Pub Date : 2012-06-17DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6258357
Linsheng Wu, J. Mao, W. Yin, M. Tang
The average power handling capability (APHC) of quarter-wavelength microstrip stepped-impedance resonator (SIR) bandpass filter (BPF) is studied and fast predicted, according to the transmission line theory for heat conduction and the coupled resonator circuit model. The effects of the compact geometries on the temperature rise are characterized numerically. The proposed procedure for determining APHC is validated with good agreement achieved between the temperature rise of a ninth-order interdigital SIR BPF captured by our method and that obtained from the 3D-FEM simulation.
{"title":"Average power handling capability of quarter-wavelength microstrip stepped-impedance resonator bandpass filter","authors":"Linsheng Wu, J. Mao, W. Yin, M. Tang","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6258357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6258357","url":null,"abstract":"The average power handling capability (APHC) of quarter-wavelength microstrip stepped-impedance resonator (SIR) bandpass filter (BPF) is studied and fast predicted, according to the transmission line theory for heat conduction and the coupled resonator circuit model. The effects of the compact geometries on the temperature rise are characterized numerically. The proposed procedure for determining APHC is validated with good agreement achieved between the temperature rise of a ninth-order interdigital SIR BPF captured by our method and that obtained from the 3D-FEM simulation.","PeriodicalId":6385,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74581513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-17DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6259426
O. Ahmed, M. Bakr, Xun Li
We present a memory efficient implementation of transmission line modeling (TLM)-based adjoint sensitivities. In the original theory, all the transmission line voltage impulses are stored for all the perturbed cells at each time step for both the original and adjoint simulations. This storage can be extensive especially for problems with dielectric discontinuities. We show that only 10% of this storage is required to estimate the adjoint sensitivities with the same accuracy. Our technique exploits a factorization of the scattering matrix that eliminates redundancies in the stored impulses. This technique is illustrated through a three dimensional example that incorporates multiple parameters.
{"title":"Memory efficient adjoint sensitivity analysis exploiting 3D time domain transmission line modeling","authors":"O. Ahmed, M. Bakr, Xun Li","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6259426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6259426","url":null,"abstract":"We present a memory efficient implementation of transmission line modeling (TLM)-based adjoint sensitivities. In the original theory, all the transmission line voltage impulses are stored for all the perturbed cells at each time step for both the original and adjoint simulations. This storage can be extensive especially for problems with dielectric discontinuities. We show that only 10% of this storage is required to estimate the adjoint sensitivities with the same accuracy. Our technique exploits a factorization of the scattering matrix that eliminates redundancies in the stored impulses. This technique is illustrated through a three dimensional example that incorporates multiple parameters.","PeriodicalId":6385,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74797550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-17DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6259621
T. Jaeschke, M. Vogt, C. Baer, C. Bredendiek, N. Pohl
Due to advances in technology, resulting in coverage of even higher, and rarely used, frequency regions with low-cost semiconductors, ultra wideband radar systems are getting more feasible for several kinds of applications. In this contribution, the effects of using radar systems with an ultra high spatial resolution, in combination with high precision distance measurements, especially for solid bulk material, and short range synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging are discussed. Furthermore, measurements with a wideband (24.5GHz bandwidth) radar sensor in these applications have been done to demonstrate the advantages, of the high resolution. Especially distance measurement applications with many targets or disturbing scatterers benefit from the wide bandwidth. Here, for the measured scenario an accuracy enhancement of a factor 4 to 8 has been obtained by increasing the bandwidth from 4GHz to 24.5 GHz. Furthermore, short range SAR images with a nearly isotropic resolution of 1.3 cm in range, and 1.5 cm in azimuth direction (−6 dB width, Hanning window) are presented. The use of 24.5 GHz bandwidth, and the accordingly better range resolution, which is now in the same dimension as the azimuth resolution, drastically increases the image quality compared to images taken with 4 GHz bandwidth.
