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Multi-functional epoxides cross-linked collagen sponges for tissue engineering scaffolds 组织工程支架用多功能环氧化合物交联胶原蛋白海绵
Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1186/s42825-023-00137-3
Yuanzhi Zhang, Changkai Yang, Min Gu, Xiaoxia Zhang, Xueqing Zhang, Guoying Li

With the efficient cross-linking abilities and the flexible regulation abilities to the performances of cross-linked products, the multi-functional aliphatic epoxides were once widely used to cross-link the collagen-based materials in the last century. In present work, the multi-functional epoxides were used to construct and cross-link collagen sponges for tissue engineering scaffolds, which was hoped to board the theoretical system of epoxides and explore their potentials for modern applications. The bi- to tetra-functional epoxides were used to cross-link collagen solutions and establish the gel-like precursors, then using freeze-drying to form the final sponges. The SEM observed that the sponges had shown regular porous structures with a wide range of pore sizes from 160 to 440 μm. The sponges had presented the resistance to enzymatic degradation, shape-remaining ability, and reversible compressibility in aqueous environments, which all could be regulated through the functionalities of epoxides. The regulation abilities of multi-functional epoxides on the performances of sponges had been mainly achieved through the cross-linking degrees that the higher functionality of epoxides would bring higher cross-linking degree. Such higher cross-linking degrees could enhance the elastic behaviors of gel-like precursors, and improve the compressive strengths and thermal stabilities of sponges. Nevertheless, the multi-functional epoxides had barely affected the safety of collagen sponges at the cellular level according to the results of CCK8 assay and the SEM and CLSM images of L929 fibroblasts cultured on the cross-sections of sponges.

Graphical abstract

多功能脂肪族环氧化合物由于其高效的交联能力和对交联产物性能的灵活调节能力,在上个世纪曾被广泛应用于胶原基材料的交联。本研究利用多功能环氧化物构建并交联胶原海绵用于组织工程支架,希望能进一步完善环氧化物的理论体系,探索其现代应用潜力。用双功能到四功能环氧化物交联胶原蛋白溶液并建立凝胶状前体,然后用冷冻干燥形成最终的海绵。扫描电镜观察到海绵具有规则的孔隙结构,孔径范围为160 ~ 440 μm。海绵具有抗酶降解能力、保持形状的能力和在水环境中的可逆压缩性,这些都可以通过环氧化物的功能来调节。多功能环氧化物对海绵性能的调节能力主要是通过交联度来实现的,环氧化物的功能化程度越高,交联度越高。较高的交联度可以增强凝胶状前驱体的弹性行为,提高海绵的抗压强度和热稳定性。然而,根据CCK8测定结果和海绵横截面培养的L929成纤维细胞的SEM和CLSM图像,多功能环氧化物在细胞水平上几乎没有影响胶原海绵的安全性。图形抽象
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引用次数: 0
Composite nanofiltration membrane with tannic acid coordinated collagen fibers for enhanced molecule separation 单宁酸配合胶原纤维复合纳滤膜增强分子分离
Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.1186/s42825-023-00133-7
Yinshan Xie, Zihao Ge, Xin Li, Yi Wang, Fei Liu, Jian Li

Biomass-based membranes have attracted increasing attentions due to their cheap and sustainable advantages. In this work, a novel thin-film composite (TFC) nanofiltration (NF) membrane was fabricated through a facial interfacial polymerization (IP) process by initiate the crosslinking reaction between collagen fibers (CFs) and tannic acid (TA). The increased TA concentrations endowed the TFC membrane with a higher crosslinking degree, a thicker active layer and a rougher top surface. At optimized condition with 0.60 mg TA decoration, the TFC-3 membrane exhibited a high water permeability of 23.49 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 with high rejections above 98.0% for congo red, reactive blue 19, coomassie blue G-250, and methyl blue. Furthermore, the membrane preserved remarkable salt retentions (93.3% for Na2SO4, 83.4% for MgSO4, 36.2% for MgCl2, and 26.4% for NaCl) and satisfying operation stability. This facial fabrication method offered a new insight to employ biomass for molecular precise separation.

