Three well-known spatial interpolation approaches, namely, kriging, inverse distance weighted, and slpine, were evaluated and used to identify hot-spots of soil available P in a hilly area. This study aims to evaluate different well-known spatial interpolation approaches for soil available P in a hilly area. Average Standard Error, Root Mean Square Error, Root Mean Square Standardized Error, and Mean Error were used to evaluate the performance of different methods. The krigingplus second trend effect model performed better than the inverse distance weighted and spline techniques in predicting soil available P spatial variability. The analyses of statistical and kriged map indicated that a general deficiency of soil available P in the study area.
{"title":"Comparison of Spatial Interpolation Methods for Soil Available P in a Hilly Area","authors":"Shao-qing Wang, E. Liu, Huijuan Zhang, Wu Wei","doi":"10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.367","url":null,"abstract":"Three well-known spatial interpolation approaches, namely, kriging, inverse distance weighted, and slpine, were evaluated and used to identify hot-spots of soil available P in a hilly area. This study aims to evaluate different well-known spatial interpolation approaches for soil available P in a hilly area. Average Standard Error, Root Mean Square Error, Root Mean Square Standardized Error, and Mean Error were used to evaluate the performance of different methods. The krigingplus second trend effect model performed better than the inverse distance weighted and spline techniques in predicting soil available P spatial variability. The analyses of statistical and kriged map indicated that a general deficiency of soil available P in the study area.","PeriodicalId":6328,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computer Distributed Control and Intelligent Environmental Monitoring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79100626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is a challenge technique to capture and storageCO2 by hydrate crystallization. In order to increase the hydrate formation rate and decrease the energy consumption, the effect of different stirring times on CO2hydrate formation was carried out experimentally in a small scale reactor. The results showed that the stirring could improve the CO2 gas dissolution rate effectively during the hydrate formation process. CO2 gas reached dissolution saturation in only three minutes with the stirring rate of250r/min, while this process required about 100 minutes without stirring. In addition, it was found that stirring is extremely favorable for the hydrate formation when it occurs during the temperature cooling down process. With40-munite stirring in the temperature cooling down process, the hydrate formation showed almost the same effect to that introduced by 200 minutes stirring, and the energy consumption was reduced significantly.
{"title":"Characteristics of CO2 Hydrate Production with Mechanical Enhancement","authors":"L. Ni, Zhao Jing-de","doi":"10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.176","url":null,"abstract":"It is a challenge technique to capture and storageCO2 by hydrate crystallization. In order to increase the hydrate formation rate and decrease the energy consumption, the effect of different stirring times on CO2hydrate formation was carried out experimentally in a small scale reactor. The results showed that the stirring could improve the CO2 gas dissolution rate effectively during the hydrate formation process. CO2 gas reached dissolution saturation in only three minutes with the stirring rate of250r/min, while this process required about 100 minutes without stirring. In addition, it was found that stirring is extremely favorable for the hydrate formation when it occurs during the temperature cooling down process. With40-munite stirring in the temperature cooling down process, the hydrate formation showed almost the same effect to that introduced by 200 minutes stirring, and the energy consumption was reduced significantly.","PeriodicalId":6328,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computer Distributed Control and Intelligent Environmental Monitoring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87337407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Time-of-use (TOU) tariff is an important means toad just the residential electricity consumption behavior and reduce the difference between the peak and valley load. This paper sets up a residential electricity consumption inclination model by extracting data from the Huainan Electricity Sales & Marketing Database including threetypical users electricity consumption. The mathematic model contains valley quantity coefficient, valley electricity consumption increase per household, peak electricity consumption increase per household and electricity costs increase per household. It is founded that the TOU tariff policy has increased residential electricity consumption. And most residents are willing to consume more valley electricity, and the effect on valley load filling is comparatively obvious.
{"title":"Study on TOU Price Implantation Effect on Huainan Resident","authors":"Libin Mei, Wang Qiulan","doi":"10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.397","url":null,"abstract":"Time-of-use (TOU) tariff is an important means toad just the residential electricity consumption behavior and reduce the difference between the peak and valley load. This paper sets up a residential electricity consumption inclination model by extracting data from the Huainan Electricity Sales & Marketing Database including threetypical users electricity consumption. The mathematic model contains valley quantity coefficient, valley electricity consumption increase per household, peak electricity consumption increase per household and electricity costs increase per household. It is founded that the TOU tariff policy has increased residential electricity consumption. And most residents are willing to consume more valley electricity, and the effect on valley load filling is comparatively obvious.","PeriodicalId":6328,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computer Distributed Control and Intelligent Environmental Monitoring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90513332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As the diesel emission standards become stricter, diesel particulate filter (DPF)is being the dispensable post-treatment device reducing particulate emissions. In this paper, diesel particulate filter radial filtration efficiency distribution model is developed and formulated, based on microcosmic capturing mechanism and velocity distribution. The particle filtration efficiencies with different divergence angle, entrance velocity, channel width, wall thickness, are compared. The conclusion shows that the filtration efficiency of 7.5 nm diameter particles is highest, and the efficiency decreases while the particle diameter increases, until near240 nm diameter particles, and increases with particles diameter increasing to 1¦Ìmcontinuously. With decaying entrance velocity, channel width, and increasing wall thickness, radial location, the filtration efficiencies of different size particles ascend with different range.
