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2016 IEEE 21st International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)最新文献

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Designing optimal harmonic filters in power systems using greedy adaptive Differential Evolution 基于贪婪自适应差分进化的电力系统谐波滤波器优化设计
M. Ortiz, Yigen Zenlander, N. Xiong, F. Herrera
Harmonic filtering has been widely applied to reduce harmonic distortion in power distribution systems. This paper investigates a new method of exploiting Differential Evolution (DE) to support the optimal design of harmonic filters. DE is a class of stochastic and population-based optimization algorithms that are expected to have stronger global ability than trajectory-based optimization techniques in locating the best component sizes for filters. However, the performance of DE is largely affected by its two control parameters: scaling factor and crossover rate, which are problem dependent. How to decide appropriate setting for these two parameters presents a practical difficulty in real applications. Greedy Adaptive Differential Evolution (GADE) algorithm is suggested in the paper as a more convenient and effective means to automatically optimize filter designs. GADE is attractive in that it does not require proper setting of the scaling factor and crossover rate prior to the running of the program. Instead it enables dynamic adjustment of the DE parameters during the course of search for performance improvement. The results of tests on several problem examples have demonstrated that the use of GADE leads to the discovery of better filter circuits facilitating less harmonic distortion than the basic DE method.
谐波滤波已广泛应用于配电系统中,以降低谐波畸变。本文研究了一种利用差分演化支持谐波滤波器优化设计的新方法。DE是一类随机和基于种群的优化算法,在定位滤波器的最佳组件尺寸方面,它比基于轨迹的优化技术具有更强的全局能力。然而,DE的性能在很大程度上受到其两个控制参数的影响:比例因子和交叉率,这两个参数是问题相关的。如何为这两个参数确定合适的整定值,是实际应用中的一个实际难点。本文提出了贪心自适应差分进化算法(GADE)作为一种更方便、更有效的自动优化滤波器设计的方法。GADE很有吸引力,因为它不需要在程序运行之前正确设置比例因子和交叉率。相反,它允许在搜索性能改进的过程中动态调整DE参数。对几个问题实例的测试结果表明,与基本DE方法相比,使用GADE方法可以发现更好的滤波电路,有助于减少谐波失真。
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引用次数: 3
New types of faults detection and diagnosis using a mixed soft & hard clustering framework 基于软硬混合聚类框架的新型故障检测与诊断
Heng-Chao Yan, Junhong Zhou, C. Pang
In general, one limitation in current diagnosis approaches is that they could only detect the existing types of faults, while not be able to detect new types of faults. It is difficult to know in advance all fault types and new types of faults may occur in industry. As such, effective detection and diagnosis on new types of faults are important. In this paper, a novel mixed soft&hard assignment clustering framework will be proposed to detect and diagnose new types of faults based on the feature signals. As a popular soft assignment strategy, Gaussian mixture model targets to diagnose existing types from training and detect new category. Next, the hard assignment strategy based on the Euclidean distance of K-means is used to further classify the fault details if the new category is detected. Effectiveness of the proposed framework is testified on a partial discharge measurement dataset of different high voltage electronic and power equipment in industry. It is able to achieve as good performance as benchmark approaches for conventional diagnosis without new fault category, while it also effectively detects and classifies new types of faults with average accuracy of 75.0%.
一般来说,当前诊断方法的一个局限性是只能检测到已存在的故障类型,而不能检测到新的故障类型。在工业生产中,很难预先知道所有的故障类型,而且还可能出现新的故障类型。因此,对新型故障进行有效的检测和诊断是十分重要的。本文提出了一种基于特征信号的新型软、硬混合分配聚类框架来检测和诊断新型故障。作为一种流行的软分配策略,高斯混合模型的目标是从训练中诊断出现有的类别并检测出新的类别。其次,在检测到新类别的情况下,采用基于k均值欧氏距离的硬分配策略对故障细节进行进一步分类。在工业高压电子和电力设备局部放电测量数据集上验证了该框架的有效性。在没有新故障类别的情况下,该方法能够达到与常规诊断基准方法一样好的性能,同时也能有效地检测和分类新故障类型,平均准确率为75.0%。
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引用次数: 9
Generation of safe operation sequences using iterative refinements and abstractions of timed automata 使用迭代改进和时间自动机抽象的安全操作序列的生成
T. Cochard, David Gouyon, J. Pétin
The main objective of operation procedure engineering for complex and critical systems is to provide action sequences satisfying safety requirements specifications. A classical limit of the use of formal generation approaches for this purpose is the combinatorial explosion due to the size and the number of required models. This article addresses this issue by proposing an iterative approach for the generation of safe operation sequences, using timed automata, and based on reachability analysis. The originality of this approach is to combine a bottom-up framework to build progressively system models by abstraction, and a top-down iterative action sequence generation.
