Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324940
C. Bluemm, C. Heller, R. Weigel
Each Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system comprises a number of spectrally distributed subcarriers which are either allocated with data or left unused. This choice can be made specifically for each subcarrier and completely independently of each other. Thus, extensive spectrum shaping is possible, which makes OFDM ideal for Cognitive Radio (CR) and related technologies. However, in classical OFDM systems, the subcarrier flexibility is applicable anywhere but not to the synchronization preamble. This paper proposes a novel time and frequency synchronization technique on basis of the Hiperlan/2 preamble which was made spectrally fully flexible. Its robustness and accuracy was proven with simulations and measurements on an FPGA-based Software Defined Radio (SDR) implementation. The synchronization can compete with popular unflexible algorithms under AWGN and Rayleigh channels, while the impact of any subcarrier reallocation is negligible.
{"title":"Robust time and frequency synchronization for OFDM systems with maximum spectrum flexibility","authors":"C. Bluemm, C. Heller, R. Weigel","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324940","url":null,"abstract":"Each Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system comprises a number of spectrally distributed subcarriers which are either allocated with data or left unused. This choice can be made specifically for each subcarrier and completely independently of each other. Thus, extensive spectrum shaping is possible, which makes OFDM ideal for Cognitive Radio (CR) and related technologies. However, in classical OFDM systems, the subcarrier flexibility is applicable anywhere but not to the synchronization preamble. This paper proposes a novel time and frequency synchronization technique on basis of the Hiperlan/2 preamble which was made spectrally fully flexible. Its robustness and accuracy was proven with simulations and measurements on an FPGA-based Software Defined Radio (SDR) implementation. The synchronization can compete with popular unflexible algorithms under AWGN and Rayleigh channels, while the impact of any subcarrier reallocation is negligible.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74597836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324962
Z. Wang, B. Cai
The application of computer vision technology to traffic detecting and information collecting is an important subject in Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). Generally, for the convenience of vision-based vehicle detection and tracking, many algorithms set the region of interesting (ROI) for the image processing manually, that is virtual loops technology. Many factors impact on the ROIs setting, such as the position or the view angle and the focus of the camera, the distance between the camera and the road, etc. Setting the ROIs is by no means a trivial thing, and moreover, these factors may be changed for some reasons. Many potential problems exist in the methods. In this paper, all the vehicles are assumed to be located on the planar region. According to this geometric constraint, a planar region detection method is employed to recognize the road region and the road side. Combined with optical flow-based motion segmentation, the proposed method can differentiate the vehicle motion on the road from other events on the roadside without setting the ROIs. Some experiments are conducted to validate the proposed the method.
{"title":"A ROI setting method for vehicle detection in urban environment","authors":"Z. Wang, B. Cai","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324962","url":null,"abstract":"The application of computer vision technology to traffic detecting and information collecting is an important subject in Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). Generally, for the convenience of vision-based vehicle detection and tracking, many algorithms set the region of interesting (ROI) for the image processing manually, that is virtual loops technology. Many factors impact on the ROIs setting, such as the position or the view angle and the focus of the camera, the distance between the camera and the road, etc. Setting the ROIs is by no means a trivial thing, and moreover, these factors may be changed for some reasons. Many potential problems exist in the methods. In this paper, all the vehicles are assumed to be located on the planar region. According to this geometric constraint, a planar region detection method is employed to recognize the road region and the road side. Combined with optical flow-based motion segmentation, the proposed method can differentiate the vehicle motion on the road from other events on the roadside without setting the ROIs. Some experiments are conducted to validate the proposed the method.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73892726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324900
H. Nakano, J. Miyake, M. Oyama, Y. Oishi, T. Sakurada, J. Yamauchi
A design process to realize a low-profile spiral antenna with an antenna height of approximately 1/100 wavelength is presented, where a negative phase constant for the current on the spiral arms is used. For circularly polarized radiation, frequency fN, called the N frequency, is located between the lower bound frequency fL for a fast wave and a transition frequency fTR. The antenna characteristics, including the radiation pattern, gain, and input performance (VSWR) are presented and discussed.