{"title":"Research of Particle Filtration Efficiency Distribution in DPF","authors":"Zhang Min, S. Ping","doi":"10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.245","url":null,"abstract":"As the diesel emission standards become stricter, diesel particulate filter (DPF)is being the dispensable post-treatment device reducing particulate emissions. In this paper, diesel particulate filter radial filtration efficiency distribution model is developed and formulated, based on microcosmic capturing mechanism and velocity distribution. The particle filtration efficiencies with different divergence angle, entrance velocity, channel width, wall thickness, are compared. The conclusion shows that the filtration efficiency of 7.5 nm diameter particles is highest, and the efficiency decreases while the particle diameter increases, until near240 nm diameter particles, and increases with particles diameter increasing to 1¦Ìmcontinuously. With decaying entrance velocity, channel width, and increasing wall thickness, radial location, the filtration efficiencies of different size particles ascend with different range.","PeriodicalId":6328,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computer Distributed Control and Intelligent Environmental Monitoring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75845611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the process of impinging dryness, surface convective heat transfer coefficient is one of the most important parameters of effecting dryness effectiveness. It is usually confirmed by testing, this paper, for film drying craftwork under impingement jet, gives the computational method of surface convective heat transfer coefficient, and analyses the effect of the three factors, which are the difference in temperature between drying medium and the surface of damp material, latent heat of solvent vaporization and pressure of drying medium, on the coefficient of correction of surface convective heat transfer coefficient by the graph. The conclusion is solvent vaporization is leading factor, if ignore its effect, the maximum error can be 20%. But when solvent is water, each factor¡¯s effect on coefficient of correction is less than 2%, so we can ignore the effect of coefficient of correction. At last for special dryness processing of pressure sensitive adhesive tap, relative error between calculated value and known theoretical value is5.08% by making use of the given computational method of the surface convective heat transfer coefficient, after amending it, the relative error could reduce to be3.57%. The research result can improve energy efficiency.
{"title":"The Analysis of Affect Factors in Correct Coefficient of Surface Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient during Film Drying Process","authors":"Xiaoyan Liu, Ying Xu, Chuan-Jing Wu","doi":"10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.559","url":null,"abstract":"In the process of impinging dryness, surface convective heat transfer coefficient is one of the most important parameters of effecting dryness effectiveness. It is usually confirmed by testing, this paper, for film drying craftwork under impingement jet, gives the computational method of surface convective heat transfer coefficient, and analyses the effect of the three factors, which are the difference in temperature between drying medium and the surface of damp material, latent heat of solvent vaporization and pressure of drying medium, on the coefficient of correction of surface convective heat transfer coefficient by the graph. The conclusion is solvent vaporization is leading factor, if ignore its effect, the maximum error can be 20%. But when solvent is water, each factor¡¯s effect on coefficient of correction is less than 2%, so we can ignore the effect of coefficient of correction. At last for special dryness processing of pressure sensitive adhesive tap, relative error between calculated value and known theoretical value is5.08% by making use of the given computational method of the surface convective heat transfer coefficient, after amending it, the relative error could reduce to be3.57%. The research result can improve energy efficiency.","PeriodicalId":6328,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computer Distributed Control and Intelligent Environmental Monitoring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73960854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After the development of municipal solid waste(MSW) composting domestic and abroad was reviewed systematically, the developing restricted factors and applied difficulties of composting technologies recently in our country were discussed comprehensively. The developing trend of composting research is to meet the need of rapid fermentation of MSW which has high water and organic material content. At last, the technical points and feasibilities of a new-type rapid composting process was demonstrated based on the energy-saving effect of gravity tipping rapid composting of MSW with a short period.