复杂和关键系统的操作程序工程的主要目标是提供满足安全要求规范的操作程序。使用形式生成方法实现此目的的一个经典限制是由于所需模型的大小和数量而导致的组合爆炸。本文通过提出一种基于可达性分析、使用时间自动机生成安全操作序列的迭代方法来解决这个问题。该方法的独创性在于结合了自下而上的框架,通过抽象逐步构建系统模型,以及自上而下的迭代操作序列生成。
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引用次数: 1
Moving IEC 61131-3 applications to a computing framework based on CLR Virtual Machine 将IEC 61131-3应用迁移到基于CLR虚拟机的计算框架
S. Cavalieri, G. Puglisi, Marco Stefano Scroppo, L. Galvagno
The increased need of flexibility of automation systems and the increased capabilities of sensors and actuators paired with more capable bus systems, pave the way for the reallocation of IEC 61131-3 applications away from the field level into so-called compute pools. Such compute pools are decentralised with enough compute power for a large number of applications, while providing the required flexibility to quickly adapt to changes of the applications requirements. The paper proposes a framework able to deploy IEC 61131-3 applications to multiple computing platforms. It is based on CLR VM and does not require any modifications of the IEC 61131-3 applications. The paper presents also an analysis about the capability of the proposed framework to respect real-time constraints of the industrial processes.
自动化系统对灵活性的需求不断增加,传感器和执行器的功能不断增强,加上功能更强大的总线系统,为IEC 61131-3应用从现场级重新分配到所谓的计算池铺平了道路。这样的计算池是分散的,有足够的计算能力来处理大量的应用程序,同时提供所需的灵活性来快速适应应用程序需求的变化。本文提出了一个能够将IEC 61131-3应用部署到多个计算平台的框架。它基于CLR VM,不需要对IEC 61131-3应用程序进行任何修改。本文还对所提出的框架尊重工业过程实时约束的能力进行了分析。
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引用次数: 3
Requirements engineering and modelling for building automation systems 建筑自动化系统的需求工程和建模
Michelle Günther, André Scholz, P. Schmidt, A. Fay, Patrick Diekhake, Damian Eduardo Diaz Fuentes, U. Becker
The planning and layout of a building automation system is a complex process characterized by the selection, application and interconnection of multiple different functions. Planning mistakes are often not recognized before the initial operation of the building. In order to allow an earlier fault and function analysis and to ease planning, an approach for an efficient development of a functional model for the building automation system has been developed. This functional model offers not only a simulation of the building automation system but also the automatic configuration of the hardware components of the building automation system.
楼宇自动化系统的规划布局是一个复杂的过程,其特点是多种不同功能的选择、应用和互联。规划上的错误往往在建筑开始运营之前没有被认识到。为了允许更早的故障和功能分析,并简化规划,开发了一种有效开发楼宇自动化系统功能模型的方法。该功能模型不仅提供了楼宇自动化系统的仿真,而且提供了楼宇自动化系统硬件组件的自动组态。
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引用次数: 6
From AutomationML to ROS: A model-driven approach for software engineering of industrial robotics using ontological reasoning 从AutomationML到ROS:使用本体推理的工业机器人软件工程的模型驱动方法
Yingbing Hua, Stefan Zander, Mirko Bordignon, B. Hein
One of the major investment for applying industrial robots in production resides in the software development, which is an interdisciplinary and heterogeneous engineering process. This paper presents a novel model-driven approach that uses AutomationML as modeling framework and ontological reasoning as inference framework for constructing robotic application using Robot Operating System (ROS). We show how different robotic components can be classified and modeled with AutomationML, how these components can be composed together to a production system, and how the AutomationML models can be processed semantically by utilizing Semantic Web technologies and ontological reasoning. By applying model-to-text transformation techniques, executable ROS code can be generated from the models that foster fast prototyping and the reuse of robotic software.
将工业机器人应用于生产的主要投资之一是软件开发,这是一个跨学科和异构的工程过程。提出了一种以AutomationML为建模框架,本体推理为推理框架的模型驱动方法,利用机器人操作系统(ROS)构建机器人应用程序。我们展示了如何使用AutomationML对不同的机器人组件进行分类和建模,如何将这些组件组合在一起形成生产系统,以及如何利用语义Web技术和本体推理对AutomationML模型进行语义处理。通过应用模型到文本的转换技术,可执行的ROS代码可以从促进快速原型和机器人软件重用的模型中生成。
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引用次数: 33
Task planning for human robot interactive processes 人机交互过程的任务规划
Nils Wantia, Menno Esen, Andre Hengstebeck, F. Heinze, J. Roßmann, J. Deuse, B. Kuhlenkötter
One of the next steps in factory automation might not exclusively be an automation issue, but instead combining robot and human skills to further improve industrial work processes. For various reasons, there is still a low dissemination of hybrid work processes characterized by direct human robot interaction. For instance, it is very difficult to decide which manual work processes are eligible for a transformation to a human-robot interactive process. Thus, the research project MANUSERV delivers a tool to support this decision process. Here, the central concept is a task planning system capable of generating automated as well as hybrid human-robot solutions. Therefore, a structured description of manual work processes forms the input to the planning system. Subsequently, a simulation system verifies and evaluates the proposed solutions and generates the necessary information for a transformation of the planning results to a real application scenario.
