Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324897
N. I. Mohamed, T. A. Rahman, C. Leow
Achieving the high data rates proposed by the fourth generation (4G) technology using a small-size antenna on a compact device remains a major technical challenge. This paper focuses on surveying the ongoing researches on antenna design for USB dongle supporting Long Term Evolution (LTE). This article analyses the advantages and disadvantages of the alternatives of small monopole antenna design such as meandered line antenna, inverted-L antenna, inverted-F antenna, planar inverted-F antenna, and multiband antenna composed of different types of radiators for providing multifunctional operations for LTE-USB antennas. Based on isolation techniques, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques implemented has been classified and analysed. The finding is that the existing work focused on the wire or 3D antennas and still there are voids for researchers to improve the low cost, and simple profile printed antenna designs. LTE MIMO throughput measurement for characterization of antenna terminal performance study is absent from all reviewed papers contained in this study.
{"title":"Issues and challenges of LTE antenna designs for USB-dongle device","authors":"N. I. Mohamed, T. A. Rahman, C. Leow","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324897","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving the high data rates proposed by the fourth generation (4G) technology using a small-size antenna on a compact device remains a major technical challenge. This paper focuses on surveying the ongoing researches on antenna design for USB dongle supporting Long Term Evolution (LTE). This article analyses the advantages and disadvantages of the alternatives of small monopole antenna design such as meandered line antenna, inverted-L antenna, inverted-F antenna, planar inverted-F antenna, and multiband antenna composed of different types of radiators for providing multifunctional operations for LTE-USB antennas. Based on isolation techniques, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques implemented has been classified and analysed. The finding is that the existing work focused on the wire or 3D antennas and still there are voids for researchers to improve the low cost, and simple profile printed antenna designs. LTE MIMO throughput measurement for characterization of antenna terminal performance study is absent from all reviewed papers contained in this study.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"43-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88406645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324901
Junfeng Xu, Zhi Ning Chen, X. Qing, W. Hong
This work investigates the effect of dielectric loading on a 140 GHz LTCC SIW slot antenna array. Four types of dielectric loading are designed and discussed. The performance of the antennas with the dielectric loadings is compared in terms of directivity and return loss. An antenna with a simplified dielectric loading configuration with less vias exhibits comparable performance but easier LTCC antenna fabrication and lower cost.
{"title":"Dielectric loading effect on 140-GHz LTCC SIW slot array antenna","authors":"Junfeng Xu, Zhi Ning Chen, X. Qing, W. Hong","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324901","url":null,"abstract":"This work investigates the effect of dielectric loading on a 140 GHz LTCC SIW slot antenna array. Four types of dielectric loading are designed and discussed. The performance of the antennas with the dielectric loadings is compared in terms of directivity and return loss. An antenna with a simplified dielectric loading configuration with less vias exhibits comparable performance but easier LTCC antenna fabrication and lower cost.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"6 5","pages":"103-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72597049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324989
C. T. Mulangu, T. Afullo, N. Ijumba
The multipath model uses in powerline communication channel (PLC) is based on a parametric model where many parameters can be estimated only after measurement of the PLC impulse response, thus limiting the capability of a priori channel modelling. Zimmermann model proposed after measurements, attenuation parameters in the frequency range of 500 kHz to 20 MHz. Mie scattering approach is applied on scattering points of the channel and the attenuation is derived. Also, the power law is applied to derive analytical attenuation parameters in a wide frequency range starting from 10 MHz to 3 GHz.
{"title":"Attenuation model for indoor multipath broadband PLC channels","authors":"C. T. Mulangu, T. Afullo, N. Ijumba","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324989","url":null,"abstract":"The multipath model uses in powerline communication channel (PLC) is based on a parametric model where many parameters can be estimated only after measurement of the PLC impulse response, thus limiting the capability of a priori channel modelling. Zimmermann model proposed after measurements, attenuation parameters in the frequency range of 500 kHz to 20 MHz. Mie scattering approach is applied on scattering points of the channel and the attenuation is derived. Also, the power law is applied to derive analytical attenuation parameters in a wide frequency range starting from 10 MHz to 3 GHz.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"190 1","pages":"1084-1087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74740009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324942
M. Taguchi, S. Sato
Three types of wideband antenna are proposed for the base station antenna of mobile phone and numerically analyzed. This antenna is composed with the unbalanced fed, ultra low profile inverted L antenna on the rectangular conducting plane and the parasitic wire above the inverted L antenna. The design frequency of each antenna are 800 MHz band (810 MHz to 950 MHz), 1.5 GHz band (1,427.9 MHz to 1,525 MHz) and 2.0 GHz band (1.92 GHz to 2.17 GHz), respectively. The size and the directivity of proposed antenna for 800 MHz band are 60 mm by 200 mm by 45 mm, and 5.5 dBi to 7 dBi. Those of proposed antenna for 1.5 GHz band are 50 mm by 140 mm by 27 mm, and 7 dBi. Those of proposed antenna for 2.0 GHz band are 40 mm by 110 mm by 17 mm, and 6 dBi to 7 dBi.
