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2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)最新文献

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An Improved Genetic Algorithm with Local Search for Solving the DJSSP with New Dynamic Events 一种改进的局部搜索遗传算法求解带有新动态事件的DJSSP
K. Ali, A. Telmoudi, Said Gattoufi
This paper addresses an improved Genetic Algorithm (GA) combined with local search technique to solve the dynamic job shop scheduling problem (DJSSP) with new job arrivals and change in processing time. The objective function is the minimization of the makespan known to be one of the performance criterion used to optimize manufacturing system requirements. To enhance the scheduling process, a rescheduling strategy is used to solve dynamic disturbances. Various problems including the number of jobs, the number of machines and the number of new job arrivals are compared with a collection of state of the art Dispatching Rules(DRs) and other metrics. Obtained results are satisfactory for rescheduling of new job arrivals, change in processing time and makespan minimization.
本文提出了一种结合局部搜索技术的改进遗传算法,用于解决具有新作业到达和加工时间变化的动态作业车间调度问题。目标函数是最大完工时间的最小化,这是用于优化制造系统需求的性能标准之一。为了提高调度效率,采用重调度策略来解决动态干扰。各种各样的问题,包括工作的数量,机器的数量和新工作到达的数量,与最先进的调度规则(dr)和其他指标的集合进行比较。所得结果对于新作业的重新调度、加工时间的改变和最大完工时间的最小化都是令人满意的。
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引用次数: 5
Genetic Algorithm for Scheduling Time-Triggered Traffic in Time-Sensitive Networks 时间敏感网络中时间触发流量调度的遗传算法
Maryam Pahlevan, R. Obermaisser
Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) is introduced as a series of Ethernet extensions to address strict temporal constraints of modern mission-critical applications. TSN offers determinism using global Time-Triggered (TT) transmission schedules. Most of existing scheduling solutions ignore interdependence of routing and scheduling problems and derive the design space of system implementations only from scheduling constraints. This strategy limits the capability of former approaches to compute a global schedule of TT communication for several real-time systems. In this paper, we present a heuristic scheduling approach based on a genetic algorithm. Our approach combines the routing and scheduling constraints and generates static global schedules using joint constraints in a single-step. The number of scheduling possibilities within the design space that is derived from joint routing and scheduling constraints increases in comparison to the approaches that only use the fixed routing. Thereby, the schedulability is improved by our solution. Our genetic-based approach also considers the distribution of real-time applications, multicast patterns and interdependencies of TT flows in the scheduling process. Due to optimized task binding and resource allocation, the experimental results show a significant enhancement of schedulability, TT transmission efficiency and resource utilization compared to the state-of-art solutions.
时间敏感网络(TSN)作为一系列以太网扩展引入,以解决现代关键任务应用程序的严格时间限制。TSN使用全局时间触发(TT)传输调度提供确定性。现有的调度方案大多忽略了路由和调度问题的相互依赖性,只从调度约束中推导出系统实现的设计空间。这种策略限制了以前的方法计算多个实时系统的全局TT通信调度的能力。本文提出了一种基于遗传算法的启发式调度方法。我们的方法结合了路由和调度约束,并在单步中使用联合约束生成静态全局调度。与仅使用固定路由的方法相比,来自联合路由和调度约束的设计空间内调度可能性的数量增加了。因此,我们的解决方案提高了可调度性。我们基于遗传的方法还考虑了实时应用的分布、多播模式和调度过程中TT流的相互依赖性。由于优化了任务绑定和资源分配,实验结果表明,与目前的解决方案相比,该方案在可调度性、TT传输效率和资源利用率方面有显著提高。
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引用次数: 52
A Prototype Implementation of Wi-Fi Seamless Redundancy with Reactive Duplication Avoidance 基于响应式重复避免的Wi-Fi无缝冗余的原型实现
G. Cena, S. Scanzio, A. Valenzano
Applying link-level seamless redundancy to Wi-Fi noticeably ameliorates communication quality, but also doubles spectrum consumption. The adoption of mechanisms, operating at runtime, aimed at preventing the transmission on air of inessential frame copies, permits to lower the generated traffic tangibly and also improves behavior further. In this paper, a prototype setup is described, based on redundant Wi-Fi, which carries out reactive duplication avoidance completely in software. This makes it mostly independent from wireless adapters hardware. An experimental evaluation of its performance showed that, although implementation is preliminary, this solution is able to outperform plain seamless redundancy.