Graphical abstract

生物基膜因其廉价和可持续的优点而受到越来越多的关注。本研究通过引发胶原纤维(CFs)与单宁酸(TA)之间的交联反应,采用界面聚合(IP)工艺制备了一种新型薄膜复合纳滤(TFC)膜。随着TA浓度的增加,TFC膜的交联度提高,活性层变厚,膜顶表面变粗糙。在0.60 mg TA的优化条件下,TFC-3膜的透水性达到23.49 L m−2 h−1 bar−1,对刚果红、活性蓝19、考马斯蓝G-250和甲基蓝的拒绝率高达98.0%以上。此外,该膜保持了良好的盐保留率(Na2SO4为93.3%,MgSO4为83.4%,MgCl2为36.2%,NaCl为26.4%),并具有良好的操作稳定性。这种表面制备方法为利用生物质进行分子精确分离提供了新的思路。图形抽象
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引用次数: 0
Effects of bactericide–protease interactions on the protease-assisted soaking performance 杀菌剂-蛋白酶相互作用对蛋白酶辅助浸泡性能的影响
Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1186/s42825-023-00135-5
Hao Liu, Yahang Pan, Bi Shi, Yunhang Zeng

Protease-assisted soaking has received increasing attention in recent years. However, few reports have elaborated on the effect of bactericides, which are used to protect raw hides from microbial damage in the soaking process, on the performance of protease-assisted soaking. Here we investigate the effects of three bactericides, namely, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MIT), sodium propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (SPHB) and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), on the catalytic activity of protease. MIT and SPHB have little effect on the proteolytic activity, whilst CTAB has a negative effect. Fluorescence spectroscopy, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were used to analyse the bactericide–protease interaction. The data reveal that MIT and SPHB are bound to the non-catalytic sites of protease, whilst CTAB affects the catalytic triad of protease. Furthermore, the protease and bactericides were used alone, simultaneously and sequentially in the soaking process, and their soaking performances were evaluated. The evaluation shows that the use of protease increases the microorganisms in the soaking float, and MIT exhibits the best bactericidal effect. The simultaneous use of protease and MIT effectively inhibits bacteria and scarcely affects the removal of unstructured proteins from hides and the attack on epidermis by protease. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the scientific use of protease with other auxiliaries in soaking.

Graphical Abstract

蛋白酶辅助浸泡法近年来受到越来越多的关注。然而,很少有报道详细阐述杀菌剂对蛋白酶辅助浸泡性能的影响,杀菌剂用于保护生皮在浸泡过程中免受微生物损害。本文研究了2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮(MIT)、4-羟基苯甲酸丙酯钠(SPHB)和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)三种杀菌剂对蛋白酶催化活性的影响。MIT和SPHB对蛋白水解活性影响不大,而CTAB则有负作用。采用荧光光谱、同步荧光光谱、分子对接和分子动力学模拟等方法分析了杀菌剂与蛋白酶的相互作用。数据显示MIT和SPHB结合在蛋白酶的非催化位点上,而CTAB影响蛋白酶的催化三联体。同时,对蛋白酶和杀菌剂分别单独、同时和顺序使用浸泡过程进行浸泡性能评价。评价结果表明,蛋白酶的使用使浸泡浮子中的微生物数量增加,其中MIT的杀菌效果最好。同时使用蛋白酶和MIT有效抑制细菌,几乎不影响非结构蛋白从皮革中去除和蛋白酶对表皮的攻击。这些发现有助于更好地理解蛋白酶与其他助剂在浸泡中的科学使用。图形抽象
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引用次数: 0
Developments for collagen hydrolysates as a multifunctional antioxidant in biomedical domains 胶原蛋白水解物作为多功能抗氧化剂在生物医学领域的研究进展
Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1186/s42825-023-00131-9
Guiya Deng, Ke Huang, Xianchao Jiang, Kun Wang, Zihao Song, Yuchen Su, Chengming Li, Shuai Zhang, Shiqi Wang, Yaqin Huang