{"title":"Wideband base station antenna composed of ultra low profile inverted L antenna for mobile phone","authors":"M. Taguchi, S. Sato","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324942","url":null,"abstract":"Three types of wideband antenna are proposed for the base station antenna of mobile phone and numerically analyzed. This antenna is composed with the unbalanced fed, ultra low profile inverted L antenna on the rectangular conducting plane and the parasitic wire above the inverted L antenna. The design frequency of each antenna are 800 MHz band (810 MHz to 950 MHz), 1.5 GHz band (1,427.9 MHz to 1,525 MHz) and 2.0 GHz band (1.92 GHz to 2.17 GHz), respectively. The size and the directivity of proposed antenna for 800 MHz band are 60 mm by 200 mm by 45 mm, and 5.5 dBi to 7 dBi. Those of proposed antenna for 1.5 GHz band are 50 mm by 140 mm by 27 mm, and 7 dBi. Those of proposed antenna for 2.0 GHz band are 40 mm by 110 mm by 17 mm, and 6 dBi to 7 dBi.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"67 5 1","pages":"902-905"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75002311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324906
M. Antoniades, G. Eleftheriades
Several compact, fully-printed negative-refractive-index transmission-line (NRI-TL) metamaterial-loaded dipole antennas are proposed. The antennas achieve multi-band behaviour by loading a host dipole antenna with series capacitive gaps and shunt inductive strips. In an approach proposed by Schelkunoff, the two arms of the dipole antenna are modeled as the two conductors of a biconical transmission line, and thus the rich dispersion properties of the NRI-TL structure are exploited, while still creating an effective radiator. Both dual-band and tri-band versions of the antennas are shown, with individual bandwidths ranging from 40 MHz to 1.4 GHz. It is also demonstrated that the antennas can achieve a size miniaturization factor of approximately two, and that they exhibit uniform dipolar radiation patterns. Throughout their bands of operation the gain and radiation efficiency vary from approximately -3 dBi to 2.3 dBi and 42% to 98%, respectively.
{"title":"Negative-refractive-index transmission-line metamaterial-loaded dipole antennas","authors":"M. Antoniades, G. Eleftheriades","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324906","url":null,"abstract":"Several compact, fully-printed negative-refractive-index transmission-line (NRI-TL) metamaterial-loaded dipole antennas are proposed. The antennas achieve multi-band behaviour by loading a host dipole antenna with series capacitive gaps and shunt inductive strips. In an approach proposed by Schelkunoff, the two arms of the dipole antenna are modeled as the two conductors of a biconical transmission line, and thus the rich dispersion properties of the NRI-TL structure are exploited, while still creating an effective radiator. Both dual-band and tri-band versions of the antennas are shown, with individual bandwidths ranging from 40 MHz to 1.4 GHz. It is also demonstrated that the antennas can achieve a size miniaturization factor of approximately two, and that they exhibit uniform dipolar radiation patterns. Throughout their bands of operation the gain and radiation efficiency vary from approximately -3 dBi to 2.3 dBi and 42% to 98%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"30 1","pages":"174-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75766615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324944
G. Manara, P. Nepa
The Geometrical Theory of Diffraction (GTD) and its uniform version (UTD, Uniform Geometrical Theory of Diffraction) have been extensively applied to wedge scattering problems, where the surfaces of the scatterer are modeled with perfectly conducting boundary conditions. GTD/UTD diffraction coefficients for wedges characterized by isotropic impedance boundary conditions have also been derived. This paper provide a review of the solutions available in the open literature for the scattering from anisotropic impedance wedges.
几何衍射理论(GTD)及其均匀版本(UTD, uniform geometric Theory of Diffraction)已被广泛应用于楔形散射问题，其中散射体表面是用完美传导的边界条件来建模的。导出了各向同性阻抗边界条件下楔形的GTD/UTD衍射系数。本文综述了各向异性阻抗楔散射问题的现有解决方法。
{"title":"High-frequency diffraction by anisotropic impedance wedges: A review","authors":"G. Manara, P. Nepa","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324944","url":null,"abstract":"The Geometrical Theory of Diffraction (GTD) and its uniform version (UTD, Uniform Geometrical Theory of Diffraction) have been extensively applied to wedge scattering problems, where the surfaces of the scatterer are modeled with perfectly conducting boundary conditions. GTD/UTD diffraction coefficients for wedges characterized by isotropic impedance boundary conditions have also been derived. This paper provide a review of the solutions available in the open literature for the scattering from anisotropic impedance wedges.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"9 1","pages":"920-923"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85479087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324975
L. Botha
The cost of antennas for instrumentation radars are determined by the development cost. By re-use of the reflector system cost effective antennas can be designed. The factors governing the design of such antennas are described here.
