Pub Date : 2015-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409198
Milind Paradkar, J. Bocker
In this paper a closed-form 2D analytical model developed for the estimation of eddy current loss in interior permanent magnet machines is presented. To check the generality of the developed model, two different types of commonly employed interior permanent magnet machines are considered. 2D finite-element analysis was used to benchmark the results from the analytical model. The proposed model can be directly used to evaluate the eddy current magnet loss for magnet segmentation in the circumferential direction. The influence of air-gap length, frequency of carrier harmonic, reaction field and non-linearity of iron due to saturation on the magnet loss have been studied in detail and the results are presented. The effect of axial segmentation has been considered by incorporating an end-effect factor in the analytical model. The results from analytical and 2D finite-element analyses are found to be in concurrence.
{"title":"2D analytical model for estimation of eddy current loss in the magnets of IPM machines considering the reaction field of the induced eddy currents","authors":"Milind Paradkar, J. Bocker","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409198","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a closed-form 2D analytical model developed for the estimation of eddy current loss in interior permanent magnet machines is presented. To check the generality of the developed model, two different types of commonly employed interior permanent magnet machines are considered. 2D finite-element analysis was used to benchmark the results from the analytical model. The proposed model can be directly used to evaluate the eddy current magnet loss for magnet segmentation in the circumferential direction. The influence of air-gap length, frequency of carrier harmonic, reaction field and non-linearity of iron due to saturation on the magnet loss have been studied in detail and the results are presented. The effect of axial segmentation has been considered by incorporating an end-effect factor in the analytical model. The results from analytical and 2D finite-element analyses are found to be in concurrence.","PeriodicalId":6477,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"12 1","pages":"1096-1102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85619165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409287
P. O'Regan, Ron Wang, S. Pekarek
This research introduces a model structured to facilitate the rigorous design of passive rectifier-based DC generating systems powered by wound rotor synchronous machines (WRSMs). The model includes provisions to consider WRSMs with arbitrary damper winding configurations and to represent the dynamics and mass/loss of the output filter. Multi-objective design studies have been performed to demonstrate the usefulness of the model and to highlight differences between machines optimized for DC systems and those intended for AC applications.
{"title":"Design of synchronous machines for DC power generation","authors":"P. O'Regan, Ron Wang, S. Pekarek","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409287","url":null,"abstract":"This research introduces a model structured to facilitate the rigorous design of passive rectifier-based DC generating systems powered by wound rotor synchronous machines (WRSMs). The model includes provisions to consider WRSMs with arbitrary damper winding configurations and to represent the dynamics and mass/loss of the output filter. Multi-objective design studies have been performed to demonstrate the usefulness of the model and to highlight differences between machines optimized for DC systems and those intended for AC applications.","PeriodicalId":6477,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"27 2","pages":"1665-1670"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91427801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409268
T. Taj, H. Hasanien, A. Alolah
This paper presents the dynamic performance improvement of a wind energy conversion system (WECS) connected to a single machine infinite bus system using doubly-fed induction machine (DFIM)-based flywheel energy storage system (FESS). The continuously varying wind speed causes instabilities in the output power of the WECS. The use of FESS improves the dynamic response of the system and smoothes the output power of the WECS and during variable wind speeds. A DFIM-based FESS is proposed in this study which works on the cascaded black-box optimization technique based proportional-integral (PI) controller. The PI controllers are used to control the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) switches of the frequency converter. In-depth modeling and control strategy of the system under study is presented. The effectiveness of the proposed system is tested under real-time wind speed data. The validity of the system is verified by the simulation results which are carried out using PSCAD/EMTDC.