Antioxidant collagen hydrolysates refers to the peptides mixture with antioxidant properties identified from hydrolyzed collagen. Due to its specific structural, biological and physicochemical properties, collagen hydrolysates have been explored as a multifunctional antioxidant in the biomedical field. In this review, we summarize recent advances in antioxidant collagen hydrolysates development. Initially, the preparation process of antioxidant collagen hydrolysates is introduced, including the production and separation methods. Then the effects and the mechanisms of amino acid composition and collagen peptide structure on the antioxidant activity of collagen hydrolysates are reviewed. Finally, the applications of antioxidant collagen hydrolysates in biomedical domains are summarized, with critical discussions about the advantages, current limitations and challenges to be resolved in the future.

Graphical abstract

抗氧化胶原蛋白水解物是指从水解胶原蛋白中鉴定出的具有抗氧化特性的多肽混合物。胶原蛋白水解物由于其特殊的结构、生物学和理化性质,在生物医学领域已被开发为一种多功能抗氧化剂。本文综述了近年来抗氧化胶原蛋白水解物的研究进展。首先介绍了抗氧化胶原水解物的制备工艺,包括生产和分离方法。综述了氨基酸组成和胶原肽结构对胶原水解产物抗氧化活性的影响及其机理。最后,总结了抗氧化胶原蛋白水解物在生物医学领域的应用,并对其优势、局限性和未来需要解决的挑战进行了重点讨论。图形抽象
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引用次数: 0
High performance strain sensor based on leather activated by micro-cracking conductive layer 基于微裂导电层激活皮革的高性能应变传感器
Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1186/s42825-023-00134-6
Jianzhong Ma, Zhijie Cheng, Sha Tan, Tian Zheng, Yan Zong

Flexible strain sensors are capable to detect external force induced strain change owing to their unique ability to convert deformation into electrical signals. Generally, micro/nano patterning of conductive layer in strain sensor is an effective method to improve its sensitivity, however the sophisticated manipulation process is limited only in laboratory scale. In this report, a simple and scalable fabrication strategy was used to create micro-cracking conductive layer as an alternative patterning method to achieve high performance of strain sensor. In details, the sensor was fabricated using leather as the substrate to filtrated acidified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (a-MWCNTs)/layered double hydroxides (LDHs) suspension. During stretching process, micro-cracking structure emerged on the percolated a-MWCNTs/LDHs layer, causing a rise up of resistance according to increasing strain and generated a detectable electrical signal. The prepared sensor had a large detecting range (60%), high sensitivity (GF of 7238.92 at strain 30–60%), fast response (tensile response time of 270 ms), good stability and repeatability. The sensor also inherited the advantages of leather, such as biodegradability and good air permeability, and the introduction of a-MWCNTs/LDHs further enhanced its fire retardancy properties. These features ensured the sensor as an eco-friendly, comfortable and safe electronic device for human motion detection.