将链路级无缝冗余应用于Wi-Fi显著改善了通信质量,但也使频谱消耗增加了一倍。采用在运行时运行的机制,旨在防止不必要的帧副本在空中传输,从而可以切实降低产生的流量,并进一步改善行为。本文描述了一种基于冗余Wi-Fi的原型装置,该装置在软件中完全实现了反应性重复避免。这使得它基本上独立于无线适配器硬件。对其性能的实验评估表明,虽然实现是初步的,但该解决方案能够优于普通的无缝冗余。
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引用次数: 8
Particulate Matter Monitoring in Mixed Indoor/Outdoor Industrial Applications: A Case Study 室内/室外混合工业应用中的颗粒物监测:一个案例研究
Edoardo Giusto, R. Ferrero, F. Gandino, B. Montrucchio, M. Rebaudengo, Mingyang Zhang
Air pollution, in particular due to particulate matter, is considered a critical issue, and it is receiving ever growing attention. Environmental monitoring is not limited to the outdoor case in crowded cities, but it is also usefully applied to indoor cases such as factories and offices, or in indoor/outdoor mixed case, such as construction sites or in general industrial plants. This paper describes the case study of an environmental monitoring system, which is compliant with Internet of Things domain. In particular it is suitable for indoor/outdoor industrial applications focused on Particulate Matter measurements. In order to create a reference model, a PM10/PM2.5 sensor not yet tested in literature is used, the Honeywell HPMA115S0-XXX. Four PM10/PM2.5 sensors are used together to test repeatability. This device turned out to be effective in esteeming the level of pollution using low cost sensors, as an alternative to expensive and not portable professional devices. The implementation proposed in this paper is able to give high R values of linear regression, guaranteeing at the same time low cost in terms of hardware and low power consumption.
空气污染,特别是由颗粒物造成的空气污染,被认为是一个严重的问题,它正受到越来越多的关注。环境监测不仅局限于拥挤城市的室外环境,也适用于工厂和办公室等室内环境,或建筑工地或一般工业厂房等室内外混合环境。本文介绍了一种符合物联网领域的环境监测系统的实例研究。特别是它适用于室内/室外工业应用侧重于颗粒物测量。为了创建参考模型,使用了尚未在文献中测试过的PM10/PM2.5传感器,Honeywell HPMA115S0-XXX。四个PM10/PM2.5传感器一起使用来测试可重复性。事实证明,这种设备在使用低成本传感器检测污染水平方面是有效的,可以替代昂贵且不便携的专业设备。本文提出的实现能够给出较高的线性回归R值,同时保证了低硬件成本和低功耗。
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引用次数: 3
IoT-Based Distributed Networked Control Systems Architecture 基于物联网的分布式网络控制系统架构
Carlos Neves, U. Moreno, A. Boava
Many technological areas have been affected by the appearance of the internet of Things (IoT). This phenomenon is happening because applications such as smart cities, smart grids, smart buildings, smart homes, industry, transportation, healthcare and surveillance are being adapted to a new paradigm for adaptability, modularity, heterogeneity, scalability, optimization and decentralization. In this sense, several IoT architectures are being proposed for the applications that are inserted in this new technological development, with the most recent approaches being based on the Software Defined Network (SDN). Therefore, to follow this technological development, there is a need to implement the applications of control systems in this new scenario, which imposes challenges to be overcome, such as nondeterministic networks, latency, jitter, bandwidth, packet loss and interoperability. The focus of this work is on how to combine Distributed Networked Control Systems (DNCS) and IoT to meet this new technological context. However, the first step to be taken is to define the topology of IoT-based Networked Control Systems (IoT-DNCS), then develop a suitable system architecture to make control systems via the Internet of Things possible. Therefore, this article aims to propose a problem formulation and a simple and general architecture for IoT-DNCS, specifying the function of each element of the system according to the topology of the problem, and the organization of them to implement the control loops between sensors, controllers and actuators. The architecture proposed in this paper serves as a starting point for studies on new strategies and structures for network and feedback control systems.
