Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry最新文献

This study investigates stable isotopes based on 100 event-scale precipitation samples collected during four dry-to-wet transitional seasons in southwest China. Significant increasing trends in δD, δ¹⁸O and D-excess were observed, driven primarily by increasing temperatures. The local meteoric water line (LMWL) indicated the dominance of continental moisture sources and the influence of below-cloud evaporation. Both the temperature effect and precipitation amount effect were pronounced, with local meteorology explaining approximately 50% of the isotopic variance. Dominant moisture shifted from high-latitude continental to near-source, amplifying isotopic variability while reducing D-excess value. These findings provide essential isotopic baselines for regional water cycle tracing during transitional seasons.

The unique chemical properties of actinyl hold significant practical importance in the domain of radioactive waste treatment. The advancement of highly efficient ligands for the targeted extraction and stabilization of actinyl ions has become a key research focus, and salophen has demonstrated excellent chelating ability toward actinide ions. In this work, actinyl (VI, V) (An = U, Np and Pu) complexes of the triplesalophen have been systematically investigated. Triplesalophen, possessing multiple N2–O2 binding sites, demonstrates exceptional coordination ability with actinides. The structural geometry, bond characteristics, and thermodynamic properties of the actinyl (VI, V) complexes have been comprehensively investigated via scalar relativistic DFT calculations. Actinyl (V, VI) complexes exhibit shorter An-O bond lengths compared to An-N bonds as well as the larger An-O bond WBIs, which confirms that oxygen is the predominant donor atom to binding actinyl ions. Natural population analysis has revealed that actinyl (VI) complexes display more substantial ligand-to-actinyl charge transfer than their actinyl (V) analogues. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the complexation of actinides (VI and V) with triplesalophen in aqueous phase is spontaneous. Specifically, Pu (VI) and Np (V) exhibit the highest selectivity among actinide cations at their respective oxidation states. Furthermore, IR spectra were analyzed to identify the interaction modes between actinyl ions and triplesalophen. This work is anticipated to deliver valuable insights and theoretical guidance for the future design of multi-salophen complexes for actinide recognition and extraction.

Graphical abstract

During the last decade, diagnosis and therapy of prostate cancer have been accomplished with clear evidence of enhanced survival. Improved diagnostic capabilities, particularly radiolabeled PSMA PET/CT approaches benefit from reduced unnecessary biopsies and more accuracy. The advantage of visualization of the abnormalities prior to therapeutic procedures is clarifying these locations specifically in order to targeting therapy applying the theranostic principle. Targeted therapy with high efficacy and minimal damage has emerged as very promising advancement in nuclear medicine. Recently, radiolabeled PSMA-617 and other derivatives have shown considerable improvements in the management of advanced-stage PSMA–positive mCRPC. This manuscript attempts to summarize the most recent advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer in nuclear medicine.

The liquid-liquid extraction is mainly employed for the recovery of unused uranium and plutonium present in the spent fuel discharged from nuclear power reactors in reprocessing industries. All reprocessing industries suffer from stable and viscous emulsion material, which is mainly caused by the formation of interfacial solids during the extraction/stripping process. This kind of interfacial crud formation is more pronounced in the reprocessing of spent fuel from fast reactor. In these studies, the conditions leading to the formation of interfacial crud, the associated problems in the equipment used for reprocessing, and the methodologies for minimizing its formation are presented.

Astatine (At, Z = 85) is the rarest naturally occurring element and exhibits unique chemical properties influenced by relativistic effects. The short half-lives of its isotopes and its scarcity limits chemical experiments and methods to study and work with astatine. While some insight has been gained into its behavior in the liquid phase, substantial experimental challenges persist, and studies of its gas-phase chemistry remain scarce. Understanding its reactivity and volatility is important not only for optimizing the use of At in targeted alpha therapy but also a crucial step towards future investigations of its superheavy homolog, tennessine (Ts, Z = 117). Adsorption and interaction of At with a quartz surface were studied aiming at a conclusive understanding of the interaction strength between At and fused silica surfaces of different reactivity. In our work, the isotopes ^207,208At (T_1/2 = 1.63 h and T_1/2 = 1.81 h, respectively) were produced via fusion-evaporation reactions by irradiating Bi₂O₃-targets with ³He beams. We used gas–solid thermochromatography in various gas atmospheres and applied several temperature gradients ranging from T_max = 1000 °C to T_min =  − 170 °C. Silica surfaces with different degrees of hydroxylation were used. These experiments reveal the concentration of the hydroxyl groups on the surface, i.e. its reactivity, to play an important role in the chemical interaction of At with hot quartz surfaces. Advanced Monte Carlo simulations allowed determining the adsorption enthalpies of the At species, and thus, to elucidate the chemical interactions of At with quartz surfaces. The use of different carrier gases as well as surfaces of different reactivity allowed the production and observation of multiple chemical species. We assigned the most volatile species to elemental At, which was found to be chemically bound to the hydroxylated silica surface at temperatures between 300 and 500 °C.

This study evaluates the potential of [^99mTc]Tc-DTPA-Nimotuzumab (labeled cpd) as a radiolabeled agent for targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) overexpression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Nimotuzumab was conjugated with a bifunctional chelator and labeled with ^99mTc, achieving over 98% radiochemical purity with 24 h stability. In vitro studies showed progressive internalization in HNSCC cells, with optimal uptake at 20 µg. Biodistribution in mice confirmed selective tumor accumulation with minimal off target effects, supporting its promise as a targeted imaging agent for EGFR expression in HNSCC.

In this work, through the ball-milling treatment process, the novel micron-engineered Ulva prolifera (m-Ulva) was prepared and used to remove U(VI) from water. The m-Ulva properties were interpreted by analysis of the morphology structure, specific surface area, functional groups, and composition. The adsorption experimental results testified that the U(VI) adsorption process depends strongly on pH, while followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The maximum absorption capacity was shown to be 147.06 mg/g at pH 5.0 and 25° C. Based on various characterization, the related adsorption mechanisms mainly encompassed electrostatic attraction, complexation and partial reduction of U(VI). The study presents a green, scalable method to transform Ulva prolifera into low-cost, micron-engineered biomass material for U(VI)-contaminated wastewater cleanup.

This study reports the synthesis of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) incorporated hydroxyapatite (HAp) composites (HAp@TiO₂) for uranium (U(VI)) removal from aqueous solution. The nanocomposite exhibited dandelion flower-like morphology with enhanced surface area. Batch adsorption studies were conducted to study the influence of pH, contact time, initial uranium concentration, and temperature on U(VI) adsorption. It exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 231.48 mg g⁻¹, and equilibrium was achieved within 55 min. Adsorption of U(VI) on HAp@TiO₂ occurs via ion exchange, surface complexation and electrostatic interaction with Ca²⁺, OH⁻ and PO₄³⁻ groups. These results demonstrate HAp@TiO₂ as a promising adsorbent for U(VI) contaminated wastewater.

This study investigates the elemental composition of six vegetables and six tubers collected from markets in Ho Chi Minh City using the k₀-INAA method. The results indicate that element concentrations in vegetables were 5–39 times higher than in tubers.

In vegetables, the order of element concentration is Cl > Ca > Al > Fe, while in tubers, it is Ca > Cl > Fe > Al. Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) divided the vegetable samples into two clusters, suggesting that element accumulation depends on plant type rather than biological relationships. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) further grouped the four elements into two clusters based on their absorption trends, emphasizing the species-specific and nutritional roles in elemental uptake and distribution.