由于技术的进步，导致覆盖范围更高，很少使用，低成本半导体的频率区域，超宽带雷达系统在几种应用中变得越来越可行。在这篇贡献中，讨论了使用超高空间分辨率的雷达系统，结合高精度距离测量，特别是固体块状材料，以及近距离合成孔径雷达(SAR)成像的影响。此外，在这些应用中使用宽带(24.5GHz带宽)雷达传感器进行了测量，以证明高分辨率的优势。特别是在有许多目标或干扰散射体的距离测量应用中，宽频带是非常有利的。在这里，对于测量场景，通过将带宽从4GHz增加到24.5 GHz，精度提高了4到8倍。此外，还获得了近各向同性分辨率的近距离SAR图像，距离分辨率为1.3 cm，方位角分辨率为1.5 cm (Hanning窗宽度为- 6 dB)。使用24.5 GHz带宽，以及相应的更好的距离分辨率(现在与方位角分辨率处于同一维度)，与使用4 GHz带宽拍摄的图像相比，大大提高了图像质量。
{"title":"Improvements in distance measurement and SAR-imaging applications by using ultra-high resolution mm-wave FMCW radar systems","authors":"T. Jaeschke, M. Vogt, C. Baer, C. Bredendiek, N. Pohl","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6259621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6259621","url":null,"abstract":"Due to advances in technology, resulting in coverage of even higher, and rarely used, frequency regions with low-cost semiconductors, ultra wideband radar systems are getting more feasible for several kinds of applications. In this contribution, the effects of using radar systems with an ultra high spatial resolution, in combination with high precision distance measurements, especially for solid bulk material, and short range synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging are discussed. Furthermore, measurements with a wideband (24.5GHz bandwidth) radar sensor in these applications have been done to demonstrate the advantages, of the high resolution. Especially distance measurement applications with many targets or disturbing scatterers benefit from the wide bandwidth. Here, for the measured scenario an accuracy enhancement of a factor 4 to 8 has been obtained by increasing the bandwidth from 4GHz to 24.5 GHz. Furthermore, short range SAR images with a nearly isotropic resolution of 1.3 cm in range, and 1.5 cm in azimuth direction (−6 dB width, Hanning window) are presented. The use of 24.5 GHz bandwidth, and the accordingly better range resolution, which is now in the same dimension as the azimuth resolution, drastically increases the image quality compared to images taken with 4 GHz bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":6385,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest","volume":"101 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78606556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-17DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6259752
Kyu Y. Han, C. Pao
A wideband, low loss inline transition from microstrip line to rectangular waveguide is presented. This transition efficiently couples energy from a microstrip line to a ridge and subsequently to a TE10 waveguide. This unique structure requires no mechanical pressure for electrical contact between the microstrip probe and the ridge because the main planar circuitry and ridge sections are placed on a single housing. The measured insertion loss for back-to-back transition is 0.5 – 0.7 dB (0.25 – 0.35 dB/transition) in the band 50 – 72 GHz.
{"title":"A V-band waveguide to microstrip inline transition","authors":"Kyu Y. Han, C. Pao","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6259752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6259752","url":null,"abstract":"A wideband, low loss inline transition from microstrip line to rectangular waveguide is presented. This transition efficiently couples energy from a microstrip line to a ridge and subsequently to a TE10 waveguide. This unique structure requires no mechanical pressure for electrical contact between the microstrip probe and the ridge because the main planar circuitry and ridge sections are placed on a single housing. The measured insertion loss for back-to-back transition is 0.5 – 0.7 dB (0.25 – 0.35 dB/transition) in the band 50 – 72 GHz.","PeriodicalId":6385,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest","volume":"2019 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75055515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-17DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6259715
Yonghui Tao, G. Wang
Flat left-handed metamaterial (LHM) lens shows great potentials for superficial tumor hyperthermia. In clinic, superficial tumor may occur in a considerably large area, and take different shapes. For such superficial tumors, joint heating by using multiple sources are desired for effective hyperthermia. In this paper, it is demonstrated by numerical simulations that by properly arranging the positions of the sources, the heat region in tissue characterized by heating temperature above 42°C can be enlarged properly.