{"title":"Practice and Development of Municipal Solid Waste Rapid Composting in China","authors":"Haibin Chen, Li Zhang, Yu Yang, Chao Wu, Wei Wei","doi":"10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.464","url":null,"abstract":"After the development of municipal solid waste(MSW) composting domestic and abroad was reviewed systematically, the developing restricted factors and applied difficulties of composting technologies recently in our country were discussed comprehensively. The developing trend of composting research is to meet the need of rapid fermentation of MSW which has high water and organic material content. At last, the technical points and feasibilities of a new-type rapid composting process was demonstrated based on the energy-saving effect of gravity tipping rapid composting of MSW with a short period.","PeriodicalId":6328,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computer Distributed Control and Intelligent Environmental Monitoring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79407002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main component of landfill gas is CH4, its release is a potential hazard to the environment. To understand the gas law and landfill gas production are the prerequisite for effective control of landfill gas. This paper selects three kinds of typical gas production in landfill gas forecasting model: German model ¡¢IPCC model ¡¢Marticorena dynamic model, using every model analyzes the landfill gas of Shenyang Laohuchong landfill, we found that Marticorena dynamic model is more fitting, then we put forward measures to control landfill emission gas. Effective control the release of landfill gas has significant economic, social and environmental benefits.
{"title":"Forecast and Control Methods of Landfill Emission Gas to Atmosphere","authors":"W. Qi, Yan Meihua, Wang Jie","doi":"10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.572","url":null,"abstract":"The main component of landfill gas is CH4, its release is a potential hazard to the environment. To understand the gas law and landfill gas production are the prerequisite for effective control of landfill gas. This paper selects three kinds of typical gas production in landfill gas forecasting model: German model ¡¢IPCC model ¡¢Marticorena dynamic model, using every model analyzes the landfill gas of Shenyang Laohuchong landfill, we found that Marticorena dynamic model is more fitting, then we put forward measures to control landfill emission gas. Effective control the release of landfill gas has significant economic, social and environmental benefits.","PeriodicalId":6328,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computer Distributed Control and Intelligent Environmental Monitoring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83132360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As technologies advance constantly, households respond to energy efficiency improvement with higher energy consumption per unit. The current rapid economic development and the other latent reason ¡ª rebound effect induce such phenomenon. Rebound effect has long been ignored in the household energy efficiency of China while it has been recognized widely all over the world. Since there exists a high rebound effect of at least 30% in the household energy efficiency of China and has a negative influence on the energy demand and security, this article summarizes five feasible ways reduce the rebound effect and analyzes the values:(1) increase energy prices, (2) build rational energy prices system, (3) improve consumer behavior, (4) improve energy efficiency, and (5) develop renewable energy resources.
{"title":"How to Reduce the Rebound Effect in the Household Sector of China for the National Energy Demand and Energy Security","authors":"Jinlong Ouyang, ZiYun Wang","doi":"10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.42","url":null,"abstract":"As technologies advance constantly, households respond to energy efficiency improvement with higher energy consumption per unit. The current rapid economic development and the other latent reason ¡ª rebound effect induce such phenomenon. Rebound effect has long been ignored in the household energy efficiency of China while it has been recognized widely all over the world. Since there exists a high rebound effect of at least 30% in the household energy efficiency of China and has a negative influence on the energy demand and security, this article summarizes five feasible ways reduce the rebound effect and analyzes the values:(1) increase energy prices, (2) build rational energy prices system, (3) improve consumer behavior, (4) improve energy efficiency, and (5) develop renewable energy resources.","PeriodicalId":6328,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computer Distributed Control and Intelligent Environmental Monitoring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81156197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydrology time series prediction is significant. It is not only helpful to set the planning in daily configuration works of water resources, but also provides guidance for leaders to make decision, especially in some special case such as flood and seriously lack water. In order to solve the imbalance complexity of prediction model and complexity of samples and raise forecasting accuracy, combined prediction model based on support vector machine and grey theory was proposed. The grey time series prediction method was used to reduce complexity of samples and the support vector machine regression was used to reduce complexity of prediction model. The incoming water time series of Minjiang River in 1937-2002 were taken as the sample to be analyzed. The results show that the combined algorithm of ¦Å- support vector regression and grey theory has better effects in simulate of trend data and the random data in medium and long-term forecasting.
{"title":"Research on Hydrology Time Series Prediction Based on Grey Theory and [epsilon]-Support Vector Regression","authors":"Zhao Cheng-ping, Liang Chuan, Guo Hai-wei","doi":"10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CDCIEM.2011.345","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrology time series prediction is significant. It is not only helpful to set the planning in daily configuration works of water resources, but also provides guidance for leaders to make decision, especially in some special case such as flood and seriously lack water. In order to solve the imbalance complexity of prediction model and complexity of samples and raise forecasting accuracy, combined prediction model based on support vector machine and grey theory was proposed. The grey time series prediction method was used to reduce complexity of samples and the support vector machine regression was used to reduce complexity of prediction model. The incoming water time series of Minjiang River in 1937-2002 were taken as the sample to be analyzed. The results show that the combined algorithm of ¦Å- support vector regression and grey theory has better effects in simulate of trend data and the random data in medium and long-term forecasting.","PeriodicalId":6328,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computer Distributed Control and Intelligent Environmental Monitoring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89629355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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