Pub Date : 2018-05-27DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351697
Sijia Geng, I. Hiskens
Trajectory sensitivity analysis has been widely used to analyze the dynamic behaviour of complex systems such as power system. It is common to use first-order sensitivities, which have been fully described for hybrid dynamical system. However, second-order trajectory sensitivities have only been analyzed for continuous systems. This paper derives the jump conditions describing the behaviour of second-order trajectory sensitivities at switching and reset events. This enables second-order sensitivity analysis of general hybrid dynamical systems. The jump conditions are illustrated using a simple power system example and the results are compared with first-order sensitivities. It is shown that incorporating second-order sensitivity increases the accuracy of trajectory approximation.
{"title":"Jump Conditions for Second-Order Trajectory Sensitivities at Events","authors":"Sijia Geng, I. Hiskens","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351697","url":null,"abstract":"Trajectory sensitivity analysis has been widely used to analyze the dynamic behaviour of complex systems such as power system. It is common to use first-order sensitivities, which have been fully described for hybrid dynamical system. However, second-order trajectory sensitivities have only been analyzed for continuous systems. This paper derives the jump conditions describing the behaviour of second-order trajectory sensitivities at switching and reset events. This enables second-order sensitivity analysis of general hybrid dynamical systems. The jump conditions are illustrated using a simple power system example and the results are compared with first-order sensitivities. It is shown that incorporating second-order sensitivity increases the accuracy of trajectory approximation.","PeriodicalId":6569,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","volume":"48 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85473896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-27DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8350965
D. S. Mehta, Shoushun Chen
A star sensor has become one of the most widely used attitude sensors for the satellite missions in the past decade. When no prior attitude information is available, it operates in a Lost-in-space (LIS) mode. The star pattern recognition technique forms the most crucial part of star sensor in the LIS mode. In this paper, we propose a novel star pattern recognition technique for an LIS mode star sensor. Firstly, a discrete sample signal is formed from the features extracted from the star image. Later, a 1D FFT is applied on the discrete sample signal. Finally, a binary pattern is formed from the relative magnitude of consecutive FFT coefficients for finding a match between the image and the database. Experiments are performed on simulated star images with missing and false stars. The proposed approach robustly maintains the identification accuracy to 97% on the swayed and biased simulated images.
{"title":"A Star Pattern Recognition Technique Based on the Binary Pattern Formed from the FFT Coefficients","authors":"D. S. Mehta, Shoushun Chen","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8350965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8350965","url":null,"abstract":"A star sensor has become one of the most widely used attitude sensors for the satellite missions in the past decade. When no prior attitude information is available, it operates in a Lost-in-space (LIS) mode. The star pattern recognition technique forms the most crucial part of star sensor in the LIS mode. In this paper, we propose a novel star pattern recognition technique for an LIS mode star sensor. Firstly, a discrete sample signal is formed from the features extracted from the star image. Later, a 1D FFT is applied on the discrete sample signal. Finally, a binary pattern is formed from the relative magnitude of consecutive FFT coefficients for finding a match between the image and the database. Experiments are performed on simulated star images with missing and false stars. The proposed approach robustly maintains the identification accuracy to 97% on the swayed and biased simulated images.","PeriodicalId":6569,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","volume":"67 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85691033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A novel ΔΣ time-to-digital converter (TDC) with a time mode accumulator and a multi-bit quantizer is proposed in this work. Measurement time is reduced when compared with single-bit ΔΣ TDCs. A time difference adder consisting of gated delay-line based time-registers is used to serve as the time accumulator. A dynamic element matching algorithm is implemented to mitigate the performance loss degraded by the non-linearity of the multi-bit quantizer. The TDC is designed and simulated using a 65nm CMOS process and operates at a 100MHz sampling rate. For a 1.25MHz bandwidth, 108fsrms integrated noise or 2.4ps equivalent resolution is achieved. The power consumption is only 0.45 mW and the figure of merit (FoM) is calculated to be 154fJ/step.