{"title":"Improving the dynamic performance of a grid-connected wind energy conversion system using flywheel energy storage system","authors":"T. Taj, H. Hasanien, A. Alolah","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409268","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the dynamic performance improvement of a wind energy conversion system (WECS) connected to a single machine infinite bus system using doubly-fed induction machine (DFIM)-based flywheel energy storage system (FESS). The continuously varying wind speed causes instabilities in the output power of the WECS. The use of FESS improves the dynamic response of the system and smoothes the output power of the WECS and during variable wind speeds. A DFIM-based FESS is proposed in this study which works on the cascaded black-box optimization technique based proportional-integral (PI) controller. The PI controllers are used to control the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) switches of the frequency converter. In-depth modeling and control strategy of the system under study is presented. The effectiveness of the proposed system is tested under real-time wind speed data. The validity of the system is verified by the simulation results which are carried out using PSCAD/EMTDC.","PeriodicalId":6477,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"1545-1549"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91546143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409159
Zhuangyao Tang, B. Akin
This paper presents a new sliding-mode observer (SMO) for interior permanent-magnet motors (IPM) to be utilized in sensorless field-oriented control (FOC) algorithms. Due to IPM's rotor saliency, the traditional back electromotive force (back-emf) model for surface-mount permanent motors (SPM) cannot be used in IPM observers directly. In order to address this problem, the extended electromotive force (EEMF) model is adopted for observer design. Unlike many other EEMF model based SMOs, the phase delay mitigation algorithm (PDMA) integrated in the proposed observer significantly reduces steady-state estimation error while maintaining low-pass filter's dynamic performance. The simple structure makes the proposed observer an ideal candidate for cost-sensitive applications which guarantees satisfactory performance and efficiency. Theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental results are provided to validate the fidelity of the proposed SMO.
{"title":"An improved sliding-mode observer for IPM drives with a new phase delay mitigation algorithm based on extended electromotive force model","authors":"Zhuangyao Tang, B. Akin","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409159","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new sliding-mode observer (SMO) for interior permanent-magnet motors (IPM) to be utilized in sensorless field-oriented control (FOC) algorithms. Due to IPM's rotor saliency, the traditional back electromotive force (back-emf) model for surface-mount permanent motors (SPM) cannot be used in IPM observers directly. In order to address this problem, the extended electromotive force (EEMF) model is adopted for observer design. Unlike many other EEMF model based SMOs, the phase delay mitigation algorithm (PDMA) integrated in the proposed observer significantly reduces steady-state estimation error while maintaining low-pass filter's dynamic performance. The simple structure makes the proposed observer an ideal candidate for cost-sensitive applications which guarantees satisfactory performance and efficiency. Theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental results are provided to validate the fidelity of the proposed SMO.","PeriodicalId":6477,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"8 1","pages":"846-852"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78908678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409055
D. Evans, Z. Zhu, Z. Wu, H. Zhan, X. Ge
Parasitic losses, including PM and iron losses, in novel 12-stator-pole partitioned stator switched flux permanent magnet (PS-SFPM) machines with double- and single-layer windings are comparatively analyzed by 2-dimensional finite element method (FE) in this paper, together with the influence of different stator/rotor-pole combinations, i.e. 12/10, 12/11, 12/13, 12/14 stator/rotor poles. FE results show that 12/11 poles PS-SFPM machine has the highest PM and iron losses in the cases of both double and single-layer windings, whilst the 12/14 counterpart has the smallest ones.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of parasitic losses in partitioned stator switched flux PM machines with double- and single-layer windings","authors":"D. Evans, Z. Zhu, Z. Wu, H. Zhan, X. Ge","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409055","url":null,"abstract":"Parasitic losses, including PM and iron losses, in novel 12-stator-pole partitioned stator switched flux permanent magnet (PS-SFPM) machines with double- and single-layer windings are comparatively analyzed by 2-dimensional finite element method (FE) in this paper, together with the influence of different stator/rotor-pole combinations, i.e. 12/10, 12/11, 12/13, 12/14 stator/rotor poles. FE results show that 12/11 poles PS-SFPM machine has the highest PM and iron losses in the cases of both double and single-layer windings, whilst the 12/14 counterpart has the smallest ones.","PeriodicalId":6477,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"11 1","pages":"167-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85843294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409194
L. Masisi, M. Ibrahim, P. Pillay
The effects of the three level inverter on the core losses of a SynRM are investigated particularly at the stator yoke and tooth. A comparative study on the effects of space vector pulse width modulated (SV-PWM) two and three level inverter on the iron/core loss are analyzed. A SynRM stator made of silicon steel, M36, 0.35 mm thickness is used. The machine was driven from a two and three level inverters and the current waveforms where used in the finite element model so as to capture the flux densities. The SynRM stator was then excited by these flux density waveforms obtained from the FE model. Tests were conducted at 30 Hz, 60 Hz and 180 Hz and there was an approximate 6 % reduction in core losses at 180 Hz under a three level inverter drive. The reduction in core losses were significant on the stator tooth than on the stator yoke. The use of a three level inverter will reduce the burden of the cooling system on the machine.