物联网(IoT)的出现影响了许多技术领域。之所以会出现这种现象,是因为智能城市、智能电网、智能建筑、智能家居、工业、交通、医疗和监控等应用正在适应适应性、模块化、异构性、可扩展性、优化和去中心化的新范式。从这个意义上说,针对这种新技术发展中插入的应用程序,正在提出几种物联网架构,最新的方法是基于软件定义网络(SDN)。因此,为了跟上这一技术发展,需要在这种新场景中实现控制系统的应用,这带来了需要克服的挑战,例如不确定性网络、延迟、抖动、带宽、数据包丢失和互操作性。这项工作的重点是如何将分布式网络控制系统(dnc)和物联网结合起来,以满足这种新的技术背景。然而,要采取的第一步是定义基于物联网的网络控制系统(iot - dnc)的拓扑结构,然后开发一个合适的系统架构,使通过物联网的控制系统成为可能。因此,本文旨在提出iot - dnc的问题表述和简单通用的体系结构,根据问题的拓扑结构明确系统各要素的功能,并组织各要素实现传感器、控制器和执行器之间的控制回路。本文提出的体系结构为研究网络和反馈控制系统的新策略和新结构提供了一个起点。
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引用次数: 7
Maintenance 4.0: Intelligent and Predictive Maintenance System Architecture 维护4.0:智能预测性维护系统架构
A. Cachada, J. Barbosa, P. Leitão, Carla A. S. Gcraldcs, Leonel Deusdado, J. Costa, Carlos Teixeira, J. Teixeira, António H. J. Moreira, Pedro Miguel, Luís Romero
In the current manufacturing world, the role of maintenance has been receiving increasingly more attention while companies understand that maintenance, when well performed, can be a strategic factor to achieve the corporate goals. The latest trends of maintenance leans towards the predictive approach, exemplified by the Prognosis and Health Management (PHM) and the Condition-based Maintenance (CBM) techniques. The implementation of such approaches demands a well structured architecture and can be boosted through the use of emergent ICT technologies, namely Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, advanced data analytics and augmented reality. Therefore, this paper describes the architecture of an intelligent and predictive maintenance system, aligned with Industry 4.0 principles, that considers advanced and online analysis of the collected data for the earlier detection of the occurrence of possible machine failures, and supports technicians during the maintenance interventions by providing a guided intelligent decision support.
在当前的制造业中,维护的作用受到越来越多的关注,而公司也明白,如果维护执行良好,可以成为实现公司目标的战略因素。最新的维修趋势倾向于预测方法,例如预后和健康管理(PHM)和基于状态的维修(CBM)技术。这些方法的实施需要一个结构良好的架构,并可以通过使用新兴的信息通信技术,即物联网(IoT)、云计算、先进的数据分析和增强现实来促进。因此,本文描述了一个符合工业4.0原则的智能和预测性维护系统的架构,该系统考虑对收集的数据进行高级和在线分析,以便更早地检测可能发生的机器故障,并通过提供指导式智能决策支持,在维护干预期间为技术人员提供支持。
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引用次数: 97
WIP Complex Engineering Systems and Systems Engineering 在制品复杂工程系统和系统工程
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引用次数: 0
Decentralized omnidirectional route planning and reservation for highly flexible material flow systems with small-scaled conveyor modules 具有小型输送模块的高柔性物料流系统的分散全向路线规划和保留
M. B. Firvida, Hendrik Thamer, C. Uriarte, M. Freitag
The new challenging demands of the current market must be satisfied by modern material flow systems, with higher levels of flexibility and reliability. However, the current material flow systems are not capable to fully fulfill these new requirements and therefore, new approaches must be explored, focusing on mechanical modularization, interface standardization and decentralized control. In this paper, an algorithm is proposed for a decentralized omnidirectional route planning and reservation for small-scaled material flow systems in the three regular tessellations, namely equilateral triangles, squares and regular hexagons. It is believed that the developed algorithm will facilitate the profitable realization of highly flexible material flow systems required by new market demands, by increasing flexibility, robustness as well as the range of achievable logistic tasks. For the evaluation of the presented system's behavior, a multi-agent-based simulation-tool was developed. The promising results show the capabilities and potential of the system.
