Journal of Food Science and Technology最新文献

Edible flowers have been a part of various traditional dishes around the world. The consumption of edible flowers has been rising due to their nutritional properties, minerals, antioxidants, phenolic and bioactive compounds, therapeutic properties, and also aesthetic appeal. Along with the nutrients, some antinutrients and other chemical, biological, microbial hazards may render flowers non-edible. The components responsible for flavor in edible flowers are different from species to species. Bioactive compounds play a major role in sensory attributes of edible flowers. Various functional food products such as bakery items, dairy products, beverages etc. can be developed by incorporating edible flowers. Understanding various properties of edible flowers, their safe consumption, and utilization as functional ingredients in the development of various food products is not only useful but also necessary to popularize edible flowers for novel applications. It is important for food safety experts to recognize and reduce the risks connected with edible flowers.

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The investigation was conducted to standardize the manufacturing protocol for Pizza cheese employing ‘dual acidification’ [i.e. glucono-delta-lactone (GDL) plus starter culture (SC)] and studying its impact on the quality characteristics of cheese as affected by milk pre-acidification. The recommended conditions for pre-acidification using GDL during Pizza cheese making were 0.7% GDL (2.0% strength) solution to achieve a milk pH of 6.2. Cheese PreGDL_0.7 had the maximum values of fat, protein and ash; such cheese had the least moisture, calcium, yield and recoveries of milk solids. The calcium content, recoveries of milk solids and cheese yield were markedly higher for cheese PreGDL_0.5 than control cheese. Cheese PreGDL_0.7 was associated with higher values of hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness, while springiness and adhesiveness were greater for PreGDL_0.5. The total sensory score of cheese PreGDL_0.7, evaluated as pizza topping, was somewhat better than the scores of the other two cheeses. Cheese PreGDL_0.7 had ‘very good’ shredability, stretched to a maximum height, had superior meltability and controlled fat leakage compared to the other two experimental cheeses. Pre-acidification of milk with GDL was advantageous for cheese making with regard to reduced cheese making time, yield and superior baking properties.

The consumer acceptability of pie prepared from African Giant Burrowing Crickets flour was investigated. Crickets were subjected to different drying methods, while cricket sample with the highest quantity of crude protein was used in the development of cricket pie. The developed cricket pie was subjected to sensory evaluation and results were analysed using analysis of variance test (ANOVA). Results showed that drying method significantly affected the proximate and mineral compositions of the cricket samples, with freeze dried samples generally having the highest values. Pie with 15% cricket flour inclusion had the highest general acceptability (7.05) among others and competed favourably with control pie (7.15) which was not significantly different (p ≤ 0.05). Consumer acceptability index shows that all the developed pies scored above average (over 50%) in all the attributes evaluated. Generally, all sensory attributes influenced panellists’ choice of pie. The crude fat, crude protein and crude fibre content of pie with 15% cricket flour inclusion were higher than that of the control sample. The implication of this study to the food industry is that a protein enriched baked product such as pie can be developed using cricket flour, with all sensory characteristics carefully controlled to obtain an acceptable product.

Black glutinous rice grains are hard cooking even though they have been soaked in water for a long period of time. This study aimed to improve the cooking quality of black glutinous rice by the low-pressure cold plasma. The low-pressure cold plasma significantly increased the lightness of the rice grains, especially the oxygen and air plasma. The water uptake of the rice grains was significantly increased after plasma treatment. No difference among the plasmas generated by Ar, Air or O₂ gases. SEM examination showed that the surface structure of rice grains changed from smoothness to roughness throughout the break and reduced the contact angle. Air and O₂plasma increased the softness and stickiness of cooked rice. Anthocyanin content was significantly increased in the range of 14.59 to 25.97 mg/100g in treated sample than those of untreated (10.72 mg/100 g). Air and O₂plasma could modify the surface structure of rice grains due to increased softness and stickiness while reducing hardness. Therefore, low-pressure cold plasma could be a potential innovative technology for improving the cooking quality process while maintaining the nutritional value of black glutinous rice grains.

UVC light effect on phenolic compounds in vanilla pods is analyzed for the first time.

The pods showed a significant increase in total phenolic compounds with the 2.16 J/m² dose.

Microwaves and ultrasound increased total phenolic compounds during vanilla curing.

A uniform and controlled curing process is obtained with the proposed methodology.

This study was to provide innovative information on bio-fortification and to implement strategies for improving vitamin D₃ in wheat products. The commercially available wheat grains were passed through different milling processes via Hammer mill (HM) and Roller mill (RM) to yield wheat flour of different particle sizes (HM-CWF, HM-FWF, RM-WF and RM-MF). The obtained flours were fortified with commercially available vitamin D₃ oil premix. Fortification efficiency was higher in finer flour (HM-FWF and RM-MF). Fortification had no significant effect on the color of the flour. Physico-chemical analysis revealed higher damaged starch in HM flour than in RM which was confirmed through scanning electron microscope. Water absorption capacity enhanced with larger particle size with simultaneous reduction in dough development time. Chapatis were prepared with fortified HM-CWF, HM-FWF, and RM-WF, whereas bread was made with RM-MF. Fortification has no significant effect on the texture and color of prepared chapati and bread. Sensory analysis revealed a slightly higher positive effect in the fortified sample with overall acceptability. HM-FWF Chapatis had the best retention of vitamin D₃ (85%), and the fortified bread prepared from RM-MF had 70% retention. This research suggests that fortifying fine flour with vitamin D₃ is more effective than using coarse flour.

The interest in insects as food has increased in the latest years. Their use as low-moisture food ingredients has led to study their behavior during storage. The moisture sorption isotherms of Mexican edible insect᾽s flours (cricket-Acheta domesticus, mealworm-Tenebrio molitor, superworm-Zophoba morio, grasshopper-Sphenarium purpurascens, escamol-Liometopum apiculatum) were determined through the dynamic method. Mathematical models were used for fitting the adsorption and desorption curves and Akaike Information Criteria (AIC_i) was used to evaluate their performance. Hysteresis was determined quantitatively. The samples presented a BET Type II behavior; for adsorption and desorption, GAB and Peleg᾽s were the models with the best fitting according to the AIC_i, respectively. GAB (R² ≥ 0.991) was used to determine M₀, with values ranging between 4.14 (superworm-adsorption) and 6.40 gH₂O/100 g d.s. (mealworm-desorption). Also, escamol desorption GAB C value was up to 12.6 times higher than the one observed in adsorption, being this one the less stable sample. The lowest areas of hysteresis were observed for cricket (1.32) and grasshopper (1.63), resulting in stable materials; this agreed with the C values of GAB. More studies are needed for the establishment of processing conditions of insects, information required for local producers to increase the insect market in Mexico and in the world.