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2011 International Symposium on Water Resource and Environmental Protection最新文献

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Using chloride mass-balance and stream hydrographs to estimate groundwater recharge in the Hailiutu River Basin, NW China 利用氯化物质量平衡和水流线估算海流渡河流域地下水补给
Pub Date : 2011-05-20 DOI: 10.1109/ISWREP.2011.5893010
Yin Li-he, H. Guangcai, Huang Jin-ting, Li Ying, Wang Xiayong, Yang Zhi, Zhou Yangxiao
Groundwater plays a key role in arid regions as the majority of water is supplied by groundwater. Therefore, estimation of groundwater recharge is a key issue for groundwater development and management. In this study, the chloride mass-balance (CMB) method and the stream hydrograph separation method were used to quantify groundwater recharge in the Hailiutu River Basin. The results show that groundwater recharge estimated by the CMB is 89 mm/yr, which is similar to groundwater recharge estimated by the stream hydrograph separation method (78 - 82 mm/yr). The difference between the two methods may result from riparian vegetation transpiring water directly from the groundwater. The study indicates that the CMB method can produce reliable regional groundwater recharge. The results of the study can be used to make effective schemes of the groundwater management and development.
地下水在干旱地区发挥着关键作用,因为大部分水是由地下水提供的。因此,地下水补给估算是地下水开发与管理的关键问题。本文采用氯离子质量平衡(CMB)法和水流线分离法对海流渡河流域地下水补给进行了定量分析。结果表明:CMB估算的地下水补给量为89 mm/yr,与水流线分离法估算的地下水补给量(78 ~ 82 mm/yr)相当。两种方法之间的差异可能是由于河岸植被直接从地下水中蒸腾水分造成的。研究表明,CMB方法可以产生可靠的区域地下水补给。研究结果可用于制定有效的地下水管理与开发方案。
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引用次数: 5
Brittleness structure of ecological harmonious urban system 生态和谐城市系统的脆性结构
Pub Date : 2011-05-20 DOI: 10.1109/ISWREP.2011.5893397
Wu Wei, W. Xuan
In this paper, the brittleness theory is introduced into the urban system, to analyze all the factors that affect the water safety in the whole urban ecosystem from the aspect of water resource guarantee to social system, economy system and environmental system, and then calculates their brittleness waken degrees (BWD) combining with the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), thus investigates the influence on the harmony of the urban ecosystem.
本文将脆弱性理论引入城市系统,从水资源保障到社会系统、经济系统和环境系统三个方面分析影响整个城市生态系统水安全的所有因素,并结合模糊层次分析法(FAHP)计算其脆弱性唤醒度(BWD),从而考察其对城市生态系统和谐的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Modeling the health impacts of air pollution exposures in London within the GENESIS system 在GENESIS系统内模拟伦敦空气污染暴露对健康的影响
Pub Date : 2011-05-20 DOI: 10.1109/ISWREP.2011.5893737
Yang Wang, J. Gulliver, C. McHugh
Modeling of environmental exposures and health impacts across large geographical areas is complex in terms of data handling and processing and often computationally demanding. Software allows widespread applications to a range of users (e.g. epidemiologists, public health practitioners) but heterogeneity in geospatial data processing and modeling techniques makes it challenging to develop a generic and collaborative system. This paper presents GENESIS (GENeric European Sustainable Information Space for environment) as a solution in developing a high level interoperable system, which assists integrating crosscutting GIS based environmental data and systems over many scientific domains. Pilot experimentation of developing service-oriented applications under GENESIS is applying a study on impacts of air pollution on people's health in Great London.