{"title":"Hyperthermia of large superficial tumor with a flat LHM lens","authors":"Yonghui Tao, G. Wang","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6259715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6259715","url":null,"abstract":"Flat left-handed metamaterial (LHM) lens shows great potentials for superficial tumor hyperthermia. In clinic, superficial tumor may occur in a considerably large area, and take different shapes. For such superficial tumors, joint heating by using multiple sources are desired for effective hyperthermia. In this paper, it is demonstrated by numerical simulations that by properly arranging the positions of the sources, the heat region in tissue characterized by heating temperature above 42°C can be enlarged properly.","PeriodicalId":6385,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest","volume":"59 12","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72614366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-17DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6258422
A. Helmy, K. Entesari
This paper presents a miniaturized broadband dielectric spectroscopy system for dielectric characterization and chemical sensing for 1-to-8 GHz frequency range. Sensor operation is based on detecting the phase shift of a signal passing through a true-time-delay (TTD) cell at the presence of an organic chemical. Cascaded TTD cells are used to improve the detection accuracy and the sensing bandwidth. Measurements with calibration show accurate detection of frequency-dependent permittivity for organic chemicals with permittivities up to 20.
{"title":"A 1-to-8 GHz miniaturized dielectric spectroscopy system for chemical sensing","authors":"A. Helmy, K. Entesari","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6258422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6258422","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a miniaturized broadband dielectric spectroscopy system for dielectric characterization and chemical sensing for 1-to-8 GHz frequency range. Sensor operation is based on detecting the phase shift of a signal passing through a true-time-delay (TTD) cell at the presence of an organic chemical. Cascaded TTD cells are used to improve the detection accuracy and the sensing bandwidth. Measurements with calibration show accurate detection of frequency-dependent permittivity for organic chemicals with permittivities up to 20.","PeriodicalId":6385,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74954886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-17DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6258402
J. Osth, A. Serban, M. Karlsson, Shaofang Gong
In a six-port demodulator utilizing diodes for power detection, impedance mismatch at the interface between the six-port correlator and diodes generates unwanted local oscillator (LO) leakage to the radio frequency (RF) port. A six-port modulator that uses variable reflection coefficients at specific ports to generate a modulated RF may also suffer from LO leakage if there is a static part in the reflection coefficient. It is known that LO leakage to the RF port not only generates unwanted emission of the LO signal, but also degrades the receiver system performance due to a dynamic dc offset and second-order non-linearity at the detected baseband signal. How this LO leakage appears to the RF port in six-port demodulators and modulators are analyzed. Two different approaches to suppress the LO leakage is then discussed: a) diode impedance matching and b) introduction of a γ/4 line on specific ports. The performance when γ/4 lines are used on specific ports is verified by measurement for both a demodulator and a modulator. The measurement shows high suppression of the LO leakage.
{"title":"LO leakage in six-port modulators and demodulators and its suppression techniques","authors":"J. Osth, A. Serban, M. Karlsson, Shaofang Gong","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6258402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6258402","url":null,"abstract":"In a six-port demodulator utilizing diodes for power detection, impedance mismatch at the interface between the six-port correlator and diodes generates unwanted local oscillator (LO) leakage to the radio frequency (RF) port. A six-port modulator that uses variable reflection coefficients at specific ports to generate a modulated RF may also suffer from LO leakage if there is a static part in the reflection coefficient. It is known that LO leakage to the RF port not only generates unwanted emission of the LO signal, but also degrades the receiver system performance due to a dynamic dc offset and second-order non-linearity at the detected baseband signal. How this LO leakage appears to the RF port in six-port demodulators and modulators are analyzed. Two different approaches to suppress the LO leakage is then discussed: a) diode impedance matching and b) introduction of a γ/4 line on specific ports. The performance when γ/4 lines are used on specific ports is verified by measurement for both a demodulator and a modulator. The measurement shows high suppression of the LO leakage.","PeriodicalId":6385,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest","volume":"30 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80169389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-17DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6257779
L. Whicker
This Paper begins with a brief discussion of the state of passive components in the 1960 time frame. At this time available control components were realized in waveguide format with a few components being realized in balanced strip transmission line. Work on ferrite isolators and phase shifters at the Sperry Microwave Electronic Co. are reviewed. Work at other organizations are reviewed also. Developments in the mid 1960's, on toroidal non-reciprocal phase shifters (latching phase shifters) are optimized for use in microwave passive arrays. Applications are presented. Later efforts on reciprocal dual mode phase shifters are described. In the dual mode phase shifters fully filled circular waveguide are used in a unique geometrical layout. The present wide usage of these in both ground based and air borne arrays are highlighted.