{"title":"A 108fsrms 0.45mW 100MS/s 1.25MHz bandwidth multi-bit ΔΣ time-to-digital converter with dynamic element matching","authors":"Yinxuan Lyu, Jianhua Feng, Chenfeng Tu, Linqi Shi, Hongfei Ye, Weixin Gai, Dunshan Yu","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351184","url":null,"abstract":"A novel ΔΣ time-to-digital converter (TDC) with a time mode accumulator and a multi-bit quantizer is proposed in this work. Measurement time is reduced when compared with single-bit ΔΣ TDCs. A time difference adder consisting of gated delay-line based time-registers is used to serve as the time accumulator. A dynamic element matching algorithm is implemented to mitigate the performance loss degraded by the non-linearity of the multi-bit quantizer. The TDC is designed and simulated using a 65nm CMOS process and operates at a 100MHz sampling rate. For a 1.25MHz bandwidth, 108fsrms integrated noise or 2.4ps equivalent resolution is achieved. The power consumption is only 0.45 mW and the figure of merit (FoM) is calculated to be 154fJ/step.","PeriodicalId":6569,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82244153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-27DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351182
Adel Alganidi, G. Moschopoulos
Flyback Converters are widely used in many applications because of their simplicity. They can be implemented by using active or passive snubbers. Passive snubbers considered to be cheaper but less efficient. The recent development of regenerative energy passive snubbers has resulted in more efficient passive snubbers. Two different passive regenerative energy snubbers are examined in this paper — a previously proposed snubber and a variation of this snubber that has been modified by the authors. In this paper, the operation of the two converters is explained and experimental results and efficiency curves obtained from prototype converters are then presented. Based on the efficiency curves, conclusions are made about the relative efficiency of the two snubbers.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Two Passive Regenerative Snubbers for Flyback Converters","authors":"Adel Alganidi, G. Moschopoulos","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351182","url":null,"abstract":"Flyback Converters are widely used in many applications because of their simplicity. They can be implemented by using active or passive snubbers. Passive snubbers considered to be cheaper but less efficient. The recent development of regenerative energy passive snubbers has resulted in more efficient passive snubbers. Two different passive regenerative energy snubbers are examined in this paper — a previously proposed snubber and a variation of this snubber that has been modified by the authors. In this paper, the operation of the two converters is explained and experimental results and efficiency curves obtained from prototype converters are then presented. Based on the efficiency curves, conclusions are made about the relative efficiency of the two snubbers.","PeriodicalId":6569,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79885147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-27DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351502
Axel Hanuschek, Martin Hantschke, I. Triantis, D. Sideris
Electrophoresis is a versatile method for the separation and analysis of proteins, DNA or RNA and other analytes. The applied electric field induces electric currents which generate Joule heating due to the buffer solution's resistance. The generated heat changes the mobility and diffusion coefficient of the analytes and therefore it degrades the system's performance. In order to investigate the spatial profile of temperature variations during electrophoresis, a comprehensive microfluidic system was modelled and validated. The physical characteristics such as electric field, current density, temperature generation, heat transfer and fluid flow were simulated in a vertical and horizontal two-dimensional working plane along the separation channel. An optimization study identified potential for improvement in order to reduce high temperature gradients and improve the heat transfer away from the separation channel. Due to the low thermal conductivity of air, a reduction in the chip thickness leads to an increase in temperature when not deploying sufficient cooling. Attaching a copper plate results in a maximal reduction of 49.1% due to its high thermal conductivity, while an active cooling 5°C below room temperature allows for an efficient heat dissipation resulting in 107% reduction in the highest temperature value.
