morphine-induced dependence in male mice. Methods: Sixty-four male mice were used. The mice became dependent on morphine by administrating ten doses of morphine in four days. For the precipitation of the morphine withdrawal signs (jumping, diarrhea, and weight loss), two hours after the last dose of morphine, the mice received naloxone (4 mg/kg, IP). In the expression experiment, four groups of mice received saline or isoniazid (25, 50, and 75 mg/kg, IP) one hour before naloxone. In the acquisition experiment, the other four groups, one hour before the first six doses of morphine, received saline or isoniazid (25, 50, and 75 mg/kg, IP). Results: In the expression experiment, all doses of isoniazid decreased the number of jumping in mice, but only the lowest dose influenced diarrhea (increased weight of diarrheal stool) significantly. The higher doses of isoniazid (50 and 75 mg/kg, IP) caused a significant reduction in the percentage of weight loss, but its lowest dose (25 mg/kg, IP) significantly increased the sign. In the acquisition experiment, isoniazid (25, 50 mg/kg IP) decreased the number of jumping and the percentage of weight loss, but not the weight of diarrheal stool. Conclusion: Isoniazid may be a good candidate to prevent morphine withdrawal signs.
{"title":"Effects of Isoniazid on the Acquisition and Expression of Morphine Dependence in Male Mice","authors":"A. Barzegari, K. Shahabi","doi":"10.18502/pbr.v7i4.9377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/pbr.v7i4.9377","url":null,"abstract":"Background:GABAergic drugs have extensive interference with morphine’s pharmacological effects, including dependence. \u0000Objectives:The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of isoniazid, a GABAergic agent, on the acquisition and expression of morphine-induced dependence in male mice. \u0000Methods: Sixty-four male mice were used. The mice became dependent on morphine by administrating ten doses of morphine in four days. For the precipitation of the morphine withdrawal signs (jumping, diarrhea, and weight loss), two hours after the last dose of morphine, the mice received naloxone (4 mg/kg, IP). In the expression experiment, four groups of mice received saline or isoniazid (25, 50, and 75 mg/kg, IP) one hour before naloxone. In the acquisition experiment, the other four groups, one hour before the first six doses of morphine, received saline or isoniazid (25, 50, and 75 mg/kg, IP). \u0000Results: In the expression experiment, all doses of isoniazid decreased the number of jumping in mice, but only the lowest dose influenced diarrhea (increased weight of diarrheal stool) significantly. The higher doses of isoniazid (50 and 75 mg/kg, IP) caused a significant reduction in the percentage of weight loss, but its lowest dose (25 mg/kg, IP) significantly increased the sign. In the acquisition experiment, isoniazid (25, 50 mg/kg IP) decreased the number of jumping and the percentage of weight loss, but not the weight of diarrheal stool. \u0000Conclusion: Isoniazid may be a good candidate to prevent morphine withdrawal signs.","PeriodicalId":6323,"journal":{"name":"2005 Asian Conference on Sensors and the International Conference on New Techniques in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83372750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Yarahmadi, M. Nabiuni, Latifeh Karimzadeh Bardei, Majid Kabuli
Background: The membrane form of a Cluster of Differentiation 14 (CD14) is anchored to the phospholipid bilayer via glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor. This molecule is expressed on the intrinsic surface of monocytes and neutrophils. This protein is not expressed on the HL60 cell surface. It is believed that the differentiation of HL-60 cells stops in the promyelocytic stage. The differentiation of HL-60 cells with compounds such as vitamin A, D, E results in membrane CD14 expression. Objectives: The objective of this study was an evaluation of CD14 expression by Honey Bee Venom (HBV) in HL60 cells treated by D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate (D-α-TS). Methods: HL-60 cells were cultured in RPMI Media 1640 medium and treated with different concentrations of D-α-TS and HBV. Cellular differentiation was tested by Nitro Blue Tetrazolium (NBT) staining, immunocytochemistry, and flow cytometry. The studied data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and InStat 3 software. Methods: HL-60 cells were cultured in RPMI medium and treated with different concentrations of D-α-TS and HBV. Cellular differentiation was tested by NBT staining, immunocytochemistry, and flow cytometry. The studied data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and InStat 3 software. Results: MTT assay demonstrated that HBV and D-alpha-tocopheryl induce death in HL-60 cell lines in a time and dose-dependent manner. Also, Wright-Giemsa, NBT staining showed morphologically differentiation. Immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry analysis shows that cells treated with 6 µg/mL D-α-TS and 2.5 µg/mL HBV for 5 days significantly increase the expression of CD14 in HL-60 compared to cells treated with D-α-TS. Conclusion: HBV can induce cell death and inhibit cell proliferation. Also, increase differentiation potency of D-α-TS via HBV can increase the differentiation by inhibiting NFκB and COX-2 and increasing the expression of P21 that plays an essential role in increasing CD14 protein expression and subsequently induce differentiation in HL-60 cells to monocytes.
{"title":"The Effect of Honey Bee Venom on CD14 Protein Expression as Monocyte Marker in D-Alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate (Vitamin E)-Treated HL-60 Cells","authors":"A. Yarahmadi, M. Nabiuni, Latifeh Karimzadeh Bardei, Majid Kabuli","doi":"10.18502/pbr.v7i4.9374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/pbr.v7i4.9374","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The membrane form of a Cluster of Differentiation 14 (CD14) is anchored to the phospholipid bilayer via glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor. This molecule is expressed on the intrinsic surface of monocytes and neutrophils. This protein is not expressed on the HL60 cell surface. It is believed that the differentiation of HL-60 cells stops in the promyelocytic stage. The differentiation of HL-60 cells with compounds such as vitamin A, D, E results in membrane CD14 expression. \u0000Objectives: The objective of this study was an evaluation of CD14 expression by Honey Bee Venom (HBV) in HL60 cells treated by D-alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate (D-α-TS). Methods: HL-60 cells were cultured in RPMI Media 1640 medium and treated with different concentrations of D-α-TS and HBV. Cellular differentiation was tested by Nitro Blue Tetrazolium (NBT) staining, immunocytochemistry, and flow cytometry. The studied data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and InStat 3 software. \u0000Methods: HL-60 cells were cultured in RPMI medium and treated with different concentrations of D-α-TS and HBV. Cellular differentiation was tested by NBT staining, immunocytochemistry, and flow cytometry. The studied data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and InStat 3 software. \u0000Results: MTT assay demonstrated that HBV and D-alpha-tocopheryl induce death in HL-60 cell lines in a time and dose-dependent manner. Also, Wright-Giemsa, NBT staining showed morphologically differentiation. Immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry analysis shows that cells treated with 6 µg/mL D-α-TS and 2.5 µg/mL HBV for 5 days significantly increase the expression of CD14 in HL-60 compared to cells treated with D-α-TS. \u0000Conclusion: HBV can induce cell death and inhibit cell proliferation. Also, increase differentiation potency of D-α-TS via HBV can increase the differentiation by inhibiting NFκB and COX-2 and increasing the expression of P21 that plays an essential role in increasing CD14 protein expression and subsequently induce differentiation in HL-60 cells to monocytes.","PeriodicalId":6323,"journal":{"name":"2005 Asian Conference on Sensors and the International Conference on New Techniques in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86958857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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