{"title":"Circularly polarized spiral antenna using a double negative property","authors":"H. Nakano, J. Miyake, M. Oyama, Y. Oishi, T. Sakurada, J. Yamauchi","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324900","url":null,"abstract":"A design process to realize a low-profile spiral antenna with an antenna height of approximately 1/100 wavelength is presented, where a negative phase constant for the current on the spiral arms is used. For circularly polarized radiation, frequency fN, called the N frequency, is located between the lower bound frequency fL for a fast wave and a transition frequency fTR. The antenna characteristics, including the radiation pattern, gain, and input performance (VSWR) are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80567365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324915
A. Andrenko
This paper presents the modeling and design of 2-element compact ceramic chip antenna for UMTS/GPS dual-band mobile handset applications. First, the design of ceramic chip monopole integrated with a simple matching circuit will be explained. The radiation characteristics including high gain and total efficiency of the proposed compact antenna element will be presented. Next, 2-element antenna system for dual-band handset design where one antenna element is used for UMTS operation while the another one works as an assisted GPS (A-GPS) antenna will be introduced. Parametric study illustrating the effect of antenna elements separation on the mutual coupling between antenna ports will be analyzed. It has been shown that low mutual coupling is the result of strong current being induced on the 3D monopole placed inside high density dielectric ceramic pad. Mobile handset applications of the proposed compact 2-element antenna system will be discussed in the details at the Conference.
{"title":"Modeling and design of 2-element dual-band ceramic chip handset antennas","authors":"A. Andrenko","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324915","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the modeling and design of 2-element compact ceramic chip antenna for UMTS/GPS dual-band mobile handset applications. First, the design of ceramic chip monopole integrated with a simple matching circuit will be explained. The radiation characteristics including high gain and total efficiency of the proposed compact antenna element will be presented. Next, 2-element antenna system for dual-band handset design where one antenna element is used for UMTS operation while the another one works as an assisted GPS (A-GPS) antenna will be introduced. Parametric study illustrating the effect of antenna elements separation on the mutual coupling between antenna ports will be analyzed. It has been shown that low mutual coupling is the result of strong current being induced on the 3D monopole placed inside high density dielectric ceramic pad. Mobile handset applications of the proposed compact 2-element antenna system will be discussed in the details at the Conference.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83993574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324990
S. Sczyslo, I. Rolfes, T. Kaiser
Within this contribution two ultrawideband antennas, an almost omnidirectional bi-conical antenna of type SBA 9113 from Schwarzbeck and a directional Vivaldi antenna, are analyzed according to their time-domain characteristics. In this context the fidelity factor and the peak value play an important role. Hence both, the parameter's definition is recaped and the particular practical meaning is explained. Moreover, a new parameter, the two antenna fidelity is introduced which indicates an antenna's performance in context of a typical point to point link involving two antennas. To increase the accuracy the analysis is based upon a resimulation of both antennas.
{"title":"On the fidelity of ultra-wideband antennas","authors":"S. Sczyslo, I. Rolfes, T. Kaiser","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324990","url":null,"abstract":"Within this contribution two ultrawideband antennas, an almost omnidirectional bi-conical antenna of type SBA 9113 from Schwarzbeck and a directional Vivaldi antenna, are analyzed according to their time-domain characteristics. In this context the fidelity factor and the peak value play an important role. Hence both, the parameter's definition is recaped and the particular practical meaning is explained. Moreover, a new parameter, the two antenna fidelity is introduced which indicates an antenna's performance in context of a typical point to point link involving two antennas. To increase the accuracy the analysis is based upon a resimulation of both antennas.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84335065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324953
P. A. van Jaarsveld, G. Mayhew-Ridgers
As it is well known, MIMO channel capacity is dependent on favorable channel conditions. The antenna component is an integral part in the propagation channel, and certain antenna radiation parameters would influence the channel conditions. The impact of various antenna configurations on an indoor MIMO Radio Channel is investigated by measurement and simulation. Various antenna locations with single and dual polarized configurations in an indoor scattering environment are evaluated. A single dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna is found to provide similar or better performance results related to two spatial de-correlated singular-polarized antennas.
{"title":"Analysis of antenna location and polarization on Indoor cellular MIMO performance","authors":"P. A. van Jaarsveld, G. Mayhew-Ridgers","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324953","url":null,"abstract":"As it is well known, MIMO channel capacity is dependent on favorable channel conditions. The antenna component is an integral part in the propagation channel, and certain antenna radiation parameters would influence the channel conditions. The impact of various antenna configurations on an indoor MIMO Radio Channel is investigated by measurement and simulation. Various antenna locations with single and dual polarized configurations in an indoor scattering environment are evaluated. A single dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna is found to provide similar or better performance results related to two spatial de-correlated singular-polarized antennas.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85774915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324980
B. Jacobs, D. Baker
The validation of electromagnetic simulations of the installed performance of 30 to 500 MHz blade antennas on a Boeing 707 aircraft is discussed in this paper. The reference antenna pattern data for the validation is obtained from measurements made on a 1:25 scale model of a Boeing 707 aircraft. The blade antennas are modeled by means of broadband and resonant monopoles. The yaw, roll and pitch patterns as measured on a 500 m long ground reflection antenna range are described. A numerical model of the Boeing 707 was developed in the electromagnetic software package FEKO. It was found that taking into account slight differences in modeling and tolerances in the measurement setup, the measured results compared very well to the simulated results thereby validating the simulations.