Graphical abstract

柔性应变传感器能够检测外力引起的应变变化,因为它们具有将变形转换为电信号的独特能力。通常,在应变传感器中导电层进行微纳图像化是提高其灵敏度的有效方法,但复杂的操作工艺仅限于实验室规模。本文采用一种简单、可扩展的制造策略来制作微裂纹导电层,作为一种替代的图图化方法,以实现高性能应变传感器。具体来说,该传感器是用皮革作为基材,过滤酸化多壁碳纳米管(a-MWCNTs)/层状双氢氧化物(LDHs)悬浮液。在拉伸过程中,渗滤的a- mwcnts /LDHs层上出现微裂纹结构,导致电阻随应变的增加而升高,并产生可检测的电信号。该传感器具有检测范围大(60%)、灵敏度高(在应变30-60%时GF为7238.92)、响应速度快(拉伸响应时间为270 ms)、稳定性和重复性好等特点。该传感器还继承了皮革可生物降解、透气性好等优点,a-MWCNTs/LDHs的引入进一步增强了其阻燃性能。这些特点确保了传感器作为一种环保、舒适和安全的人体运动检测电子设备。图形抽象
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引用次数: 1
Research recap of membrane technology for tannery wastewater treatment: a review 膜技术在制革废水处理中的研究进展
Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.1186/s42825-023-00132-8
Fu Yang, Xing-Bao Wang, Yuanyuan Shan, Chongde Wu, Rongqing Zhou, Nicolas Hengl, Frederic Pignon, Yao Jin

As a highly complex aqueous effluent, tannery wastewater from leather industry should be treated appropriately before discharging into the environment. Membrane technology has been shown to be a promising approach for tannery wastewater treatment as it may achieve “Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD)”. This work, as the state-of-the-art, attempts to review the world-wide research trends of membrane technologies, the technical recapitulation and recent advances of such technology for tannery wastewater treatment. Generally, manufacture membrane, membrane-based integrated process, MBR, NF, UF and RO are the hotspots in this field. Details of different membrane technologies configured for tannery wastewater treatment, such as membrane materials, scale, membrane modules, operating conditions and removal efficiency of pollutants, are also summarized. It should be noted that membrane fouling is still a major challenge in the membrane technology during tannery wastewater treatment. Therefore, process coupling, either within diverse membrane technologies or between membrane and non-membrane technologies, is considered as a promising alternative to treat the leather tannery wastewater in the future.

Graphical abstract

制革废水是一种高度复杂的含水废水,在排放到环境中之前必须进行适当的处理。膜技术是一种很有前途的制革废水处理方法,因为它可以实现“零液体排放(ZLD)”。这项工作,作为最先进的,试图回顾世界范围内膜技术的研究趋势,技术概述和制革废水处理技术的最新进展。一般来说,制造膜、膜基集成工艺、MBR、NF、UF和RO是该领域的热点。对制革废水处理中不同膜技术配置的详细情况,如膜材料、膜垢、膜模块、操作条件和污染物去除效率进行了总结。需要指出的是,膜污染仍然是膜技术在制革废水处理中的一个主要挑战。因此,不同膜技术之间或膜与非膜技术之间的工艺耦合被认为是未来处理制革废水的一种有前途的选择。图形抽象
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引用次数: 0
3D bioprinting of collagen-based materials for oral medicine 口腔医学用胶原基材料的3D生物打印
Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1186/s42825-023-00129-3
Bosen Yang, Hai Liu, Linli Jiang, Yiwei Zeng, Yiyuan Han, Chuanlu Sha, Xin Xie, Hui Li, Jiajing Zhou, Wei Lin

Oral diseases have emerged as one of the leading public health challenges globally. Although the existing clinical modalities for restoration of dental tissue loss and craniomaxillofacial injuries can achieve satisfactory therapeutic results, they cannot fully restore the original complex anatomical structure and physiological function of the tissue. 3D printing of biological tissues has gained growing interest in the field of oral medicine with the ability to control the bioink component and printing structure for spatially heterogeneous repairing constructs, holding enormous promise for the precise treatment of oral disease. Particularly, collagen-based materials have been recognized as promising biogenic bioinks for the regeneration of several tissues with high cell-activating and biocompatible properties. In this review, we summarize 3D printing methods for collagen-based biomaterials and their mechanisms. Additionally, we highlight the animal sources of collagen and their characteristics, as well as the methods of collagen extraction. Furthermore, this review provides an overview of the 3D bioprinting technology for the regeneration of the pulpal nerve and blood vessels, cartilage, and periodontal tissue. We envision that this technique opens up immense opportunities over the conventional ones, with high replicability and customized function, which can ultimately promote effective oral tissue regeneration.