工厂自动化的下一步可能不仅仅是自动化问题,而是将机器人和人类技能结合起来,进一步改善工业工作流程。由于各种原因,以人机直接交互为特征的混合工作过程的传播仍然很低。例如,很难决定哪些手工工作流程适合转换为人机交互流程。因此,研究项目MANUSERV提供了一个工具来支持这个决策过程。在这里,核心概念是一个任务规划系统,能够生成自动化以及混合人机解决方案。因此,手工工作过程的结构化描述形成了计划系统的输入。随后,仿真系统验证和评估提出的解决方案,并生成将规划结果转换为实际应用场景所需的信息。
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引用次数: 6
Material comparison and design of low cost modular tactile surface sensors for industrial manipulators 工业机械臂低成本模块化触觉表面传感器的材料比较与设计
Jan Niklas Haus, Arne Muxfeldt, Daniel Kubus
Physical human robot interaction (pHRI) in industrial manufacturing environments requires reliable environment perception capabilities usually employing multiple sensor modalities and particularly tactile sensor matrices to facilitate the management of human robot contacts. However, their high cost still impedes the large-scale integration of pHRI in manufacturing environments. To enable the development of low-cost tactile sensor matrices for pHRI applications, we examine five cost-effective piezoresistive materials w.r.t. their suitability for tactile sensor matrices. Since hysteresis and drift can severely deteriorate the performance of a tactile sensor, particular attention is paid to these properties. For the apparently best material and a very low-cost alternative, the input-output behavior is modeled using a machine learning approach. The differences in the input-output behavior of the individual taxels are comparatively low - thus significantly simplifying parameter identification and calibration.
工业制造环境中的物理人机交互(pHRI)需要可靠的环境感知能力,通常采用多种传感器模式,特别是触觉传感器矩阵,以促进人与机器人接触的管理。然而,它们的高成本仍然阻碍了pHRI在制造环境中的大规模集成。为了开发用于pHRI应用的低成本触觉传感器矩阵,我们研究了五种具有成本效益的压阻材料及其对触觉传感器矩阵的适用性。由于滞后和漂移会严重恶化触觉传感器的性能,因此需要特别注意这些特性。对于显然最好的材料和非常低成本的替代方案,使用机器学习方法对输入输出行为进行建模。个别税种投入产出行为的差异相对较低,从而大大简化了参数识别和校准。
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引用次数: 6
Translating timing requirements of Embedded Software systems modeled in Simulink to a timing analysis model 将用Simulink建模的嵌入式软件系统的时序需求转化为时序分析模型
Padma Iyenghar, Arne Noyer, Joachim Engelhardt, E. Pulvermüller
In model-based Embedded Software Engineering (ESE), individual systems are modeled with chains of components that are translated to chains of tasks/runnables for a scheduling analysis. Early analysis of response time of such systems (e.g. end-to-end path delay) provides important feedback to understand how the function blocks/components in the system may actually behave. In this paper we report on work in progress pertaining to an overall workflow for model-driven specification, translation and validation of such timing constraints in ESE projects developed using Matlab/Simulink. The challenges addressed in this workflow and future directions are outlined.
在基于模型的嵌入式软件工程(ESE)中,使用组件链对单个系统进行建模,这些组件链被转换为任务/可运行程序链,用于调度分析。对这些系统的响应时间的早期分析(例如端到端路径延迟)提供了重要的反馈,以了解系统中的功能块/组件可能实际表现如何。在本文中,我们报告了在使用Matlab/Simulink开发的ESE项目中,与模型驱动规范、翻译和验证这些时间约束的整体工作流程相关的工作进展。概述了该工作流中所面临的挑战和未来的方向。
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引用次数: 4
Aggregating OPC UA servers for monitoring manufacturing systems and mobile work machines 聚合用于监控制造系统和移动工作机器的OPC UA服务器
I. Seilonen, Tomi Tuovinen, J. Elovaara, Ian Tuomi, T. Oksanen
An aggregating server providing data access to multiple data sources is a software architecture that is often applied in industrial applications. This paper presents a design of an aggregating server based on OPC UA technology and tests it with two different experimental applications, one about production control of a flexible manufacturing system and another about remote monitoring of mobile work machines. The presented design enables transparent access to the data in the address space of the aggregating server through utilization of address space transformations. The transformations can be either configured with rules or be programmed. Feasibility of the design of the aggregating server and the applications was evaluated with experimental implementations containing both simulated devices and real work machines.
提供对多个数据源的数据访问的聚合服务器是一种经常应用于工业应用程序的软件体系结构。本文提出了一种基于OPC UA技术的聚合服务器的设计方案,并通过柔性制造系统的生产控制和移动作业设备的远程监控两种不同的实验应用对其进行了测试。所提出的设计允许通过利用地址空间转换透明地访问聚合服务器地址空间中的数据。可以使用规则配置转换,也可以对转换进行编程。通过模拟设备和实际工作机的实验实现,对聚合服务器设计和应用的可行性进行了评估。
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引用次数: 26
期刊
2016 IEEE 21st International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)
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