{"title":"The effect of the three level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter on the core loss of a synchronous reluctance machine (SynRM)","authors":"L. Masisi, M. Ibrahim, P. Pillay","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409194","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of the three level inverter on the core losses of a SynRM are investigated particularly at the stator yoke and tooth. A comparative study on the effects of space vector pulse width modulated (SV-PWM) two and three level inverter on the iron/core loss are analyzed. A SynRM stator made of silicon steel, M36, 0.35 mm thickness is used. The machine was driven from a two and three level inverters and the current waveforms where used in the finite element model so as to capture the flux densities. The SynRM stator was then excited by these flux density waveforms obtained from the FE model. Tests were conducted at 30 Hz, 60 Hz and 180 Hz and there was an approximate 6 % reduction in core losses at 180 Hz under a three level inverter drive. The reduction in core losses were significant on the stator tooth than on the stator yoke. The use of a three level inverter will reduce the burden of the cooling system on the machine.","PeriodicalId":6477,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"02 1","pages":"1071-1077"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86022681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409256
Chen Jiang, T. Habetler
Because of the wide range of application of BLDC (brushless DC) motors, the fault diagnose of BLDC becomes an essential problem. For those BLDC motors in application, rotor faults account for most of the faults in BLDC motors. Static eccentricity and dynamic eccentricity are two of the main faults in the rotor of BLDC motor. In this paper, an improved method detecting static eccentricity is proposed based on the comparison between the positive sequence current and negative sequence current. Comparing to the traditional method which only focuses on the change of the negative sequence of fundamental frequency current, the method proposed in this paper could be more reliable since the positive sequence current and harmonics current are considered as well. A BLDC motor with static eccentricity in AHU (air handler unit) will be tested. The effectiveness and availability are verified in both simulation and experiment results.
{"title":"Static eccentricity fault detection of the BLDC motor inside the air handler unit (AHU)","authors":"Chen Jiang, T. Habetler","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409256","url":null,"abstract":"Because of the wide range of application of BLDC (brushless DC) motors, the fault diagnose of BLDC becomes an essential problem. For those BLDC motors in application, rotor faults account for most of the faults in BLDC motors. Static eccentricity and dynamic eccentricity are two of the main faults in the rotor of BLDC motor. In this paper, an improved method detecting static eccentricity is proposed based on the comparison between the positive sequence current and negative sequence current. Comparing to the traditional method which only focuses on the change of the negative sequence of fundamental frequency current, the method proposed in this paper could be more reliable since the positive sequence current and harmonics current are considered as well. A BLDC motor with static eccentricity in AHU (air handler unit) will be tested. The effectiveness and availability are verified in both simulation and experiment results.","PeriodicalId":6477,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"71 1","pages":"1473-1476"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88486683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409048
Ilsu Jeong, K. Nam
A major source for torque ripple is the harmonics in airgap permeance caused by stator slotting, permanent magnet (PM) flux barrier, etc. They are reflected in the flux linkages of the stator windings. In this work, we express the d and q-axis flux linkages as Fourier series after obtaining them using finite element analysis (FEA). Torque ripples are obtained analytically using the Fourier coefficients of the flux linkages, and justified by comparing the results with FEA torque. With a linear flux model in current, the ripple components are expressed explicitly in current and high order saliency. Through simulations, it is demonstrated that the ripple increases as the d-axis current increases negatively along a constant torque line.