就数据处理和处理而言,跨大地理区域的环境暴露和健康影响建模是复杂的,而且往往需要大量的计算。软件允许广泛应用于一系列用户(例如流行病学家、公共卫生从业人员),但地理空间数据处理和建模技术的异质性使得开发通用和协作系统具有挑战性。本文提出了GENESIS(通用欧洲环境可持续信息空间)作为开发高水平互操作系统的解决方案,该系统有助于在许多科学领域整合基于横切GIS的环境数据和系统。在GENESIS下发展面向服务应用的试点试验正在应用一项关于空气污染对大伦敦人民健康影响的研究。
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引用次数: 5
Numerical simulation of sediment transport in Bohai Bay 渤海湾泥沙输移的数值模拟
Pub Date : 2011-05-20 DOI: 10.1109/ISWREP.2011.5893184
Ya-ping Wang, D. Yuan, Hongtao Nie
Numerical simulations were carried out to discover the characteristics of sediment transport in the Bohai Bay. Two scenarios were set in the simulations to understand the impact of the high strength exploitation in recent years on sediment transport in the coastal zone of Bohai Bay. The simulated results show that (a) the sediment in western Bohai Bay mainly transports along the coastline in the near shore area; (b) The sediment transport is significantly correlated with the distribution of the residual currents; and (c) the changes in geomorphology and coastline caused by coastal zone development have impact on sediment transport in western Bohai Bay to a certain extent. However, the in situ investigation of radioactive isotope activities near Tianjin Port show a non-steady sedimentation feature, which is inconsistent with the results from the simulated results and could be a result of frequent human disturbance.
通过数值模拟研究了渤海湾的输沙特征。为了解近年来高强度开采对渤海湾海岸带输沙的影响,在模拟中设置了两种情景。模拟结果表明:(a)渤海湾西部沉积物主要在近海岸沿海岸线输送;(b)输沙量与残流分布显著相关;(c)海岸带开发引起的地貌和海岸线变化对渤海湾西部输沙有一定的影响。然而,天津港附近放射性同位素活动的现场调查显示出非稳定沉降特征,这与模拟结果不一致,可能是人为干扰频繁的结果。
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引用次数: 2
Counting methodologies of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emission in highway life cycle 公路生命周期温室气体排放计算方法研究
Pub Date : 2011-05-20 DOI: 10.1109/ISWREP.2011.5893717
Xinghua Li, Jianchang Liu, Honglei Xu, P. Zhong, Xuewen Zheng, Fan Zhang, Jianxun Zhao
The processes of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions from highway life cycle are identified. The emissions from whole highway life cycle are composed by the parts of construction and operation periods, respectively, which are greatly influenced to each other. Meanwhile, GHG emissions at highway full periods can be separated into the endogenous and exogenous components, between which is interrelated and not all nonlinear relationship. The formulary of counting methodologies of GHG emission considering the endogenous and exogenous components is built up not only for highway infrastructure construction but also for operation in its life cycle. The model of GHG emission reduction caused by optimization measures is also set up based on the formulary of counting methodologies.
确定了公路全生命周期温室气体排放过程。公路全生命周期排放分别由建设期和运营期两部分组成,两者之间相互影响较大。同时,公路满期温室气体排放可分为内源和外源两部分,两者之间是相互关联的,但并非都是非线性关系。建立了考虑内源和外源因素的公路基础设施建设及其全生命周期运行的温室气体排放计算方法公式。根据计算方法的公式,建立了优化措施对温室气体减排的影响模型。
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引用次数: 1
Research on Land use change of Xuchang City based on RS and GIS 基于RS和GIS的许昌市土地利用变化研究
Pub Date : 2011-05-20 DOI: 10.1109/ISWREP.2011.5893370
G. Wu, Chun-cai Pan, Huaifei Shen
This article analyzes the changes of Xuchang land use in 1985, 1995, 2000. It shows the phenomenon of Xuchang's land use that dry land areas sharply decrease, construction areas sharply increase and grassland and woodland changes in volatility. Finally, the city of Xuchang should strengthen land-use planning and land management, optimize the structure of the land, strengthen education for sustainable development and the dynamical monitoring measures to make Xuchang's land use move toward the sustainable development path.
