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2014 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks最新文献

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An Energy Efficient Routing with Range Switching in WSN 无线传感器网络中带距离交换的节能路由
T. Agrawal, R. S. Kushwah, R. S. Tomar
Wireless sensor networks represent an innovative prototype for extracting data from the environment for various applications. It consist of various sensors which send their sensed data to base station. So energy preservation is a key issue for sensor nodes as they have restricted power. This has led to a number of routing scheme for maximizing the network lifetime. In this paper we have enhanced the energy utilization efficiently with "Range Switching". Here, we have further applied range switching technique at its best rate to the Gradient based routing Protocol for enhancing the performance, which shows the potential gain in its throughput.
无线传感器网络代表了从各种应用环境中提取数据的创新原型。它由各种传感器组成,这些传感器将其感知到的数据发送到基站。由于传感器节点的功率有限,因此能量保存是一个关键问题。这就产生了许多最大化网络生命周期的路由方案。在本文中,我们通过“范围切换”有效地提高了能源利用率。在此,我们进一步将最佳速率的范围交换技术应用于基于梯度的路由协议,以提高其性能,这显示了其吞吐量的潜在增益。
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引用次数: 8
Power Optimization of Sequential Circuit Based ALU Using Gated Clock & Pulse Enable Logic 时序电路中基于门控时钟的ALU功率优化脉冲使能逻辑
G. Shrivastava, Shivendra Singh
The main aim of this work is to study and show power reduction by using clock gating techniques with pulse enable concept. In this two 8 bit input data and a MUX 4:1 for selection of instruction which is a combination of logic and arithmetic operation's and total of 11 instruction are performed in the proposed design. This technique is applied on the D Flip-Flop based gated clock ALU & negative latch based gated ALU at RTL level. At different operating frequency 100MHZ, 200MHZ, 300MHZ, 500MHZ, 700MHZ, the percentage of dissipated power 1.02%, 1.15%, 1.24%, 1.49%, 1.63% respectively reduced in negative latch based gated clock ALU with respect to D flip-flop based gated clock ALU. The percentage of reduction is achieved in 1ns, 2ns, 3ns, 5ns, and 10ns clock period respectively. This paper is focused on the optimization of power by implementing pulse enable gated clock, after doing the operation by arithmetic and logic unit through gated clock approach, consumed power is slightly greater than the required power which is used to generate in gated clock signal. Xilinx 14.2 has been used as ISE in which vertex 6 is 40nm technology FPGA, 1 volt with Xc6vlx240t family. The negative flip flop is best for this design as less number of gate counts and also area is less.
本工作的主要目的是研究并展示通过使用脉冲使能概念的时钟门控技术来降低功耗。在此基础上设计了2个8位输入数据和一个MUX 4:1的逻辑运算和算术运算相结合的指令选择,共11条指令。该技术应用于基于D触发器的门控时钟ALU和基于负锁存器的RTL级门控ALU。在100MHZ、200MHZ、300MHZ、500MHZ、700MHZ不同的工作频率下,基于负锁存器的门控时钟ALU相对于基于D触发器的门控时钟ALU的耗散功率百分比分别降低了1.02%、1.15%、1.24%、1.49%、1.63%。减少的百分比分别在1ns, 2ns, 3ns, 5ns和10ns时钟周期内实现。本文的重点是实现脉冲使能门控时钟的功率优化,通过门控时钟的方法,通过算术和逻辑单元进行运算后,消耗的功率略大于产生门控时钟信号所需的功率。Xilinx 14.2已被用作ISE,其中顶点6是40nm技术FPGA, 1伏与Xc6vlx240t系列。负触发器最适合这种设计,因为门数较少,面积也较小。
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引用次数: 6
On Some Generalized Relations 关于一些广义关系
B. Tripathy, M. Satapathy, P. K. Choudhury
Crisp set relations have been generalised to fuzzy relations, intuitionistic fuzzy relations, rough relations and also some hybrid relations related to these notions. Rough set is a fruitful model to capture imprecision in data. There are two approaches to the rough set notion. The approach by Pawlak is topological by nature and the approach of Iwinski is algebraic by nature. In this paper we define several generalised relations where the rough set definition considered is that of Iwinski and prove many properties of these relations. These relations can be used in different fields of computer science like, databases, artificial intelligence, granular computing and soft computing. We illustrate by example the structures of most of the concepts introduced in the paper.