{"title":"Analytic expression of torque ripple by fourier coefficients of flux linkages","authors":"Ilsu Jeong, K. Nam","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409048","url":null,"abstract":"A major source for torque ripple is the harmonics in airgap permeance caused by stator slotting, permanent magnet (PM) flux barrier, etc. They are reflected in the flux linkages of the stator windings. In this work, we express the d and q-axis flux linkages as Fourier series after obtaining them using finite element analysis (FEA). Torque ripples are obtained analytically using the Fourier coefficients of the flux linkages, and justified by comparing the results with FEA torque. With a linear flux model in current, the ripple components are expressed explicitly in current and high order saliency. Through simulations, it is demonstrated that the ripple increases as the d-axis current increases negatively along a constant torque line.","PeriodicalId":6477,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"236 1","pages":"127-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82741242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409272
Yingjie Li, Dheeraj Bobba, B. Sarlioglu
The purpose of this paper is to introduce a novel dual-stator six stator slots four rotor poles flux switching permanent magnet machine that is viable for operation. The conventional six slots four poles topology suffers from asymmetrical flux linkage and severely unbalanced back-EMF, which makes it unfeasible. The proposed dual-stator structure utilizes windings in the second stator to produce a corresponding flux linkage that cancels the even order harmonic components in the first stator winding. The resulting flux linkage, back-EMF have no even order harmonics and are almost sinusoidal waveforms. The performance of the proposed machine is validated by analytical and finite element analysis.
{"title":"A novel dual-stator flux switching permanent magnet machine with six stator slots and four rotor poles configuration","authors":"Yingjie Li, Dheeraj Bobba, B. Sarlioglu","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409272","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to introduce a novel dual-stator six stator slots four rotor poles flux switching permanent magnet machine that is viable for operation. The conventional six slots four poles topology suffers from asymmetrical flux linkage and severely unbalanced back-EMF, which makes it unfeasible. The proposed dual-stator structure utilizes windings in the second stator to produce a corresponding flux linkage that cancels the even order harmonic components in the first stator winding. The resulting flux linkage, back-EMF have no even order harmonics and are almost sinusoidal waveforms. The performance of the proposed machine is validated by analytical and finite element analysis.","PeriodicalId":6477,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"9 1","pages":"1566-1572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87724502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-10DOI: 10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409226
N. Sarma, K. Tshiloz, D. Vilchis-Rodriguez, S. Djurović
High fidelity ac machinery models including harmonic effects are becoming increasingly desirable for use in improved fidelity machine and drive behavior analysis. This paper describes a method enabling the development of a dynamic induction machine model in SIMULINK which has a capability of representing time and space harmonic effects. The manuscript first presents the details of the model development and implementation. The proposed model performance is then validated through comparison with experimental current and torque signals data obtained from two separate induction machine laboratory test rigs. The results show a good agreement between measured and predicted data in the frequency domain and validate the competency of the presented model in representing harmonic effects.
{"title":"Modelling of induction machine time and space harmonic effects in the SIMULINK environment","authors":"N. Sarma, K. Tshiloz, D. Vilchis-Rodriguez, S. Djurović","doi":"10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMDC.2015.7409226","url":null,"abstract":"High fidelity ac machinery models including harmonic effects are becoming increasingly desirable for use in improved fidelity machine and drive behavior analysis. This paper describes a method enabling the development of a dynamic induction machine model in SIMULINK which has a capability of representing time and space harmonic effects. The manuscript first presents the details of the model development and implementation. The proposed model performance is then validated through comparison with experimental current and torque signals data obtained from two separate induction machine laboratory test rigs. The results show a good agreement between measured and predicted data in the frequency domain and validate the competency of the presented model in representing harmonic effects.","PeriodicalId":6477,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)","volume":"100 1","pages":"1279-1285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88020880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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