{"title":"Validation of a computational electromagnetic model of a boeing 707 aircraft by comparison to scale model measurements","authors":"B. Jacobs, D. Baker","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324980","url":null,"abstract":"The validation of electromagnetic simulations of the installed performance of 30 to 500 MHz blade antennas on a Boeing 707 aircraft is discussed in this paper. The reference antenna pattern data for the validation is obtained from measurements made on a 1:25 scale model of a Boeing 707 aircraft. The blade antennas are modeled by means of broadband and resonant monopoles. The yaw, roll and pitch patterns as measured on a 500 m long ground reflection antenna range are described. A numerical model of the Boeing 707 was developed in the electromagnetic software package FEKO. It was found that taking into account slight differences in modeling and tolerances in the measurement setup, the measured results compared very well to the simulated results thereby validating the simulations.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76933879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324902
Jin Huang, Yang Lu, Bo Zhang
The technique of carrier phase-shift control is employed by CRH four-quardrant inverter to eliminate ultraharmonics on the side of traction grid. In this paper, this technique is assessed theoretically over four-quardrant pulse rectifier. According to the example of Japanese 300# EMU phase shift and the assessment of the test data from an EMU type in China, carrier phase shift proved effective and practical in suppressing EMU from injecting harmonic in the grid side.
{"title":"Harmonic current elimination for single-phase rectifiers based carrier phase-shift","authors":"Jin Huang, Yang Lu, Bo Zhang","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324902","url":null,"abstract":"The technique of carrier phase-shift control is employed by CRH four-quardrant inverter to eliminate ultraharmonics on the side of traction grid. In this paper, this technique is assessed theoretically over four-quardrant pulse rectifier. According to the example of Japanese 300# EMU phase shift and the assessment of the test data from an EMU type in China, carrier phase shift proved effective and practical in suppressing EMU from injecting harmonic in the grid side.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82738298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324929
F. Scotto di Clemente, R. Stephan, U. Schwarz, M. Hein
Ultra-wideband imaging has widely proven its potential for biomedical diagnostics. Especially for imaging applications, the miniaturisation of the antennas plays a key role due to the necessity to arrange a high number of sensors around the target under investigation. We have investigated and exploited the potential of dielectrically scaled antennas, designing and manufacturing compact ceramic double-ridged horn antennas. The manufacturing procedure as well as recently measured results are presented.
{"title":"Miniature body-matched double-ridged horn antennas for biomedical UWB imaging","authors":"F. Scotto di Clemente, R. Stephan, U. Schwarz, M. Hein","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324929","url":null,"abstract":"Ultra-wideband imaging has widely proven its potential for biomedical diagnostics. Especially for imaging applications, the miniaturisation of the antennas plays a key role due to the necessity to arrange a high number of sensors around the target under investigation. We have investigated and exploited the potential of dielectrically scaled antennas, designing and manufacturing compact ceramic double-ridged horn antennas. The manufacturing procedure as well as recently measured results are presented.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78828479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-08DOI: 10.1109/APWC.2012.6324978
U. Trautwein, D. Baker, Martin Kaeske, R. Thomae
The paper discusses some advanced topics of direction finding (DF) of communication signals and respective antenna arrays in the frequency range from 20 to 3000 MHz. There are a number of issues contributing to potentially severe performance degradation of an installed system in its typical operational environment compared to the same system operated under the well-defined test conditions on an antenna test site. It is shown that especially polarization aspects deserve more attention than traditionally paid.
{"title":"Practical aspects of the direction finding accuracy of compact wideband arrays for V/UHF frequencies","authors":"U. Trautwein, D. Baker, Martin Kaeske, R. Thomae","doi":"10.1109/APWC.2012.6324978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APWC.2012.6324978","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses some advanced topics of direction finding (DF) of communication signals and respective antenna arrays in the frequency range from 20 to 3000 MHz. There are a number of issues contributing to potentially severe performance degradation of an installed system in its typical operational environment compared to the same system operated under the well-defined test conditions on an antenna test site. It is shown that especially polarization aspects deserve more attention than traditionally paid.","PeriodicalId":6393,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88369529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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