脆集关系被推广到模糊关系、直觉模糊关系、粗糙关系以及与这些概念相关的一些混合关系。粗糙集是捕获数据不精确的有效模型。粗糙集概念有两种方法。Pawlak的方法本质上是拓扑的,Iwinski的方法本质上是代数的。本文定义了几个考虑Iwinski粗糙集定义的广义关系,并证明了这些关系的许多性质。这些关系可用于计算机科学的不同领域,如数据库、人工智能、颗粒计算和软计算。我们用实例来说明文中介绍的大部分概念的结构。
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引用次数: 0
Application of Pixel Intensity Based Medical Image Segmentation Using NSGA II Based Opti MUSIG Activation Function 基于NSGA II的Opti MUSIG激活函数在医学图像像素强度分割中的应用
S. De, S. Bhattacharyya, Susanta Chakraborty
Medical image segmentation is a challenging task for analyzing the magnetic resonance (MRI) images. These type of images contain missing or diffuse organ/tissue boundaries due to poor image contrast. Medical image segmentation can be addressed effectively by genetic algorithms (GAs). In this article, an application of pixel intensity based medical image segmentation is presented by the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA II) based optimized MUSIG (Opti MUSIG) activation function with a multilayer self organizing neural network (MLSONN) architecture. This method is compared with the process of medical image segmentation by the MUSIG activation function with the MLSONN architecture. Both the methods are applied on two real life MRI images. The comparison shows that NSGA II based Opti MUSIG activation function performs better medical image segmentation than the MUSIG activation function based method.
医学图像分割是磁共振(MRI)图像分析中一项具有挑战性的任务。由于图像对比度差,此类图像包含缺失或弥漫性器官/组织边界。遗传算法可以有效地解决医学图像分割问题。本文提出了一种基于多层自组织神经网络(MLSONN)结构的非支配排序遗传算法-II (NSGA II)优化MUSIG (Opti MUSIG)激活函数在基于像素强度的医学图像分割中的应用。将该方法与基于MLSONN结构的MUSIG激活函数的医学图像分割过程进行了比较。这两种方法都应用于两个真实的MRI图像。对比表明,基于NSGA II的Opti MUSIG激活函数比基于MUSIG激活函数的方法具有更好的医学图像分割效果。
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引用次数: 3
Research on Interactive Simulation Software Is Applied to Foreign Language Teaching Based on Delphi 基于Delphi的交互式仿真软件在外语教学中的应用研究
Wei Wei
This paper describes the process of design and implementation of multimedia foreign language teaching simulation software is an open system, the simulation of the software system can realize multi computer courses in foreign language, practice. Course selection, foreign language selection method using menu, each foreign language simulation with animation, pictures and text forms, which uses the material is in the form of documents, and is easy to realize dynamic adding, modifying, lookup and update.