现代物流系统具有更高的灵活性和可靠性,必须满足当前市场的新挑战需求。然而,目前的物流系统还不能完全满足这些新的要求,因此,必须探索新的方法,重点是机械模块化,接口标准化和分散控制。本文提出了一种基于正三角形、正方形和正六边形三种正多边形的小尺度物料流系统的分散全向路线规划与预留算法。相信所开发的算法将通过增加灵活性、鲁棒性以及可实现的物流任务范围,促进新市场需求所需的高度灵活的物流系统的盈利实现。为了评估系统的行为,开发了一个基于多智能体的仿真工具。良好的结果显示了该系统的能力和潜力。
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引用次数: 5
A Data Provenance based Architecture to Enhance the Reliability of Data Analysis for Industry 4.0 基于数据来源的架构,提高工业4.0数据分析的可靠性
Peng Li, O. Niggemann
Integrating data analysis into workflows is a recent tendency in manufacturing sectors. According to the vision of Industry 4.0, data analysis can be automatically performed at any point of workflows if needed. In distributed and complex manufacturing systems, checking the integrity of data analysis processes is becoming more and more challenging and the dependency between (intermediate) analysis results is no more easy to understand for users involved in workflows. Therefore, a mechanism is desired, which is able to assist users in tracking and verifying distributed data analysis processes. In this paper, we extend the concept “data provenance” in the manufacturing domain to acquire information about the data origin and data changes. Furthermore, an architecture is proposed to manage provenance of process data, in which the data provenance is considered as annotation of process data. Different use cases are also given to show how data provenance can have impact on understanding and verifying data analysis processes in the manufacturing domain.
将数据分析集成到工作流程中是制造业最近的趋势。根据工业4.0的愿景,如果需要,可以在工作流程的任何点自动执行数据分析。在分布式和复杂的制造系统中,检查数据分析过程的完整性变得越来越具有挑战性,并且(中间)分析结果之间的依赖性对于参与工作流的用户来说不再容易理解。因此,需要一种能够帮助用户跟踪和验证分布式数据分析过程的机制。在本文中,我们将“数据来源”的概念扩展到制造领域,以获取有关数据来源和数据变化的信息。在此基础上,提出了一种过程数据来源管理体系结构,将数据来源视为过程数据的注释。还给出了不同的用例,以显示数据来源如何对理解和验证制造领域中的数据分析过程产生影响。
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引用次数: 3
TSN-Enabled OPC UA in Field Devices 现场设备中启用tsn的OPC UA
Alexander Gogolev, Francisco Mendoza, Roland Braun
The paradigm of “Industry 4.0” suggests that industrial automation systems will converge towards unified and standardized solutions. The concept of Industrial IoT, in turn, drives to interconnect them via deterministic networking. The alliance of these concepts promises to simplify the integration and management of complex multi-vendor automation systems. This paper investigates the emergence of the former aspect, namely - field device integration with the embedded OPC UA over TSN, using already available products.
“工业4.0”的范式表明,工业自动化系统将向统一和标准化的解决方案融合。反过来,工业物联网的概念推动了它们通过确定性网络相互连接。这些概念的结合有望简化复杂的多厂商自动化系统的集成和管理。本文研究了前一个方面的出现,即现场设备与嵌入式OPC UA在TSN上的集成,使用已有的产品。
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引用次数: 23
期刊
2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)
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