本文分析了1985年、1995年、2000年许昌市土地利用的变化。表明许昌市土地利用呈现旱地面积急剧减少、建设面积急剧增加、草地和林地波动变化的现象。最后,许昌市应加强土地利用规划和土地管理,优化土地结构,加强可持续发展教育,采取动态监测措施,使许昌市土地利用走上可持续发展道路。
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引用次数: 0
Response of P and its correlative factors to products of Environmental Degradable Mulch Film in soil 土壤中磷及其相关因子对环境可降解地膜产物的响应
Pub Date : 2011-05-20 DOI: 10.1109/ISWREP.2011.5893353
Jing He, X. Luo
The common plastic film mulching technology causes a series of environmental issues while it controls or increases soil temperature and maintain soil humidity to increase crop yields and improve produce. The new pattern of plastic mulch film, it's called “Environmental Degradable Mulch Film” (EDMF), which successfully achieves degradation of appearance from pieces to powders. Therefore the effect of polyethylene powder products of EDMF on physical property and chemical property of soil becomes new hotspot of discussion. This study made use of four kinds of molecular weight to simulate polyethylene powder products of EDMF as soil additive of potted soybean, tested total P, efficient P, organic matter, acid phosphatase of soil in soybean developmental periods. The results showed that the total P content of experimental groups which added polyethylene powder products of EDMF were lower than control group, and the max decrement was 25.5%; efficient P content, organic matter content and acid phosphatase activity had no significant differences between experimental groups and control group in soil, and there were relativity among all of them. Efficient P and acid phosphatase activity, efficient P and organic matter were significant positive correlation (R=0.9982 R=0.9985); organic matter and acid phosphatase were negative correlation (R=-0.9966). The polyethylene powder products of EDMF have no significant effects on efficient P, organic matter and acid phosphatase in soil, whereas there are a little effect on speed total P consumption.
普通的地膜覆盖技术在控制或提高土壤温度、保持土壤湿度以提高作物产量和提高产量的同时,也引起了一系列的环境问题。这种新型塑料地膜被称为“环境可降解地膜”(EDMF),它成功地实现了从碎片到粉末的外观降解。因此,EDMF聚乙烯粉末制品对土壤理化性质的影响成为新的研究热点。本研究采用四种分子量的EDMF模拟聚乙烯粉末产品作为盆栽大豆的土壤添加剂,测定了大豆发育期土壤全磷、有效磷、有机质、酸性磷酸酶的变化。结果表明:添加EDMF聚乙烯粉末制品的试验组总磷含量均低于对照组,最大降幅为25.5%;土壤有效磷含量、有机质含量和酸性磷酸酶活性在试验组与对照组之间无显著差异,且存在相关性。高效磷与酸性磷酸酶活性、高效磷与有机质呈显著正相关(R=0.9982 R=0.9985);有机质与酸性磷酸酶呈负相关(R=-0.9966)。EDMF聚乙烯粉末制品对土壤有效磷、有机质和酸性磷酸酶无显著影响,对土壤总磷消耗速度影响不大。
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引用次数: 0
Application of kinematic wave model to calculate “rainfall-runoff” process at hilly-gully region in the Loess Plateau, China 运动波模型在黄土高原丘陵沟壑区“降雨-径流”过程计算中的应用
Pub Date : 2011-05-20 DOI: 10.1109/ISWREP.2011.5893034
Huang Jin-bai, Bin Wang, H. Osamu, K. Yuki
The objective of this study was to develop a practical numerical calculation model for the “rainfall-runoff” process at the hilly-gully region in the Loess Plateau of China. Field survey on topographic and geographic conditions and hydrological observation were carried out at the Liudaogou Basin located at the northern Loess Plateau. Kinematic wave model was applied to develop a numerical calculation model for the “rainfall-runoff” process and the model was applied to the observed data and verified. Validation of the numerical method results indicated the practical value of the proposed numerical calculation method for the “rainfall-runoff” process at the hilly-gully region in the Loess Plateau.