本文介绍了多媒体外语教学仿真软件的设计与实现过程,是一个开放式系统,该软件系统可以实现多机外语课程的仿真、实践。课程选课、外语选课等方法采用菜单,各外语模拟采用动画、图片、文字等形式,所使用的材料均以文档的形式呈现,易于实现动态添加、修改、查找和更新。
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引用次数: 0
Intrusion Detection in Online Controller of Digital Microfluidic Biochips 数字微流控生物芯片在线控制器的入侵检测
Sudeep Basu, S. Saha, Indrajit Pan
Efficient and cost optimal feature of micro fluidic based biochips are inspiring in automation of clinical diagnostics. Many laboratory oriented biochemical tests are transfigured into on chip operations. Droplet based micro fluidic is a sub-category of micro fluidic sciences. Actually this type of fluidic device is capable of manipulating multiple droplets concurrently. The main aim of droplet routing in a Digital Micro fluidic Biochip (DMFB) is to find an efficient path for each droplet from a designated source electrode to a destination electrode under different fluidic and static constraints of micro fluidic operations. The whole operation can be make more scalable and controlled through a programmable intelligent controller. In order to match up with the current needs and required flexibility of commercial applications, this intelligent controller has to take care of many issues like pin optimization, cross reference minimization and contamination detection during routing. This makes the task of intelligent controller quite complex and challenging. These online controllers need to control multiple biochip boards at different time intervals to promote optimum resource and time utilization. However, online controllers are very susceptible to wide range of cyber attacks. In recent literature, varieties of cyber physical attacks have been reported which cause remarkable impairment on the operation of physical system. This proposed method is able to adjudge such malicious operations at the physical system level. This will help to monitor the behavior of the physical operation and can stall it under any abnormality in operation. Experimental findings show that the proposed technique can detect the errors and superfluous operations accurately with minimum consumption of computing resources. Comparative performance of error detection efficiency shows betterment over the existing methods.
微流控生物芯片高效、低成本的特点对临床诊断自动化具有启发意义。许多实验室导向的生化测试都变成了芯片操作。基于液滴的微流体是微流体科学的一个分支。实际上,这种流体装置能够同时操纵多个液滴。数字微流体生物芯片(DMFB)中液滴路径的主要目的是在微流体操作的不同流体和静态约束下,为每个液滴从指定的源电极到目标电极找到一条有效的路径。通过可编程智能控制器使整个操作更具可扩展性和可控性。为了满足当前需求和商业应用所需的灵活性,这种智能控制器必须考虑许多问题,如引脚优化,交叉参考最小化和路由过程中的污染检测。这使得智能控制器的任务非常复杂和具有挑战性。这些在线控制器需要以不同的时间间隔控制多个生物芯片板,以促进最佳的资源和时间利用率。然而,在线控制器非常容易受到广泛的网络攻击。在最近的文献中,各种各样的网络物理攻击被报道,这些攻击对物理系统的运行造成了显著的损害。该方法能够在物理系统级别判断此类恶意操作。这将有助于监控物理操作的行为,并可以在任何异常情况下停止操作。实验结果表明,该方法可以在最小的计算资源消耗下准确地检测出错误和多余的操作。误差检测效率的比较表明,该方法比现有方法有较大的提高。
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引用次数: 4
Comparative Analysis of IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE 802.15.6 Standards IEEE 802.15.4和IEEE 802.15.6标准对比分析
Manvir Singh, A. Verma
A Wireless Personal Area Network is a network of interconnecting devices centered around an individual's work space. Wireless Sensor Networks as well as Body Area Networks can be used in a Wireless Personal Area Network. The IEEE 802.15 group is specifically concentrated on the standardization of the Wireless Personal Area Networks and also categorizes Wireless Sensor Networks (low powered) in the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. Body Area Networks are defined by the IEEE 802.15.6 standard. In this paper, both IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE 802.15.6 are used on a similar setup with same parameters in order to study the outcome which may arise due to this type of implementation as it may be interesting to gauge the performance of a system of devices meant for a particular standard used with another standard.
无线个人区域网络是一个以个人工作空间为中心的互连设备网络。无线传感器网络和身体区域网络都可以用于无线个人区域网络。IEEE 802.15小组特别关注无线个人区域网络的标准化,并在IEEE 802.15.4标准中对无线传感器网络(低功耗)进行了分类。体域网络是由IEEE 802.15.6标准定义的。在本文中,IEEE 802.15.4和IEEE 802.15.6都用于具有相同参数的类似设置,以便研究由于这种类型的实现可能产生的结果,因为衡量用于特定标准的设备系统的性能与另一个标准一起使用可能很有趣。
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引用次数: 6
Evaluation of the Greedy Recovery Strategy in VANETs VANETs中贪心回收策略的评价
D. Nithya, N. Kumari
Routing in Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) plays a vital role data dissemination. Proactive and reactive routing of Mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) does not suit VANET owing to higher mobility. Hence researchers have proposed geographic routing protocols which are location based. They do not depend on routing tables as in MANET. These routing protocols have been classified into: Delay Tolerant (DTN), Non Delay Tolerant (N-DTN) and Hybrid. Most of the routing protocols in N-DTN follow greedy strategy. In scenarios where immediate neighbor towards the destination is not available, greedy mode fails. To overcome this researchers have come up with several recovery strategies. This paper focuses on the performance evaluation of the recovery strategy adopted by the various greedy routing protocols proposed for VANETs.