{"title":"Simulation of Temperature Profiles due to Joule Heating in Microfluidic Systems","authors":"Axel Hanuschek, Martin Hantschke, I. Triantis, D. Sideris","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351502","url":null,"abstract":"Electrophoresis is a versatile method for the separation and analysis of proteins, DNA or RNA and other analytes. The applied electric field induces electric currents which generate Joule heating due to the buffer solution's resistance. The generated heat changes the mobility and diffusion coefficient of the analytes and therefore it degrades the system's performance. In order to investigate the spatial profile of temperature variations during electrophoresis, a comprehensive microfluidic system was modelled and validated. The physical characteristics such as electric field, current density, temperature generation, heat transfer and fluid flow were simulated in a vertical and horizontal two-dimensional working plane along the separation channel. An optimization study identified potential for improvement in order to reduce high temperature gradients and improve the heat transfer away from the separation channel. Due to the low thermal conductivity of air, a reduction in the chip thickness leads to an increase in temperature when not deploying sufficient cooling. Attaching a copper plate results in a maximal reduction of 49.1% due to its high thermal conductivity, while an active cooling 5°C below room temperature allows for an efficient heat dissipation resulting in 107% reduction in the highest temperature value.","PeriodicalId":6569,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81621944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-27DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351775
N. Sidaty, Marko Viitanen, W. Hamidouche, Jarno Vanne, O. Déforges
This paper presents a demonstration setup for live HEVC video coding with Region of Interest (ROI) encryption. The showcased approach splits video frames into independent HEVC tiles and encrypts those belonging to the ROI. This end-to-end content protection scheme is put into practice by integrating the algorithms of selective encryption into Kvazaar HEVC encoder and decryption into openHEVC decoder. The shown implementation performs secure encryption of the ROI in real time with small bit rate and complexity overhead.
{"title":"Live Demonstration: End-to-End Real-Time ROI-based Encryption in HEVC Videos","authors":"N. Sidaty, Marko Viitanen, W. Hamidouche, Jarno Vanne, O. Déforges","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351775","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a demonstration setup for live HEVC video coding with Region of Interest (ROI) encryption. The showcased approach splits video frames into independent HEVC tiles and encrypts those belonging to the ROI. This end-to-end content protection scheme is put into practice by integrating the algorithms of selective encryption into Kvazaar HEVC encoder and decryption into openHEVC decoder. The shown implementation performs secure encryption of the ROI in real time with small bit rate and complexity overhead.","PeriodicalId":6569,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81756002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-27DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351550
Long D. Nguyen, Dongyun Lin, Zhiping Lin, Jiuwen Cao
Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have become one of the state-of-the-art methods for image classification in various domains. For biomedical image classification where the number of training images is generally limited, transfer learning using CNNs is often applied. Such technique extracts generic image features from nature image datasets and these features can be directly adopted for feature extraction in smaller datasets. In this paper, we propose a novel deep neural network architecture based on transfer learning for microscopic image classification. In our proposed network, we concatenate the features extracted from three pretrained deep CNNs. The concatenated features are then used to train two fully-connected layers to perform classification. In the experiments on both the 2D-Hela and the PAP-smear datasets, our proposed network architecture produces significant performance gains comparing to the neural network structure that uses only features extracted from single CNN and several traditional classification methods.
{"title":"Deep CNNs for microscopic image classification by exploiting transfer learning and feature concatenation","authors":"Long D. Nguyen, Dongyun Lin, Zhiping Lin, Jiuwen Cao","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351550","url":null,"abstract":"Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have become one of the state-of-the-art methods for image classification in various domains. For biomedical image classification where the number of training images is generally limited, transfer learning using CNNs is often applied. Such technique extracts generic image features from nature image datasets and these features can be directly adopted for feature extraction in smaller datasets. In this paper, we propose a novel deep neural network architecture based on transfer learning for microscopic image classification. In our proposed network, we concatenate the features extracted from three pretrained deep CNNs. The concatenated features are then used to train two fully-connected layers to perform classification. In the experiments on both the 2D-Hela and the PAP-smear datasets, our proposed network architecture produces significant performance gains comparing to the neural network structure that uses only features extracted from single CNN and several traditional classification methods.","PeriodicalId":6569,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","volume":"16 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82643770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-27DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351028
Erwan Libessart, M. Arzel, C. Lahuec, F. Andriulli
The performance of non-invasive Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) depends on the computing performance of the system which solves the inverse problem. So the number of basic operations computed per second determines the BCI's resolution. An architecture with pipelined and parallelized flow is then required, and each operator in this architecture must be optimised to reach the highest possible computing performance. This paper presents the implementation of a fixed-point reciprocal and an inverse square root operators for the STMicroelectronics 65 nm CMOS technology. This paper follows previous works that optimise these operators on FPGA target. Each operator reaches a computing performance of about 40 Gop/s/mm2, which improves the literature results by a factor of 5. Thus, this works fits well for portable and high performance BCI applications.