Graphical Abstract

口腔疾病已成为全球主要的公共卫生挑战之一。临床现有的牙组织缺损及颅颌面损伤修复方式虽能取得满意的治疗效果,但不能完全恢复组织原有复杂的解剖结构和生理功能。生物组织的3D打印在口腔医学领域引起了越来越多的兴趣,因为它能够控制生物链接成分和打印结构,用于空间异构修复结构,为口腔疾病的精确治疗带来了巨大的希望。特别是,胶原蛋白基材料已被认为是具有高细胞活化和生物相容性的几种组织再生的有前途的生物墨水。本文综述了胶原基生物材料的3D打印方法及其机理。此外,我们还重点介绍了胶原蛋白的动物来源及其特点,以及胶原蛋白的提取方法。此外,本文还综述了生物3D打印技术在牙髓神经、血管、软骨和牙周组织再生方面的研究进展。我们设想这种技术在传统的基础上开辟了巨大的机会,具有高可复制性和定制功能,最终可以促进有效的口腔组织再生。图形抽象
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引用次数: 0
Combination tanning mechanism inspired environmentally benign catalyst for efficient degradation of tetracycline 组合鞣制机理启发的环境良性催化剂高效降解四环素
Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.1186/s42825-023-00130-w
Meng Xiao, Shuangmei Liu, Wenqian Qi, Yu Peng, Qingyu Yan, Hui Mao

The utilization of chelation reaction between metals and tannins is a common tanning method in leather chemistry. Herein, a novel combination tanning mechanism inspired environmentally benign catalyst (CMBT-Fe0) was synthesized by immobilizing Fe nanoparticles onto bayberry tannin (BT) grafted chitosan microfibers (CM). The obtained catalyst featured a well-defined microfibrous structure, on which Fe0 nanoparticles were highly dispersed to exhibit exceptional catalytic activity for the degradation of tetracycline (TC). The catalytic activity of CMBT-Fe0 was 1.72 times higher than that of the commercial Fe0 nanoparticles without immobilization, with 95.03% of TC degraded within 90.0 min. The CMBT-Fe0 catalysts were recycled 6 times, with the removal rate of TC maintained at 82.56%. Furthermore, a possible mechanism responsible for the catalytic removal of TC was provided by analyzing the catalytic degradation products via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Therefore, our investigation successfully developed efficient catalysts to address the concerned environmental issue of antibiotic pollution.

Graphical Abstract

利用金属与单宁之间的螯合反应制革是皮革化学中常用的制革方法。本文以杨梅单宁(BT)接枝壳聚糖微纤维(CM)为载体,将铁纳米颗粒固定在杨梅单宁(BT)接枝壳聚糖微纤维(CM)上,合成了一种新型的环境友好型复合鞣催化剂(CMBT-Fe0)。所制备的催化剂具有良好的微纤维结构,Fe0纳米颗粒高度分散,对四环素(TC)的降解表现出优异的催化活性。CMBT-Fe0的催化活性比未固定化的商用Fe0纳米颗粒高1.72倍,在90.0 min内降解了95.03%的TC。CMBT-Fe0催化剂循环使用6次,TC的去除率保持在82.56%。此外,通过液相色谱-质谱联用技术对催化降解产物进行分析,提出了催化脱除TC的可能机理。因此,我们的研究成功地开发了有效的催化剂,以解决抗生素污染这一令人关注的环境问题。图形抽象
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引用次数: 0
Tannin characterization and sourcing in historical leathers through FTIR spectroscopy and PCA analysis 通过FTIR光谱和PCA分析分析历史皮革的单宁特性和来源
Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.1186/s42825-023-00128-4
Alireza Koochakzaei, Mohammadamin Sabaghian