{"title":"Design of cost effective antennas for instrumentation radars","authors":"L. Botha","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324975","url":null,"abstract":"The cost of antennas for instrumentation radars are determined by the development cost. By re-use of the reflector system cost effective antennas can be designed. The factors governing the design of such antennas are described here.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"983-984"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91342943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324949
T. Fukusako, S. Yamaura
An L-shaped monopole antenna on a ground plane is unable to generate circular polarization, however, combining with surrounding aperture, such as waveguides, the L-shaped probe can generate circular polarization. In addition to that, such structures has broadband characteristics in both axial ratio and input impedance. This paper reviews a present study of authors' group on a circularly polarized broadband antennas consisting of aperture structure and L-shaped probe (L-probe). Though the discussion, reducing technique for higher-order modes (HOM) is also discussed to expand the -10-dB S11 and the 3-dB axial ratio(AR) characteristics.
{"title":"Design and bandwidth enhancement of circularly polarized aperture antennas using L-shaped probe","authors":"T. Fukusako, S. Yamaura","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324949","url":null,"abstract":"An L-shaped monopole antenna on a ground plane is unable to generate circular polarization, however, combining with surrounding aperture, such as waveguides, the L-shaped probe can generate circular polarization. In addition to that, such structures has broadband characteristics in both axial ratio and input impedance. This paper reviews a present study of authors' group on a circularly polarized broadband antennas consisting of aperture structure and L-shaped probe (L-probe). Though the discussion, reducing technique for higher-order modes (HOM) is also discussed to expand the -10-dB S11 and the 3-dB axial ratio(AR) characteristics.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"6 1","pages":"371-374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77782951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324985
J. Pieterse, R. Wolhuter
Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) is a proposed mobility standard for Next Generation Wireless Access Networks that allows mobile nodes to stay reachable while moving around in a IPv6 internet environment. The need for MIPv6 exists because a mobile cannot maintain the previously link when changing location and IP address. This paper describes MIPv6 as simulated, using the Omnett++ Network Simulator Framework and implemented on a Linux IPv6 test bed. This was done to test handover latency, overhead added by the MIPv6 extensions and packet latency. These results are also used to compare the difference between the simulation results and the actual Linux test bed performance. The developed test setup was also used to implement Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6 (FMIPv6), to enhance the MIPv6 protocol, decreasing handover latency and enabling real-time IPv6 applications such as video streaming.
{"title":"Investigation of handover techniques in a IPv6 mobile network","authors":"J. Pieterse, R. Wolhuter","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324985","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) is a proposed mobility standard for Next Generation Wireless Access Networks that allows mobile nodes to stay reachable while moving around in a IPv6 internet environment. The need for MIPv6 exists because a mobile cannot maintain the previously link when changing location and IP address. This paper describes MIPv6 as simulated, using the Omnett++ Network Simulator Framework and implemented on a Linux IPv6 test bed. This was done to test handover latency, overhead added by the MIPv6 extensions and packet latency. These results are also used to compare the difference between the simulation results and the actual Linux test bed performance. The developed test setup was also used to implement Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6 (FMIPv6), to enhance the MIPv6 protocol, decreasing handover latency and enabling real-time IPv6 applications such as video streaming.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"26 1","pages":"1020-1023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79103660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324926
M. Tanabe, M. Matsumoto, Y. Masuda
A two-arm Archimedean spiral antenna with bent ends is analyzed. The arms are bent at the end and connected to the neighboring arm. The outer circumference of the spiral antenna is chosen to be one-wavelength at the lower operating frequency. The analysis is performed using the method of moment. First, we analyze current distribution on the spiral antenna. It is shown that the current smoothly flows from the arm end to the neighboring arm through the bent end. Therefore, the reflected current on the end of the spiral arms reduces at lower operating frequencies. Subsequently, radiation characteristics are analyzed. Good axial ratio is obtained at lower frequency bands. The antenna gain also improves at lower frequency bands. It is concluded that simply bending and connecting the ends of the arms greatly contributes to the size reduction of the spiral antenna.
{"title":"A two-arm Archimedean spiral antenna with bent ends","authors":"M. Tanabe, M. Matsumoto, Y. Masuda","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324926","url":null,"abstract":"A two-arm Archimedean spiral antenna with bent ends is analyzed. The arms are bent at the end and connected to the neighboring arm. The outer circumference of the spiral antenna is chosen to be one-wavelength at the lower operating frequency. The analysis is performed using the method of moment. First, we analyze current distribution on the spiral antenna. It is shown that the current smoothly flows from the arm end to the neighboring arm through the bent end. Therefore, the reflected current on the end of the spiral arms reduces at lower operating frequencies. Subsequently, radiation characteristics are analyzed. Good axial ratio is obtained at lower frequency bands. The antenna gain also improves at lower frequency bands. It is concluded that simply bending and connecting the ends of the arms greatly contributes to the size reduction of the spiral antenna.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":"463 1","pages":"535-538"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82993965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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