{"title":"40 Gop/s/mm2 fixed-point operators for Brain Computer Interface in 65 nm CMOS","authors":"Erwan Libessart, M. Arzel, C. Lahuec, F. Andriulli","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351028","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of non-invasive Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) depends on the computing performance of the system which solves the inverse problem. So the number of basic operations computed per second determines the BCI's resolution. An architecture with pipelined and parallelized flow is then required, and each operator in this architecture must be optimised to reach the highest possible computing performance. This paper presents the implementation of a fixed-point reciprocal and an inverse square root operators for the STMicroelectronics 65 nm CMOS technology. This paper follows previous works that optimise these operators on FPGA target. Each operator reaches a computing performance of about 40 Gop/s/mm2, which improves the literature results by a factor of 5. Thus, this works fits well for portable and high performance BCI applications.","PeriodicalId":6569,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","volume":"95 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89507930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-27DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351137
J. Mishra, M. Jalili, Xinghuo Yu
This paper describes pinning synchronization of a complex dynamical network consisting of N identical nodes. The nodes are interconnected by a time-varying non-linear coupling terms, which has a general type with some constraints. Many non-linear coupling forms can be modeled as the one considered in this work. The network synchronization is achieved by using non-linear switching control. The stability of the synchronization is proven mathematically using Lyapunov analysis. It is shown that the proposed controller performs well in the presence of disturbances. Finally, simulation examples of Lorenz oscillator networks are given to verify the theoretical results. The simulations show that the proposed switching control outperforms classical linear control by providing not only faster synchronization, but also better robustness against external disturbances.
{"title":"Robust Pinning Synchronization of Complex Network with Non-linear Coupling using Switching Control","authors":"J. Mishra, M. Jalili, Xinghuo Yu","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351137","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes pinning synchronization of a complex dynamical network consisting of N identical nodes. The nodes are interconnected by a time-varying non-linear coupling terms, which has a general type with some constraints. Many non-linear coupling forms can be modeled as the one considered in this work. The network synchronization is achieved by using non-linear switching control. The stability of the synchronization is proven mathematically using Lyapunov analysis. It is shown that the proposed controller performs well in the presence of disturbances. Finally, simulation examples of Lorenz oscillator networks are given to verify the theoretical results. The simulations show that the proposed switching control outperforms classical linear control by providing not only faster synchronization, but also better robustness against external disturbances.","PeriodicalId":6569,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89590413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-27DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351822
M. Franceschi, L. Seminara, S. Došen, L. Pinna, Luigi Fares, M. Saleh, M. Valle, D. Farina
Closing the prosthesis control loop by providing tactile sensory feedback to the user is a key point in research on active prosthetics as well as an often cited requirement of the prosthesis users.
通过向使用者提供触觉反馈来关闭义肢控制回路是主动义肢研究的重点，也是义肢使用者经常提出的要求。
{"title":"Live Demonstration: Electrotactile feedback from an electronic skin through flexible electrode matrix","authors":"M. Franceschi, L. Seminara, S. Došen, L. Pinna, Luigi Fares, M. Saleh, M. Valle, D. Farina","doi":"10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351822","url":null,"abstract":"Closing the prosthesis control loop by providing tactile sensory feedback to the user is a key point in research on active prosthetics as well as an often cited requirement of the prosthesis users.","PeriodicalId":6569,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89845014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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