路由在车载自组网(VANET)中起着至关重要的作用。由于移动自组织网络(MANET)具有较高的移动性,因此主动和被动路由不适合VANET。因此,研究人员提出了基于位置的地理路由协议。它们不像在MANET中那样依赖于路由表。这些路由协议可分为:延迟容忍(DTN)、非延迟容忍(N-DTN)和混合路由协议。N-DTN中的路由协议大多采用贪心策略。在到目的地的近邻不可用的情况下,贪婪模式失败。为了克服这个问题,研究人员提出了几种恢复策略。本文重点研究了针对VANETs提出的各种贪心路由协议所采用的恢复策略的性能评价。
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引用次数: 0
Detailed Evaluation of DEM Interpolation Methods in GIS Using DGPS Data 基于DGPS数据的GIS DEM插值方法的详细评价
C. A. Rishikeshan, S. Katiyar, V. N. Vishnu Mahesh
Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is a numerical representation of topography and is made up of equal-sized grid cells, each with a value of elevation. The DEMs that were generated from the spot heights by general interpolation techniques namely Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), Kriging, Topo to Raster, Natural Neighbor (NN) and Spline approaches have been compared. The relative performance of each method depends on various ground parameters and spatial distribution of sampling points. In this research investigation, performance of the above mentioned five interpolation methods have been evaluated by generating and validating the DEM from Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) data in the ArcGIS software. With respect to our sample observations' spatial distribution and densities, the investigation results have shown that IDW method is giving better performance in plane and mild slope area, Natural Neighbor provides better performance in steep slope and whole area as compared to other methods.
数字高程模型(DEM)是地形的数字表示,由大小相等的网格单元组成,每个网格单元都有一个高程值。比较了常用插值方法(逆距离加权法、Kriging法、Topo to Raster法、自然邻域法和样条法)对斑点高度产生的dem。每种方法的相对性能取决于各种地面参数和采样点的空间分布。本研究通过在ArcGIS软件中对差分全球定位系统(DGPS)数据生成DEM并进行验证,对上述五种插值方法的性能进行了评价。就样本观测的空间分布和密度而言,调查结果表明,IDW法在平面和缓坡区域具有较好的效果,而Natural Neighbor法在陡坡和全区域具有较好的效果。
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引用次数: 17
Enhancing Arabic Question Answering System 加强阿拉伯语问答系统
Aml Ibrahim Kamal, Mostafa Abd Azim, M. Mahmoud
During the last few decades many Arabic question answering systems have been developed. These systems may extract answers from texts or web-pages. None of these systems make use of question answering database where user can present questions in natural language which differ from the stored questions. The proposed system uses information retrieval approaches to get to the closest answers to the input question, so the system gives partially or totally correct answers. The Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) is implemented to enhance the resultant selections. Arabic natural language processing is used in the proposed system along with LSI.
在过去的几十年里,许多阿拉伯语问答系统被开发出来。这些系统可以从文本或网页中提取答案。这些系统都没有使用问答数据库,用户可以用不同于存储问题的自然语言提出问题。提出的系统使用信息检索方法来获得与输入问题最接近的答案,因此系统给出部分或完全正确的答案。采用潜在语义索引(LSI)来增强结果选择。该系统采用阿拉伯语自然语言处理和大规模集成电路。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
2014 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks
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