This study aimed to identify and classify the type of plants used for tanning historical leathers using cost-effective Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The investigation was carried out on five plants (oak bark, sumac, valonia, tara, and gallnut) and four historical leather samples from book bindings dating back to the Qajar period. Tannin extraction from both plants and leathers was performed using acetone–water solvent, and the samples were then subjected to FTIR spectroscopy. Pre-processing of the spectra included baseline correction, smoothing, and normalization. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the source of tannins based on FTIR results. FTIR was found to provide a good separation of condensed tannins from hydrolysable ones. However, PCA analysis allowed for the separation and identification of the type of plant used for tannin extraction. The examination of historical leather samples revealed that the primary classification based on the type of tannin is possible, but accurate identification faces challenges due to structural changes and degradation over time.

Graphical abstract

本研究旨在利用具有成本效益的傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱识别和分类用于鞣制历史皮革的植物类型。调查对象包括五种植物(橡树皮、漆树、瓦洛兰、度母和五子果)和四种可追溯到卡扎尔时期的书籍装订皮革样品。用丙酮-水溶剂从植物和皮革中提取单宁,并对样品进行傅里叶红外光谱分析。光谱的预处理包括基线校正、平滑和归一化。利用红外光谱(FTIR)对单宁进行主成分分析。FTIR可以很好地分离缩合单宁和水解单宁。然而,主成分分析允许分离和鉴定用于单宁提取的植物类型。对历史皮革样品的检查表明,基于单宁类型的初步分类是可能的,但由于结构变化和降解,准确识别面临挑战。图形抽象
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引用次数: 1
Structure, extraction, processing, and applications of collagen as an ideal component for biomaterials - a review 胶原蛋白是一种理想的生物材料成分,其结构、提取、加工及应用综述
Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.1186/s42825-023-00127-5
Qijue Chen, Ying Pei, Keyong Tang, Mǎdǎlina Georgiana Albu-Kaya

Collagen with a multi-hierarchical architecture exhibits powerful biological performance, thus being developed in biomedical applications as a processing building block. The isolated collagen after extraction from biological tissues can be processed into various forms such as fibrils, scaffolds, membranes, microspheres, hydrogels, and sponges for further use in specific applications. This review briefly discusses the multi-hierarchical structure, powerful biological performances, extraction, and processing approaches of collagen as a natural biomaterial. The processing of collagen including dissolution, self-assembly, cross-linking, and electrospinning, is discussed to show more feasibility for specific applications of collagen composite biomaterials. Further emphasis is directed towards the biomedical applications of drug and gene delivery, as well as tissue repair involving bone, cartilage, vascular, and corneal, along with wound healing. Additionally, there is a focus on the development of flexible sensors and electronic skins (e-skins). Furthermore, the potential challenges and perspectives for the development of collagen-based biomaterials are proposed. In short, collagen-based biomaterials are expected to facilitate sustainable development and the next generation of advanced biomaterial applications.

Graphical Abstract

胶原蛋白具有多层结构,表现出强大的生物性能,因此在生物医学应用中被开发为加工构件。从生物组织中提取分离的胶原蛋白可以加工成各种形式,如原纤维、支架、膜、微球、水凝胶和海绵,以进一步用于特定的应用。本文综述了胶原蛋白作为一种天然生物材料的多层次结构、强大的生物学性能、提取和加工方法。讨论了胶原蛋白的溶解、自组装、交联和静电纺丝等过程,以显示胶原复合生物材料在特定应用中的可行性。进一步的重点是药物和基因传递的生物医学应用,以及涉及骨、软骨、血管和角膜的组织修复,以及伤口愈合。此外,还有一个重点是开发柔性传感器和电子皮肤(e-skin)。此外,还提出了胶原基生物材料发展的潜在挑战和前景。总之,胶原基生物材料有望促进可持续发展和下一代先进生物材料的应用。图形抽象
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Journal of Leather Science and Engineering
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