本研究的目的是建立一个实用的黄土高原丘陵沟壑区“降雨-径流”过程的数值计算模型。对黄土高原北部六道沟盆地进行了地形地理调查和水文观测。应用运动波模型建立了“降雨-径流”过程的数值计算模型,并应用于实测资料进行了验证。数值计算结果的验证表明,所提出的数值计算方法对黄土高原丘陵沟壑区“降雨-径流”过程具有实用价值。
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引用次数: 1
The nutrients in the fertile water from fish pond assimilated and utilized by paddy field 鱼塘肥水中的养分被水田吸收利用
Pub Date : 2011-05-20 DOI: 10.1109/ISWREP.2011.5893434
Yuan Zhou, Jian-qiang Zhu, Gu Li
Wastewater from aquiculture sometimes is called fertile water for plants because it contains useful ingredients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. In order to realize zero-discharge of wastewater from aquiculture, a field experiment was done that aquiculture water (fertile water for plants) from fish pond was applied to irrigate paddy field. The results showed that: 1) paddy field has an obvious effect on removal of some ingredients contained in irrigation water from fish pond, especially for NO3--N and TP. When aquiculture water stranded in the paddy field for more than 8 hours, the nutrient in it may be assimilated by paddy field 65.23% for TN, 71.97% for TP, 87.28% for NO3--N, 66.84% for NH4+-N and 51.06% for CODMn. 2) when aquiculture water entered to the field and contacted with soil surface and plants, the various forms of nitrogen adsorbed is more than that of the TP and CODMn, in which the NH4+-N and NO3--N adsorbed reach up to 49.92% and 41.78% respectively; when aquiculture water penetrates the soil, the absorption is 45.51% for TP, 35.63% for CODMn and 37.36% for NO3--N. 3) using fertile water from fish pond to irrigate paddy field, an output of rice may get to more than 9000 kg/hm2 under 80% of the conventional fertilizer dosage which means fertilizer-saving 20% in contrast to the local conventional fertilizer use, and get to 7950 kg/hm2 without fertilizer that undoubtedly is the most economical and friendly to environment.
水产养殖废水有时被称为植物的肥沃水,因为它含有氮和磷等有用成分。为实现养殖废水零排放,采用鱼塘养殖水(植物肥沃水)灌溉水田进行了田间试验。结果表明:1)水田对鱼塘灌溉水中部分成分的去除效果明显,特别是对硝态氮和总磷的去除效果较好。当养殖水滞留稻田超过8小时,水体中营养物质被稻田吸收的TN为65.23%,TP为71.97%,NO3——N为87.28%,NH4+-N为66.84%,CODMn为51.06%。2)养殖水进入田间与土壤表面和植物接触时,吸附的各种形态氮多于TP和CODMn,其中NH4+-N和NO3——N的吸附分别高达49.92%和41.78%;养殖水渗透土壤时,TP吸收量为45.51%,CODMn吸收量为35.63%,NO3—N吸收量为37.36%。3)利用鱼塘肥水灌溉水田,在常规施肥量80%的情况下,水稻产量可达9000 kg/hm2以上,比当地常规施肥量节肥20%,无肥水稻产量可达7950 kg/hm2,无疑是最经济、最环保的。
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引用次数: 6
Rethinking of “green design” and “environmental protection” 对“绿色设计”与“环境保护”的再思考
Pub Date : 2011-05-20 DOI: 10.1109/ISWREP.2011.5893721
Li Hengli, Liu Baoshun
At present, the problem of “green design” is its narrow definition and related fields. The lifestyle was surveyed by the market research and design research. It broadens the scope of the green design definition and put forward a new green lifestyle concept, and then achieves the purpose of environmental protection.
目前,“绿色设计”的问题在于其狭义的定义和相关领域。通过市场调研和设计调研对生活方式进行了调查。它拓宽了绿色设计定义的范围,提出了一种新的绿色生活方式理念,从而达到了环保的目的。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2011 International Symposium on Water Resource and Environmental Protection
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