{"title":"The evolution of ferrite and other passive control components: A personal account","authors":"L. Whicker","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6257779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6257779","url":null,"abstract":"This Paper begins with a brief discussion of the state of passive components in the 1960 time frame. At this time available control components were realized in waveguide format with a few components being realized in balanced strip transmission line. Work on ferrite isolators and phase shifters at the Sperry Microwave Electronic Co. are reviewed. Work at other organizations are reviewed also. Developments in the mid 1960's, on toroidal non-reciprocal phase shifters (latching phase shifters) are optimized for use in microwave passive arrays. Applications are presented. Later efforts on reciprocal dual mode phase shifters are described. In the dual mode phase shifters fully filled circular waveguide are used in a unique geometrical layout. The present wide usage of these in both ground based and air borne arrays are highlighted.","PeriodicalId":6385,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest","volume":"75 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79234847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-17DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6258263
A. Tang, G. Virbila, Yen-Hsiang Wang, Q. Gu, Zhiwei Xu, L. Du, Na Yan, Yu-Hsiu Wu, Yi-Cheng Wu, Yen-Cheng Kuan, Mau-Chung Frank Chang
We have realized a 200GHz 4×4 focal plane array (FPA) by using super-regenerative receiver (SRR) pixels made of 65nm CMOS for mm-wave imaging applications. With 16 pixel elements constructed on PCB, the FPA consumes 215mA under 1V power supply. Such realization is made possible by carefully analyzing the super-regenerative interference (SRI) commonly observed in close-spaced SRRs and applying a newly developed quench synchronization scheme to suppress the undesired SRI.
{"title":"A 200 GHz 16-pixel focal plane array imager using CMOS super regenerative receivers with quench synchronization","authors":"A. Tang, G. Virbila, Yen-Hsiang Wang, Q. Gu, Zhiwei Xu, L. Du, Na Yan, Yu-Hsiu Wu, Yi-Cheng Wu, Yen-Cheng Kuan, Mau-Chung Frank Chang","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6258263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6258263","url":null,"abstract":"We have realized a 200GHz 4×4 focal plane array (FPA) by using super-regenerative receiver (SRR) pixels made of 65nm CMOS for mm-wave imaging applications. With 16 pixel elements constructed on PCB, the FPA consumes 215mA under 1V power supply. Such realization is made possible by carefully analyzing the super-regenerative interference (SRI) commonly observed in close-spaced SRRs and applying a newly developed quench synchronization scheme to suppress the undesired SRI.","PeriodicalId":6385,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest","volume":"38 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79391359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-17DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6259574
M. Willert-Porada, T. Gerdes, A. Rosin
Glass processing is energy intensive, therefore the possibility to reduce energy consumption by selective energy intake into portions of glass using microwave heating is investigated. The paper describes how microwave radiation is guided into a limited volume of glass melt subjected to extrusion into a mold for forming. A parametric study is performed to establish the best geometry for the microwave antenna inside a plunger structure which is used industrially to feed glass melt into molds. Experimental proof and material issues are discussed.
{"title":"Microwave antenna for selective heating of glass melts","authors":"M. Willert-Porada, T. Gerdes, A. Rosin","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6259574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2012.6259574","url":null,"abstract":"Glass processing is energy intensive, therefore the possibility to reduce energy consumption by selective energy intake into portions of glass using microwave heating is investigated. The paper describes how microwave radiation is guided into a limited volume of glass melt subjected to extrusion into a mold for forming. A parametric study is performed to establish the best geometry for the microwave antenna inside a plunger structure which is used industrially to feed glass melt into molds. Experimental proof and material issues are discussed.","PeriodicalId":6385,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest","volume":"118 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79399067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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